EP0963171A1 - A window and glazing for a window - Google Patents

A window and glazing for a window

Info

Publication number
EP0963171A1
EP0963171A1 EP98906273A EP98906273A EP0963171A1 EP 0963171 A1 EP0963171 A1 EP 0963171A1 EP 98906273 A EP98906273 A EP 98906273A EP 98906273 A EP98906273 A EP 98906273A EP 0963171 A1 EP0963171 A1 EP 0963171A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thermoplastic sheet
glass
glazing unit
sheet
glass sheets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98906273A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0963171A4 (en
EP0963171B1 (en
Inventor
Dominic Patrick Smith
Jan Aalbert Harteveld
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SABIC Global Technologies BV
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Publication of EP0963171A1 publication Critical patent/EP0963171A1/en
Publication of EP0963171A4 publication Critical patent/EP0963171A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0963171B1 publication Critical patent/EP0963171B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
    • E06B3/66366—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit specially adapted for units comprising more than two panes or for attaching intermediate sheets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to window glazing units, and more particularly, to window glazing units comprising a shatter- resistant thermoplastic sheet positioned parallel to, and between two glass sheets.
  • Double-paned window glazing units are frequently employed in construction due to their favorable insulating properties.
  • Such double glazed windows have advantageous thermal insulating properties because a space exists between the two panes of glass. This space acts as a thermal barrier.
  • Such windows have a serious drawback however, in that they remain susceptible to being easily broken.
  • Triple glazed windows are also know as described, for example in U.S. Patent No. 5,553,440. Such windows may also be broken easily, particularly if all three sheets of glazing are glass.
  • a further disadvantage of such units is that moisture may condense between the sheets of glazing.
  • such window units may fail if the panes are made from different materials, because the pane materials may differ in their coefficient of thermal expansion.
  • an improved window glazing unit which may be bullet-resistant, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art, and which offers the advantages of being shatter-resistant (and possibly bullet resistant).
  • the improved window glazing unit also has the ability to remain hermetically sealed through normal atmospheric temperature variations (i.e., -30° F to 100° F), resisting any tendency to separate due to differences in the thermal expansion coefficient of the glazing sheets. Because these windows remain sealed, they do not develop moisture between the panes. Moreover, the windows remain dry inside because they may contain a desiccant as described further below.
  • the window glazing unit comprises two glass sheets and a shatter resistant thermoplastic sheet held parallel to, and between both glass sheets.
  • the thermoplastic sheets are separated from the glass sheet by a U-shaped connecting rib which contacts both glass sheets and the thermoplastic sheet, or by two separate rectangular connecting ribs which respectively connect the first glass sheet with the thermoplastic sheet, and the second glass sheet with the thermoplastic sheet.
  • the rectangular connecting ribs and/ or the U-shaped connecting rib may contain a desiccant which is exposed to the spaces between the thermoplastic sheet, and the first and second ribs.
  • the sides of the ribs exposed to the interior space of the window may be perforated, or they may have a gas permeable barrier.
  • the window glazing unit again comprises two glass sheets and a shatter-resistant thermoplastic sheet held between, and parallel to both glass sheets.
  • the edge of the thermoplastic sheet is held within a channel of a U- shaped connecting rib, which runs around the edge of the thermoplastic sheet, and separates the thermoplastic sheet from both glass sheets.
  • the U-shaped connecting rib optionally is surrounded on its outer circumference opposite the edge of the thermoplastic sheet by a supporting strip made from a material permeable to moisture, such as metal or plastic
  • the remaining space between the edges of the glass sheets and the optional supporting strip on the outer edge of the U- shaped connecting rib is typically filled with a sealant.
  • Both of the above-described embodiments may be built of sufficiently robust materials to act as bullet-resistant glazing.
  • the glazing functions as described below.
  • the first glass surface i.e. the attack surface
  • the first glass surface i.e. the attack surface
  • the deformed bullet then impacts the bullet-resistant thermoplastic sheet, and is stopped by said sheet.
