EP0973459A1

EP0973459A1 - Dental pin arrangement with a crownable structure

Info

Publication number: EP0973459A1
Application number: EP98919240A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Hubertus Platt
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1997-04-08
Filing date: 1998-04-08
Publication date: 2000-01-26
Also published as: WO1998044867A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a divided dental pin arrangement with a construction (10) which can be crowned. The inventive arrangement has at least one retention pin (12) for fixing the construction (10) to the root (14) of the tooth. The at least one retention pin (12) has an outer thread (16) and is screwed into the tooth root (14) essentially horizontally in the area of the root canal (18), so as to connect said retention pin (12) and said tooth root (14) in such a way that they are detachable. The construction for capping (10) is supported in the upper root area (20) by the retention pin (12) screwed into the tooth root (14). Said retention pin (12) extends through a continuous bore (22) in the construction (10), said bore (22) having a shoulder (24) in which the head (26) of the retention pin (12) engages, so as to connect the retention pin (12) and the construction (10) in such a way that they can be detached.

Description

DENTAL PEN ARRANGEMENT WITH A CROWN-UP STRUCTURE

description

The invention relates to a dental pin arrangement with a ronbar structure, which has at least one pin for anchoring the structure to the tooth root.

Such pin arrangements are widespread in dental practice and are used to provide crowns on the vital roots of the teeth. Both the anchoring pin and the abutment are irreversibly incorporated with the tooth root, primarily by using cement.

A disadvantage of the known pin arrangements is that they do not easily move away from the tooth root again to let. It is desirable to remove the crown including the pin arrangement when revising root treatments in the apical root area. However, this possibility does not exist with the previous pin arrangements.

If apical periodontitis occurs after incorporation of the post assembly, revision of the root filling is no longer possible. In this case, surgical intervention, root tip resection, is essential.

Furthermore, it is difficult to provisionally treat a decapitated tooth without the abutment repeatedly becoming detached from the root.

Ultimately, the incorporated structure can easily be loosened by rotation relative to the tooth root, so that the crowning becomes unstable.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a dental technical text arrangement with a crownable structure, which creates a detachable connection between the structure and the tooth root, through great variability and stability au__eich.net and, moreover, with good handling, a cost-effective option for both the es "Provides care as well as for the final crowning. In addition, medical post-treatment of the wound should also be possible.

The object of the invention is achieved with a dental pin arrangement according to the features of claim 1, the subclaims comprising at least expedient refinements and developments of the subject matter of the main claim.

According to a basic idea of the invention, the at least one anchoring pin has an external thread and is screwed into the tooth root essentially vertically in the region of the root canal. In this way, a releasable connection is formed between the anchoring pin and the tooth root. The crowned structure is from that to the Tooth root screwed anchor pin detachably held at the upper root area. The anchoring pin extends through a through hole in the structure. This through hole has a shoulder on which the head of the anchoring pin screwed into the tooth root engages, so that a releasable connection between the anchoring pin and the structure is formed.

It is thus possible in a simple manner to remove the anchoring pin from the root. The structure can also be removed from the upper root area. Since the anchoring pin is only screwed into the area of the root canal, the root canal is freely accessible when the anchoring pin is unscrewed and can be given medical care.

In order to enable a stable and at the same time simple insertion of the anchoring pin into the tooth root, the external thread of the anchoring pin can be designed to be self-tapping.

According to a further basic idea of the invention, a rotation locking device is effective in the contact area between the structure that can be crowned and the tooth root. Such a measure effectively prevents the structure from pivoting relative to the tooth root.

Here, it is proposed that the structure of a second through hole is attached at least, extends through which to ^"a provided with a threaded locking pin which can be screwed also into the tooth root. In this way it is impossible that the structure around the anchor pin pivots and thereby loosening of the entire assembly occurs.

