EP0966615A1

EP0966615A1 - Multipart dowel for a removable anchor

Info

Publication number: EP0966615A1
Application number: EP99906040A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Roland Reichelt
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1998-01-13
Filing date: 1999-01-12
Publication date: 1999-12-29
Also published as: WO1999036703A1; RU99121843A; CA2304636A1; AU2609299A; BR9904804A; KR20000076243A; US6302627B1; CN1256745A; IL131859A0; JP2001525916A

Abstract

The multipart dowel is inserted into a hole. In one embodiment, the multipart dowel for a removable anchor which is provided with an anchor pin and devoid of any threading is designed as a heavy load anchor consisting of a dowel sleeve (1,2) and an expandable body (1,3) which rests with a collar (1,5) on the opening (1,6) of the dowel on top of the dowel sleeve (1,2) and blocks the heavy load anchor pin (1,1) against unwarranted loosening. The dowel sleeve (1,2) is anchored inside the hole by means of teeth and has several successive annular rings on the inside (1,8). The annular rings (1,9) of the expandable body situated on the outer wall of said body (1,3) are located opposite to the annual rings of the dowel sleeve. The annular rings (1,9) of the expandable body are embodied in such a way that when the expandable body is displaced in relation to the dowel sleeve (1,2), pressure forces act upon the heavy load anchor pin (1,1) and the hole. Rotating clamping bodies (1,11) are inserted into the free spaces (1,10) that are formed between the rings. In another embodiment, the multipart dowel protects the anchor pin (2,1) from unwarranted loosening by means of wedging and provides support to a groove (2,4) in the inside wall of the outer dowel sleeve (2,2) which fits into the hole, whereby said groove has slanted edges (2,6, 2,11) pointing away from the opening (2,5) of the hole, forming slanted planes from the opening (2,5) of the hole onwards.

Description

Multi-part dowel for a removable anchor

The invention relates to a multi-part dowel for a releasable anchor with an anchor post, which can be inserted and released repeatedly.

Anchors for panel cladding, which are permanently inserted into the masonry by means of dowels, are known from DE 39 16 818. These carry thickenings and thus press a drive sleeve against the wall of the hole in the masonry. Saw teeth or lamellae against the pulling direction prevent the armature from being pulled out of the hole.

Furthermore, an anchor bolt with expansion wedges is described in DE 37 14 008. Here the anchor bolt is encased by an expanding wedge. When the anchor bolt is pressed in, the Spreidceil is spread against the wall of the hole. An inseparable connection is also established here. The same applies to a metal expansion anchor according to DE 43 24 244. Here, a conical anchor head presses an expansion tube against the wall of the bore.

Multi-part dowels are also known. DE 43 10 796 describes an expansion anchor which is encased by at least two nested expansion tubes. With an axial pulling motion, the expansion sleeves are radially expanded for anchoring. Metal or plastic dowels are known from DE 30 36 627 and DE 27 11 845, which consist of a dowel sleeve and a dowel, the dowel sleeve having a plurality of inclined scales, tongues and webs on the outside, which insert the dowel into the Allow holes in the axial direction and wedge against this direction. All of these dowels are intended to keep anchor bolts in the subsoil undetachable.

Adjustable and detachable dowels are equipped with threads. For example, an adjustable expansion anchor is known from DE 34 31 905, which consists of an anchor sleeve and an expansion body, a thread cooperating on the outer lateral surface of the expansion body with a thread located on the inner peripheral surface of the anchor sleeve. To release the anchor bolts, CH - P 30 26 54 provides a screw connection between an anchor, threaded jaws and a dowel sleeve, into which the threaded anchor is inserted between the threaded jaws and thereby spreads them so that the threads do not interfere. When there is tensile load, the wedge surfaces of the threaded jaws and the threads wedge and hold the anchor. The anchor can be removed from the dowel be unscrewed by turning.

