EP0961561B1 - Plastic bristles for brushes of automatic car washing installations - Google Patents

Plastic bristles for brushes of automatic car washing installations Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0961561B1
EP0961561B1 EP98909486A EP98909486A EP0961561B1 EP 0961561 B1 EP0961561 B1 EP 0961561B1 EP 98909486 A EP98909486 A EP 98909486A EP 98909486 A EP98909486 A EP 98909486A EP 0961561 B1 EP0961561 B1 EP 0961561B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bristles
plastic
plastic bristles
bristles according
cross
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP98909486A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0961561A1 (en
Inventor
Steffen Hahl
Peter Hahl
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HAHL BORSTEN-FILAMENTS GMBH
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Erwin Hahl GmbH
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
    • A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to plastic bristles for the washing brushes automatic car washes with moving, in general rotating brushes work.
  • the invention has for its object to propose artificial bristles, which has a soft structure so as not to lacquer damage, have, but on the other hand more resistant to abrasion must be as LDPE so that no abrasion structures, especially with dark bodies. Furthermore the artificial bristles should still have such a smooth surface have a dirt-repellent effect.
  • the high pressure polyethylene previously used as the main material therefore does not solve the stated task.
  • the plastic bristles are preferably in the form of so-called Ribbon (see DE-PS 39 36 922) provided.
  • PBT tapes there was previously a risk of splicing. That means, that from a ribbon as a result of the stress in the car wash and as a result of the resulting splicing form several ribbons. These thin tapes can then "matt" and lead to damage to the Car bodies (e.g. tearing off the rear-view mirrors or the wipers). The cause of the fanning out is due to the stretching process caused parallel alignment of the individual molecules.
  • Polyester PET is modified with polyurethane. There it is, however a fabric made from polyester (PET) monofilaments, not artificial bristles and ribbons made of PBT polyester.
  • the polyurethane additive is 5%.
  • the raw material LDPE was made from polyester PBT replaced by a material that is already essential is more resistant to abrasion.
  • polyester PBT has the advantage Polyamide has no water absorption.
  • Polyurethane additive increased abrasion resistance of polyester PBT ensures that, according to the invention, abrasion of polymer residues is no longer ascertainable on the car paint like this is the case when using plastic bristles made of LDPE.
  • Polyester PBT has the advantage over polyamide, not water take. So it can't be like polyamide through water absorption pollute and become unsightly. Because of his on the contrary, it has a dirt-repellent smooth surface Effect.
  • the previously used polyethylene bristles had a diameter range between 0.5 mm and 1.2 mm
  • the tapes according to the invention have a thickness of 0.10 mm to 0.60 mm, preferably 0.30 mm and a width between 0.50 mm and 5.00 mm, preferably 1.00 mm and 1.50 mm.
  • the above-mentioned polyurethane additive is a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.
  • the plastic bristles made of polyester offer particular advantages PBT with the mentioned polyurethane additive if the bristles have one have known asymmetrical cross section and the wash-active sides of the bristles have a flat or convex surface have and with the longer cross-sectional sides across or are used perpendicular to the direction of rotation of the rollers.

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  • Brushes (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

Plastic bristles for the brushes of automatic car washing installations with moving brushes are made of PBT polyester or PBT polyester with an admixture of 1 to 25 %, in particular 5 to 10 %, polyurethane or a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Kunststoffborsten für die Waschbürsten automatischer Autowaschanlagen, die mit sich bewegenden, im allgemeinen rotierenden Bürsten arbeiten.The invention relates to plastic bristles for the washing brushes automatic car washes with moving, in general rotating brushes work.

