EP0963533B1 - Rotierender brenner für festen brennstoff - Google Patents

Rotierender brenner für festen brennstoff Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0963533B1
EP0963533B1 EP98908396A EP98908396A EP0963533B1 EP 0963533 B1 EP0963533 B1 EP 0963533B1 EP 98908396 A EP98908396 A EP 98908396A EP 98908396 A EP98908396 A EP 98908396A EP 0963533 B1 EP0963533 B1 EP 0963533B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
reactor drum
fuel
combustion chamber
reactor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98908396A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0963533A1 (de
Inventor
Jan Magnusson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Swedish Bioburner System AB
Original Assignee
Swedish Bioburner System AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/SE1997/001113 external-priority patent/WO1997049951A1/en
Application filed by Swedish Bioburner System AB filed Critical Swedish Bioburner System AB
Publication of EP0963533A1 publication Critical patent/EP0963533A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0963533B1 publication Critical patent/EP0963533B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/30—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber
    • F23B1/32—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber rotating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
    • F23G7/105—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses of wood waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/20—Rotary drum furnace
    • F23G2203/207—Rotary drum furnace with air supply ports in the sidewall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/20—Rotary drum furnace
    • F23G2203/211—Arrangement of a plurality of drums
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/12—Waste feed arrangements using conveyors
    • F23G2205/121—Screw conveyor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the combustion of solid fuel in the form of granules, pellets, chips or other fragmented or finely divided form, comprising a rotary reactor drum, which forms the main combustion chamber and has a rear end wall and at the opposite end an outlet for combustion gases to a boiler part for heat transfer to water-cooled surfaces, for example, or other heat-absorbing means, an inlet for combustion air to the main combustion chamber, means for feeding fuel through the rear end wall of the reactor drum and means for rotating the reactor drum around its centre axis.
  • the Swedish patent specification 450734 shows a combustion device which is used to a large extent.
  • the Swedish patent application 9602495-5 which has not yet been published, shows another, improved combustion device with a double-walled reactor drum, in which the space between the inner and outer reactor walls is divided into longitudinal channels, means being disposed for leading combustion air into at least some of these channels and the inner reactor drum wall being provided with through holes for the introduction of combustion air from the channels into the combustion chamber in the reactor drum.
  • a related combustion device is disclosed also by the European patent application EP 0 346 531 A.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a combustion device of the type specified in the preamble, which can generate more power than other combustion devices of the same size and equipped in the same manner.
  • the enclosed drawing shows a side view, partly in section, of a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • the device shown in the drawing comprises the following main components: a reactor drum I, the inside of which forms a main or primary combustion chamber 13, an after- or secondary combustion chamber 14, a fan 27 for combustion air, a feed screw 40 in a fuel feed pipe 18 for solid fuel in the form of particles, a motor 41 for rotating the feed screw 40, a driving device 34 for rotating the reactor drum 1 around an inclined axis of rotation 2, a down pipe 42 for the fuel and air conduits, here designated 51, for the combustion air.
  • the angle of inclination of the reactor drum 1 in relation to the horizontal, with the front opening 3 of the reactor drum for combustion gases directed obliquely upwards, amounts to 15°.
  • the space between the inner and outer walls is designated 54.
  • the inner wall is provided with holes 55 both in the cylindrical part and in the rear end part for the introduction of combustion air into the main combustion chamber 13.
  • the intermediate space 54 is divided into channels, such as described in detail in said SE96024955-3, which is hereby incorporated by reference into the present specification. More precisely, the air that flows through these channels can be regulated by valves, so that the combustion air is introduced preferably or mainly into the parts of the main combustion chamber 13 where the fuel accumulates.
  • fingers 56 are also located on the inside of the reactor drum 1, which extend from a distance behind the front opening 3 right back to the rear wall 65 and follow the rotation of the reactor drum 1.
  • a difference in relation to the device according to said SE9602495-5 is that the air is drawn in by the fan 27 through an air intake 27A and pushed via the air conduits 51 and via the slide valve (not shown) into the air injection pipe/axle 19, and from the inside 20 of this on into the channels in the intermediate space 54 and finally through the holes 55 into the combustion chamber 13.
  • the characteristic feature of the invention is in the first instance an inner, smaller drum 60 in the rear part of the reactor drum 1.
  • the inner, smaller drum 60 is cylindrical and has a perforated jacket.
  • the drum consists of a sheet metal drum with holes in the jacket, but a net drum is also conceivable.
  • the holes in the jacket are designated 61. These are so small - the diameter or greatest extension amounts to 10 mm maximum, preferably 8 mm maximum - that the fuel particles cannot pass through them to any considerable degree.
  • the drum 60 is completely open. This opening is designated 62.
  • the drum 60 is coaxial with the reactor drum 1 and surrounds a central feed opening 63 which forms the orifice of the feed tube 18 for the fuel, which is fed in by the feed screw 40.
  • the diameter of the drum 60 is somewhat larger than the opening 63.
  • the rear end wall 65 of the reactor drum 1 has no inlet openings for combustion air.
  • an alternative of this kind is conceivable, i.e. air injection openings in the said annular space 64 also.
  • the drum 60 is welded to the rear end wall of the reactor drum 1.
  • the reactor drum 1 rotates and with it also the inner drum 60, at the same time as fuel is fed through the central opening 63 by means of the feed screw into the smaller, inner drum 60.
  • the fuel then falls through the front opening 62 and down towards the wall of the reactor drum 1 and further down into the space 67 between the reactor drum 1 and the inner drum 60 in the rear part of the main combustion chamber 13.
  • the fuel in the main combustion chamber 13 is burned by means of the primary air which is blown in through the openings 55 in the jacket and in the rear end wall.
  • the fuel which is gradually fed into the inner drum 60 is dried in this drum before continuing into the main combustion chamber.
  • the inner drum 60 therefore functions as a pre-fire-grate, in which any remaining moisture in the fuel is substantially eliminated.