A detachable two-part anchor dowel for anchor pins has already been proposed, which is pushed into a bore and secures the anchor rod against unintentional loosening by wedging (DE 195 43 214). At least one groove with oblique flanks, which point away from the opening of the bore and form oblique planes, forming a parallelogram in cross section, is embedded in the inner wall of the outer Dubelhulse lining the bore. Inside the dowel sleeve, leaving a free space, is a dowel control ring that carries at least one ring on its outer jacket, which in cross section forms a parallelogram with oblique side surfaces corresponding to the flanks of the groove, engages in the groove and partially fills it. The inner wall of the dowel adjusting ring carries zones of greater pressure and greater friction, at least in the area of the ring or rings. The dowel sleeve is slotted lengthways to mount the anchor adjustment dowel. It can also be open at the bottom, so that the dowel collar without collar is pushed into the dowel sleeve from below and the collar is fastened to the dowel ring after insertion. The dowel sleeve can also be cut from a sheet and wound around the dowel ring. These dowels can only be used fully assembled. It is not possible to replace the dowel ring in the anchored dowel sleeve that is subject to wear.

The object of the invention is to find a multi-part dowel for an anchor that can be detached with simple means and has an anchor pin without thread that can be inserted and released repeatedly.

The solution to the problem is the subject of the characterizing part of the first two

Claims disclosed invention. Further expedient refinements of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The multi-part dowel according to claim is particularly suitable as a heavy-duty dowel. It is inserted into a hole in the material in which the dowels are to be arranged. The multi-part dowel for a releasable heavy-duty anchor with an anchor post consists of dowel sleeve and expansion body, which reaches over the dowel sleeve with a collar at the opening of the dowel and secures the heavy-duty anchor pin against unintentional loosening by jamming. The dowel sleeve, anchored with teeth in the bore and lining the bore, carries several ring beads on the inside one behind the other, those on the outer wall of the expansion body facing ring beads. These ring beads are designed so that when the expansion body is moved relative to the Dubelhulse, compressive forces act against the heavy-duty anchor pin and the bore. In the spaces formed between the beads are clamps rotatably inserted.

Advantages of this embodiment according to claim 1 of the invention are, in particular, easier assembly and disassembly of heavy-duty fastenings, variably adjustable lengths of the heavy-duty anchor pins for load absorption, higher force input on the heavy-duty anchor pin and better adhesion between heavy-duty anchor pin: and mounting hole and a variable cross-section of the heavy-duty anchor pin depending on the application.

The multi-part dowel according to claim 2 is designed in particular as a two-part dowel for anchor pins. It is pushed into a hole in the material in which the dowels are to be placed. It secures the anchor pin against unintentional loosening and carries a groove in the inner wall of the outer dowel sleeve lining the bore with oblique flanks that point away from the opening of the bore and form oblique flanks from the opening of the bore. The groove winds as a spiral along the inner wall. In the dubel sleeve there is an expansion body which can be screwed into the dubel sleeve and is somewhat displaceable in the axial direction of the dowel, which carries at least one bead on its outer jacket, which can engage with its flanks in the flanks of the dubel sleeve, forms side surfaces corresponding to the flanks of the groove and thus an expansion of the expansion body with a corresponding control between Dubelhulse and expansion body allows. The bead winds as a spiral with the same pitch as the groove along the expansion body and partially fills the groove.