It is also proposed that the structure in the contact area with the tooth root has a locking pin. This locking pin extends into a complementary recess in the tooth root. The safety pin is attached directly to the body or integrally formed with it, thereby avoiding the need to make an additional through hole in the body. Such an arrangement of locking pin and complementary recess represents a particularly simple and inexpensive to manufacture rotation lock.

An advantageous embodiment consists in that a blind hole is made in the region of the root canal, in which at least one approximately tubular threaded sleeve provided with an internal and an external thread is fitted. The external thread of the threaded collar engages directly on the inner wall of the blind hole, while the anchoring pin can be screwed into the internal thread. Such a measure makes it possible for the anchoring pin to be screwed in or out repeatedly without stressing or damaging the thread cut into the tooth root, since the internal thread of the threaded collar ensures stable guidance. The internal thread of the threaded sleeve can be present ^'is formed as a conventional machine thread complementary to the external thread of the fixing pin.

In order to ensure a stable fit of the threaded collar in the S_.ck ~ hole, the external thread of the threaded collar can be designed to be self-tapping. This results in intensive contact between the threaded collar and the tooth root and a secure, permanent fit is guaranteed.

In order to further stabilize the seat of the threaded sleeve in the blind bore, it is proposed that the threaded sleeve have areas which spread out against the inner wall of the blind bore when the anchoring pin is screwed into the internal thread. In this way, the threaded collar is additionally fixed.

Another possibility of fastening the threaded collar in the blind hole is that the threaded collar cuff is fixed within the blind hole by means of fastening cement.

The structure described can be provided with a ready-made - also provisional - crown. This is of great advantage in particular for the initial care after setting the pin arrangement.

According to one aspect of the invention, the structure that can be crowned is provided with a cap made of a baked-on alloy or a baked-on ceramic.

The crowning - for example the cap made of a bonding alloy or a bonding ceramic - can be screwed to the body or fixed with a fastening cement.

In order to prevent excess fixing cement from being pressed into the root canal by the anchoring pin or from an unfavorable pressure distribution around the anchoring pin, the latter can have a drainage channel for excess fixing cement which extends in its longitudinal direction. The drainage channel can have a central tubular shape, but also in the form of one or more drainage channels on the lateral surface of the anchoring pin.

For easier handling, the anchoring pin is provided on its head with an internal polygon for engaging a corresponding tool. The same applies to a locking pin that may be used.

The head of the anchoring pin is advantageously designed to be self-locking against rotation.

The dental pin arrangement according to the invention with a crownable structure offers a good possibility of combining structures of different sizes and shapes with differently long and thick anchoring pins. Prefabricated temporary crowns in different colors and shapes are possible. It also becomes stable Uberkronanordnung created, which is simple and inexpensive to manufacture. Medical care of the root is easily possible thanks to the detachable connection between the anchoring pin, the abutment and the tooth root. With the split structure described, the final crown can already be put on after provisional restoration of the root, with medicinal follow-up treatments being possible at any time.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments and with the aid of figures.

Here show:

Fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a first

Embodiment of the pin arrangement according to the invention with a crownable structure;

Fig. 2 ^'is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a second embodiment of the pin arrangement according to the invention with a crownable structure;

3a-c are schematic longitudinal sectional views showing the pre-drilling and leveling of the tooth root;

4a-b are schematic longitudinal sectional views showing the

Cutting a thread in the blind hole for the anchoring pin and milling a recess for the safety pin;

Fig. 5a - c schematic longitudinal sectional views that the

Cutting a thread in the blind hole for the anchoring pin and pre-drilling to screw in the locking pin;

6a-c are schematic longitudinal sectional views for illustrating the pre-drilling and insertion of the threaded sleeve into a stepped blind hole and the attachment of the structure; and Fig. 7 is a schematic side view of the pilot drill used in Fig. 6a.

1, the structure of a first embodiment of the dental pin arrangement according to the invention with a crownable structure will be described below.

A structure 10 made of a prosthetic material (metal, ceramic, plastic) is placed on the area 20 of a tooth root 14, which is only indicated in FIG. 1. The shape of the structure 10 is essentially modeled on the subsequent crowning to be applied.