  • the thermoplastic sheet deforms, but does not touch the surface
  • the present invention may be employed to advantage in standard construction glazing applications as well as bullet-proof glazing applications.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a corner portion of a window according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of an edge portion of an 25 embodiment of a glazing according to the invention, as used in the window shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 shows a sectional view corresponding to Fig. 1 of a further embodiment of a glazing according to the invention.
  • This embodiment employs a U-shaped connecting rib.
  • Fig. 4 shows a sectional view of a further embodiment of a glazing according to the invention.
  • This embodiment employs a U- shaped connecting rib having an extended channel.
  • Glazing 2 is placed in the casing 1.
  • This glazing 2 comprises a pair of panes 3 and 4 made of glass, which are placed at a distance from, and parallel to, each other.
  • the panes 3 and 4 are heat tempered glass.
  • the thickness of the glass panes relates to impact resistance and weight requirements. In one embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the glass varies between 4 and 6 mm.
  • the glass panes may themselves comprise several sheets of glass laminated together.
  • a sheet of plastic 5 is installed parallel to, and between, the panes 3 and 4.
  • the sheet of plastic 5 is positioned at a distance from said panes 3 and 4.
  • the sheet of plastic 5 is preferably manufactured from polycarbonate.
  • the plastic may be made from polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene terepthalates, and other transparent plastics having greater impact resistance than glass.
  • the edges of panes 3 and 4 project beyond the edge of the sheet 5.
  • spacing devices 6 are installed between the sheets of glazing which, for example, may consist of the square or rectangular shapes used in common double glazing. These spacing devices 6 have one side facing the interior space between the plastic sheet 5 and the two panes 3 and 4 which is partially open, coupled by a membrane permeable to moisture, or perforated.
  • the spacing devices may be filled with a desiccant.
  • the space between the panes projecting beyond the peripheral edge of the sheet 5 is filled with a sealant 7, such as hot fusible butyl or silicone, etc.
  • a butyl rubber layer 8 may be applied to the sides of the spacing devices facing the panes 3 and 4 and the sheet 5. This butyl rubber layer 8 deforms to help prevent failure due to differences in thermal expansion between the panes 3 and 4, and the plastic sheet 5.
  • glazing 2 composed of the panes 3 and 4 with the thermoplastic sheet 5 placed between them with the spacing devices 6 and the butyl sealant 7 can be manufactured to size as a unit in a workshop suitable for this purpose and then placed in the casing to form the window. In such case, a partial vacuum may be created in the spaces between the sheet 5 and the panes 3 and 4. Alternatively, this space may be filled with a gas having a lower thermal conductivity than air. Both of these procedures will make the window more thermally efficient.
  • Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the invention wherein a U- shaped connecting rib 9 is attached to the first and second glass panes 3 and 4.
  • the U-shaped connecting rib 9 fastens the first and second panes 3 and 4 substantially parallel to the thermoplastic sheet 5.
  • a supporting strip 10 is oriented substantially perpendicular to, and joins the first and second panes 3 and 4.
  • the supporting strip 10 separates the U-shaped connecting rib 9 from a sealant 11, which fills the remaining space extending to the edges of the first and second panes 3 and 4.
  • This U-shaped connecting rib 9 can be manufactured from a butyl rubber or similar material, and is preferably reinforced by a metal (e.g., aluminum) strip 10, which is attached to the side of the U- shaped connecting rib 9 facing away from the peripheral edge of the thermoplastic sheet 5.
  • a metal e.g., aluminum
  • the sealant 11 may comprise hot fusible butyl rubber, silicone rubber, or other known sealants.
  • the U-shaped connecting rib 9 has a channel 12 which allows for expansion and contraction of the thermoplastic sheet 5.
  • thermoplastic 5 having a coefficient of expansion which differs from that of the panes 3 and 4. It is also possible to use laminated glass sheets to enhance bullet-resistance properties of the glazing.
  • the glazing could be a fixed window, a window which may be opened, a swing door, a sliding door, or another transparent structural article.
  • the above-described embodiments of the invention are intended to be merely exemplary, and all such variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended Claims.

