EP0967369B1 - Head cylinder for combustion engine - Google Patents

Head cylinder for combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0967369B1
EP0967369B1 EP99108102A EP99108102A EP0967369B1 EP 0967369 B1 EP0967369 B1 EP 0967369B1 EP 99108102 A EP99108102 A EP 99108102A EP 99108102 A EP99108102 A EP 99108102A EP 0967369 B1 EP0967369 B1 EP 0967369B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
combustion engine
oil
internal
engine according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP99108102A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0967369A1 (en
Inventor
Roland Stromsky
Albrecht Reustle
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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Publication of EP0967369A1 publication Critical patent/EP0967369A1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M9/00Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00
    • F01M9/10Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02FCYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/18DOHC [Double overhead camshaft]
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02FCYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/245Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine with a device for returning lubricating oil from the interior of the cylinder head after Genus of the main claim.
  • a generic cylinder head in which one overhead camshaft is mounted.
  • the interior housing the camshaft is in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head through transverse walls into individual subspaces divided. These transverse walls also form the camshaft bearing.
  • Each of these sub-rooms has an opening at the bottom of the Cylinder head housing trained manifold connected.
  • a cylinder head is also known in which - without that this is explicitly shown or described - two overhead camshafts are stored.
  • There is a separate manifold on the outside of the cylinder head is attached, which is arranged over several in the cylinder head and over the Longitudinal distribution of distributed bores is connected to the interior.
  • About these Bores will accumulate in the interior of the cylinder head, at the Lubricating oil escaping into the manifold from various bearing points via a pump and a return line with the oil reservoir of the Internal combustion engine is connected.
  • In the oil-bearing interior of the cylinder head relatively large amounts of oil are carried, which at the bearings of the camshafts and the tappet or valve lever should come out.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a cylinder head Internal combustion engine with a device for returning lubricating oil from the To improve the interior so that the free oil in the interior as little as possible foamed and quickly reached the suction point.
  • the amount of oil freely located in the interior of the cylinder head can be kept low and the accumulation of large amounts of oil in the interior Accelerations / decelerations and / or cornering can be avoided.
  • Such a partitioning of the interior can be particularly advantageous take place when the bearing sections for receiving the camshafts as transverse walls be trained and consistently up to the adjacent side walls are led.
  • the camshaft bearing and transverse wall function there is sufficient space for partitioning the interior Housing the cams and the stroke transmission elements, for example Cup tappet or valve lever.
  • the space can particularly advantageous way as an oil-free space for receiving a spark plug or an injector can be used.
  • a foreclosure not only achieved the advantages described above with regard to the oil flow, in addition, a very rigid structure of the cylinder head is made possible.
  • a particularly safe oil extraction is advantageously ensured if the two manifolds at their end facing away from the suction point are connected. Collects in such a cylinder head due to Accelerations the oil in the cylinder head essentially in the range this connection point, the oil in the first manifold can also be sucked off via the connection of the two manifolds.
  • the manifolds can be particularly advantageous and inexpensive Manufacture if these are cast in with cast components of the cylinder head be, so that neither external lines, screw connections with appropriate Leakage problems or long holes with the corresponding effort in the Manufacturing are needed.
  • the cylinder head shown in Figures 1 to 4 is not limited to this Exemplary embodiment as one of the two cylinder heads of a 6-cylinder boxer engine shown, which is installed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
  • This cylinder head is composed of three housing components, a cylinder head basic housing 1, a camshaft housing 2 and a cylinder head cover 3.
  • Das Cylinder head basic housing 1 has a lower flange surface 4, which is used for connection to serves the cylinder block or the crankcase, not shown.
  • the upper Flange surface 5 of the cylinder head base housing 1 is in contact with the installed cylinder head the lower flange surface 6 of the camshaft housing. Its upper Flange surface 7 bears against the flange surface 8 of the cylinder head cover 3.
  • the Camshaft housing 2 is used to accommodate tappets, not shown for actuating the gas exchange valves and at the same time contains the lower bearing caps for receiving the two camshafts 9.
  • the camshaft housing 2 and Cylinder head cover 3 enclose an interior in which the camshafts rotate and in which the operation of the internal combustion engine from the bearings of Camshafts and the tappet collecting lubricating oil.
