EP0967857A1 - Animal litter composition and method for obtaining same - Google Patents

Animal litter composition and method for obtaining same

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Publication number
EP0967857A1
EP0967857A1 EP97953006A EP97953006A EP0967857A1 EP 0967857 A1 EP0967857 A1 EP 0967857A1 EP 97953006 A EP97953006 A EP 97953006A EP 97953006 A EP97953006 A EP 97953006A EP 0967857 A1 EP0967857 A1 EP 0967857A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition according
weight
composition
granulation
organic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97953006A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Denis Bortzmeyer
Jean-Claude Lot. le Grand Caillouet KIEFER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tolsa
Original Assignee
Tolsa
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tolsa filed Critical Tolsa
Publication of EP0967857A1 publication Critical patent/EP0967857A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
    • A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
    • A01K1/0152—Litter
    • A01K1/0154—Litter comprising inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
    • A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
    • A01K1/0152—Litter
    • A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a multifunctional composition of animal litter, and its process for obtaining
  • composition based on at least one material (I) or (II) comprises at least one ore and / or organic absorbing agent at least one silica, and at least one organic (co) polymer, the weight ratio of silica to (co) p ⁇ lymère lying in a particular range
  • At least one of the materials (I) or (II) may also comprise at least one compound capable of giving the composition at least one additional functionality, such as an oxidizing agent, an antibacterial agent and / or a dye.
  • the main properties usually sought in animal bedding are the power to absorb the density of the granules, the mechanical strength after absorption of liquid, the fixing and / or the destruction of bad odors.
  • the present invention thus relates to a multifunctional composition of litter for animals having a significantly higher absorbent capacity, good mechanical strength not altered after impregnation of liquid, and excellent resistance to attack.
  • compositions are the destruction of bad odors in an effective and lasting manner, and the control of bacterial proliferation after contamination of the composition.
  • present invention also relates to simple methods for obtaining said composition.
  • a first object of the invention is a composition comprising a material (I), or a material (II ) or their mixtures
  • the material (I) includes
  • the material (II) comprises
  • composition of the invention the presence of the organic s ⁇ l ⁇ ce- (co) polymer couple is essential in order to obtain good mechanical strength, not deteriorated after impregnation of liquid, and excellent resistance to attrition. indeed an essential role of texturing of the mixture ensuring an effective bond between the absorbent agent and the (co) polymer
  • the composition according to the invention can be shaped by means not requiring the use of high pressures if an extrusion is planned, due to the very good cohesion of the material forming each of the particles
  • At least one of the materials (I) or (II) may further comprise at least one compound capable of imparting to the composition, at least one additional functionality to the composition, such as absorption, proliferation of micro- organisms, odor control or treatment, and the visual aspect.
  • composition according to the invention is characterized in that the mineral and / or organic absorbent agents (A1) and / or (A2), similar or different, are preferably a mineral agent comprising at least one clay
  • the clay can be chosen from palygorskites such as attapulgite, montmo ⁇ llonites such as bentonite and smectite, sepio te, their mixture or mixtures containing them
  • Silicas (S1) and / or (S2) which are similar or different are generally chosen from pyrogenic and / or precipitation silicas, preferably precipitation silicas.
  • precipitation silica is meant HERE a silica obtained by precipitation from the reaction of an alkali silicate with an acid, generally inorganic at an adequate pH of the precipitation medium, in particular a basic pH, neutral or slightly acid, the mode of preparation of the silica can be HERE arbitrary (addition of acid on a silicate base stock, simultaneous total or partial addition of acid and silicate on a base stock of water or silicate solution, etc. ) and is chosen according to the type of silica that one wishes to obtain After filtrating by any suitable method, a silica cake is recovered which is washed with water and then dried by any means known per se Preferably the drying is done by atomization After drying, a grinding step can be carried out with the recovered product.
  • the precipitated silicas used in the present invention preferably have a BET specific surface of at least 40 rri2 / g in particular between 50 m2 / g and 400 m2 / g, for example between 60 m2 / g and 350 m2 / g
  • this BET specific surface is between 120 rr) 2 / g and 300 r ⁇ i2 / g
  • the precipitated silicas according to the invention have a DOP oil intake generally between 100 ml / 100 g and 400 ml / 100 g more particularly between 110 ml / 100 g and 380 ml / 100 g, for example between 300 ml / 100 g and 370 ml / 100 g
  • the oil uptake is determined according to standard NFT 30-022 (March 1953) using dioctylphthalate
  • the pH of the precipitation silicas according to the invention is generally at least 4, and for example between 5 and 8, in particular between 6.5 and 7 5
  • silica is partially replaced by talc or a talcoide, and / or chalk
  • the organic (co) polymers essentially play the role of binder, ensuring the cohesion of the composition. They give the litter composition, in combination with the silicas as described above, an excellent compromise between their different mechanical properties, and in particular a significant improvement in their texture and very good mechanical strength after absorption which are not obtained in the absence of one of its elements
  • These (co) polymers can, moreover, be good water retenters In this case the absorbency of the composition is, in general, appreciably increased
  • the organic (co) polymers (P1) and / or (P2) which are similar or different, are generally chosen from a polyol, preferably polyethylene glycol or polyvinyl alcohol, an optionally modified polyamide, in particular polyacrylamide, their mixture or the mixtures containing them
  • the composition according to the invention comprises at least one material (I) comprising between 50% and 90% by weight of ore absorbing agent (A1) preferably around 75% by weight,
  • silica (S1) preferably around 20% by weight
  • organic (co) polymer (P1) preferably around 5% by weight
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is constituted by a composition comprising at least one material (I) having at least 50% by weight of bentonite, relative to the total weight of the composition Consequently the absorbent agent (A1) is consisting mainly, or even completely of bento ⁇ ite Preferably, it is calcium bentonite
  • bentonite and more particularly calcium bentonite, lies in its naturally white color, a color which in the mind of the consumer is associated with the notion of purity and cleanliness.
  • the weight ratio (S1) / (P1) is more particularly greater than or equal to 3. Even more particularly, said weight ratio is between 3 and 5 limits inclusive.
  • the composition according to the invention comprises at least one material (II) comprising
  • silica (S2) between 0.5 and 15%, more particularly between 2 and 6%, by weight of silica (S2), and preferably 2.5% by weight,
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention consists of a composition comprising a material (II) having at least 80% by weight of attapulgite, relative to the total weight of the composition
  • the absorbent agent (A2 ) consists mainly, if not entirely, of attapulgite
  • the weight ratio (S2) / (P2) is more particularly between 1 and 3, limits included
  • a third variant of the present invention consists of a mixture of the two materials (I) and (II) above mentioned as they have just been described.
  • composition according to the invention and more particularly one and / or the other of the materials (I) and (II), can also comprise at least one compound giving it at least one additional functionality
  • composition according to the invention can therefore comprise at least an oxidizing agent Any oxidizing agent capable of releasing oxygen and / or oxygenated molecules are suitable in the context of the invention
  • the oxidizing agent can be chosen from persulfates, hypochlontes, percarbonates, and perborates, of alkali metals such as sodium or potassium, or of alkaline earth metals such as calcium or magnesium.
  • alkali metals such as sodium or potassium
  • alkaline earth metals such as calcium or magnesium.
  • the most commonly used oxidants such as Na2S2 ⁇ s, NaB03 4H2O, NaCIO, Ca (CIO) 2, 2Na2C ⁇ 3, H2 ⁇ 2
  • composition is also characterized in that at least one of the materials (I) and / or (II) comprises between 0% to 15% by weight of oxidant, preferably approximately 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the material comprising it
  • composition according to the invention can also comprise an antibacterial agent capable of controlling the proliferation of microorganisms.
  • antibacterial agents mention may be made of: optionally substituted halodiphenyl ethers such as for example 5-chloro-2- (2 4-dichlorophenoxy) phenol, optionally substituted N-halophenyl benzamides such as for example 3,5-d ⁇ chloro-N- (3,4-d ⁇ chlorophenyl) -2 - hydroxybenzamide, and optionally substituted halogenated aromatic derivatives of urea such as, for example, N- (4-chlorophenyl) -N '- [4-chloro-3- (tr ⁇ fluoromethyl) phenyl] urea
  • the preferred antibacterial agent is 5 -chloro-2- (2 4- dichlorophenoxy) phenol
  • the composition according to the invention can likewise comprise a dye.
  • This dye can be found in each grain of the composition or else only in a part of them. According to this possibility, the dye is introduced into 1/5 of all the grains of the composition, so as to obtain a satisfactory visual effect It should be noted that all combinations are possible However, if the composition is based on a mixture the colored grains are preferably obtained from a material whose color is not white
  • the dye used also has an antibacterial action.
  • the dyes falling into this category there may be mentioned in particular malachite green
  • composition according to the invention is advantageously in the form of rounded granules, with a diameter between 0.5 mm and 6.3 mm.