The invention will be explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments. The associated drawing shows in Fig. 1 a section through a multi-part dowel according to claim 2 for detachable anchor pins, Fig. 2 shows a white design of the interlocking and corresponding flanks of the dowel sleeve of a multi-part dowel according to claim 2 and the expansion body Fig. 3 shows a sawtooth-like design Flanks of a multi-part anchor according to claim 2 Fig. 4 shows a section through a multi-part anchor according to claim 1 for releasable heavy-duty anchors. The multi-part dowel according to claim 1 for a releasable heavy-duty anchor with anchor pin consists of a Dubelhulse 1.2 and an expansion body 1.3. The heavy-duty anchor pin 1.1, which carries the load to be fastened, is in the expansion body 1.3, which is preferably lined with a lining 1.4. The expansion body 1.3 is surrounded by the dowel sleeve 1.2. The expansion body 1.3 engages with an expansion body 1.5 at the insertion opening 1.6 for the heavy-duty anchor pin 1, 1 covering the end of the dowel sleeve 1,2. The dowel sleeve 1, 2, which can be anchored with teeth 1,7 in a bore (not shown) and lines the bore, has a plurality of dowel sleeve ring beads 1,8 on its inside one behind the other. These DübeUiülsenringwüste 1.8 taper in relation to the axis of symmetry and in the direction of the insertion opening 1.6. On the outer wall of the expansion body 1.3 there are expansion body beads 1.9. These expansion body beads 1.9 are padded with their slope opposite to the slope of the sleeve sleeve beads 1.8. In the free spaces 1.10 formed between the dowel sleeve ring beads 1.8 and expansion body ring beads 1.9, rotational movements of clamping bodies 1.11 are inserted. These Klemmköφer 1.11 are preferably balls. When the heavy-duty anchor pin 1.1 is subjected to tension, the expansion body 1.3 jams over the clamping body 1.11 with the dowel sleeve 1.2 as a result of the ring beads 1.8 and 1.9 according to the invention. In the expansion body 1.3 there is the pressure-elastic chuck 1.4 that when the expansion body 1.3 is compressed, its friction on the heavy-duty anchor pin 1, 1 increases. There are 1.4 in the pressure-elastic lining

Spiked bodies or corundum bodies, which, under pressure, caused by the load entry on the heavy-duty anchor pin 1.1, released by the elastic chuck 1.4, act on the heavy-duty anchor pin 1.1. A construction of the pressure-elastic lining 1.4 in the form of webs along or across the expansion body 1.3 is also possible. Bars made of pressure-elastic material lie directly on the heavy-duty anchor pin 1, 1. In between there are webs made of material with a high coefficient of friction, but which do not touch the heavy-duty anchor pin 1.1 in the unloaded state. If the heavy-duty anchor pin 1.1 is axially loaded by tension, the expansion body 1.3 is pulled out of the e-sleeve 1.2. The Klemmköφer 1.11 in the shrinking free spaces 1.10 against the walls of the dowel sleeve 1.2 and the expansion body 1.3 and generate radially acting compressive forces to the outside and to the inside of the hole

Heavy duty anchor pin 1.1. The pressure-elastic material of the chuck 1.4 is deformed, the material with a high coefficient of friction is engaged, which in turn holds the heavy-duty anchor pin 1.1. To release the heavy-duty anchor pin 1.1, it is pressed into the dowel, the clamp bodies 1.11 decrease in that when pressed into the dowel moving expansion body 1.3 enlarging free spaces 1.10 the pressure on the heavy-duty anchor pin 1.1, the lining 1.4 pushes the expansion body 1.3 away from the heavy-duty anchor pin 1.1 and by exerting pressure on the expansion body collar 1.5 of the expansion body 1.3 in this

Control, the heavy-duty anchor pin 1, 1 can be pulled out of the dowel according to the invention.

The expansion body 1.3 normally has a cavity with a round cross section for receiving the heavy-duty anchor pin 1.1. However, this cavity can also have a polygonal or elliptical cross section for special cases, z. B. is not possible when using a square heavy-duty anchor pin twisting this heavy-duty anchor pin.

In the manufacture of a dowel according to the invention according to claim 1, it is advantageous to arrange the clamping bodies 1, 11 in chambers which are located in the dowel sleeve 1, 2 under closable openings. As a result, the clamping bodies 1, 11 are fixed in the free spaces 1, 10 in a defined position within the dowel.

If the expansion body collar 1.5 is omitted in the manufacture of dowels, the heavy-duty anchor pin 1.1 cannot be released without special aids. In addition to the spherical shape, the clamping bodies 1, 11 can also be molded as rollers, rings, ring segments or cones.

The inner cavity of the expansion body 1.3 can be open at both ends. This makes it possible to use heavy-duty anchor pins 1.1 of great length and, depending on the intended use, to push the heavy-duty anchor pins 1.1 through the dowel into the correspondingly deep material hole. The result is variably adjustable lengths of the engaged heavy-duty anchor pin for load suspension.