The structure 10 has an approximately centrically arranged through bore 22 which has a shoulder 24 in its lower area facing the tooth root 14 and thus has a smaller diameter than in its upper area. A slightly tapered blind hole 34 is provided in the tooth root 14 in continuation of the area of the through hole with a smaller diameter. At the lower end of the blind hole 34, the root canal 18 continues.

An anchoring pin 12 made of metal and provided with an external thread 16 is inserted into the through hole 22 from above and extends into the blind hole 34. The external thread of the anchoring pin 12 is self-tapping, so that the anchoring pin 12 is screwed into the complementarily shaped blind hole 34 such that the thread 16 cuts into the inner wall of the hole 34.

The anchoring pin 12 has at its upper end a head 25 with a centrally formed polygon 48 in which a screwing tool (not shown) can engage. The anchoring pin 12 is screwed so far into the tooth root 14 that the head 25 comes flush with the shoulder 24 at its lower end. The sales anchor pin 12 thus presses the structure 10 against the tooth root 14.

A drainage channel 46 for excess fastening cement (not shown in FIG. 1) is arranged centrally in the anchoring pin 12. Fixing cement is only used for the final fixation. The fastening cement displaced by screwing in the anchoring pin 12 can escape upward through the drainage channel 46 and be removed by the dentist.

For the purpose of securing against rotation, a further through bore 28 of smaller diameter is provided essentially parallel to the through bore 22, into which a threaded locking pin 26 is inserted and firmly screwed into the tooth root 14. The locking pin 26 prevents the structure 10 from rotating about the anchoring pin 12.

A second embodiment of the dental pin arrangement according to the invention with a crownable structure will now be described with reference to FIG. 2.

In contrast to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the blind hole 34 is offset in the tooth root 14. A threaded collar 40 is introduced into the upper region 73 of the blind hole 34. The threaded collar 40 is essentially tubular, wherein, as shown in FIG. 2, it tapers slightly conically downwards in accordance with the upper region 73 of the blind hole 34. A self-tapping thread 38 is arranged on the outer jacket of the tubular threaded sleeve 40 and cuts into the inner wall of the upper region 73 of the blind hole 34. The inner circumferential surface of the tubular threaded sleeve 40, on the other hand, has an internal thread 36 into which the anchoring pin 12 provided with a complementary external thread 16 can be screwed. The lower region 75 of the blind hole 34 is similar to the lower region of the blind hole 34 in FIG. 1, namely with a thread cut directly into the tooth root 14 corresponding to the external thread 16 of the anchoring pin 12.

The structure 10 has a locking pin 30 which projects downward and is essentially parallel to the direction of extension of the anchoring pin 12 and which extends into a complementary recess 32 in the contact surface 20 between the tooth root 14 and the structure 10.

The structure 10 is provided with a cap 42 made of a ceramic. The cap 42 serves, on the one hand, to cover the through opening 22 and, on the other hand, is suitable for simply firing ceramic material in order to produce a crown. The cap 42 can be fixed by means of a fastening screw 44 which, as shown in FIG. 2, extends essentially perpendicular to the anchoring pin 12.

3a to c show a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the procedure for pre-drilling and leveling the tooth root 14 before setting the dental pin arrangement according to the invention with a crownable structure.

3a shows the tooth root 14 in the untreated state. 3b now shows how a pre-drill 52 with a clamping extension 50 for a drilling drive (not shown) is drilled into the tooth root 14. In this way, a blind hole 34 is created. The pre-drill 52 shown in FIG. 3b creates a cylindrical blind hole 34, but with a suitable choice of the shape of the pre-drill 52, a downwardly tapering bore 34 can also be realized.