  • This Interior is divided by two longitudinal walls 10 and 11, which together with the Form outer walls 12 and 13 three longitudinal sections. These three longitudinal sections are divided by two transverse walls 14 and 15, each up to the Outer walls 12, 13 and extend to the upper flange surface 7.
  • the lower halves of the bearing bores 16 are each formed in the transverse walls.
  • Four further bearing sections 17 are formed in the outer walls 18 and 19.
  • On the Bearing sections 17 and the lower halves of the bearing bores in the transverse walls 14 and 15 are the upper bearing shells 20 for camshaft bearings screwed.
  • the longitudinal walls 10 and 11 and the transverse walls 14 and 15 are in Connection to the outer walls 12, 13, 18 and 19 three upper sub-spaces 21A to 21C, three middle subspaces 22A to 22A and three lower subspaces 23A to 23C limited.
  • the upper part spaces 21A to 21C are the inlet-side Cup tappet and the associated sections of the intake camshaft and in the lower part spaces 23A to 23C corresponding to the outlet-side tappets and the associated part of the exhaust camshaft each arranged a cylinder.
  • the middle subspaces 22A to 22C are bores 24 opening into the combustion chamber arranged to receive spark plugs or not shown Serve injectors.
  • the cylinder head cover 3 lies with its outer walls 25 to 28 on the Flange surface 7 of the camshaft housing 2.
  • the cylinder head cover has it in addition, two longitudinal webs 29 and 30 pulled down, sealing against the Longitudinal walls 10 and 11 rest.
  • the cylinder head cover 3 is designed such that he the camshafts 9, the cam circles and the bearing areas of the camshafts encompasses at a short distance.
  • Through this customized Contour of the cylinder head cover ensures that the gap 32nd between the camshaft bearings and the cylinder head cover as low as possible are.
  • the cantilevers 31 ensure that the Spaces 32 are angled in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head, so that oil penetration is made difficult or largely prevented.
  • an oil collection channel 33 which is connected to the subspaces 23A to 23C is.
  • an opening 34, 35 is in each case in the region of the transverse walls 14 and 15 Outer wall 13 formed, the opening cross-section or their position and Extension in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head is measured so that it with the neighboring subspaces 23A, 23B and 23B, 23C cooperate.
  • the Subspace 23A is additionally arranged in the area of the outer wall 18 Opening 36 connected to the manifold 33.
  • Another opening 37 connects the manifold 33 in the area of the outer wall 19 with the subspace 23C. So is each of the three compartments 23A to 23C via a front and a rear Transfer associated with the manifold.
  • a cast-in channel 38 formed, which bridges the middle subspaces 22A to 22C and the upper and connects the lower parts of the room.
  • These channels 38 are in their Cross-sectional shape or its location and extent in the longitudinal direction of the Cylinder head designed so that the arranged in the region of the transverse wall 14 Channel 38 the upper compartments 21A and 21B with the lower compartments 23A and 23B combines.
  • the channel 38 arranged in the region of the transverse wall 15 connects correspondingly, the upper subspaces 21B and 21C with the lower subspaces 22B and 22C.
  • a channel 39 connects the upper subspace 21A with the lower part 23A.
  • Another channel 40 in the area of the outer wall 19 connects the upper part space 21C with the lower part space 23C. So they are Subspaces 21A to 21C each via a front and rear channel with the lower Subspaces and connected to the manifold 33 via this.
  • This manifold 41 has a suction port 42, the is arranged in the region of the outer wall 26. In the area of this outer wall is at the embodiment of the chain case 43 described here, which for Includes or covers the control drive, not shown.
  • a bore 45 is arranged which of the Flange surface 8 starts and opens into the interior of the manifold 41. This Bore 45 is connected to an aligned bore 46 which is from the upper Flange surface 7 of the camshaft housing 2 starting from the manifold 33 empties.
  • This manifold is also provided with a suction port 47, the is arranged in the region of the chain case 43.
  • the two suction connections 42 and 47 are not one with the suction side shown, known oil pump connected, which the extracted oil in the promotes also not shown oil reservoir of the internal combustion engine.
  • the Suction can take place, for example, via two separate oil pumps, it is however, it is also possible to extract oil via a pump with two separate Make suction connections.
  • This arrangement of the manifold and the staggered arrangement of the Connections in the interior or in the sub-rooms ensures that even at strongly fluctuating oil levels in the interior of the cylinder head always at least one of the two manifolds with its corresponding cross connection the interior is connected that the respective cross connection is constantly below the Oil level is located.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Einrichtung zur Rückführung von Schmieröl aus dem Innenraum des Zylinderkopfes nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruches.The invention relates to a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine with a device for returning lubricating oil from the interior of the cylinder head after Genus of the main claim.