In the inner cavity of the expansion body 1.3, a spring, for. B. a leaf or coil spring, be arranged between the end of the spreader body and the heavy-duty anchor pin end, which preloads the heavy-duty anchor pin 1.1 and a better jamming even in extreme, e.g. B. causes vibrating stress cases. The spring can be arranged in the area of a free space 1.10 between dowel sleeve 1.2 and expansion body 1.3, but here as a spiral spring 1.10. An arrangement between the end of the dowel sleeve and the end of the expansion body is also possible. For a better solution of the heavy-duty anchor pin 1.1, at least one dowel ring bead 1.8 and a corresponding expansion body bead 1.9 can be designed with their ends in such a way that they form an acute angle with their base, mesh with one another and the two contacting surfaces are arranged in a wedge shape. For this purpose, the heavy-duty anchor pin 1, 1 is pushed into the dowel. The expansion body 1.3 is also shifted relative to the dowel sleeve. The areas of wedge-shaped contacting one another now cause the expansion body 1, 3 to spread apart. In this control, the heavy-duty anchor pin 1.1 can be pulled very easily out of the inner cavity of the expansion body 1.3.

1 to 3 show a multi-part dowel according to claim 2 for detachable anchor pins. According to the invention, the multi-part dowel in the design as a two-part dowel for anchor pins 2.1 consists of a dowel sleeve 2.2 into which an expansion body 2.3 is screwed. For this purpose, there is a groove 2.4 in the dowel sleeve 2.2 with oblique flanks 2.6 and 2, 11 which point away from the opening 2.5 of the dubel sleeve 2.2 and form oblique planes and from the opening 2.5 of the dowel sleeve 2 , 2 arranged at the beginning, which winds as a spiral along the inner wall. The Spreizköφer 2.3 carries on its outer jacket a bulge 2.7, which forms with the flanks 2.6 and 2.11 of the groove 2.4 corresponding side surfaces which form a spiral along the same slope as the groove 2.4 Spreading body 2.3 twists. The bead 2.7 after the screwing of the expansion body 2.3 into the dowel sleeve 2.2 partially exits the groove 2.4 and permits limited axial sliding of the expansion body 2.3 in the direction of the dowel axis. The spreader body 2.3 engages with a spreader body 2.8 at the opening 2.5 covering the end of the dowel sleeve 2.2. In the expansion body 2,3 there is preferably a pressure-elastic chuck 2,9 that increases the friction on the anchor pin 2, 1 when the load is introduced via the anchor post 2, 1. The bulge 2.7 on the expansion body 2.3 and the groove 2.4 can have a cross-section deviating from a ParaUelogram. So the bead 2.7 'and the groove 2.4' z. B. have a sawtooth-shaped or white cross-section, cut along the axis of symmetry. To secure the dowel in the material bore, 2.2 elevations can be arranged on the outside of the dowel sleeve.

To assemble the two-part dowel for anchor pins 2.1, the expansion body 2.3 is screwed into the dowel sleeve 2.2 until the collar 2.8 stops. To fasten an anchor pin 2, 1 in a plug inserted in a material bore, the anchor pin 2, 1 is inserted into the expansion body 2, 3 and pushes the expansion body 2, 3 deeper into the dowel sleeve 2.2. The Spreizköφer 2.3 runs with the bulge 2.7 on the flanks 2.11 of the groove 2.4 and is thereby spread out, so that the anchor pin 2, 1 can be easily inserted. If the anchor pin 2, 1 is now subjected to tension, it pulls the expansion body 2.3 out of the Dubelhulse 2.2 due to the static friction. The bead 2.7 runs on the flanks 2.6 of the groove 2.4, whereby the expansion body 2.3 is compressed. This increases the friction on the anchor post 2, L. This effect is reinforced by the chuck 2,9, which is constructed in such a way that when the spreader body 2, 3 is pressed together, the inner surface engages the anchor pin 2, 1 with a large coefficient of friction. If the anchor pin 2, 1 are removed from the dowel, it is inserted into the dowel together with the expansion body and the expansion body 2, 3 expanded. This process is supported by the pressure-elastic lining 2.9. By pressurizing the expansion body 2.8, the expansion body 2, 3 is held in this position and the anchor pin 2, 1 can be pulled out of the dowel.

The dowel sleeve 2.2 can have one or more grids on its outer circumference. The dowel can be separated at these grids. The grids are used to adjust the length of the anchor.