3c shows how the upper region 20 of the predrilled tooth root 14 is smoothed. For this purpose, a grinding wheel or milling machine 54, which in turn has a clamping extension 50, with one on its underside Centrally arranged guide extension 58 partially inserted into the borehole 34. The abrasive underside 56 of the grinding wheel 54 removes the tooth root 14 from its top. A flat contact surface between the tooth root 14 and the structure 10 to be subsequently applied is thus ensured.

4a, a drilling template 62 is placed on the leveled area of the tooth root 14 in such a way that a hand-operated tap 60 can be inserted into the blind hole 34 through a through opening in the template 62. The thread cutter 60 cuts a thread in the inner wall of the blind hole 34 in accordance with the anchoring pin to be screwed in later (see FIG. 4b), in particular if it has no self-tapping properties.

The drilling template 62 has a further through opening for a milling cutter 64 at a defined distance from the through opening for the tap 60. The boring cutter 64 mills the recess 32 shown in FIG. 4b from the upper region of the tooth block 14, into which the locking mandrel 30 projecting on the underside of the structure 10 engages.

5a to c illustrate the procedure for threading in the event that a locking pin is used to secure the rotation. A hand-operated tap 60 cuts an internal thread corresponding to the external thread 16 of the anchoring pin 12 into the blind hole 34 (cf. FIG. 5a). After the thread has been cut into the blind hole 34, the structure 10 is put on according to FIG. 5b and through the through hole 22 through the anchoring pin 12 screwed into the blind hole 34. In the structure 10, the through hole 28 is already made for receiving the locking pin 26. 5b, the structure 10 serves as a drilling template, so that a pre-drill 66 can be inserted into the through hole 28, which has a blind hole in the tooth root 14 for the attaches a self-tapping thread locking pin 26.

5c shows the structure 10 anchored to the tooth root 14 with the anchoring pin 12 with rotation protection by the securing pin 26.

The procedure how the threaded sleeve 40 can be introduced into a stepped blind hole is now described with reference to FIGS. 6a to c.

According to FIG. 6a, a step-shaped blind hole is made in the tooth root 14, a drill 68 according to FIG. 7 being used.

The drill 68 according to FIG. 7 has at its rear end a clamping extension 70 for a drill drive (not shown). The clamping extension is followed by a diamond-coated milling area 72 in a step serving as a depth stop. The milling area 72 tapers conically up to the step 71, which is followed by a further milling area 74 with a smaller diameter. The step 71 between the milling areas 74 and 72 is also diamond-coated in order to mill a step during the advance into the tooth root.

At the end of the pre-drill 68 facing away from the clamping extension 70, a guide mandrel 76 is arranged, which follows the root canal 18 during the milling process. The surface 77 surrounding the guide mandrel 76 is also abrasive.

Corresponding to the step-like structure of the pilot drill 68, the stepped bore shown in FIGS. 6a and b is produced, the upper region 73 with a large diameter serving to receive the threaded collar 40, while the anchoring pin 12 can be screwed directly into the lower region 75.

As FIG. 6b shows, a special insertion tool 78 is preferably used to position the threaded collar 40 in the upper region 73 of the blind hole. Here is the threaded sleeve 40 is screwed onto a lower extension of the insertion tool 78, so that the threaded sleeve 40 can be fixed together with the insertion tool 78 due to the self-tapping external thread 38 of the threaded sleeve 40 in the upper region 73 of the blind hole. The insertion tool 78 is designed in such a way that an extension 80 with a thread cutter connects to the holding area for the threaded collar. The shape of the tapping extension 80 corresponds essentially to the shape of the lower region 75 of the blind hole. In this way, the threaded collar 40 is correctly positioned in the upper region 73 in one operation by screwing-in movement and, on the other hand, a thread course formed in accordance with the external thread 16 of the anchoring pin 12 to be introduced later is cut in the lower region 75 of the blind hole. Alternatively, the lower region of the blind hole 75 can first be pre-cut with a tap, then the threaded sleeve 40 can be introduced.