  • the smaller drum 60 appears to function in such a way that more fuel can accumulate during combustion in the main combustion chamber, in that the annular space 67 is more or less filled with fuel which, by means of the fingers 56 interacting with the inner drum 60, follows the rotation of the combustion device, which further increases the power generation of the combustion device.
  • the drum 1 does not necessarily have to be rotated continuously and at a constant speed.
  • the speed can be varied depending on the power generation required and can also take place intermittently. Changes between continuous and intermittent rotation can also take place.
  • Air also flows out through a number of openings 46 in the bottom part of the annular end wall, which limits the space 54 forwards and thereby the channels in the said space.
  • the secondary air which is thus blown out through the openings 46 maintains the combustion in the after-or secondary combustion chamber 14, in particular the combustion of products which were not completely burnt in the main or primary combustion chamber 13 but passed out into the after-combustion chamber 14.
  • the front part of the after-combustion chamber is designed to be conically tapering.
  • the temperature is nevertheless comparatively low, normally approx. 700-800°C, which is favourable from the environmental point of view with regard to the fact that this part of the burner is outside the boiler.
  • the temperature may rise to over 1000-1300°C, typically approx. 1250°C, which is favourable, since this gives an efficient heat transfer to the convection part of the boiler, which is not shown.
  • the rotating drum 1 can be disposed completely horizontally.
  • the drum should be made tapering, e.g. conically tapering, from the rear wall forwards, so that the bottom of the drum has roughly the same angle of inclination as shown in the embodiment described, i.e. 15°, due to which the fuel in this case will accumulate in the rear part 67 of the drum, where the injection of primary air is concentrated.
  • a design which is most suitable from some points of view, however, has a burner which is completely void of comers, e.g. a burner with the principal shape of an egg or pear cut off at both ends, in which the more pointed part is directed forwards towards the outlet opening.
  • the burner is double-walled with the intermediate space between the walls divided into channels, or otherwise provided with channels for combustion air from the air inlet pipe, which surrounds the central fuel feed pipe, and further outwards and forwards.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Holders For Apparel And Elements Relating To Apparel (AREA)
  • Washing And Drying Of Tableware (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Vorrichtung für die Verbrennung von festem Brennstoff in Form von Granulat, Pellets, Chips oder einer anderen fragmentierten oder fein geteilten Form, aufweisend eine doppelwandige, rotierende Reaktortrommel (1), die einen Raum (54) zwischen der inneren und der äußeren Wand bildet, wobei die Reaktortrommel (1) eine Hauptbrennkammer (13) bildet, die einen hinteren Teil (67) und einen vorderen Teil aufweist und eine hintere Endwand (65) und am gegenüberliegenden Ende einen Auslass (3) zum Durchlassen von Verbrennungsgasen zu einem Boilerabschnitt zum Wärmetransfer z.B. auf wassergekühlte Flächen oder andere wärmeabsorbierende Mittel, einen Einlass (55) zum Durchlassen von Verbrennungsluft in die Hauptbrennkammer (13), Mittel (40) zum Zustellen von Brennstoff durch die hintere Endwand (65) der Reaktortrommel (1) und Mittel (34) zum Rotieren der Reaktortrommel (1) um ihre Mittelachse (2) hat, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich in der Hauptverbrennungskammer (13), in ihrem hinteren Teil (67), eine innere Trommel (60) mit einer perforierten Ummantelung befindet, wobei die innere Trommel (60) kleinere Abmessungen als die Reaktortrommel (1) hat und koaxial mit der größeren Trommel (1) angeordnet ist und mit dieser um deren Mittelachse (2) rotierbar ist, so dass wenigstens der Großteil des Brennstoffs so angeordnet wird, dass er der inneren kleineren Trommel (60) zugestellt wird und von dieser in die umgebende Hauptverbrennungskammer (13).
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der äußere Durchmesser der inneren Trommel (60) wenigstens ein Viertel und höchstens drei Viertel des inneren Durchmessers der Reaktortrommel (1) ist, vorzugsweise wenigstens ein Drittel und höchsten zwei Drittel des inneren Durchmessers der Reaktortrommel (1).
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die innere Trommel (60) eine Länge von wenigstens einem Fünftel der Länge und höchstens drei Fünftel der Länge der Reaktortrommel (1) hat, vorzugsweise wenigstens ein Viertel und höchstens die Hälfte der Länge der Reaktortrommel.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die inneren perforierten Trommelöffnungen (61) in der Trommelummantelung einen Durchmesser oder eine maximale Ausdehnung von 10 mm maximal, vorzugsweise 8 mm maximal haben, so dass wenigstens der Großteil des festen Brennstoffs nicht durch diese Öffnungen passieren kann, sondern nur durch eine vordere Öffnung (62) der kleineren Trommel.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Reaktortrommel (1) schräg ist, so dass der Auslass (3) für die Verbrennungsgase schräg nach oben gerichtet ist, wodurch der Brennstoff, wenn er die innere Trommel (60) durch die vordere Öffnung (62) verlässt, sich im Wesentlichen im hinteren, ringförmigen Raum (67) des Brenners zwischen der inneren Trommel und der Reaktortrommel ansammelt.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Neigungswinkel im Verhältnis zur horizontalen Ebene 5° bis 30°, vorzugsweise 10° bis 20° und am geeignetsten 15° ist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einlassöffnungen (55) für die Verbrennungsluft sowohl im Bereich der hinteren Endwand (65) der Reaktortrommel, wenigstens außerhalb der inneren Trommel, und im Bereich zwischen der Endwand und der vorderen Auslassöffnung angeordnet sind.
  8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass keine Einlassöffnungen für Verbrennungsluft in der hinteren Endwand im ringförmigen Bereich (64) hinter der inneren, kleineren Trommel (60) zwischen einer Zustellöffnung (63) für Brennstoff und der kleineren Trommel angeordnet sind.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Brenner die Form einer zylindrisch oder konisch zulaufenden Trommel hat.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Brenner im Wesentlichen die Form eines Eis, einer Birne oder einer anderen doppelkurvigen Form hat, die an beiden Enden abgeschnitten ist und bei der die Endwand allmählich in die Seitenwand übergeht.
EP98908396A 1997-03-05 1998-03-03 Rotierender brenner für festen brennstoff Expired - Lifetime EP0963533B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9700793 1997-03-05
SE9700793A SE519899C2 (sv) 1997-03-05 1997-03-05 Förbränningsanordning med roterande brännkammare
PCT/SE1997/001113 WO1997049951A1 (en) 1996-06-25 1997-06-23 Rotary burner for solid fuel
WOPCT/SE97/01113 1997-06-23
PCT/SE1998/000374 WO1998039600A1 (en) 1997-03-05 1998-03-03 Rotary burner for solid fuel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0963533A1 EP0963533A1 (de) 1999-12-15
EP0963533B1 true EP0963533B1 (de) 2003-05-21