To increase the friction on the anchor pin 2, 1 2.9 in the pressure-elastic chuck

Spike bodies, which are preferably oriented obliquely to the axis of symmetry or corundum bodies are introduced.

The expansion body 2,3 normally has a cavity with a round cross section for receiving the anchor pin 2, 1. However, this cavity can also have a polygonal cross section for special cases, e.g. B. is not possible when using a square anchor pin 2.1 twisting. The arrangement of a raster on the dowel sleeve collar 2, 10 and / or on the expansion body collar 2.8 prevents rotation of the expansion body 2, 3 relative to the dowel sleeve 2.2. This grid preferably consists of a series of elevations and depressions. In the case of vibration-like loads and the use of a smooth anchor pin 2.1, a continuous groove is arranged on the inside of the expansion body 2.3 over the entire length, this groove having one or more lateral radial recesses into the lugs additionally attached to the anchor post 2, 1 intervene by twisting and thus reliably prevents an automatic loosening of the anchor pin 2.1. In the inner cavity of the Spreizköφers 2,3 a spring, for. B. a leaf or spiral spring, be arranged between Spreizköφerende and Ankerstifte angeordnetde, which preloads the anchor pin 2.1 and a better jamming even in extreme, z. B. swinging

Stress causes. An arrangement between the end of the dowel sleeve and the end of the expansion body is also possible.

For special applications, the expansion body 2, 3 can be protected, made of VoU material or materials of different densities.

Claims

Claims:

1. Multi-part dowel for a releasable anchor with an outer dowel sleeve and a spreader body movable therein with a collar extending over the end of the dowel sleeve, characterized in that on the inside of the dowel sleeve (1, 2) one or more dowel sleeve ring beads (1.8 ), which taper in relation to the axis of symmetry and in the direction of the insertion opening (1,6), on the expansion body (1,3) on its outer wall correspondingly one or more expansion body beads (1,9), with their slope opposite to the slope of the

DübeUiülsenringwüste (1,8) are lined, are arranged in the axial direction and that there are one or more clamping bodies (1.11) in the free spaces (1.10) between the dowel sleeve ring bead (1.8) and the expansion body bead (1.9) ) are located.

2.Multi-part dowel for a releasable anchor with an outer dowel sleeve and a spreader body displaceable therein, wherein a groove with oblique, oblique planes flanking the opening of the dowel sleeve and flanks pointing away from the opening of the dowel sleeve is arranged in the inner wall of the outer dowel sleeve, and the expansion body has a bulge on its outer jacket and forms oblique side surfaces corresponding to the flanks of the groove, characterized in that the groove (2,4) winds as a spiral along the inner wall of the nozzle sleeve (2,2) and that in the nozzle sleeve ( 2.2) a spreader body (2.3) is arranged so that it can be screwed in, the bead (2.7) winding as a spiral with the same pitch as the groove (2.4) along the spreader body (2.3) and the groove ( 2.4) partially, a limited axial sliding of the expansion body (2,3) in the direction of the dowel allows. 3. Multi-day dowel for a releasable anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the expansion body (1,

3) is lined on the inside with a pressure-elastic lining (1,4).

4. Multi-part dowel for a releasable anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the Klemmköφer (1,11) balls, rollers, rings, ring segments or cones.

5. Multi-part dowel for a releasable anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that closable openings are arranged in the jacket of the dowel sleeve (1, 2).

6. Multi-part dowel for a releasable anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the Klemmköφer (1, 11) are arranged in chambers.

7. Multi-part dowel for a releasable anchor according to claim 3, characterized in that in the pressure-elastic lining (1,4) Spikesköφer preferably in a deviating from the axis of symmetry WinkeUage or Korundköφer are introduced.

8. Multi-part dowel for a releasable anchor according to claim 3, characterized in that the pressure-elastic lining (1,4) in webs along or across the Spreizköφer (1,3) are under-cut.

9. Multi-part dowel for a releasable anchor according to claim 8, characterized in that part of these webs made of pressure-elastic material lie directly on the heavy-duty anchor pin (1,1) and between these webs in the unloaded state of the heavy-duty anchor pin (1,1) non-adjacent webs made of material are arranged with a large coefficient of friction.