Abstract

A window glazing unit which has two glass sheets (3, 4) surrounding an impact-resistant thermoplastic sheet (5). The glazing unit has a structure which avoids formation of condensation within the unit. The glazing unit may be bullet-resistant.

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT APPLICATION
FOR
A WINDOW AND GLAZING FOR A WINDOW
This application claims rights of priority based on Dutch Patent Application Serial No. NL 1005224 filed on February 10, 1997, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Background of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to window glazing units, and more particularly, to window glazing units comprising a shatter- resistant thermoplastic sheet positioned parallel to, and between two glass sheets.
Conventional double-paned window glazing units are frequently employed in construction due to their favorable insulating properties. Such double glazed windows have advantageous thermal insulating properties because a space exists between the two panes of glass. This space acts as a thermal barrier. Such windows have a serious drawback however, in that they remain susceptible to being easily broken. Triple glazed windows are also know as described, for example in U.S. Patent No. 5,553,440. Such windows may also be broken easily, particularly if all three sheets of glazing are glass. A further disadvantage of such units is that moisture may condense between the sheets of glazing. Moreover, such window units may fail if the panes are made from different materials, because the pane materials may differ in their coefficient of thermal expansion.
For the foregoing reasons, there is a need for a window glazing unit that is shatter resistant, is thermally efficient, is relatively light and which avoids developing water condensate between its panes. There is a further need for a bullet-resistant glazing having these same properties. Summary of the Invention
There is provided, in accordance with the invention, an improved window glazing unit which may be bullet-resistant, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art, and which offers the advantages of being shatter-resistant (and possibly bullet resistant).
The improved window glazing unit also has the ability to remain hermetically sealed through normal atmospheric temperature variations (i.e., -30° F to 100° F), resisting any tendency to separate due to differences in the thermal expansion coefficient of the glazing sheets. Because these windows remain sealed, they do not develop moisture between the panes. Moreover, the windows remain dry inside because they may contain a desiccant as described further below.
In one embodiment of the invention, the window glazing unit comprises two glass sheets and a shatter resistant thermoplastic sheet held parallel to, and between both glass sheets. The thermoplastic sheets are separated from the glass sheet by a U-shaped connecting rib which contacts both glass sheets and the thermoplastic sheet, or by two separate rectangular connecting ribs which respectively connect the first glass sheet with the thermoplastic sheet, and the second glass sheet with the thermoplastic sheet. The rectangular connecting ribs and/ or the U-shaped connecting rib may contain a desiccant which is exposed to the spaces between the thermoplastic sheet, and the first and second ribs. Specifically, the sides of the ribs exposed to the interior space of the window may be perforated, or they may have a gas permeable barrier.
In a second embodiment of the invention, the window glazing unit again comprises two glass sheets and a shatter-resistant thermoplastic sheet held between, and parallel to both glass sheets. The edge of the thermoplastic sheet is held within a channel of a U- shaped connecting rib, which runs around the edge of the thermoplastic sheet, and separates the thermoplastic sheet from both glass sheets. The U-shaped connecting rib optionally is surrounded on its outer circumference opposite the edge of the thermoplastic sheet by a supporting strip made from a material permeable to moisture, such as metal or plastic The remaining space between the edges of the glass sheets and the optional supporting strip on the outer edge of the U- shaped connecting rib is typically filled with a sealant.
Both of the above-described embodiments may be built of sufficiently robust materials to act as bullet-resistant glazing.
5 Specifically, the glazing functions as described below. Upon being impacted by a bullet, the first glass surface (i.e. the attack surface) shatters, causing deformation of the bullet. The deformed bullet then impacts the bullet-resistant thermoplastic sheet, and is stopped by said sheet. The thermoplastic sheet deforms, but does not touch the surface
! o of the inner glass sheet or cause breakage thereof. It is thought that the glass sheet at the attack surface causes deformation of the bullet, which helps the thermoplastic sheet to stop the bullet because the impact on the thermoplastic sheet is spread out over a wider area. It should be noted that extreme caution should be exercised in testing any bullet-
15 resistant glazing.
The present invention may be employed to advantage in standard construction glazing applications as well as bullet-proof glazing applications.