  • the rounded granules have a diameter between 2 and 4 mm.
  • the process for shaping the composition is generally characterized in that the granulation of the materials (I) and / or (II), independently of one another, is carried out by wet, semi-wet, or dry route These three types of process can be carried out continuously or batchwise. They are essentially distinguished by their wetting ratio (Rm).
  • wetting ratio (Rm) is meant the amount of water used relative to the amount of solid. to be granulated Rm is equal to 1 when 1 kg of water is used to granulate 1 kg of solid
  • wetting ratio (Rm) necessary for granulation is 0.8 ⁇ Rm ⁇ 1, 2
  • the different stages of this type of process consist in a) bringing the absorbent agent, the silica into contact with the (co) polymer, the latter being able to be in solid form or in the form of a solution, b) homogenizing this mixture, c ) introduce the water by spraying, d) granulate, and e) dry the rounded granules whose diameter is between 2 mm and 6.3 mm
  • the amount of solution of (co) polymer used remains such that the resulting mixture, comprising the absorbent agent, the silica and the (co) polymer, does not granulate but remains in pulverulent form This quantity depends inter alia on the nature of the agent absorbent
  • the amount of water is such that the humidity of the mixture is between 25 and 40%
  • the granulation operation can take place in any type of suitable apparatus, such as rotary drums and turntables.
  • the amount of water added is such that the humidity of the mixture is around 50% by weight.
  • the drying is carried out. at temperatures varying in a wide range according to the nature of the clay In general, when the clay is bentonite the drying temperature cannot go beyond 75 ° C. With attapulgite the temperature can go up to '' at 120 ° C
  • the drying of the granulated material is generally carried out in air so as to reach, more particularly a residual humidity rate of less than or equal to 10%
  • This step can take place, for example, in an oven, a tunnel oven, a rotary drum, in fluidized t
  • the granules have a diameter much greater than the specification. It will then be advisable to f) pass them through a grid known as a "gra ⁇ ulator", the perforations of which are calibrated for recover the granules in the desired tightened granuiomét ⁇ que cut, and g) sift in order to best select the granulomét ⁇ e granules desired. It is possible that the granules have a suitable diameter but an undesirable shape.
  • the granules are introduced into a granulation apparatus (rotary plate rotating drum) having the role of rounding the granules
  • a granulation apparatus rotary plate rotating drum
  • the granules whose diameter is between 2 mm and 6.3 mm (preferably 2 to 4 mm) are dried, and if necessary, possibly sieved
  • the granulation can take place directly in the granulation apparatus (turntable, rotary drum)
  • the different stages then consist in a) bringing the absorbent agent, the silica, into contact with the
  • This variant is particularly suitable when the (co) polymer is brought into contact in the form of a solution. It should be noted that in the case where the (co) polymer is used in powdery solid form the residence time in l granulator is longer, so as to achieve a good homogenization of the mixture
  • stages of this second variant of the wet process consist in e) drying said granules, and f) sieving in order to best select the granules of desired particle size.
  • the different stages of this type of process consist in a) bringing the absorbent agent into contact, the silica and the (co) polymer, the latter being able to be in the form of a powder or a solution b) homogenizing this mixture , c) introducing the water by spraying, d) introducing the mixture thus prehumidified into a press more particularly of the perforated roller press type, that is to say one of the rollers of which is perforated and the other not, the rollers rotating in opposite directions with respect to each other, e) cut the extrudates formed in step (d) to the desired length, using a knife fixed inside the perforated roller, and f) dry.
  • a sieving step can possibly be envisaged after drying if we want to further refine the gra ⁇ ulomét ⁇ e
  • the different steps according to this type of process consist of a) bringing the absorbent agent, the silica into contact with the (co) polymer, the latter possibly being in solid form or in the form of a solution b) homogenizing this mixture, c) introducing a quantity of water by spraying so a that the mixture obtained at the end of step (b) retains its powdery appearance (0.05 ⁇ Rm ⁇ 0.2), d) introducing the mixture (c) between the rollers of a compactor (for example of the Komarek or Alexanderwerk type) at a pressure of the order of 200 105 p a , and preferably between 150 105 Pa and 180 105 Pa, the rollers turning in opposite directions with respect to each other
  • Step a) may in particular have had for example in a mixer-granulator, more particularly of the Lodige or Drais type
  • the total amount of water introduced is such that it satisfies the condition relating to the specific wetting ratio of the dry process
  • Wafers of different lengths are obtained, the shape of which depends on the corrugations existing on the rollers, for example wafer frets
  • the following steps consist in e) drying the wafers formed in (d), f) grinding by means of a grid said granulator, the perforations of which are calibrated to recover the tight particle size section and g) sieving, in order to select granules of desired particle size.
  • composition according to the invention comprises a mixture of materials (I) and (II), then the granulation of each of the materials is carried out independently of one another
  • the granulation of the materials (I) and (II) according to the methods described can be optionally facilitated by the use of water added with alkali metal silicate
  • the absorbent agent used preferably has a particle size of between 10 and 200 ⁇ m.
  • the absorbent agent can be if necessary, previously ground in any type of suitable device, such as pin mills. , with balls, with hammers so as to reach the gra ⁇ ulomét ⁇ e indicated above
  • suitable device such as pin mills.
  • balls with hammers so as to reach the gra ⁇ ulomét ⁇ e indicated above
  • two types of process can be implemented
  • the introduction of the dye preferably, after the drying and / or optionally sieving step, in any of the processes
  • the peeling operation can be carried out by spraying an aqueous solution the concentration of which is from 0 01 to 0.1% by weight of dye, in sufficient quantity so as to obtain 0.005-0.05% by weight of dye. in the colored composition This range is given by way of illustration, the final dye content depending on the coloring capacity of the product and on the desired coloring intensity
  • the introduction of the dye has simultaneously with the granulation. More particularly, said dye is introduced with the granulation water. Preferably, the granulation is carried out with an aqueous solution of dye.
  • the coloring operation takes place with amounts of dye such that, by way of illustration, the order of 0.005 to 0.05% by weight of dye in the colored composition is obtained.
  • An optional sieving can be carried out to recover the granules of the desired particle size
  • the water can be replaced by sihcatee water.
  • the dry silicate content expressed relative to the finished granule, will then be between 0.5% and 5% by weight.
  • the granules which are rounded in shape with a diameter of between 2 mm and 6.3 mm are recovered, then dried at a temperature of the order of 120 ° C.
  • granules can be transferred to a turntable to be dandruff by a colored solution, possibly with antibacterial properties.
  • This dye which may be malachite green, is dissolved at 0.1% w / v. II is sprayed at a rate of 0 , 5 liters of solution for 1 kg of granules It is imperative to carry out a new drying of granules after coloring
  • the granules can be colored as described in Example 2.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a multifunction animal litter composition and the method for producing it. The composition consists of: a material (I) comprising: at least a mineral and/or organic absorbing agent (A1); at least a silica (S1); at least an organic (co)polymer (P1); the weight ratio (S1)/(P1) being not less than 1; or a material (II) comprising: at least a mineral and/or organic absorbing agent (A2); at least a silica (S2); at least an organic (co)polymer (P2); the weight ratio (S2)/(P2) being not less than 1; or their mixtures.

Description

Composition de Litière pour animaux et son procédé d'obtentionLitter composition for animals and process for obtaining it
La présente invention a pour objet une composition multifonctionnelle de litière pour animaux, et son procède d'obtentionThe subject of the present invention is a multifunctional composition of animal litter, and its process for obtaining
Cette composition à base d'au moins un matériau (I) ou (II) comprend au moins un agent absorbant minerai et/ou organique au moins une silice, et au moins un (co)polymère organique, le rapport pondéral de la silice au (co)pσlymère se situant dans une gamme particulièreThis composition based on at least one material (I) or (II) comprises at least one ore and / or organic absorbing agent at least one silica, and at least one organic (co) polymer, the weight ratio of silica to (co) pσlymère lying in a particular range
L'un au moins des matériaux (I) ou (II) peut comprendre en outre au moins un composé de nature à conférer à la composition au moins une fonctionnalité supplémentaire, tel qu'un agent oxydant, un agent antibacteπen et/ou un colorantAt least one of the materials (I) or (II) may also comprise at least one compound capable of giving the composition at least one additional functionality, such as an oxidizing agent, an antibacterial agent and / or a dye.
Les propriétés principales habituellement recherchées dans les litières pour animaux sont le pouvoir absorbant la densité des granulés la tenue mécanique après absorption de liquide, la fixation et/ou la destruction des mauvaises odeurs.The main properties usually sought in animal bedding are the power to absorb the density of the granules, the mechanical strength after absorption of liquid, the fixing and / or the destruction of bad odors.