Das Problem bei solchen Borsten besteht darin, daß, vor allen Dingen, wenn diese Borsten wie üblich Kreuzprofil haben, dort, wo die beiden Balken des Kreuzquerschnitts sich überkreuzen, sich Schmutz festsetzte, der beim Lauf der Bürste zu feinen Verkratzungen des Fahrzeuglacks führte. Der ursprünglich für eine bessere Wasserführung eingeführte Kreuzquerschnitt ist heutzutage in den Hintergrund getreten.The problem with such bristles is that, above all Things if these bristles have cross profile as usual, there, where the two bars of the cross-section cross each other, dirt settled, which becomes too fine when the brush runs Scratches on the vehicle paint led. The originally for a better water flow is introduced cross-section have taken a back seat these days.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß, bedingt durch die weiche Materialstruktur von LDPE, speziell bei dunklen Karossen, nach dem Waschvorgang Materialablagerungen sich auf dem Lack absetzen, die zu einem leichten "Grauschleier" führen. Dieser Grauschleier kann zwar durch Polieren wieder entfernt werden, wird aber zunehmend von dem Kunden nicht mehr akzeptiert.It has been shown that, due to the soft material structure from LDPE, especially for dark bodies, after the Washing process material deposits on the paint, which lead to a slight "gray haze". This gray veil can be removed by polishing, but is becoming increasingly common no longer accepted by the customer.

Beschrieben wurden in der DE-Z "Beschädigung von Autolack beim Waschen mit synthetischen Borsten" (Sonderdruck aus ATZ Automobiltechnische Zeitschrift 71. Jahrgang, Nr. 10/1969) neben Borsten mit einem Kreuzquerschnitt auch Borsten mit einem runden Querschnitt. Dort steht aber, daß die beschriebenen Versuche ergaben, daß Borsten mit einem Kreuzprofil die Lackoberfläche eines Fahrzeugs weniger stark beanspruchen. Es wurde also zum Kreuzprofil geraten. Dagegen hat die Erfahrung gezeigt, daß speziell bei schlecht gewarteten Autowaschanlagen in den Profilritzen sich Staub und Schmutzteilchen festsetzen können, die zu einer Lackbeschädigung führen. Described in the DE-Z "damage to car paint when Washing with synthetic bristles "(special print from ATZ Automobiltechnische Magazine 71st year, No. 10/1969) next to bristles with a cross section also bristles with a round one Cross-section. But there it says that the experiments described revealed that bristles with a cross profile the paint surface less stress on a vehicle. So it became Cross profile. In contrast, experience has shown that especially in poorly maintained car washes in the gaps dust and dirt particles can accumulate paint damage.

Einen wesentlichen Beitrag für bessere walzenförmige Waschbürsten lieferte die DE-PS 39 36 922, die besondere Querschnitte in einer besonderen Anordnung zur Laufrichtung zum Gegenstand hatte.An essential contribution for better roller-shaped washing brushes delivered the DE-PS 39 36 922, the special cross-sections in had a special arrangement to the direction of the subject.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Kunstborsten vorzuschlagen, die über eine weiche Struktur, um den Lack nicht zu beschädigen, verfügen, auf der anderen Seite aber abriebbeständiger als LDPE sein müssen, damit sich keine Abriebstrukturen, speziell bei dunkeln Karossen, ergeben können. Darüber hinaus sollen die Kunstborsten noch über eine so glatte Oberfläche verfügen, daß sich eine schmutzabweisende Wirkung einstellt.The invention has for its object to propose artificial bristles, which has a soft structure so as not to lacquer damage, have, but on the other hand more resistant to abrasion must be as LDPE so that no abrasion structures, especially with dark bodies. Furthermore the artificial bristles should still have such a smooth surface have a dirt-repellent effect.

Das bisher als Hauptmaterial verwendete Hochdruckpolyethylen löst also die genannte Aufgabe nicht.The high pressure polyethylene previously used as the main material therefore does not solve the stated task.