These, and other features, aspects, and advantages of the
20 present invention will become better understood with reference to the following description, appended claims, and accompanying drawings.
Brief Description of the Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a corner portion of a window according to the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of an edge portion of an 25 embodiment of a glazing according to the invention, as used in the window shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows a sectional view corresponding to Fig. 1 of a further embodiment of a glazing according to the invention. This embodiment employs a U-shaped connecting rib. 30 Fig. 4 shows a sectional view of a further embodiment of a glazing according to the invention. This embodiment employs a U- shaped connecting rib having an extended channel. Detailed Description
In Fig. 1, Glazing 2 according to the invention is placed in the casing 1. This glazing 2 comprises a pair of panes 3 and 4 made of glass, which are placed at a distance from, and parallel to, each other. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the panes 3 and 4 are heat tempered glass. The thickness of the glass panes relates to impact resistance and weight requirements. In one embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the glass varies between 4 and 6 mm. The glass panes may themselves comprise several sheets of glass laminated together. A sheet of plastic 5 is installed parallel to, and between, the panes 3 and 4. The sheet of plastic 5 is positioned at a distance from said panes 3 and 4. The sheet of plastic 5 is preferably manufactured from polycarbonate. Alternatively, the plastic may be made from polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene terepthalates, and other transparent plastics having greater impact resistance than glass. In Fig. 2, the edges of panes 3 and 4 project beyond the edge of the sheet 5. Near the edge of the sheet 5 and panes 3 and 4, spacing devices 6 are installed between the sheets of glazing which, for example, may consist of the square or rectangular shapes used in common double glazing. These spacing devices 6 have one side facing the interior space between the plastic sheet 5 and the two panes 3 and 4 which is partially open, coupled by a membrane permeable to moisture, or perforated. The spacing devices may be filled with a desiccant. The space between the panes projecting beyond the peripheral edge of the sheet 5 is filled with a sealant 7, such as hot fusible butyl or silicone, etc. A butyl rubber layer 8 may be applied to the sides of the spacing devices facing the panes 3 and 4 and the sheet 5. This butyl rubber layer 8 deforms to help prevent failure due to differences in thermal expansion between the panes 3 and 4, and the plastic sheet 5. It should be clear that glazing 2 composed of the panes 3 and 4 with the thermoplastic sheet 5 placed between them with the spacing devices 6 and the butyl sealant 7 can be manufactured to size as a unit in a workshop suitable for this purpose and then placed in the casing to form the window. In such case, a partial vacuum may be created in the spaces between the sheet 5 and the panes 3 and 4. Alternatively, this space may be filled with a gas having a lower thermal conductivity than air. Both of these procedures will make the window more thermally efficient.
Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the invention wherein a U- shaped connecting rib 9 is attached to the first and second glass panes 3 and 4. The U-shaped connecting rib 9 fastens the first and second panes 3 and 4 substantially parallel to the thermoplastic sheet 5. A supporting strip 10 is oriented substantially perpendicular to, and joins the first and second panes 3 and 4. The supporting strip 10 separates the U-shaped connecting rib 9 from a sealant 11, which fills the remaining space extending to the edges of the first and second panes 3 and 4.
This U-shaped connecting rib 9 can be manufactured from a butyl rubber or similar material, and is preferably reinforced by a metal (e.g., aluminum) strip 10, which is attached to the side of the U- shaped connecting rib 9 facing away from the peripheral edge of the thermoplastic sheet 5.
The sealant 11 may comprise hot fusible butyl rubber, silicone rubber, or other known sealants. In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, the U-shaped connecting rib 9 has a channel 12 which allows for expansion and contraction of the thermoplastic sheet 5.
In the glazings described herein, it is possible to use sheets of a thermoplastic 5 having a coefficient of expansion which differs from that of the panes 3 and 4. It is also possible to use laminated glass sheets to enhance bullet-resistance properties of the glazing.
Many other variants and modifications of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the glazing could be a fixed window, a window which may be opened, a swing door, a sliding door, or another transparent structural article. The above-described embodiments of the invention are intended to be merely exemplary, and all such variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended Claims.