D'autres propriétés qui sont importantes dans le choix d'une litière sont la couleur, l'absence de poussières, la forme et la taille des granulésOther properties that are important in choosing a litter are the color, the absence of dust, the shape and size of the granules
La présente invention est ainsi relative à une composition multifonctionnelle de litière pour animaux présentant un pouvoir absorbant nettement supérieur, une bonne tenue mécanique non altérée après imprégnation de liquide, et une excellente résistance à l'attπtionThe present invention thus relates to a multifunctional composition of litter for animals having a significantly higher absorbent capacity, good mechanical strength not altered after impregnation of liquid, and excellent resistance to attack.
D'autres caractéristiques de ladite composition sont la destruction des mauvaises odeurs de manière efficace et durable, et le contrôle de la prolifération bactérienne après contamination de la composition La présente invention concerne également des procédés simples d'obtention de ladite composition.Other characteristics of said composition are the destruction of bad odors in an effective and lasting manner, and the control of bacterial proliferation after contamination of the composition. The present invention also relates to simple methods for obtaining said composition.
D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description et des exemples concrets qui vont suivre Ainsi, un premier objet de l'invention est une composition comportant un matériau (I), ou un matériau (II) ou leurs mélangesOther advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the description and the concrete examples which will follow. Thus, a first object of the invention is a composition comprising a material (I), or a material (II ) or their mixtures
Le matériau (I) comprendThe material (I) includes
- au moins un agent absorbant minéral et/ou organique (A1 )- at least one mineral and / or organic absorbing agent (A1)
- au moins une silice (S1 ), et - au moins un (co)polymère organique (P1 )- at least one silica (S1), and - at least one organic (co) polymer (P1)
- le rapport pondéral (S1 )/(P1 ) étant supérieur ou égal a 1 Le matériau (II) comprend- the weight ratio (S1) / (P1) being greater than or equal to 1 The material (II) comprises
- au moins un agent absorbant minéral et/ou organique (A2), - au moins une silice (S2), et- at least one mineral and / or organic absorbent agent (A2), - at least one silica (S2), and
- au moins un (co)polymère organique (P2)- at least one organic (co) polymer (P2)
- le rapport pondéral (S2)/(P2) étant supérieur ou égal à 1- the weight ratio (S2) / (P2) being greater than or equal to 1
Il est à noter que dans la composition de l'invention, la présence du couple sιlιce-(co)polymère organique est essentielle pour obtenir une bonne tenue mécanique non altérée après imprégnation de liquide, et une excellente résistance à l'attrition La silice a en effet un rôle essentiel de texturant du mélange assurant une liaison efficace entre l'agent absorbant et le (co)polymere En outre, la composition selon l'invention peut être mise en forme par des moyens ne nécessitant pas l'emploi de pressions élevées si une extrusion est envisagée, du fait de la très bonne cohésion du matériau formant chacune des particulesIt should be noted that in the composition of the invention, the presence of the organic sιlιce- (co) polymer couple is essential in order to obtain good mechanical strength, not deteriorated after impregnation of liquid, and excellent resistance to attrition. indeed an essential role of texturing of the mixture ensuring an effective bond between the absorbent agent and the (co) polymer In addition, the composition according to the invention can be shaped by means not requiring the use of high pressures if an extrusion is planned, due to the very good cohesion of the material forming each of the particles
L'un au moins des matériaux (I) ou (II) peut comprendre, en outre au moins un composé de nature à conférer à la composition, au moins une fonctionnalité supplémentaire à la composition, telle que l'absorption la prolifération des micro-organismes, le contrôle ou le traitement des mauvaises odeurs, et l'aspect visuel.At least one of the materials (I) or (II) may further comprise at least one compound capable of imparting to the composition, at least one additional functionality to the composition, such as absorption, proliferation of micro- organisms, odor control or treatment, and the visual aspect.
La composition selon l'invention, est caractérisée en ce que les agents absorbants minéral et/ou organique (A1 ) et/ou (A2), semblables ou différents, sont de préférence un agent minéral comprenant au moins une argileThe composition according to the invention, is characterized in that the mineral and / or organic absorbent agents (A1) and / or (A2), similar or different, are preferably a mineral agent comprising at least one clay
L'argile peut être choisie parmi les palygorskites tels que l'attapulgite, les montmoπllonites tels que la bentonite et la smectite, la sépio te, leur mélange ou les mélanges les contenantThe clay can be chosen from palygorskites such as attapulgite, montmoπllonites such as bentonite and smectite, sepio te, their mixture or mixtures containing them
Les silices (S1 ) et/ou (S2) qui semblables ou différentes sont en général choisies parmi les silices pyrogénées et/ou de précipitation, de préférence des silices de précipitationSilicas (S1) and / or (S2) which are similar or different are generally chosen from pyrogenic and / or precipitation silicas, preferably precipitation silicas.
Par silice de précipitation, on entend ICI une silice obtenue par précipitation à partir de la réaction d'un silicate alcalin avec un acide, en général inorganique à un pH adéquat du milieu de précipitation, en particulier un pH basique, neutre ou peu acide , le mode de préparation de la silice peut être ICI quelconque (addition d'acide sur un pied de cuve de silicate, addition simultanée totale ou partielle d'acide et de silicate sur un pied de cuve d'eau ou de solution de silicate, etc ) et est choisi en fonction du type de silice que l'on souhaite obtenir Après filtratioπ par toute méthode convenable, on récupère un gâteau de silice qui est lavé à l'eau puis séché par tout moyen connu en soi De préférence le séchage se fait par atomisation A l'issue du séchage, on peut procéder a une étape de broyage avec le produit récupéréBy precipitation silica is meant HERE a silica obtained by precipitation from the reaction of an alkali silicate with an acid, generally inorganic at an adequate pH of the precipitation medium, in particular a basic pH, neutral or slightly acid, the mode of preparation of the silica can be HERE arbitrary (addition of acid on a silicate base stock, simultaneous total or partial addition of acid and silicate on a base stock of water or silicate solution, etc. ) and is chosen according to the type of silica that one wishes to obtain After filtrating by any suitable method, a silica cake is recovered which is washed with water and then dried by any means known per se Preferably the drying is done by atomization After drying, a grinding step can be carried out with the recovered product.