Bei Kunstborsten aus Polyamid 6 und 6,6, die auch schon bisher in Autowaschanlagen verwendet wurden und werden, zeigt sich erfahrungsgemäß, daß im Zuge der hohen Wasseraufnahme, die bei 8 - 10% liegt, auch kleinste Schmutzbestandteile in den Kunstborsten abgelagert werden, was das Ansehen der gesamten Waschanlage sehr unansehnlich macht, ganz abgesehen von der Gefahr, daß diese Schmutzanteile auch im Zuge der Wagenwäsche die Lackoberfläche beschädigen können.For synthetic bristles made of polyamide 6 and 6.6, which have also been used up to now have been and are used in car washes Experience has shown that in the course of high water absorption, which at 8 - 10%, even the smallest dirt particles in the synthetic bristles be deposited, which is the reputation of the entire car wash very unsightly, quite apart from the danger that these dirt parts also in the course of the car wash the paint surface can damage.

Die Zugabe von 5% Polyurethan zum Polyester PBT hat die Aufgabe gelöst und im einzelnen zu folgenden Vorteilen geführt: Die Bändchen (Definition siehe den oben genannten Artikel) werden weicher;
die Bändchen werden zäher und damit abriebbeständiger; auf den Autokarossen stellt sich ein Abrieb nicht mehr ein;
die Oberfläche wird glatter und damit wesentlich schmutzabweisender als bei bisherigen Kunstborsten. Schmutz kann sich deshalb nicht auf den Borsten absetzen. Dagegen führte das bisher verwendete Kreuzprofil zu Lackbeschädigungen, im Gegensatz zu dem, was noch 1970 vorgeschlagen wurde. The addition of 5% polyurethane to the polyester PBT has solved the problem and has led to the following advantages: The ribbons (definition see the article mentioned above) become softer;
the wristbands become tougher and therefore more resistant to abrasion; abrasion no longer occurs on the car bodies;
the surface becomes smoother and therefore much more dirt-repellent than with previous synthetic bristles. Dirt cannot therefore settle on the bristles. In contrast, the cross profile previously used led to paint damage, in contrast to what was still proposed in 1970.

Vorzugsweise sind die Kunststoffborsten in Form von sogenannten Bändchen (siehe DE-PS 39 36 922) vorgesehen. Allerdings bestand bei PBT Bändchen bisher die Gefahr der Durchspleißung. Das bedeutet, daß sich aus einem Bändchen in Folge der Beanspruchung in der Autowaschanlage und in Folge der dadurch bedingten Durchspleißung mehrere Bändchen bilden. Diese dünnen Spleißbändchen können dann "verfilzen" und führen zu Beschädigungen an den Autokarossen (z.B. Abreißen der Rückspiegel oder der Scheibenwischer). Ursache für das Aufspleißen ist eine durch den Reckvorgang verursachte parallele Ausrichtung der einzelnen Moleküle. Durch Zugabe von Polyurethan zum Polyester PBT kommt es überraschenderweise zu einer Querverfestigung der Bändchen, so daß eine Durchspleißung der Bändchen unter den Bedingungen einer modernen Autowaschanlage nicht mehr erfolgt. Durch diese Zugabe wurde quasi die Verwendung von Polyester PBT als Bändchenmaterial in einer Autowaschanlage erst ermöglicht.The plastic bristles are preferably in the form of so-called Ribbon (see DE-PS 39 36 922) provided. However, there was With PBT tapes, there was previously a risk of splicing. That means, that from a ribbon as a result of the stress in the car wash and as a result of the resulting splicing form several ribbons. These thin tapes can then "matt" and lead to damage to the Car bodies (e.g. tearing off the rear-view mirrors or the wipers). The cause of the fanning out is due to the stretching process caused parallel alignment of the individual molecules. Surprisingly, polyurethane is added to the PBT polyester for a cross-strengthening of the ribbon, so that a ribbon splicing under the conditions of a modern car wash no longer takes place. By this encore became the use of polyester PBT as a ribbon material only possible in a car wash.