6c shows how the structure 10 can be anchored in the threaded collar 40 and the lower region 75 of the blind hole by means of the anchoring pin 12 and, at the same time, a securing pin 26 with a self-tapping thread can additionally be screwed into the tooth root as a rotation lock.

A further possibility for the formation of a rotation lock consists in first making a blind hole, as already described. Then a body bearing is inserted with the help of an end mill and a drilling template is inserted in order to form a further, offset recess with a second end mill. The special shape of the pin bearing formed in this way, for example two interlocking circular recesses or a circular recess with a nose-like recess extension, forms the actual rotation lock. The shape of the screwable structure in the lower section then corresponds to the recesses, ie the shape of the pin bearing with the result of a secure locking and one sufficient absorption of the forces occurring during the chewing process.

All in all, it is possible with the present invention to specify a divisible dental pin arrangement with a structure that can be crowned, which, with a high degree of variability and good combinability of the individual components, enables a secure, yet detachable crowning. Medical follow-up treatment of the wound is always possible without having to make several temporary restorations or requiring later surgical treatment.

Claims

claims

1. Dental pin arrangement with crown structure (10), which has at least one pin (12) for anchoring the on from (10) to the tooth root (14), characterized in that the at least one anchoring pin (12) has an external thread (16) and is screwed into the tooth root (14) essentially vertically in the region of the root canal (18), so that a detachable connection between the anchoring pin (12) and the tooth root (14) is formed, and the supercrownable structure (10) of which in the tooth root (14) screwed-in anchoring pin (12) is releasably held at the upper root area (20), the anchoring pin (12) extending through a through hole (22) in the structure (10) and the through hole (22) a shoulder (24 ) on which the head (25) of the anchoring pin 5 (12) screwed into the tooth root (14) engages, so that a legible connection between the anchoring pin (12) and the up construction (10) arises.

2. Pin arrangement according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the external thread (16) of the anchoring pin (12) is self-tapping.

3. Pin arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the contact area (20) between the crownable structure (10) and the tooth root (14) a rotation securing device (26, 30) is arranged to pivot the structure (10) to prevent against the tooth root (14).

4. pin arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one second through hole (28) is made in the structure (10), through which a threaded locking pin (26) extends, which can be screwed into the tooth root (14).

5. A pin arrangement according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the structure (10) in the contact region (20) with the tooth root (14) has a locking pin (30) which is in a complementarily shaped recess (32) in the tooth root (14th ) stretched in.

6. pin arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the region of the root canal (18) a blind hole (34) is made in which at least one with an internal and an external thread (36 and 38) provided approximately tubular threaded sleeve c (40) can be inserted, the external thread (38) engaging directly on the inner wall of the blind hole (34) and the anchoring pin (12) can be screwed into the internal thread (36).

7. pin arrangement according to claim 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the external thread (38) of the threaded sleeve (40) is self-tapping.

8. pin arrangement according to claim 6 and 7, so that the threaded collar (40) has areas which, when the anchoring pin (12) is screwed into the inner gel5 winch (36), spread apart against the inner wall of the blind hole (34).

9. pin arrangement according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the threaded collar (40) within the blind hole (34) can be fixed by means of fastening cement.

10. pin arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the crowned structure (10) is provided with a prefabricated crown.

11. Pin arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the crowned structure (10) is provided with a cap (42) made of a baking alloy or a baking ceramic.

12. Pin arrangement according to claim 10 or 11, so that the crown (42) is screwed to the structure (10) (fastening screw 44) or fixed by means of fastening cement.

13. pin arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 12, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that between the anchoring pin (12) and the tooth root

(14) Fixing cement is introduced.

14. Pin arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 13, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the anchoring pin (12) at least one in

Has longitudinally extending drain channel (46) for excess fastening cement.

15. A pin arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 14, that the anchoring pin (12) is provided on its head (26) with an internal polygon (48) for engaging a corresponding screwing tool.

16. Pin arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the head (25) of the anchoring pin (12) is designed to be self-locking.