Les silices précipitées utilisées dans la présente invention possèdent préférentiellement une surface spécifique BET d'au moins 40 rri2/g notamment comprise entre 50 m2/g et 400 m2/g, par exemple entre 60 m2/g et 350 m2/gThe precipitated silicas used in the present invention preferably have a BET specific surface of at least 40 rri2 / g in particular between 50 m2 / g and 400 m2 / g, for example between 60 m2 / g and 350 m2 / g
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier cette surface spécifique BET est comprise entre 120 rr)2/g et 300 rτi2/gAccording to a particular embodiment, this BET specific surface is between 120 rr) 2 / g and 300 rτi2 / g
La surface spécifique est déterminée selon la méthode de BRUNAUER - EMMET- TELLER décrite dans le Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol 60, page 309, 1938 et correspondant à la norme NFT 45007 (novembre 1987)The specific surface is determined according to the BRUNAUER - EMMET-TELLER method described in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol 60, page 309, 1938 and corresponding to standard NFT 45007 (November 1987)
De même, les silices précipitées selon l'invention possèdent une prise d'huile DOP généralement comprise entre 100 ml/100 g et 400 ml/100 g plus particulièrement entre 110 ml/100 g et 380 ml/100 g, par exemple entre 300 ml/100 g et 370 ml/100 gSimilarly, the precipitated silicas according to the invention have a DOP oil intake generally between 100 ml / 100 g and 400 ml / 100 g more particularly between 110 ml / 100 g and 380 ml / 100 g, for example between 300 ml / 100 g and 370 ml / 100 g
La prise d'huile est déterminée selon la norme NFT 30-022 (mars 1953) en mettant en oeuvre le dioctylphtalateThe oil uptake is determined according to standard NFT 30-022 (March 1953) using dioctylphthalate
Le pH des silices de précipitation selon l'invention est en gênerai d'au moins 4, et par exemple entre 5 et 8, notamment entre 6,5 et 7 5The pH of the precipitation silicas according to the invention is generally at least 4, and for example between 5 and 8, in particular between 6.5 and 7 5
On ne sortira pas du cadre de l'invention, si la silice est partiellement remplacée par du talc ou un talcoide, et/ou de la craieIt will not depart from the scope of the invention, if the silica is partially replaced by talc or a talcoide, and / or chalk
Les (co)polymères organiques jouent essentiellement le rôle de liant, assurant la cohésion de la composition Ils confèrent à la composition de litière, en association avec les silices telles que décrites ci-dessus, un excellent compromis entre leurs différentes propriétés mécaniques, et notamment une amélioration significative de leur texture et une très bonne tenue mécanique après- absorption qui ne sont obtenues en l'absence de l'un de ses éléments Ces (co)polymères peuvent, en outre, être de bons rétenteurs d'eau Dans ce cas l'absorptivité de la composition est, en général, sensiblement augmentéeThe organic (co) polymers essentially play the role of binder, ensuring the cohesion of the composition. They give the litter composition, in combination with the silicas as described above, an excellent compromise between their different mechanical properties, and in particular a significant improvement in their texture and very good mechanical strength after absorption which are not obtained in the absence of one of its elements These (co) polymers can, moreover, be good water retenters In this case the absorbency of the composition is, in general, appreciably increased
Les (co)polymères organiques (P1 ) et/ou (P2) semblables ou différents, sont généralement, choisis parmi un polyol, de préférence le polyéthylène glycol ou l'alcool polyvmy que, un polyamide éventuellement modifié, notamment le polyacrylamide, leur mélange ou les mélanges les contenantThe organic (co) polymers (P1) and / or (P2) which are similar or different, are generally chosen from a polyol, preferably polyethylene glycol or polyvinyl alcohol, an optionally modified polyamide, in particular polyacrylamide, their mixture or the mixtures containing them
Selon une première variante de la présente invention la composition selon l'invention comporte au moins un matériau (I) comprenant - entre 50 % et 90 % en poids d'agent absorbant minerai (A1 ) de préférence environ 75 % en poids,According to a first variant of the present invention, the composition according to the invention comprises at least one material (I) comprising between 50% and 90% by weight of ore absorbing agent (A1) preferably around 75% by weight,
- entre 5 % et 45 % en poids de silice (S1 ) de préférence environ 20 % en poids, - entre 1 % et 10 % en poids de (co)polymère organique (P1 ) de préférence environ 5 % en poids, par rapport au poids total de du matériau (I)- between 5% and 45% by weight of silica (S1) preferably around 20% by weight, - between 1% and 10% by weight of organic (co) polymer (P1) preferably around 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the material (I)
- le rapport pondéral (S1 )/(P1 ) étant supérieur ou égal à 1- the weight ratio (S1) / (P1) being greater than or equal to 1
Un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention est constitue par une composition comprenant au moins un matériau (I) présentant au moins 50 % en poids de bentonite, par rapport au poids total de la composition Par conséquent l'agent absorbant (A1 ) est constitué principalement, voire totalement de bentoπite De préférence, il s'agit de bentonite de calciumA preferred embodiment of the invention is constituted by a composition comprising at least one material (I) having at least 50% by weight of bentonite, relative to the total weight of the composition Consequently the absorbent agent (A1) is consisting mainly, or even completely of bentoπite Preferably, it is calcium bentonite
L'intérêt de la bentonite, et plus spécialement la bentonite de calcium, réside dans sa couleur naturellement blanche , couleur qui dans l'esprit du consommateur est associée à la notion de pureté et de propretéThe interest of bentonite, and more particularly calcium bentonite, lies in its naturally white color, a color which in the mind of the consumer is associated with the notion of purity and cleanliness.
Selon ce mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention le rapport pondéral (S1 )/(P1 ) est plus particulièrement supérieur ou égal à 3 De manière encore plus particulière, ledit rapport pondéral est compris entre 3 et 5 bornes incluses Selon une seconde variante de la présente invention la composition selon l'invention comporte au moins un matériau (II) comprenantAccording to this preferred embodiment of the invention, the weight ratio (S1) / (P1) is more particularly greater than or equal to 3. Even more particularly, said weight ratio is between 3 and 5 limits inclusive. According to a second variant of the present invention the composition according to the invention comprises at least one material (II) comprising
- entre 80 et 99 %, plus particulièrement entre 85 et 95 %, en poids d'agent absorbant minéral et/ou organique (A2), et de préférence 95 % en poids- between 80 and 99%, more particularly between 85 and 95%, by weight of mineral and / or organic absorbing agent (A2), and preferably 95% by weight
- entre 0,5 et 15 %, plus particulièrement entre 2 et 6 %, en poids de silice (S2), et de préférence 2,5 % en poids,between 0.5 and 15%, more particularly between 2 and 6%, by weight of silica (S2), and preferably 2.5% by weight,
- entre 0,5 et 6 %, plus particulièrement entre 2 et 6 %, en poids de (co)ρolymère organique (P2), et de préférence 2,5 % en poids,between 0.5 and 6%, more particularly between 2 and 6%, by weight of organic (co) ρolymer (P2), and preferably 2.5% by weight,
- le rapport pondéral (S2)/(P2) étant supérieur ou égal à 1- the weight ratio (S2) / (P2) being greater than or equal to 1
Un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention est constitué par une composition comprenant un matériau (II) présentant au moins 80 % en poids d'attapulgite, par rapport au poids total de la composition En d'autres termes l'agent absorbant (A2) est constitué principalement, voire totalement d'attapulgiteA preferred embodiment of the invention consists of a composition comprising a material (II) having at least 80% by weight of attapulgite, relative to the total weight of the composition In other words the absorbent agent (A2 ) consists mainly, if not entirely, of attapulgite
Selon ce mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, le rapport pondéral (S2)/(P2) est plus particulièrement compris entre 1 et 3, bornes incluses Une troisième variante de la présente invention est constituée par un mélange des deux matériaux (I) et (II) précités tels qu'ils viennent d'être décritsAccording to this preferred embodiment of the invention, the weight ratio (S2) / (P2) is more particularly between 1 and 3, limits included A third variant of the present invention consists of a mixture of the two materials (I) and (II) above mentioned as they have just been described.
La composition selon l'invention, et plus particulièrement l'un et/ou l'autre des matériaux (I) et (II), peut en outre comprendre au moins un compose lui conférant au moins une fonctionnalité supplémentaireThe composition according to the invention, and more particularly one and / or the other of the materials (I) and (II), can also comprise at least one compound giving it at least one additional functionality
Ainsi, ledit composé est de nature à conférer à la composition des propriétés d'absorption, de contrôle de la prolifération des micro-organismes de contrôle ou de traitement des mauvaises odeurs et/ou visuelles La composition selon l'invention peut donc comprendre au moins un agent oxydant Tout agent oxydant capable de libérer de l'oxygène et/ou des molécules oxygénées conviennent dans le cadre de l'inventionThus, said compound is such as to confer on the composition absorption properties, for controlling the proliferation of microorganisms for controlling or treating bad odors and / or visuals. The composition according to the invention can therefore comprise at least an oxidizing agent Any oxidizing agent capable of releasing oxygen and / or oxygenated molecules are suitable in the context of the invention
L'agent oxydant peut être choisi parmi les persulfates les hypochlontes , les percarbonates, et les perborates, de métaux alcalins tels que le sodium ou le potassium, ou de métaux alcalino-terreux tels que le calcium ou le magnésium A titre d'exemple, on peut citer les oxydants les plus couramment utilisés tels que Na2S2θs, NaB03 4H2O, NaCIO, Ca(CIO)2, 2Na2Cθ3,H2θ2The oxidizing agent can be chosen from persulfates, hypochlontes, percarbonates, and perborates, of alkali metals such as sodium or potassium, or of alkaline earth metals such as calcium or magnesium. For example, the most commonly used oxidants such as Na2S2θs, NaB03 4H2O, NaCIO, Ca (CIO) 2, 2Na2Cθ3, H2θ2
Ladite composition est également caractérisée en ce que l'un au moins des matériaux (I) et/ou (II) comprend entre 0 % à 15 % en poids d'oxydant de préférence environ 10 % en poids, par rapport au poids total du matériau le comprenantSaid composition is also characterized in that at least one of the materials (I) and / or (II) comprises between 0% to 15% by weight of oxidant, preferably approximately 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the material comprising it
La composition selon l'invention, soit l'un et/ou l'autres des matériaux (I) et (II), peut aussi comprendre un agent antibactérien capable de contrôler la prolifération des micro-organismes Parmi les agents antibactériens on peut citer les halogénodiphényl éthers éventuellement substitués comme par exemple le 5-chloro-2-(2 4- dichlorophénoxy) phénol, les N-halogénophényl benzamides éventuellement substitués comme par exemple le 3,5-dιchloro-N-(3,4-dιchlorophenyl)-2- hydroxybenzamide, et les dérivés aromatiques halogènes éventuellement substitués de l'urée comme par exemple la N-(4-chlorophényl)-N'-[4-chloro-3- (trιfluorométhyl)phényl] urée L'agent antibactérien préféré est le 5-chloro-2-(2 4- dichlorophénoxy) phénolThe composition according to the invention, either one and / or the other of the materials (I) and (II), can also comprise an antibacterial agent capable of controlling the proliferation of microorganisms. Among the antibacterial agents, mention may be made of: optionally substituted halodiphenyl ethers such as for example 5-chloro-2- (2 4-dichlorophenoxy) phenol, optionally substituted N-halophenyl benzamides such as for example 3,5-dιchloro-N- (3,4-dιchlorophenyl) -2 - hydroxybenzamide, and optionally substituted halogenated aromatic derivatives of urea such as, for example, N- (4-chlorophenyl) -N '- [4-chloro-3- (trιfluoromethyl) phenyl] urea The preferred antibacterial agent is 5 -chloro-2- (2 4- dichlorophenoxy) phenol
La composition selon l'invention peut comprendre de même un colorant Ce colorant peut se trouver dans chaque grain de la composition ou bien seulement dans une partie d'entre eux Selon cette possibilité, on introduit le colorant dans 1/5 de la totalité des grains de la composition, de manière à obtenir un effet visuel satisfaisant Il est à noter que toutes les combinaisons sont possibles Cependant, si la composition est à base d'un mélange les grains colores sont de préférence obtenus à partir d'un matériau dont la couleur n'est pas le blancThe composition according to the invention can likewise comprise a dye. This dye can be found in each grain of the composition or else only in a part of them. According to this possibility, the dye is introduced into 1/5 of all the grains of the composition, so as to obtain a satisfactory visual effect It should be noted that all combinations are possible However, if the composition is based on a mixture the colored grains are preferably obtained from a material whose color is not white
Selon un mode de réalisation particulièrement avantageux le colorant mis en oeuvre présente également une action antibactenenne Parmi les colorants rentrant dans cette catégorie, on peut citer en particulier le vert malachiteAccording to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the dye used also has an antibacterial action. Among the dyes falling into this category, there may be mentioned in particular malachite green
La composition selon l'invention est avantageusement sous forme de granulés arrondis, avec un diamètre compris entre 0,5 mm et 6,3 mm De préférence, les granulés arrondis présentent un diamètre compris entre 2 et 4 mmThe composition according to the invention is advantageously in the form of rounded granules, with a diameter between 0.5 mm and 6.3 mm. Preferably, the rounded granules have a diameter between 2 and 4 mm.