Es wird nicht verkannt, daß, allerdings zu einem anderen Zweck und zur Bildung von Geweben, polyurethanstabilisierte modifizierte Polyester PET bekannt sind (EP-A-0387395). Polyester PET wird hierbei mit Polyurethan modifiziert. Dort geht es allerdings um ein aus Polyester-(PET)-Monofilen hergestelltes Gewebe, also nicht um Kunstborsten und Bändchen aus Polyester PBT.There is no mistaking that, but for a different purpose and to form tissues, modified polyurethane stabilized Polyester PET are known (EP-A-0387395). Polyester PET is modified with polyurethane. There it is, however a fabric made from polyester (PET) monofilaments, not artificial bristles and ribbons made of PBT polyester.

Günstig ist es, wenn der Polyurethanzusatz 5% beträgt.It is advantageous if the polyurethane additive is 5%.

Erfindungsgemäß wurde also der Rohstoff LDPE durch Polyester PBT ersetzt, durch einen Werkstoff, der von sich aus bereits wesentlich abriebbeständiger ist. Durch die Zugabe von Polyurethan wird die Zähigkeit und damit die Abriebbeständigkeit von Polyester PBT noch weiter erhöht.According to the invention, the raw material LDPE was made from polyester PBT replaced by a material that is already essential is more resistant to abrasion. By adding polyurethane the toughness and thus the abrasion resistance of polyester PBT increased even further.

Es ist erstaunlich, daß sich durch die Maßnahme nach der Erfindung ein Abrieb auf dem Autolack nicht mehr feststellen ließ, auch darauf zurückzuführen, daß Polyester PBT den Vorteil gegenüber Polyamid hat, kein Wasser aufzunehmen. Durch diese durch Polyurethanzusatz erhöhte Abriebbeständigkeit von Polyester PBT ist sichergestellt, daß nach der Erfindung ein Abrieb von Polymerresten auf dem Autolack nicht mehr feststellbar ist, wie dies bei Verwendung von Kunststoffborsten aus LDPE der Fall ist.It is surprising that the measure according to the invention there was no more abrasion on the car paint, also due to the fact that polyester PBT has the advantage Polyamide has no water absorption. Through this through Polyurethane additive increased abrasion resistance of polyester PBT ensures that, according to the invention, abrasion of polymer residues is no longer ascertainable on the car paint like this is the case when using plastic bristles made of LDPE.

Gegenüber Polyamid hat Polyester PBT den Vorteil, kein Wasser aufzunehmen. Es kann also nicht wie Polyamid über die Wasseraufnahme verschmutzen und unansehnlich werden. Aufgrund seiner glatten Oberfläche hat es im Gegenteil eine schmutzabweisende Wirkung.Polyester PBT has the advantage over polyamide, not water take. So it can't be like polyamide through water absorption pollute and become unsightly. Because of his on the contrary, it has a dirt-repellent smooth surface Effect.

Hatten die bisher verwendeten Polyethylenborsten einen Durchmesserbereich zwischen 0,5 mm und 1,2 mm,
so haben die erfindungsgemäßen Bändchen eine Stärke von 0,10 mm bis 0,60 mm, vorzugsweise 0,30 mm und eine Breite zwischen 0,50 mm bis 5,00 mm, vorzugsweise 1,00 mm und 1,50 mm.The previously used polyethylene bristles had a diameter range between 0.5 mm and 1.2 mm,
the tapes according to the invention have a thickness of 0.10 mm to 0.60 mm, preferably 0.30 mm and a width between 0.50 mm and 5.00 mm, preferably 1.00 mm and 1.50 mm.

Bei oben genannten Polyurethanzusatz handelt es sich um ein thermoplastisches Polyurethan-Elastomer.The above-mentioned polyurethane additive is a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.