Aus der DE 27 37 901 A1 ist ein gattungsgemäßer Zylinderkopf bekannt, in dem eine obenliegende Nockenwelle gelagert ist. Der die Nockenwelle aufnehmende Innenraum ist in Längsrichtung des Zylinderkopfes durch Querwände in einzelne Teilräume unterteilt. Diese Querwände bilden gleichzeitig die Lagerung der Nockenwelle aus. Jeder dieser Teilräume ist über eine Öffnung mit einer an der Unterseite des Zylinderkopfgehäuses ausgebildeten Sammelleitung verbunden.From DE 27 37 901 A1 a generic cylinder head is known in which one overhead camshaft is mounted. The interior housing the camshaft is in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head through transverse walls into individual subspaces divided. These transverse walls also form the camshaft bearing. Each of these sub-rooms has an opening at the bottom of the Cylinder head housing trained manifold connected.

Aus der DE 40 07 939 C1 ist weiterhin ein Zylinderkopf bekannt, in dem - ohne das dies explizit dargestellt oder beschrieben ist - zwei obenliegende Nockenwellen gelagert sind. An der Außenseite des Zylinderkopfes ist eine separate Sammelleitung befestigt ist, die über mehrere im Zylinderkopf angeordnete und über die Längserstreckung verteilte Bohrungen mit dem Innenraum verbunden ist. Über diese Bohrungen wird das sich im Innenraum der Zylinderkopf ansammelnde, an den verschiedenen Lagerstellen austretende Schmieröl in die Sammelleitung geführt, die über eine Pumpe und eine Rücklaufleitung mit dem Ölvorratsbehälter der Brennkraftmaschine verbunden ist. Im ölführenden Innenraum des Zylinderkopfes werden relativ große Ölmengen geführt, die an den Lagerstellen der Nockenwellen und der Tassenstößel bzw. Ventilhebel austreten. Dabei haben derartige Zylinderköpfe den Nachteil, daß dieses Öl sich nahezu ungehindert im Innenraum verteilen kann, bevor dieses über die seitlichen Kanäle in die Ölsammelleitung übertritt. Durch längere Verweildauer dieses Öls im Innenraum kann es zu einer verstärkten Ölverschäumung führen. Dabei sind sowohl größere, freie Ölmengen im Innenraum des Zylinderkopfes als auch eine verstärkte Ölverschäumung kritisch im Hinblick auf den Ölkreislauf der Brennkraftmaschine.From DE 40 07 939 C1 a cylinder head is also known in which - without that this is explicitly shown or described - two overhead camshafts are stored. There is a separate manifold on the outside of the cylinder head is attached, which is arranged over several in the cylinder head and over the Longitudinal distribution of distributed bores is connected to the interior. About these Bores will accumulate in the interior of the cylinder head, at the Lubricating oil escaping into the manifold from various bearing points via a pump and a return line with the oil reservoir of the Internal combustion engine is connected. In the oil-bearing interior of the cylinder head relatively large amounts of oil are carried, which at the bearings of the camshafts and the tappet or valve lever should come out. Such cylinder heads have the Disadvantage that this oil can spread almost unhindered in the interior before this passes through the side channels into the oil collection line. Through longer Residence time of this oil in the interior can lead to increased oil foaming to lead. There are both larger, free quantities of oil in the interior of the cylinder head as well as increased oil foaming critical with regard to the oil cycle of the Internal combustion engine.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Einrichtung zur Rückführung von Schmieröl aus dem Innenraum so zu verbessern, daß das frei im Innenraum geführte Öl möglichst wenig verschäumt und auf kurzem Wege zur Absaugstelle gelangt. Darüber hinaus sollen die frei im Innenraum des Zylinderkopfes befindlichen Ölmengen gering gehalten werden und ein Ansammeln von größeren Ölmengen im Innenraum bei Beschleunigungen/Verzögerungen und/oder Kurvenfahrten vermieden werden.The invention is therefore based on the object of a cylinder head Internal combustion engine with a device for returning lubricating oil from the To improve the interior so that the free oil in the interior as little as possible foamed and quickly reached the suction point. In addition, the the amount of oil freely located in the interior of the cylinder head can be kept low and the accumulation of large amounts of oil in the interior Accelerations / decelerations and / or cornering can be avoided.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruches gelöst. Durch Unterteilung des Zylinderkopfes in Längs- und Querrichtung werden definierte Teilräume gebildet, durch die das jeweils frei in diesen geführte Öl in seiner Ausbreitung begrenzt wird. Aus diesen Teilräumen kann das an den Lagerstellen austretende Öl auf kurzem Wege zur Sammelleitung geführt werden, wobei die Verweildauer des Öls im Innenraum des Zylinderkopfes deutlich reduziert wird. Sowohl durch die Begrenzung des freien Raumes als auch durch eine schnelle Zuführung zu den Sammelleitungen wird sichergestellt, daß die Ölverschäumung gering bleibt.This object is achieved with the characterizing features of Main claim solved. By dividing the cylinder head into longitudinal and In the transverse direction, defined subspaces are formed, through which the respective free spaces guided oil is limited in its spread. This can happen from these subspaces oil escaping from the bearing points is routed to the manifold, whereby the residence time of the oil in the interior of the cylinder head is significantly reduced becomes. Both by limiting the free space and by a quick one Feeding to the manifolds ensures that the oil foaming remains low.

Eine derartige Abschottung des Innenraums kann auf besonders vorteilhafte Weise erfolgen, wenn die Lagerabschnitte zur Aufnahme der Nockenwellen als Querwände ausgebildet werden und durchgängig bis an die jeweils angrenzenden Seitenwände geführt sind. Durch die Integration der Funktion Nockenwellenlagerung und Querwand für die Abschottung des Innenraumes bleibt ausreichender Freiraum für die Unterbringung der Nocken und der Hubübertragungselemente, beispielsweise Tassenstößel oder Ventilhebel. Such a partitioning of the interior can be particularly advantageous take place when the bearing sections for receiving the camshafts as transverse walls be trained and consistently up to the adjacent side walls are led. By integrating the camshaft bearing and transverse wall function there is sufficient space for partitioning the interior Housing the cams and the stroke transmission elements, for example Cup tappet or valve lever.

Wenn die in Längsrichtung des Zylinderkopfes ausgerichtete Abschottung des Innenraumes durch zwei Längswände ausgebildet wird, kann der Zwischenraum auf besonders vorteilhafte Weise als ölfreier Raum zur Aufnahme einer Zündkerze oder einer Einspritzvorrichtung genutzt werden. Durch eine derartige Abschottung werden nicht nur die zuvor beschriebenen Vorteile im Hinblick auf die Ölführung erreicht, darüber hinaus wird eine sehr steife Struktur des Zylinderkopfes ermöglicht.If the bulkhead oriented in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head Interior is formed by two longitudinal walls, the space can particularly advantageous way as an oil-free space for receiving a spark plug or an injector can be used. Such a foreclosure not only achieved the advantages described above with regard to the oil flow, in addition, a very rigid structure of the cylinder head is made possible.

Eine besonders schnelle Ölabsaugung aus dem Zylinderkopf mit möglichst kurzen Wegen wird ermöglicht, wenn die Sammelleitung an der Unterseite der in Einbaulage unteren Teilräume angeordnet ist. Dabei ist es weiterhin von Vorteil, wenn die Verbindungen zu den unteren und den darüberliegenden oberen Teilräumen übereinanderliegend angeordnet sind.A particularly fast oil extraction from the cylinder head with the shortest possible Because of it is possible if the manifold is on the underside of the in the installed position lower sub-rooms is arranged. It is still an advantage if the Connections to the lower and the upper subspaces above are arranged one above the other.