Le procédé de mise en forme de la composition est généralement caractérisé en ce que la granulation des matériaux (I) et/ou (II), indépendamment l'un de l'autre, est réalisée par voie humide, semi-humide, ou sèche Ces trois types de procédés peuvent être mis en oeuvre en continu ou en discontinu Ils se distinguent essentiellement par leur ratio de mouillage (Rm) Par ratio de mouillage (Rm), on entend la quantité d'eau utilisée par rapport à la quantité de solide à granuler Le Rm est égal à 1 lorsque 1 kg d'eau est utilisé pour granuler 1 kg de solide Par voie humide, on définit un procédé dans lequel le ratio de mouillage (Rm) nécessaire à la granulation est de 0,8 < Rm < 1 ,2The process for shaping the composition is generally characterized in that the granulation of the materials (I) and / or (II), independently of one another, is carried out by wet, semi-wet, or dry route These three types of process can be carried out continuously or batchwise. They are essentially distinguished by their wetting ratio (Rm). By wetting ratio (Rm) is meant the amount of water used relative to the amount of solid. to be granulated Rm is equal to 1 when 1 kg of water is used to granulate 1 kg of solid By wet process, a process is defined in which the wetting ratio (Rm) necessary for granulation is 0.8 <Rm <1, 2
Les différentes étapes de ce type de procédé consistent à a) mettre en contact l'agent absorbant, la silice avec le (co)polymère, ce dernier pouvant se trouver sous forme solide ou sous forme de solution , b) homogénéiser ce mélange , c) introduire l'eau par pulvérisation , d) granuler , et e) sécher les granulés arrondis dont le diamètre est compris entre 2 mm et 6,3 mmThe different stages of this type of process consist in a) bringing the absorbent agent, the silica into contact with the (co) polymer, the latter being able to be in solid form or in the form of a solution, b) homogenizing this mixture, c ) introduce the water by spraying, d) granulate, and e) dry the rounded granules whose diameter is between 2 mm and 6.3 mm
Dans le cas où l'on met en oeuvre le (co)polymère sous la forme d'une solution, de préférence aqueuse, celle-ci présente classiquement une concentration de 5 à 10 % en poids II est à noter que la quantité de solution de (co)polymère mise en oeuvre reste telle que le mélange résultant, comprenant l'agent absorbant, la silice et le (co)polymère, ne granule pas mais reste sous forme pulvérulente Cette quantité dépend entre autres de la nature de l'agent absorbant Cependant, à titre d'exemple, la quantité d'eau est telle que l'humidité du mélange est comprise entre 25 et 40% L'opération de granulation peut avoir lieu dans tout type d'appareillage approprié, comme les tambours rotatifs les plateaux tournants La quantité d'eau ajoutée est telle que l'humidité du mélange se situe aux environs de 50 % en poids Le séchage est effectué à des températures variant dans une large gamme selon la nature de l'argile En général, lorsque l'argile est de la bentonite la température de séchage ne peut pas aller au-delà de 75°C Avec l'attapulgite la température peut aller jusqu'à 120°CIn the case where the (co) polymer is used in the form of a solution, preferably aqueous, this conventionally has a concentration of 5 to 10% by weight. It should be noted that the amount of solution of (co) polymer used remains such that the resulting mixture, comprising the absorbent agent, the silica and the (co) polymer, does not granulate but remains in pulverulent form This quantity depends inter alia on the nature of the agent absorbent However, for example, the amount of water is such that the humidity of the mixture is between 25 and 40% The granulation operation can take place in any type of suitable apparatus, such as rotary drums and turntables. The amount of water added is such that the humidity of the mixture is around 50% by weight. The drying is carried out. at temperatures varying in a wide range according to the nature of the clay In general, when the clay is bentonite the drying temperature cannot go beyond 75 ° C. With attapulgite the temperature can go up to '' at 120 ° C
Le séchage du matériau granulé est généralement réalisé sous air de manière à atteindre, plus particulièrement un taux d'humidité résiduel inférieur ou égal à 10% Cette étape peut avoir lieu, par exemple, dans une étuve, un four tunnel, un tambour rotatif, en t fluidiséThe drying of the granulated material is generally carried out in air so as to reach, more particularly a residual humidity rate of less than or equal to 10% This step can take place, for example, in an oven, a tunnel oven, a rotary drum, in fluidized t
Il est possible qu'à l'issue de l'étape de séchage, les granulés aient un diamètre nettement supérieur à la spécification II conviendra alors de f) les passer au travers d'une grille dite "graπulateur" dont les perforations sont calibrées pour récupérer les granulés dans la coupe granuiométπque resserrée voulue , et g) tamiser afin de sélectionner au mieux les granulés de granulométπe souhaitée. II est possible que les granulés aient un diamètre convenable mais une forme indésirable Dans ce cas, à l'issue de l'étape de granulation les granulés sont introduits dans un appareil de granulation (plateau tournant tambour rotatif) ayant pour rôle d'arrondir les granulés A la sortie, les granulés dont le diamètre est compris entre 2 mm et 6,3 mm (de préférence 2 à 4 mm) sont séchés, et si nécessaire, éventuellement tamisésIt is possible that at the end of the drying step, the granules have a diameter much greater than the specification. It will then be advisable to f) pass them through a grid known as a "graπulator", the perforations of which are calibrated for recover the granules in the desired tightened granuiométπque cut, and g) sift in order to best select the granulométπe granules desired. It is possible that the granules have a suitable diameter but an undesirable shape. In this case, at the end of the granulation step, the granules are introduced into a granulation apparatus (rotary plate rotating drum) having the role of rounding the granules At the outlet, the granules whose diameter is between 2 mm and 6.3 mm (preferably 2 to 4 mm) are dried, and if necessary, possibly sieved
Dans une autre variante du procédé par voie humide selon l'invention, la granulation peut avoir lieu directement dans l'appareil de granulation (plateau tournant, tambour rotatif)In another variant of the wet process according to the invention, the granulation can take place directly in the granulation apparatus (turntable, rotary drum)
Les différentes étapes consistent alors à a) mettre en contact l'agent absorbant, la silice, avec leThe different stages then consist in a) bringing the absorbent agent, the silica, into contact with the
(co)polymère, ce dernier pouvant se trouver sous forme solide ou sous forme de solution, dans un appareillage de granulation , b) homogénéiser ce mélange , c) introduire l'eau par pulvérisation , et d) granuler(co) polymer, the latter possibly being in solid form or in the form of a solution, in a granulation apparatus, b) homogenizing this mixture, c) introducing water by spraying, and d) granulating
Les paramètres de cette mise en forme sont définis principalement en fonction de la cible graπulométπque Ce procède a des propriétés et des avantages de sélection granulométπque, qui limitent les équipements de tamisageThe parameters of this formatting are defined mainly according to the graπulométπque target This process has properties and advantages of particle size selection, which limit sieving equipment
Cette variante est particulièrement appropriée lorsque le (co)polymère est mis en contact sous la forme d'une solution II est a noter que dans le cas ou le (co)polymère est mis en oeuvre sous forme solide pulvérulente le temps de séjour dans l'appareil de granulation est plus longue, de manière a atteindre une bonne homogénéisation du mélangeThis variant is particularly suitable when the (co) polymer is brought into contact in the form of a solution. It should be noted that in the case where the (co) polymer is used in powdery solid form the residence time in l granulator is longer, so as to achieve a good homogenization of the mixture
Les étapes suivantes de cette seconde variante du procédé par voie humide consistent à e) sécher lesdits granulés , et f) tamiser afin de sélectionner au mieux les granulés de granulométπe souhaitée.The following stages of this second variant of the wet process consist in e) drying said granules, and f) sieving in order to best select the granules of desired particle size.