Besondere Vorteile bieten die Kunststoffborsten aus Polyester PBT mit dem genannten Polyurethanzusatz, wenn die Borsten einen an sich bekannten unsymmetrischen Querschnitt haben und die waschaktiven Seiten der Borsten eine ebene oder konvexe Oberfläche aufweisen und mit den längeren Querschnittsseiten quer bzw. senkrecht zur Rotationsrichtung der Walzen eingesetzt sind.The plastic bristles made of polyester offer particular advantages PBT with the mentioned polyurethane additive if the bristles have one have known asymmetrical cross section and the wash-active sides of the bristles have a flat or convex surface have and with the longer cross-sectional sides across or are used perpendicular to the direction of rotation of the rollers.

Beispielsweise Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sollen nun mit Bezug auf die beiliegenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert werden. Diese zeigen in der Figur 1 bis 7 mögliche Querschnitte.For example, embodiments of the invention are now intended to Reference to the accompanying drawings will be explained. These show possible cross sections in FIGS. 1 to 7.

Gemeinsam sämtlichen Querschnitten ist, daß die Längserstreckung 1 der Borste größer als ihre Breite b ist. Mit R ist die Rotationsrichtung der Walze, in der diese Borsten in Form von Büscheln fest verankert sitzen, angedeutet, d.h. die lange Querschnittserstreckung 1 liegt immer quer zur Bewegungsrichtung der Bürstenwalze bzw. deren Vektor R' an dieser Stelle.

  • Figur 1 zeigt Rechteckquerschnitte der Borsten;
  • Figur 2 zeigt einen symmetrischen Linsenquerschnitt. Es handelt sich um einen ovalen oder symmetrischen Querschnitt, der als bevorzugt anzusehen ist.
  • Nach Figur 3 sind elliptische Querschnitte möglich, d.h. Querschnitte, die nicht symmetrisch sind, bei denen aber deutlich eine kleine und eine große Achse ausgebildet sind.
  • Figur 4 zeigt einen Rechteckquerschnitt mit abgerundeten Ecken;
  • Figur 5 zeigt einen Brotlaibquerschnitt, der eine gerade Grundfläche aber eine gewölbte Haubenfläche hat.
  • Figur 6 zeigt Rautenquerschnitte, wo wieder die Längserstreckung quer zum Vektor der Umfangsgeschwindigkeit R' liegt; und
  • Figur 7 schließlich zeigt eineng gewellten Querschnitt, bei dem die Querschnittsunterseite gerade ausgebildet sein kann. Ein symmetrisch zu beiden Seiten gewellter Querschnitt ist aber ebenfalls möglich.
    • Common to all cross sections is that the longitudinal extent 1 of the bristle is greater than its width b. R indicates the direction of rotation of the roller in which these bristles are firmly anchored in the form of tufts, ie the long cross-sectional extent 1 is always transverse to the direction of movement of the brush roller or its vector R 'at this point.
  • Figure 1 shows rectangular cross sections of the bristles;
  • Figure 2 shows a symmetrical lens cross section. It is an oval or symmetrical cross section, which is to be regarded as preferred.
  • According to FIG. 3 , elliptical cross sections are possible, ie cross sections that are not symmetrical, but in which a small and a large axis are clearly formed.
  • Figure 4 shows a rectangular cross section with rounded corners;
  • Figure 5 shows a loaf of bread cross section, which has a straight base but a curved hood surface.
  • FIG. 6 shows diamond cross-sections where the longitudinal extension is again transverse to the vector of the peripheral speed R '; and
  • FIG. 7 finally shows a corrugated cross section in which the underside of the cross section can be straight. A cross section that is symmetrical on both sides is also possible.

    • Claims (15)