Eine auch bei schwankenden Ölständen in Folge von Beschleunigungen/Verzögerungen und/oder Kurvenfahrten schnelle Absaugung des Öls wird ermöglicht, wenn die Teilräume über zwei an gegenüberliegenden Wänden angeordnete Öffnungen mit der Sammelleitung verbunden sind. Dadurch wird sichergestellt, daß auch bei stark schwankenden Ölständen innerhalb der Teilräume jederzeit eine kurze und schnelle Verbindung zur Sammelleitung sichergestellt ist. Wird ein derartiger Zylinderkopf beispielsweise in Längsrichtung angeordnet, können diese Verbindungen auf vorteilhafte Weise am jeweils vorderen und hinteren Ende des Teilraumes angeordnet werden, so daß die Schwankungen des Ölpegels vor allem bei Beschleunigung und Verzögerung berücksichtigt werden.One even with fluctuating oil levels as a result of Accelerations / decelerations and / or cornering fast suction of the Oil is made possible if the subspaces have two on opposite walls arranged openings are connected to the manifold. This will ensures that even with strongly fluctuating oil levels within the sub-rooms a short and quick connection to the manifold is guaranteed at all times. Becomes such a cylinder head arranged for example in the longitudinal direction, they can Connections in an advantageous manner at the front and rear ends of the Partial space are arranged so that the fluctuations in the oil level especially at Acceleration and deceleration are taken into account.

Durch Anordnung einer zweiten Sammelleitung am Zylinderkopf, die getrennt von der ersten Sammelleitung ausgebildet ist und von denen eine Sammelleitung im vorderen oder hinteren Bereich des Zylinderkopfes mit dem Innenraum verbunden ist, während die andere im gegenüberliegenden hinteren bzw. vorderen Bereich des Zylinderkopfes mit dessen Innenraum verbunden ist, kann auch das sich bei starken Beschleunigungen nahezu vollständig in einem Endbereich des Zylinderkopfes ansammelnde Öl abgesaugt werden, da sich jederzeit in mindestens einer der beiden Sammelleitungen ein Ölstand einstellt, der - ohne Ansaugen von Luft - von der Ölpumpe abgesaugt werden kann. Mit einer derartigen Ausbildung des Zylinderkopfes ist es möglich, das sich im Innenraum ansammelnde Öl trotz Schwankungen des Ölstandes aufgrund von Beschleunigungen oder Kurvenfahrten sicher abzusaugen, ohne daß dafür bewegliche Bauteile, wie beispielsweise Ventile, Rückschlagklappen oder ähnliche Bauelemente, erforderlich sind.By arranging a second manifold on the cylinder head, which is separate from the first manifold is formed and of which a manifold in the front or rear area of the cylinder head is connected to the interior while the other in the opposite rear or front area of the cylinder head with its interior is connected, this can also be the case with strong Accelerations almost completely in an end area of the cylinder head accumulating oil can be sucked off, since it is always in at least one of the two Manifolds sets an oil level that - without sucking in air - from the oil pump can be suctioned off. With such a design of the cylinder head, it is possible, the oil accumulating in the interior despite fluctuations in the oil level vacuum safely due to acceleration or cornering without therefor movable components such as valves, check valves or similar components are required.

Eine besonders sichere Ölabsaugung wird in vorteilhafter Weise gewährleistet, wenn die beiden Sammelleitungen an ihrem der Saugstelle abgewandten Ende miteinander verbunden sind. Sammelt sich bei einem derartigen Zylinderkopf aufgrund von Beschleunigungen das im Zylinderkopf befindliche Öl im wesentlichen im Bereich dieser Verbindungsstelle an, kann auch das in der ersten Sammelleitung befindliche Öl über die Verbindung der beiden Sammelleitungen abgesaugt werden.A particularly safe oil extraction is advantageously ensured if the two manifolds at their end facing away from the suction point are connected. Collects in such a cylinder head due to Accelerations the oil in the cylinder head essentially in the range this connection point, the oil in the first manifold can also be sucked off via the connection of the two manifolds.

Die Sammelleitungen lassen sich auf besonders vorteilhafte und kostengünstige Weise herstellen, wenn diese bei gegossenen Bauteilen des Zylinderkopfes mit eingegossen werden, so daß weder externe Leitungen, Schraubverbindungen mit entsprechenden Dichtheitsproblemen oder lange Bohrungen mit entsprechendem Aufwand bei der Herstellung benötigt werden.The manifolds can be particularly advantageous and inexpensive Manufacture if these are cast in with cast components of the cylinder head be, so that neither external lines, screw connections with appropriate Leakage problems or long holes with the corresponding effort in the Manufacturing are needed.

Es ist weiterhin von Vorteil, wenn die beiden Sammelleitungen in unterschiedlichen Bauteilen des Zylinderkopfes ausgebildet sind, wobei eine besonders einfache Verbindung der beiden Sammelleitungen über eine gemeinsame Flanschfläche erfolgen kann.It is also advantageous if the two manifolds are in different Components of the cylinder head are formed, with a particularly simple Connection of the two manifolds via a common flange surface can be done.

Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der Beschreibung. Further advantages and advantageous developments of the invention result from the Subclaims and the description.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und Zeichnung näher erläutert. Letztere zeigt in

Fig. 1
eine Draufsicht auf die dem Zylinderkopfdeckel zugewandte Flanschfläche des Nockenwellengehäuses,
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht auf die Flanschfläche des Zylinderkopfdeckels,
Fig. 3
einen Querschnitt durch den Zylinderkopf entlang der Linie III-III nach Fig. 1 und
Fig. 4
einen Längsschnitt durch das Nockenwellengehäuse entlang der Linie IV-IV nach Fig. 1.
An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail in the following description and drawing. The latter shows in
Fig. 1
2 shows a plan view of the flange surface of the camshaft housing facing the cylinder head cover,
Fig. 2
a plan view of the flange surface of the cylinder head cover,
Fig. 3
a cross section through the cylinder head along the line III-III of FIG. 1 and
Fig. 4
a longitudinal section through the camshaft housing along the line IV-IV of FIG. 1st