Un autre type de procédé de mise en forme est la granulation par voie semi-humide Par voie semi-humide, on définit un procédé dans lequel le ratio de mouillage (Rm) nécessaire à la granulation est de 0,4 < Rm < 0,8Another type of shaping process is semi-wet granulation. By semi-wet process, we define a process in which the wetting ratio (Rm) necessary for granulation is 0.4 <Rm <0, 8
Les différentes étapes de ce type de procédé consistent à a) mettre en contact l'agent absorbant, la silice et le (co)polymere ce dernier pouvant se trouver sous la forme d'une poudre ou d'une solution b) homogénéiser ce mélange , c) introduire l'eau par pulvérisation , d) introduire le mélange ainsi préhumidifié dans une presse plus particulièrement de type presse à rouleaux perforé, c'est-à-dire dont l'un des rouleaux est perforé et l'autre pas, les rouleaux tournant en sens inverse l'un par rapport à l'autre , e) couper les extrudés formés dans l'étape (d) à la longueur souhaitée, au moyen d'un couteau fixé à l'intérieur du rouleau perforé , et f) sécher.The different stages of this type of process consist in a) bringing the absorbent agent into contact, the silica and the (co) polymer, the latter being able to be in the form of a powder or a solution b) homogenizing this mixture , c) introducing the water by spraying, d) introducing the mixture thus prehumidified into a press more particularly of the perforated roller press type, that is to say one of the rollers of which is perforated and the other not, the rollers rotating in opposite directions with respect to each other, e) cut the extrudates formed in step (d) to the desired length, using a knife fixed inside the perforated roller, and f) dry.
Ce qui été dit auparavant à propos de la voie humide reste valable dans le cas de la variante par voie semi-humide et ne sera donc pas repris dans cette partie, excepté le fait que l'eau totale introduite est telle qu'elle satisfait la condition portant sur le ratio de mouillage spécifique du procédé de type semi- humideWhat has been said before about the wet route remains valid in the case of the semi-wet variant and will therefore not be repeated in this part, except that the total water introduced is such that it satisfies the condition relating to the specific wetting ratio of the semi-wet type process
Une étape de tamisage peut être éventuellement envisagée après le séchage si on veut affiner davantage la graπulométπe Par voie sèche, on désigne plus particulièrement un procédé caractérisé par un ratio de mouillage (Rm) de 0,05 < Rm < 0,2 Les différentes étapes selon ce type de procédé consistent à a) mettre en contact l'agent absorbant, la silice avec le (co)polymère, ce dernier pouvant se trouver sous forme solide ou sous forme de solution b) homogénéiser ce mélange , c) introduire une quantité d'eau par pulvérisation de manière a ce que le mélange obtenu à l'issue de l'étape (b) conserve son aspect de poudre (0,05 < Rm < 0,2) , d) introduire le mélange (c) entre les rouleaux d'une compacteuse (par exemple de type Komarek ou Alexanderwerk) à une pression de l'ordre de 200 105 pa, et de préférence entre 150 105 Pa et 180 105 Pa, les rouleaux tournant en sens inverse l'un par rapport à l'autreA sieving step can possibly be envisaged after drying if we want to further refine the graπulométπe By dry process, we more particularly designate a process characterized by a wetting ratio (Rm) of 0.05 <Rm <0.2 The different steps according to this type of process consist of a) bringing the absorbent agent, the silica into contact with the (co) polymer, the latter possibly being in solid form or in the form of a solution b) homogenizing this mixture, c) introducing a quantity of water by spraying so a that the mixture obtained at the end of step (b) retains its powdery appearance (0.05 <Rm <0.2), d) introducing the mixture (c) between the rollers of a compactor ( for example of the Komarek or Alexanderwerk type) at a pressure of the order of 200 105 p a , and preferably between 150 105 Pa and 180 105 Pa, the rollers turning in opposite directions with respect to each other
L'étape a) peut notamment avoir eu par exemple dans un mélangeur-granulateur, plus particulièrement de type Lodige ou DraisStep a) may in particular have had for example in a mixer-granulator, more particularly of the Lodige or Drais type
Notons que la quantité d'eau totale introduite est telle qu'elle satisfait la condition portant sur le ratio de mouillage spécifique du procédé voie sècheNote that the total amount of water introduced is such that it satisfies the condition relating to the specific wetting ratio of the dry process
On obtient des plaquettes de différentes longueurs dont la forme est fonction des corrugations existantes sur les rouleaux, par exemple des frettes a plaquettes Les étapes suivantes consistent à e) sécher les plaquettes formées en (d) , f) broyer au moyen d'une grille dite granulateur, dont les perforations sont calibrées pour récupérer la coupe granulométπque resserrée et g) tamiser, afin de sélectionner des granulés de granulometπe souhaitée.Wafers of different lengths are obtained, the shape of which depends on the corrugations existing on the rollers, for example wafer frets The following steps consist in e) drying the wafers formed in (d), f) grinding by means of a grid said granulator, the perforations of which are calibrated to recover the tight particle size section and g) sieving, in order to select granules of desired particle size.
Il est fait remarquer que si la composition selon l'invention comprend un mélange de matériaux (I) et (II), alors on effectue la granulation de chacun des matériaux indépendamment l'un de l'autre La granulation des matériaux (I) et (II) selon les procédés décrits peut être éventuellement facilitée par l'utilisation d'eau additionnée de silicate de métal alcalinIt is pointed out that if the composition according to the invention comprises a mixture of materials (I) and (II), then the granulation of each of the materials is carried out independently of one another The granulation of the materials (I) and (II) according to the methods described can be optionally facilitated by the use of water added with alkali metal silicate
Il est aussi fait remarquer que l'agent absorbant mis en oeuvre présente de préférence une granulométπe comprise entre 10 et 200 μm Ainsi l'agent absorbant peut être si nécessaire, préalablement broyé dans tout type d'appareil approprié, tel que des broyeurs à broches, à boulets, à marteaux de manière à atteindre la graπulométπe indiquée ci-dessus Dans le cas où la composition selon l'invention présente des grains colorés, deux types de procédés peuvent être mis en oeuvreIt is also pointed out that the absorbent agent used preferably has a particle size of between 10 and 200 μm. Thus the absorbent agent can be if necessary, previously ground in any type of suitable device, such as pin mills. , with balls, with hammers so as to reach the graπulométπe indicated above In the case where the composition according to the invention has colored grains, two types of process can be implemented
Selon une première possibilité, que l'on peut qualifier de "pel culage", l'introduction du colorant a heu de préférence, a l'issue de l'étape de séchage et/ou éventuellement de tamisage, dans l'un quelconque des procédésAccording to a first possibility, which can be described as "fluffing", the introduction of the dye preferably, after the drying and / or optionally sieving step, in any of the processes
L'opération de pelhculage peut être mise en oeuvre par pulvérisation d'une solution aqueuse dont la concentration est de 0 01 à 0, 1 % en poids de colorant, en quantité suffisante de manière à obtenir 0,005 à 0 05 % en poids de colorant dans la composition colorée Cette gamme est donnée a titre d'illustration , la teneur finale en colorant dépendant de la capacité de coloration du produit et de l'intensité de coloration souhaitéeThe peeling operation can be carried out by spraying an aqueous solution the concentration of which is from 0 01 to 0.1% by weight of dye, in sufficient quantity so as to obtain 0.005-0.05% by weight of dye. in the colored composition This range is given by way of illustration, the final dye content depending on the coloring capacity of the product and on the desired coloring intensity
Selon une seconde possibilité très avantageuse l'introduction du colorant a heu simultanément avec la granulation Plus particulièrement ledit colorant est introduit avec l'eau de granulation De préférence, on effectue la granulation avec une solution aqueuse de colorantAccording to a second very advantageous possibility, the introduction of the dye has simultaneously with the granulation. More particularly, said dye is introduced with the granulation water. Preferably, the granulation is carried out with an aqueous solution of dye.