Claims

In the ClaimsWe Claim:
1. A window glazing unit comprising: a first glass sheet, a shatter-resistant thermoplastic sheet, having an outer edge and a second glass sheet, wherein the first and second glass sheets have a larger area than the thermoplastic sheet, and the outer edge of the thermoplastic sheet is engaged within a channel of a U-shaped connecting rib, which rib surrounds the outer edge of said shatter-resistant thermoplastic sheet, wherein said U-shaped connecting rib is attached to said first and second glass sheets and fastens said shatter-resistant thermoplastic sheet between, and substantially parallel to, said first and second glass sheets.
2. A window glazing unit according to Claim 1, further comprising a supporting strip which is oriented substantially perpendicular to, and joins said first and second glass sheets, wherein said supporting strip divides a sealant from the U-shaped connecting rib.
3. A window glazing unit according to Claim 1, wherein said U- shaped connecting rib comprises a desiccant which is exposed to spaces between said first and second glass sheets and said thermoplastic sheet.
4. A window glazing unit according to Claim 1, wherein said U- shaped connecting rib is fastened to said thermoplastic sheet or said first and second glass sheets by a material capable of stretching to accommodate the differences in thermal expansion coefficient between the glass sheets and the thermoplastic sheet over a normal environment temperature range.
5. A window glazing unit according to Claim 1, wherein the channel of the U-shaped connecting rib is extended to have sufficient length to accommodate thermal expansion of the thermoplastic sheet over a normal environmental temperature range.
6. A window glazing unit according to Claim 2, wherein the supporting strip is metal or plastic.
7. A window glazing unit according to Claim 6, wherein the U-shaped spacer is metal or plastic.
8. A window glazing unit according to Claim 1, wherein the glass sheets are heat tempered glass.
9. A window glazing unit comprising a first glass sheet, a second glass sheet, and a thermoplastic sheet interposed between and parallel to said first and second glass sheets, wherein said first and second glass sheets are separated from said thermoplastic sheet by spacer device(s) which contain a desiccant therein, which desiccant is exposed to a first space between said first glass sheet and said thermoplastic sheet and is further exposed to a second space between said second glass sheet and said thermoplastic sheet.
10. A window glazing unit according to Claim 9, wherein the spacer device(s) are two separate devices.
11. A window glazing unit according to Claim 9, wherein the spacer device(s) are fastened to said thermoplastic sheet or said first and second glass sheets by a material capable of stretching to accommodate the differences in thermal expansion coefficient between the glass sheets and the thermoplastic sheet over a normal environmental temperature range.
12. A window glazing unit according to Claim 9, wherein the glass sheets are heat tempered glass.
EP98906273A 1997-02-10 1998-02-06 A window and glazing for a window Expired - Lifetime EP0963171B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1005224A NL1005224C2 (en) 1997-02-10 1997-02-10 Window and glazing for a window.
NL1005224 1997-02-10
PCT/US1998/002533 WO1998034521A1 (en) 1997-02-10 1998-02-06 A window and glazing for a window

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0963171A1 true EP0963171A1 (en) 1999-12-15
EP0963171A4 EP0963171A4 (en) 2002-01-23
EP0963171B1 EP0963171B1 (en) 2007-06-27

Family

ID=19764380

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98906273A Expired - Lifetime EP0963171B1 (en) 1997-02-10 1998-02-06 A window and glazing for a window

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0963171B1 (en)
AU (1) AU6153998A (en)
DE (1) DE69837986T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2289772T3 (en)
NL (1) NL1005224C2 (en)
PL (1) PL335078A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2211296C2 (en)
SK (1) SK107999A3 (en)
WO (1) WO1998034521A1 (en)