Der in den Figuren 1 bis 4 dargestellte Zylinderkopf ist ohne Beschränkung auf dieses Ausführungsbeispiel als einer der beiden Zylinderköpfe eines 6-Zylinder Boxermotors dargestellt, der in Längsrichtung des Fahrzeuges eingebaut ist. Dieser Zylinderkopf setzt sich aus drei Gehäusebauteilen zusammen, einem Zylinderkopfgrundgehäuse 1, einem Nockenwellengehäuse 2 und einem Zylinderkopfdeckel 3. Das Zylinderkopfgrundgehäuse 1 hat eine untere Flanschfläche 4, die zur Anbindung an den nicht dargestellten Zylinderblock bzw. des Kurbelgehäuse dient. Die obere Flanschfläche 5 des Zylinderkopfgrundgehäuses 1 liegt bei montiertem Zylinderkopf an der unteren Flanschfläche 6 des Nockenwellengehäuses an. Dessen obere Flanschfläche 7 liegt an der Flanschfläche 8 des Zylinderkopfdeckels 3 an. Das Nockenwellengehäuse 2 dient zur Aufnahme nicht näher dargestellter Tassenstößel zur Betätigung der Gaswechselventile und enthält gleichzeitig die unteren Lagerdeckel für die Aufnahme der beiden Nockenwellen 9. Das Nockenwellengehäuse 2 und der Zylinderkopfdeckel 3 umschließen einen Innenraum, in dem die Nockenwellen rotieren und in dem sich im Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine das aus den Lagerstellen der Nockenwellen und der Tassenstößel austretende Schmieröl sammelt. Dieser Innenraum ist durch zwei Längswände 10 und 11 unterteilt, die zusammen mit den Außenwänden 12 und 13 drei Längsabschnitte ausbilden. Diese drei Längsabschnitte werden durch zwei Querwände 14 und 15 unterteilt, die jeweils bis zu den Außenwänden 12, 13 und bis zur oberen Flanschfläche 7 reichen. In den beiden Querwänden sind jeweils die unteren Hälften der Lagerbohrungen 16 ausgebildet. Vier weitere Lagerabschnitte 17 sind in den Außenwänden 18 und 19 ausgebildet. Auf die Lagerabschnitte 17 und die unteren Hälften der Lagerbohrungen in den Querwänden 14 und 15 sind zur Nockenwellenlagerung jeweils die oberen Lagerschalen 20 aufgeschraubt.The cylinder head shown in Figures 1 to 4 is not limited to this Exemplary embodiment as one of the two cylinder heads of a 6-cylinder boxer engine shown, which is installed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. This cylinder head is composed of three housing components, a cylinder head basic housing 1, a camshaft housing 2 and a cylinder head cover 3. Das Cylinder head basic housing 1 has a lower flange surface 4, which is used for connection to serves the cylinder block or the crankcase, not shown. The upper Flange surface 5 of the cylinder head base housing 1 is in contact with the installed cylinder head the lower flange surface 6 of the camshaft housing. Its upper Flange surface 7 bears against the flange surface 8 of the cylinder head cover 3. The Camshaft housing 2 is used to accommodate tappets, not shown for actuating the gas exchange valves and at the same time contains the lower bearing caps for receiving the two camshafts 9. The camshaft housing 2 and Cylinder head cover 3 enclose an interior in which the camshafts rotate and in which the operation of the internal combustion engine from the bearings of Camshafts and the tappet collecting lubricating oil. This Interior is divided by two longitudinal walls 10 and 11, which together with the Form outer walls 12 and 13 three longitudinal sections. These three longitudinal sections are divided by two transverse walls 14 and 15, each up to the Outer walls 12, 13 and extend to the upper flange surface 7. In both The lower halves of the bearing bores 16 are each formed in the transverse walls. Four further bearing sections 17 are formed in the outer walls 18 and 19. On the Bearing sections 17 and the lower halves of the bearing bores in the transverse walls 14 and 15 are the upper bearing shells 20 for camshaft bearings screwed.

Durch die Längswände 10 und 11 und die Querwände 14 und 15 werden in Verbindung mit den Außenwänden 12,13,18 und 19 drei obere Teilräume 21A bis 21C, drei mittlere Teilräume 22A bis 22A und drei untere Teilräume 23A bis 23C begrenzt. In den oberen Teilräume 21A bis 21C sind jeweils die einlaßseitigen Tassenstößel und die zugeordneten Abschnitte der Einlaßnockenwelle und in den unteren Teilräumen 23A bis 23C entsprechend die auslaßseitigen Tassenstößel und der zugeordnete Teil der Auslaßnockenwelle jeweils eines Zylinders angeordnet. In den mittleren Teilräumen 22A bis 22C sind in den Brennraum mündende Bohrungen 24 angeordnet, die zur Aufnahme von nicht dargestellten Zündkerzen oder Einspritzvorrichtungen dienen.Through the longitudinal walls 10 and 11 and the transverse walls 14 and 15 are in Connection to the outer walls 12, 13, 18 and 19 three upper sub-spaces 21A to 21C, three middle subspaces 22A to 22A and three lower subspaces 23A to 23C limited. In the upper part spaces 21A to 21C are the inlet-side Cup tappet and the associated sections of the intake camshaft and in the lower part spaces 23A to 23C corresponding to the outlet-side tappets and the associated part of the exhaust camshaft each arranged a cylinder. In the middle subspaces 22A to 22C are bores 24 opening into the combustion chamber arranged to receive spark plugs or not shown Serve injectors.