Family

ID=20406034

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98908396A Expired - Lifetime EP0963533B1 (de) 1997-03-05 1998-03-03 Rotierender brenner für festen brennstoff

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0963533B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE241111T1 (de)
AU (1) AU6643298A (de)
DK (1) DK0963533T3 (de)
NO (1) NO315672B1 (de)
SE (1) SE519899C2 (de)
WO (1) WO1998039600A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2907198A1 (fr) * 2006-10-12 2008-04-18 S N E Ronot Bruleur a cereales

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3513788A (en) * 1968-10-08 1970-05-26 Albert Ostrin Rotary incinerator with spinning cup burner
GB2079910B (en) * 1980-07-08 1983-11-09 Dalby Harry Robert Solid fuel burner
DE3867065D1 (de) * 1988-06-13 1992-01-30 John Hall Brenner fuer festen brennstoff.
FI95746C (fi) * 1994-04-20 1996-03-11 Matti Pappinen Laitteisto kostean polttoaineen polttamiseksi

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9700793L (sv) 1998-09-06
SE519899C2 (sv) 2003-04-22
SE9700793D0 (sv) 1997-03-05
WO1998039600A1 (en) 1998-09-11
EP0963533A1 (de) 1999-12-15
ATE241111T1 (de) 2003-06-15
NO994307L (no) 1999-09-03
NO994307D0 (no) 1999-09-03
AU6643298A (en) 1998-09-22
NO315672B1 (no) 2003-10-06
DK0963533T3 (da) 2003-09-01

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