10. Multi-part dowel for a releasable anchor according to claim 1 and 3 to 9, characterized in that the cross section of the inner cavity of the expansion body (1,3) has a polygonal or elliptical cross section.

11. Multi-part dowel for a releasable anchor according to claim 1 and 3 to 10, characterized in that on the expansion body (1,3) the DübeUiülsenringwüste (1,8) and on the DübeUiülse (1,2), the Spreizköφerringwülste (1,9 ) are arranged.

12. Multi-part dowel for a releasable anchor according to claim 1 and 3 to 11, characterized in that the inner cavity of the expansion body (1,3) is open at both ends.

13. Multi-part dowel for a releasable anchor according to claim 1 and 3 to 11, characterized in that in the inner opening of the expansion body (1,3) a spring is arranged between the end of the expansion body and the heavy-duty anchor end.

14. Multi-part dowel for a releasable anchor according to claim 1 and 3 to 11, characterized in that a spiral spring is arranged in the region of a free space (1, 10) between dowel sleeve (1, 2) and expansion body (1, 3).

15. Multi-part dowel for a releasable anchor according to claim 1 and 3 to 11, characterized in that a spring is arranged between the dowel sleeve end and Spreizköφerende.

16. Multi-part dowel for a releasable anchor according to claim 1 and 3 to 11, characterized in that the expansion body (1,3) consists of solid material.

17. Multi-part dowel for a releasable anchor according to claim 1 and 3 to 16, characterized in that at least one dowel sleeve ring bead (1,8 ') and a corresponding one

Spreizköφerringwulst (1,9 ') with their ends are so that they bulge at an acute angle to their base, interlock and the two contacting surfaces are arranged in a wedge shape.

18. Multi-part dowel for releasable anchors according to claim 2, characterized in that the expansion body (2,3) is lined on the inside with a pressure-elastic lining (2,9).

19. Multi-part dowel for releasable anchors according to claim 2, characterized in that the wall of the expansion body (2, 3) is slit lengthways.

20. Multi-part dowel for releasable anchors according to claim 2, 18 and 19, characterized in that on the dowel sleeve collar (2,10) and / or on the expansion body collar (2,8) a raster from one

Sequence of surveys and depressions is arranged.

21. Multi-part dowel for releasable anchors according to claim 18, characterized in that spiked bodies or corundum bodies are introduced into the pressure-elastic lining (2.9).

22. Multi-part dowel for releasable anchors according to claim 2 and 18 to 21, characterized in that the cross section of the inner cavity of the expansion body (2, 3) has a polygonal or elliptical cross section.

23. Multi-part dowel for releasable anchors according to claim 2 and 18 to 22, characterized in that the bead (2,7) on the expansion body (2,3) has a cross-section deviating from a ParaUelogram, cut along the axis of symmetry.

24. Multi-part dowel for releasable anchors according to claim 23, characterized in that the groove (2,4 ') and the bead (2,7') a weUenformig or sawtooth-like design of the interlocking and corresponding flanks of the dowel sleeve (2,2) and of the expansion body (2,3).

25. Multi-part dowel for releasable anchors according to claim 2 and 18 to 24, characterized in that elevations are arranged on the outside of the dowel sleeve (2, 2).

26. Multi-part dowel for releasable anchors according to claim 2, characterized in that a groove with one or more creeping radial recesses are arranged on the inside of the expansion body (2, 3).

27. Multi-part dowel for releasable anchors according to claim 2 and 18 to 26, characterized in that in the inner opening of the expansion body (2, 3) a spring is arranged between the end of the expansion body and the end of the anchor pin.

28. Multi-part dowel for releasable anchors according to claim 2 and 18 to 27, characterized in that a spring is arranged between the dowel sleeve (2.2) and the expansion body (2.3).

29. Multi-part EKibel for releasable anchors according to claim 2 and 18 to 27, characterized in that one or more grids visible on its outer circumference are arranged on the sleeve (2,2).

30. Multi-part dowel for releasable anchors according to claim 2, characterized in that the Spreizköφer (2,3) consist of VoUmaterial or materials of different densities.