Der Zylinderkopfdeckel 3 liegt mit seinen Außenwänden 25 bis 28 auf der Flanschfläche 7 des Nockenwellengehäuses 2 auf. Der Zylinderkopfdeckel hat darüber hinaus zwei heruntergezogene Längsstege 29 und 30, die dichtend auf den Längswänden 10 und 11 aufliegen. Der Zylinderkopfdeckel 3 ist so ausgebildet, daß er die Nockenwellen 9, die Nockenumkreise und die Lagerbereiche der Nockenwellen mit geringem Abstand umgreift. Im Bereich der Querwände 14 und 15 sind dazu jeweils Überhöhungen 31 im Zylinderkopfdeckel 3 ausgebildet. Durch diese angepaßte Kontur des Zylinderkopfdeckels wird sichergestellt, daß der Zwischenraum 32 zwischen den Nockenwellenlagerungen und dem Zylinderkopfdeckel möglichst gering sind. Darüber hinaus wird durch die Überhöhungen 31 sichergestellt, daß die Zwischenräume 32 in Längsrichtung des Zylinderkopfes abgewinkelt verlaufen, so daß ein Öldurchtritt erschwert bzw. weitgehend verhindert wird. The cylinder head cover 3 lies with its outer walls 25 to 28 on the Flange surface 7 of the camshaft housing 2. The cylinder head cover has it in addition, two longitudinal webs 29 and 30 pulled down, sealing against the Longitudinal walls 10 and 11 rest. The cylinder head cover 3 is designed such that he the camshafts 9, the cam circles and the bearing areas of the camshafts encompasses at a short distance. In the area of the transverse walls 14 and 15 there are each exaggerations 31 formed in the cylinder head cover 3. Through this customized Contour of the cylinder head cover ensures that the gap 32nd between the camshaft bearings and the cylinder head cover as low as possible are. In addition, the cantilevers 31 ensure that the Spaces 32 are angled in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head, so that oil penetration is made difficult or largely prevented.

In das Nockenwellengehäuse 3 ist im Bereich der in Einbaulage unteren Außenwand 13 ein Ölsammelkanal 33 integriert, der mit den Teilräumen 23A bis 23C verbunden ist. Dazu ist im Bereich der Querwände 14 und 15 jeweils eine Öffnung 34, 35 in der Außenwand 13 ausgebildet, deren Öffnungsquerschnitt bzw. ihre Lage und Erstreckung in Längsrichtung des Zylinderkopfes jeweils so gemessen ist, daß sie mit den benachbarten Teilräumen 23A, 23B bzw. 23B, 23C zusammenwirken. Der Teilraum 23A ist zusätzlich über eine im Bereich der Außenwand 18 angeordnete Öffnung 36 mit der Sammelleitung 33 verbunden. Eine weitere Öffnung 37 verbindet die Sammelleitung 33 im Bereich der Außenwand 19 mit dem Teilraum 23C. Somit ist jeder der drei Teilräume 23A bis 23C über jeweils einen vorderen und einen hinteren Übertritt mit der Sammelleitung verbunden.In the camshaft housing 3 is in the area of the lower outer wall in the installed position 13 integrates an oil collection channel 33, which is connected to the subspaces 23A to 23C is. For this purpose, an opening 34, 35 is in each case in the region of the transverse walls 14 and 15 Outer wall 13 formed, the opening cross-section or their position and Extension in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head is measured so that it with the neighboring subspaces 23A, 23B and 23B, 23C cooperate. The Subspace 23A is additionally arranged in the area of the outer wall 18 Opening 36 connected to the manifold 33. Another opening 37 connects the manifold 33 in the area of the outer wall 19 with the subspace 23C. So is each of the three compartments 23A to 23C via a front and a rear Transfer associated with the manifold.

Im Bereich der Trennwände 14 und 15 ist jeweils ein eingegossener Kanal 38 ausgebildet, der die mittleren Teilräume 22A bis 22C überbrückt und die oberen und unteren Teilräume miteinander verbindet. Diese Kanäle 38 sind in ihrer Querschnittsform bzw. ihrer Lage und Erstreckung in Längsrichtung des Zylinderkopfes so ausgebildet, daß der im Bereich der Querwand 14 angeordnete Kanal 38 die oberen Teilräume 21A und 21B mit den unteren Teilräumen 23A und 23B verbindet. Der im Bereich der Querwand 15 angeordnete Kanal 38 verbindet entsprechend die oberen Teilräume 21B und 21C mit den unteren Teilräumen 22B und 22C. Im Bereich der Außenwand 18 verbindet ein Kanal 39 den oberen Teilraum 21A mit dem unteren Teilraum 23A. Ein weiterer Kanal 40 im Bereich der Außenwand 19 verbindet den oberen Teilraum 21C mit dem unteren Teilraum 23C. Somit sind die Teilräume 21A bis 21C jeweils über einen vorderen und hinteren Kanal mit den unteren Teilräumen und über diese mit der Sammelleitung 33 verbunden.In the area of the partition walls 14 and 15 there is in each case a cast-in channel 38 formed, which bridges the middle subspaces 22A to 22C and the upper and connects the lower parts of the room. These channels 38 are in their Cross-sectional shape or its location and extent in the longitudinal direction of the Cylinder head designed so that the arranged in the region of the transverse wall 14 Channel 38 the upper compartments 21A and 21B with the lower compartments 23A and 23B combines. The channel 38 arranged in the region of the transverse wall 15 connects correspondingly, the upper subspaces 21B and 21C with the lower subspaces 22B and 22C. In the area of the outer wall 18, a channel 39 connects the upper subspace 21A with the lower part 23A. Another channel 40 in the area of the outer wall 19 connects the upper part space 21C with the lower part space 23C. So they are Subspaces 21A to 21C each via a front and rear channel with the lower Subspaces and connected to the manifold 33 via this.