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FR2801351B1 (en) * 1999-11-22 2002-05-24 Saint Gobain Vitrage MULTIPLE SECURITY GLAZING HAVING AT LEAST THREE SEPARATE SHEETS
US20070116907A1 (en) * 2005-11-18 2007-05-24 Landon Shayne J Insulated glass unit possessing room temperature-cured siloxane sealant composition of reduced gas permeability
ES1063954Y (en) * 2006-10-16 2007-04-01 Sanchez Jose Gregori Hernandez CRYSTAL WITH THERMAL INSULATION CAMERAS
US20130319598A1 (en) 2012-05-30 2013-12-05 Cardinal Ig Company Asymmetrical insulating glass unit and spacer system
WO2014086665A1 (en) * 2012-12-04 2014-06-12 Bayer Materialscience Ag Insulating glass window having high thermal insulation and reduced transmissivity for ir radiation
RU2533698C1 (en) * 2013-04-11 2014-11-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего Профессионального образования "Федеральный Юго-Западный государственный университет" (ФЮЗ ГУ) Window glass block-electric generator
EP3464771B1 (en) * 2016-05-31 2020-06-24 Saint-Gobain Glass France Insulating glazing with increased breakthrough inhibition and u-shaped receiving profile
KR102436760B1 (en) * 2017-01-30 2022-08-26 쌩-고벵 글래스 프랑스 Insulated glazing with increased Breakthrough-Resistance and adapters
IT201700023271A1 (en) * 2017-03-02 2018-09-02 Massimo Rizzo INSULATING GLAZING STRUCTURE
CN110173199B (en) * 2019-05-31 2020-07-17 江苏金堂木窗业股份有限公司 Bulletproof window

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DE2835669A1 (en) * 1978-08-14 1980-02-28 Holzapfel Wolfgang Multi-pane glazing using three or more panes - esp. for buildings or motor vehicles, where inner plastic pane provides high resistance to impact and theft
US4368226A (en) * 1980-08-13 1983-01-11 Gasper Mucaria Glass units
US5097642A (en) * 1990-09-20 1992-03-24 Anthony's Manufacturing Company, Inc. Glass refrigerator door structure
WO1996033334A1 (en) * 1995-04-21 1996-10-24 Paul Stephen Ennis Glazed window unit

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US5544465A (en) * 1989-08-02 1996-08-13 Southwall Technologies, Inc. Thermally insulating multipane glazing struture
US5644894A (en) * 1994-10-20 1997-07-08 Ppg Industries, Inc. Multi-sheet glazing unit and method of making same
US5553440A (en) * 1994-10-20 1996-09-10 Ppg Industries, Inc. Multi-sheet glazing unit and method of making same

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US4149348A (en) * 1977-07-15 1979-04-17 Ppg Industries, Inc. Multiple glazed unit having inner sheet mounted within a spacer
DE2835669A1 (en) * 1978-08-14 1980-02-28 Holzapfel Wolfgang Multi-pane glazing using three or more panes - esp. for buildings or motor vehicles, where inner plastic pane provides high resistance to impact and theft
US4368226A (en) * 1980-08-13 1983-01-11 Gasper Mucaria Glass units
US5097642A (en) * 1990-09-20 1992-03-24 Anthony's Manufacturing Company, Inc. Glass refrigerator door structure
WO1996033334A1 (en) * 1995-04-21 1996-10-24 Paul Stephen Ennis Glazed window unit

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Title
See also references of WO9834521A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL1005224C2 (en) 1998-08-11
DE69837986D1 (en) 2007-08-09
DE69837986T2 (en) 2008-02-28
WO1998034521A1 (en) 1998-08-13
PL335078A1 (en) 2000-04-10
EP0963171A4 (en) 2002-01-23
RU2211296C2 (en) 2003-08-27
SK107999A3 (en) 2000-05-16
ES2289772T3 (en) 2008-02-01
AU6153998A (en) 1998-08-26
EP0963171B1 (en) 2007-06-27

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