Là encore, l'opération de coloration a heu avec des quantités de colorant telles que l'on obtient, à titre d'illustration, de l'ordre de 0,005 à 0,05 % en poids de colorant dans la composition coloréeHere again, the coloring operation takes place with amounts of dye such that, by way of illustration, the order of 0.005 to 0.05% by weight of dye in the colored composition is obtained.
Des exemples concrets mais non limitatifs de l'invention vont maintenant être présentésConcrete but nonlimiting examples of the invention will now be presented
Exemple 1Example 1
Dans un mélaπgeur-granulateur à socs de charrue Lodige de 5 litres, fonctionnant en discontinu, on introduit 630 g de bentonite de calcium, 202,5 g de silice de précipitation T38AB, et 67,5 g d'alcool polyvmy que630 g of calcium bentonite, 202.5 g of T38AB precipitation silica, and 67.5 g of polyvinyl alcohol are introduced into a 5 liter Lodige plow coulter-melter-granulator.
Ces trois poudres sont mélangées et homogénéisées pendant 10 min à 250 tours/minThese three powders are mixed and homogenized for 10 min at 250 rpm
738 g d'eau sont introduits par pulvérisation en 1 1 min L'ensemble est mélangé pendant 4 min Le ratio de mouillage est de 0,8738 g of water are introduced by spraying in 1 1 min The whole is mixed for 4 min The wetting ratio is 0.8
Les granulés qui sont de forme arrondie avec un diamètre compris entre 2 mm et 6,3 mm, sont récupérés, puis séchés à une température de l'ordre de 70°C à 75°CThe granules which are rounded in shape with a diameter of between 2 mm and 6.3 mm, are collected, then dried at a temperature of the order of 70 ° C to 75 ° C
Un tamisage éventuel peut être effectué pour récupérer les granulés de la granulométπe souhaitée Dans cet exemple, l'eau peut être remplacée par de l'eau sihcatee La teneur en silicate sec exprimé par rapport au granulé fini, sera alors comprise entre 0,5 % et 5 % en poidsAn optional sieving can be carried out to recover the granules of the desired particle size In this example, the water can be replaced by sihcatee water. The dry silicate content expressed relative to the finished granule, will then be between 0.5% and 5% by weight.
Exemple 2Example 2
Dans un mélangeur-granulateur à socs de charrue Lodige de 5 litres, fonctionnant en discontinu, on introduit 900 g d'un mélange contenant 855g d'attapulgite, 22,5 g de silice de précipitation T38AB, et 22 5 g d'alcool polyvmyhque900 g of a mixture containing 855 g of attapulgite, 22.5 g of T38AB precipitation silica, and 22 5 g of polyvinyl alcohol are introduced into a 5-liter batch-mixer with granulator of Lodige plowshares.
Ces trois poudres sont mélangées et homogénéisées pendant 10 minutes à 250 tours/mmThese three powders are mixed and homogenized for 10 minutes at 250 revolutions / mm
700 g d'eau additionnée par 53 g de silicate R 3,3 en solution, sont introduits par pulvérisation en 10 mm L'ensemble granulé est mélange pendant 5 min supplémentaires Le ratio de mouillage est d'environ 0,8700 g of water added with 53 g of silicate R 3.3 in solution, are introduced by spraying in 10 mm. The granulated assembly is mixed for an additional 5 min. The wetting ratio is approximately 0.8
Les granulés qui sont de forme arrondie avec un diamètre compris entre 2mm et 6,3 mm sont récupérés, puis séchés à une température de l'ordre de 120°CThe granules which are rounded in shape with a diameter of between 2 mm and 6.3 mm are recovered, then dried at a temperature of the order of 120 ° C.
Ces granulés peuvent être transférés dans un plateau tournant pour être pellicules par une solution colorée, éventuellement avec des propriétés antibactériennes Ce colorant qui peut être du vert malachite, est mis en solution à 0, 1 % p/v II est pulvérisé à raison de 0,5 litre de solution pour 1 kg de granulés II est impératif de procéder à un nouveau séchage de granulés après colorationThese granules can be transferred to a turntable to be dandruff by a colored solution, possibly with antibacterial properties. This dye, which may be malachite green, is dissolved at 0.1% w / v. II is sprayed at a rate of 0 , 5 liters of solution for 1 kg of granules It is imperative to carry out a new drying of granules after coloring
Exemple 3Example 3
Dans un mélangeur-granulateur à socs de charrue Lodige de 5 litres, fonctionnant en discontinu, on introduit 845 g d'attapulgite, 22,5 g de silice de précipitation T38AB, 22,5 g d'alcool polyvmyhque et 10 g de percarbonate de sodium845 g of attapulgite, 22.5 g of T38AB precipitation silica, 22.5 g of polyvinyl alcohol and 10 g of percarbonate are introduced into a 5 liter Lodige plow share mixer-granulator. sodium
Ces quatre poudres sont mélangées et homogénéisées pendant 10 mm à 250 tours/mmThese four powders are mixed and homogenized for 10 mm at 250 revolutions / mm
700 g d'eau additionnée par 53 g de silicate R 3,3 en solution sont introduits par pulvérisation en 10 mm L'ensemble, granulé, est mélange pendant 5 mm supplémentaires. Le ratio de mouillage est d'environ 0,8 Les granulés de forme arrondie, ayant un diamètre compris entre 2 et 6,3 mm sont récupérés puis séchés à une température ne dépassant pas 100°C.700 g of water added with 53 g of silicate R 3.3 in solution are introduced by spraying in 10 mm. The whole, granulated, is mixed for an additional 5 mm. The wetting ratio is around 0.8 The granules of rounded shape, having a diameter between 2 and 6.3 mm are collected and then dried at a temperature not exceeding 100 ° C.
Les granulés peuvent être colorés tels que décrit dans l'exemple 2. The granules can be colored as described in Example 2.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 Composition de litière pour animaux caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un matériau (I) comprenant1 litter composition for animals characterized in that it comprises a material (I) comprising
- au moins un agent absorbant minéral et/ou organique (A1 ),- at least one mineral and / or organic absorbent agent (A1),
- au moins une silice (S1 ), et- at least one silica (S1), and
- au moins un (co)polymère organique (P1 ),- at least one organic (co) polymer (P1),
- le rapport pondéral (S1 )/(P1 ) étant supérieur ou égal à 1 , ou un matériau (II) comprenantthe weight ratio (S1) / (P1) being greater than or equal to 1, or a material (II) comprising
- au moins un agent absorbant minéral et ou organique (A2),- at least one mineral and or organic absorbent agent (A2),
- au moins une silice (S2), et- at least one silica (S2), and
- au moins un (co)polymère organique (P2),- at least one organic (co) polymer (P2),
- le rapport pondéral (S2)/(P2) étant supérieur ou égal à 1 , ou leurs mélanges.- the weight ratio (S2) / (P2) being greater than or equal to 1, or their mixtures.
2. Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les agents absorbants (A1 ) et (A2), semblables ou différents, sont un agent minéral comprenant au moins une argile choisie parmi les palygorskites tels que l'attapulgite, les moπtmoπllonites tels que la bentonite et la smectite, la sépiohte, leur mélange ou les mélanges les contenant.2. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the absorbent agents (A1) and (A2), similar or different, are a mineral agent comprising at least one clay chosen from palygorskites such as attapulgite, moπtmoπllonites such as bentonite and smectite, sepiohte, their mixture or mixtures containing them.
3. Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les silices (S1 ) et (S2), semblables ou différentes, sont des silices pyrogénées et ou de précipitation, de préférence des silices de précipitation.3. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the silicas (S1) and (S2), similar or different, are pyrogenic and or precipitation silicas, preferably precipitation silicas.
4 Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les (co)polymères organiques (P1 ) et (P2), semblables ou différents, sont choisis parmi un polyol, de préférence le polyéthylène glycol ou l'alcool polyvmyhque, un polyamide éventuellement modifié, notamment le polyacrylamide, leur mélange ou les mélanges les contenant.4 Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the organic (co) polymers (P1) and (P2), which are similar or different, are chosen from a polyol, preferably polyethylene glycol or polyvinyl alcohol, an optionally modified polyamide, in particular polyacrylamide, their mixture or the mixtures containing them.