In die in Einbaulage untere Längswand des Zylinderkopfdeckels 3 ist eine weitere Sammelleitung 41 integriert. Diese Sammelleitung 41 hat einen Sauganschluß 42, der im Bereich der Außenwand 26 angeordnet ist. Im Bereich dieser Außenwand ist bei dem hier beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel der Kettenkasten 43 ausgebildet, der zur Aufnahme bzw. Abdeckung des nicht dargestellten Steuertriebes dient. Im Bereich der gegenüberliegenden Stirnwand 28 ist eine Bohrung 45 angeordnet, die von der Flanschfläche 8 ausgeht und in das Innere der Sammelleitung 41 mündet. Diese Bohrung 45 ist mit einer fluchtenden Bohrung 46 verbunden, die von der oberen Flanschfläche 7 des Nockenwellengehäuses 2 ausgehend in die Sammelleitung 33 mündet. Diese Sammelleitung ist ebenfalls mit einem Sauganschluß 47 versehen, der im Bereich des Kettenkastens 43 angeordnet ist.In the lower longitudinal wall of the cylinder head cover 3 in the installed position is another Manifold 41 integrated. This manifold 41 has a suction port 42, the is arranged in the region of the outer wall 26. In the area of this outer wall is at the embodiment of the chain case 43 described here, which for Includes or covers the control drive, not shown. In the field of opposite end wall 28, a bore 45 is arranged which of the Flange surface 8 starts and opens into the interior of the manifold 41. This Bore 45 is connected to an aligned bore 46 which is from the upper Flange surface 7 of the camshaft housing 2 starting from the manifold 33 empties. This manifold is also provided with a suction port 47, the is arranged in the region of the chain case 43.

Die beiden Sauganschlüsse 42 und 47 sind jeweils mit der Saugseite einer nicht dargestellten, an sich bekannten Ölpumpe verbunden, die das abgesaugte Öl in den ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Ölvorratsbehälter der Brennkraftmaschine fördert. Die Absaugung kann dabei beispielsweise über zwei separate Ölpumpen erfolgen, es ist jedoch auch möglich, die Ölabsaugung über eine Pumpe mit zwei getrennten Sauganschlüssen vorzunehmen.The two suction connections 42 and 47 are not one with the suction side shown, known oil pump connected, which the extracted oil in the promotes also not shown oil reservoir of the internal combustion engine. The Suction can take place, for example, via two separate oil pumps, it is however, it is also possible to extract oil via a pump with two separate Make suction connections.

Im Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine sammelt sich das an den Lagerstellen der Nockenwellen bzw. Tassenstößel austretende Öl in den Teilräumen 21A bis 21C und 23A bis 23C an. Das sich in den oberen Teilräumen 21A bis 21C ansammelnde Öl gelangt infolge der Wirkung der Schwerkraft über die Querkanäle 38 bis 40 in die unteren Teilräume 23A bis 23C. Die Teilräume 23A bis 23C wiederum sind über die Öffnungen 34 bis 37 mit der Sammelleitung 33 verbunden, die ebenfalls infolge der Wirkung der Schwerkraft mit dem sich in den Teilräumen ansammelnden Öl aufgefüllt wird. Über die Bohrungen 45 und 46 wird dabei in analoger Weise die Sammelleitung 41 befüllt.During operation of the internal combustion engine, this accumulates at the bearings of the Oil emerging from camshafts or bucket tappets in compartments 21A to 21C and 23A to 23C. The oil accumulating in the upper part spaces 21A to 21C due to the action of gravity passes through the transverse channels 38 to 40 in the lower subspaces 23A to 23C. The subspaces 23A to 23C in turn are over the Openings 34 to 37 connected to the manifold 33, which is also due to the Effect of gravity filled with the oil accumulating in the sub-rooms becomes. Via the bores 45 and 46, the manifold is connected in an analogous manner 41 filled.

Sammelt sich im Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine aufgrund von starken Beschleunigungs- bzw. Verzögerungsvorgängen der Hauptteil des in den Sammelleitungen geführten Öls im Bereich der Stirnwand 18 an, wird über die Sammelleitung 33 kein bzw. nur ein geringer Anteil des Öls abgesaugt, da aufgrund des entsprechenden Ölstandes im Bereich der dem Kettenkasten 43 zugewandten Querkanäle 35, 37 Luft aus dem Innenraum angesaugt werden kann und ein Absaugen des im gegenüberliegenden Bereich befindlichen Öls nicht möglich ist. Dieses Öl wird jedoch über die Sammelleitung 41 abgesaugt, da diese nur im Bereich der Stirnwand 18 bzw. 28 mit dem Innenraum bzw. der anderen Sammelleitung verbunden ist, so daß ihre Saugöffnung ständig unterhalb des Ölspiegels liegt.Collects in the operation of the internal combustion engine due to strong Accelerating or decelerating the main part of the in the Collected oil in the area of the end wall 18 is on the Manifold 33 none or only a small proportion of the oil is sucked off because of the corresponding oil level in the area of the chain case 43 facing Cross channels 35, 37 air can be sucked in from the interior and a suction of the oil in the opposite area is not possible. This oil will however, sucked off via the collecting line 41, since this is only in the area of the end wall 18 or 28 is connected to the interior or the other manifold, so that their suction opening is constantly below the oil level.