5 Composition de litière pour animaux selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le matériau (I) comprend - entre 50 et 90 % en poids d'agent absorbant minéral et/ou organique (A1 ),5 litter composition for animals according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material (I) comprises - between 50 and 90% by weight of mineral and / or organic absorbing agent (A1),
- entre 5 et 45 % en poids de silice (S1 ),- between 5 and 45% by weight of silica (S1),
- entre 1 et 10 % en poids de (co)polymère organique (P1 ) - le rapport pondéral (S1 )/(P1 ) étant supérieur ou égal à 1- between 1 and 10% by weight of organic (co) polymer (P1) - the weight ratio (S1) / (P1) being greater than or equal to 1
6 Composition selon la revendication précédente caractérisée en ce que le matériau (I) présentant au moins 50 % en poids de bentonite, par rapport au poids total de la composition, et en ce que le rapport (S1 )/(P1 ) est supérieur ou égal à 36 Composition according to the preceding claim characterized in that the material (I) having at least 50% by weight of bentonite, relative to the total weight of the composition, and in that the ratio (S1) / (P1) is greater or equal to 3
7 Composition selon la revendication précédente caractérisée en ce que le rapport pondéral (S1 )/(P1 ) est compris entre 3 et 5, bornes incluses7 Composition according to the preceding claim characterized in that the weight ratio (S1) / (P1) is between 3 and 5, limits included
8 Composition de litière pour animaux selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le matériau (II) comprend8 litter composition for animals according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material (II) comprises
- entre 80 et 99 %, de préférence entre 85 et 95 %, en poids d'agent absorbant minéral et/ou organique (A2),- between 80 and 99%, preferably between 85 and 95%, by weight of mineral and / or organic absorbent (A2),
- entre 0,5 et 15 %, de préférence entre 2 et 6 %, en poids de silice (S2),- between 0.5 and 15%, preferably between 2 and 6%, by weight of silica (S2),
- entre 0,5 et 6 %, de préférence entre 2 et 6 %, en poids de (co)polymère organique (P2),- between 0.5 and 6%, preferably between 2 and 6%, by weight of organic (co) polymer (P2),
- le rapport pondéral (S2)/(P2) étant supérieur ou égal à 1- the weight ratio (S2) / (P2) being greater than or equal to 1
9 Composition selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que le matériau (II) présente au moins 80 % en poids d'attapulgite par rapport au poids total de la composition, et en ce que le rapport (S2)/(P2) est compris entre 1 et 3, bornes incluses9 Composition according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the material (II) has at least 80% by weight of attapulgite relative to the total weight of the composition, and in that the ratio (S2) / (P2) is understood between 1 and 3, terminals included
10 Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le matériau (I) et/ou (II) comprend en outre au moins un composé lui conférant au moins une fonctionnalité supplémentaire10 Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material (I) and / or (II) further comprises at least one compound giving it at least one additional functionality
11 Composition selon la revendication précédente caractérisée en ce que ledit composé est de nature à conférer à la composition des propriétés d'absorption, de contrôle de la prolifération des micro-organismes, de contrôle ou de traitement des mauvaises odeurs et/ou visuelles 11 Composition according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said compound is capable of conferring on the composition absorption properties, control of the proliferation of microorganisms, control or treatment of bad odors and / or visuals.
12 Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 ou 1 1 , caractérisée en ce que le matériau (I) et/ou (II) comprend au moins un agent oxydant choisi parmi les persulfates, les hypochlσπtes, les percarbonates et les perborates, de métaux alcalins ou de métaux alcalino-terreux12 Composition according to any one of claims 10 or 1 1, characterized in that the material (I) and / or (II) comprises at least one oxidizing agent chosen from persulfates, hypochlσπtes, percarbonates and perborates, of alkali or alkaline earth metals
13 Composition selon la revendication précédente caractérisée en ce que le matériau (I) et ou (II) comprend entre 0 % a 15 % en poids d'oxydant, de préférence 10 % en poids d'oxydant, par rapport au poids total du matériau le comprenant13 Composition according to the preceding claim characterized in that the material (I) and or (II) comprises between 0% to 15% by weight of oxidant, preferably 10% by weight of oxidant, relative to the total weight of the material understanding it
14 Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisée en ce que le matériau (I) et/ou (II), comprend au moins un agent aπtibacténen choisi parmi les halogénodiphényl éthers éventuellement substitués, les N-halogénophényl benzamides éventuellement substitués et les dérivés aromatiques halogènes éventuellement substitués de l'urée14 Composition according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the material (I) and / or (II), comprises at least one aπtibacténen agent chosen from optionally substituted halodiphenyl ethers, optionally substituted N-halophenyl benzamides and optionally substituted halogenated aromatic derivatives of urea
15 Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 14, caractérisée en ce que le matériau (I) et ou (II), comprend au moins un colorant15 Composition according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the material (I) and or (II), comprises at least one dye
16 Composition de litière pour animaux selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est sous forme de granulés arrondis, ayant un diamètre compris entre 0,5 mm à 6 3 mm de préférence entre 2 et 4 mm16 Animal litter composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is in the form of rounded granules, having a diameter between 0.5 mm to 6 3 mm preferably between 2 and 4 mm
17 Procédé de mise en forme d'une composition selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en que la granulation du matériau (I) et/ou (II), indépendamment l'un de l'autre, est réalisée par voie humide de manière à ce que le ratio de mouillage (Rm) nécessaire à la granulation soit de 0,8 < Rm < 1 ,217 A method of forming a composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the granulation of the material (I) and / or (II), independently of one another, is carried out by wet so that the wetting ratio (Rm) necessary for granulation is 0.8 <Rm <1, 2
18 Procédé de mise en forme d'une composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en que la granulation du matériau (I) et ou (II) indépendamment l'un de l'autre, est réalisée par voie semi-humide, de manière a ce que le ratio de mouillage (Rm) nécessaire à la granulation soit de 0,4 < Rm < 0,8 18 A method of forming a composition according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the granulation of the material (I) and or (II) independently of one another, is carried out semi- wet, so that the wetting ratio (Rm) necessary for granulation is 0.4 <Rm <0.8
19 Procédé de mise en forme d'une composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en que la granulation du matériau (I) et/ou (II), indépendamment l'un de l'autre, est réalisée séparément, par voie sèche de manière à ce que le ratio de mouillage (Rm) nécessaire à la granulation soit de 0,05 < Rm < 0,219 A method of shaping a composition according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the granulation of the material (I) and / or (II), independently of one another, is carried out separately, dry so that the wetting ratio (Rm) required for granulation is 0.05 <Rm <0.2
20 Procédé de mise en forme d'une composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications selon l'une quelconque des revendications 17 à 19, caractérisé en ce que la granulation est facilitée par l'utilisation d'eau additionnée de silicate de métal alcalin20 A method of forming a composition according to any one of claims according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the granulation is facilitated by the use of water added with alkali metal silicate
21. Procédé de préparation d'une composition selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le colorant est ajouté durant la granulation ou à l'issue de la granulation, mise en oeuvre dans les procédés tels que définis à l'une des revendications 17 à 20 21. Process for preparing a composition according to claim 15, characterized in that the dye is added during the granulation or at the end of the granulation, used in the processes as defined in one of claims 17 at 20
EP97953006A 1996-12-23 1997-12-23 Animal litter composition and method for obtaining same Withdrawn EP0967857A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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FR9615885 1996-12-23
FR9615885A FR2757348B1 (en) 1996-12-23 1996-12-23 LITTER COMPOSITION FOR ANIMALS AND PROCESS FOR OBTAINING SAME
PCT/FR1997/002413 WO1998027809A1 (en) 1996-12-23 1997-12-23 Animal litter composition and method for obtaining same

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ES2160088B1 (en) * 2000-02-18 2002-06-16 Tolsa Sa BINDING COMPOSITION, ADDITIVE TO CONFIRM BINDING CAPACITY TO ABSORBENT MATERIALS, AND ITS USE IN ANIMAL MILK.
US6543385B2 (en) 2000-12-07 2003-04-08 Nestec, Ltd. Animal litter composition containing silica gel and methods therefor
EP1215170A1 (en) * 2000-12-14 2002-06-19 Akzo Nobel N.V. Precipitated silica particles for cat litter
US7343874B2 (en) 2002-08-07 2008-03-18 The Clorox Company Silica gel based animal litter
DE202011002291U1 (en) * 2011-02-03 2011-04-28 Harnischmacher, Werner, Dr. Modified straw straw pellets

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GB1533261A (en) * 1975-10-02 1978-11-22 Star Kist Foods Animal litter
FR2518897A1 (en) * 1981-12-30 1983-07-01 Menard Paul Absorbent prod. useful as animal litter - comprises granules of calcareous sand, sea shells, ligneous prod. and binder
FR2629678A1 (en) * 1988-04-08 1989-10-13 Chelle Rene Deodorising and bactericidal product for cat litters
SE8803407L (en) * 1988-09-27 1990-03-28 Boliden Ab ODOR ELIMINATING AND SCIENTIFICANT PREPARING PRODUCTS AND USE
US4914066A (en) * 1989-02-24 1990-04-03 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Pellets of clay and superabsorbent polymer
JPH0797941B2 (en) * 1991-05-23 1995-10-25 前田製管株式会社 Bed sand for pet excrement treatment and method for producing the same
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