Sammelt sich bei entgegengesetzt gerichteten Beschleunigungs- bzw. Verzögerungsvorgängen das in den Sammelleitungen befindliche Öl im wesentlichen im Bereich des Kettenkastens an, wird unter Umständen durch die Öffnung 36, die Bohrungen 45 und 46 sowie die entsprechende Sammelleitung 41 Luft angesaugt. Eine Entsorgung des Zylinderkopfes kann dennoch stattfinden, da über den im Bereich des Kettenkastens 43 angeordneten Querkanal 37 Öl über die Sammelleitung 33 abgesaugt wird.Collects with opposite acceleration or Delays essentially the oil in the manifolds in the area of the chain case, under certain circumstances through the opening 36 Bores 45 and 46 and the corresponding manifold 41 sucked air. Disposal of the cylinder head can still take place because of the in the area of the chain case 43 arranged transverse channel 37 oil via the manifold 33 is suctioned off.

Durch diese Anordnung der Sammelleitung und die versetzte Anordnung der Verbindungen in den Innenraum bzw. in die Teilräume wird sichergestellt, daß auch bei stark schwankenden Ölständen im Innenraum des Zylinderkopfes stets mindestens eine der beiden Sammelleitungen mit ihrer entsprechenden Querverbindung so mit dem Innenraum verbunden ist, daß die jeweilige Querverbindung ständig unterhalb des Ölspiegels befindlich ist.This arrangement of the manifold and the staggered arrangement of the Connections in the interior or in the sub-rooms ensures that even at strongly fluctuating oil levels in the interior of the cylinder head always at least one of the two manifolds with its corresponding cross connection the interior is connected that the respective cross connection is constantly below the Oil level is located.

Claims (11)

  1. A cylinder head (1, 2, 3) of a multiple-cylinder internal-combustion engine, with two overhead camshafts (9) and with a device for returning lubricating oil from the interior space of the cylinder head into an oil-storage tank with at least one collecting line (33, 41) which extends in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head and which is connected to a suction connexion (42, 47) of a pump, characterized in that the oil-conveying interior space receiving the camshafts (9) is subdivided by transverse walls (14, 15) and by longitudinal walls (10, 11) between the two camshafts into partial spaces (21A to 21C, 22A to 22C, 23A to 23C) which are connected in each case to the collecting line (33, 41).
  2. A cylinder head of an internal-combustion engine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the transverse walls (14, 15) form the lower bearing shells of the camshaft mounting.
  3. A cylinder head of an internal-combustion engine according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that two spaced longitudinal walls (10, 11) are formed in the cylinder head, an oil-free space (22A to 22C) for receiving a spark plug or an injection device being partitioned off by the said longitudinal walls (10, 11).
  4. A cylinder head of an internal-combustion engine according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the collecting line (33, 41) is arranged below the partial spaces (23A to 23C) which are at the bottom in the fitted position, and the connexion of the collecting line to the lower partial spaces (34 to 37) and that to the upper partial spaces (38 to 40) are situated spatially one above the other spatially.
  5. A cylinder head of an internal-combustion engine according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the partial spaces (23A to 23C) are connected to the collecting line (33) by way of two openings (34 to 37) arranged on opposite walls.
  6. A cylinder head of an internal-combustion engine according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that in the region of the camshaft mounting a transverse connexion (38 to 40) is formed between the two adjacent partial spaces (21A to 21C, 23A to 23C).
  7. A cylinder head of an internal-combustion engine according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the cylinder head (1, 2, 3) has arranged thereon two separate collecting lines (33, 41) which each extend in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head and are each connected to the interior space and of which the first collecting line (33) is connected to the interior space of the cylinder head in the front or rear region of the latter and the second collecting line (41) is connected to the interior space of the cylinder head only in the opposite front or rear region of the latter.
  8. A cylinder head of an internal-combustion engine according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the first collecting line (33) is connected to the interior space of the cylinder head in at least one front or rear region and one middle region of the said cylinder head.
  9. A cylinder head of an internal-combustion engine according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the cylinder head (1, 2, 3) is assembled from a plurality of components, and the two collecting lines (33, 41) are formed in different components (2, 3).
  10. A cylinder head of an intemal-combustion engine according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that one collecting line (41) is formed in a cylinder-head cover (3).
  11. A cylinder head of an internal-combustion engine according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that one collecting line (33) is formed in a camshaft housing (2).
EP99108102A 1998-06-25 1999-04-24 Head cylinder for combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0967369B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19828308A DE19828308A1 (en) 1998-06-25 1998-06-25 Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine
DE19828308 1998-06-25

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EP0967369B1 true EP0967369B1 (en) 2003-03-05

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JP (1) JP2000045741A (en)
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JP4270313B2 (en) * 2007-09-27 2009-05-27 三菱自動車工業株式会社 cylinder head
JP4270314B2 (en) * 2007-09-27 2009-05-27 三菱自動車工業株式会社 cylinder head
US8813710B2 (en) * 2011-07-27 2014-08-26 Chrysler Group Llc Cylinder head assembly and method of forming the same
DE102013223018B4 (en) * 2013-11-12 2015-08-13 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Drive unit, internal combustion engine, spacers for a fluid line arrangement and tool set for mounting a spacer
CN104329138B (en) * 2014-10-10 2016-06-01 重庆隆鑫发动机有限公司 A kind of cylinder skull multi-point injection lubrication system
AT523106B1 (en) * 2019-10-25 2021-07-15 Avl List Gmbh CYLINDER HEAD STRUCTURE FOR AN COMBUSTION ENGINE

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CN102486136A (en) * 2010-12-31 2012-06-06 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 Engine cover

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US6138631A (en) 2000-10-31
ES2189306T3 (en) 2003-07-01
DE59904419D1 (en) 2003-04-10
EP0967369A1 (en) 1999-12-29
DE19828308A1 (en) 1999-12-30

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