    1. Plastic bristles for the washing brushes of automatic car washes which operate with moving brushes, consisting of polyester PBT or polyester PBT with addition of from 1 to 25%, in particular from 5 to 10%, of polyurethane or thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.
    2. Plastic bristles according to Claim 1, characterized in that the amount of polyurethane added is 5%.
    3. Plastic bristles according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plastic bristles are provided in the form of tapes.
    4. Plastic bristles according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bristle fitting or bristle set is aligned transversely to a direction of rotation of the brushes.
    5. Plastic bristles according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bristles project from the end of a bristle tape or the bristles are gathered in the centre to form a tape-like structure.
    6. Plastic bristles according to Claim 3, characterized in that the tapes have a thickness of 0.10 - 0.60 mm, preferably 0.30 mm, and a width of 0.50 - 5.00 mm, preferably from 1.00 mm to 1.50 mm.
    7. Plastic bristles according to Claim 1, characterized in that, instead of the polyurethane, (special) plasticizers are added to the polyester PBT (polybutylene terephthalate).
    8. Plastic bristles according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bristles have an asymmetrical cross section, and the wash-active sides of the bristles have a flat or convex surface and are employed with the longer cross section sides transverse or perpendicular to the direction of rotation of the rolls.
    9. Plastic bristles according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bristles have a rectangular, symmetrically lenticular, elliptical or loaf-shaped cross section.
    10. Plastic bristles according to one of Claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the bristles have a quadrangular cross section with rounded edges.
    11. Plastic bristles according to one of Claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the bristle edging is produced on the brush roll by stamping.
    12. Plastic bristles according to one of Claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the bristle edging is produced by the strip brush technique, i.e. because of clamping, in metal rails.
    13. Plastic bristles according to one of Claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the bristles are welded in a plastic element of the same or similar composition.
    14. Plastic bristles according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bristles are produced by melt spinning with a circular die and die opening cross sections as in Claims 9 and 10.
    15. Plastic bristles according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spinning material is unoriented and is immediately stretched continuously in a ratio of from 1:4 to 1:5.
    EP98909486A 1997-09-22 1998-02-27 Plastic bristles for brushes of automatic car washing installations Expired - Lifetime EP0961561B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19741899A DE19741899A1 (en) 1997-09-22 1997-09-22 Synthetic bristles for moving brushes for automatic car wash
    DE19741899 1997-09-22
    PCT/EP1998/001138 WO1999015047A1 (en) 1997-09-22 1998-02-27 Plastic bristles for brushes of automatic car washing installations

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0961561A1 EP0961561A1 (en) 1999-12-08
    EP0961561B1 true EP0961561B1 (en) 2003-01-22

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    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP98909486A Expired - Lifetime EP0961561B1 (en) 1997-09-22 1998-02-27 Plastic bristles for brushes of automatic car washing installations

    Country Status (5)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP0961561B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP2001506174A (en)
    AT (1) ATE231350T1 (en)
    DE (2) DE19741899A1 (en)
    WO (1) WO1999015047A1 (en)

    Cited By (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    KR101347737B1 (en) 2011-11-18 2014-01-20 대진산업 (주) Composition of brush bristle and brush bristle using the same

    Families Citing this family (5)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US6410301B1 (en) 1998-11-20 2002-06-25 Kosan Biosciences, Inc. Myxococcus host cells for the production of epothilones
    KR100716272B1 (en) 1998-11-20 2007-05-09 코산 바이오사이언시즈, 인코포레이티드 Recombinant methods and materials for producing epothilone and epothilone derivatives
    DE19912371A1 (en) * 1999-03-19 2000-09-21 Hahl Filaments Gmbh & Co Kg Monofilament synthetic fiber
    DE19959209A1 (en) 1999-12-08 2001-06-13 Hahl Filaments Gmbh & Co Kg Plastic bristles for the washing brushes of automatic washing systems
    DE102006017991A1 (en) * 2006-04-07 2007-10-11 Holz Autowasch-Technik Gmbh Method for washing motor vehicle in washing installation, involves mechanical main wash with two flexible washing bodies

    Family Cites Families (6)

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    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    BE638856A (en) * 1962-10-19
    DE68919827T3 (en) * 1989-03-17 2001-05-17 Jwi Ltd Stabilized paper machine fabric made of polyurethane modified polyester.
    DE3936922C2 (en) 1989-11-06 1994-09-08 Hahl Erwin Gmbh Roller-shaped washing brush
    DE9115049U1 (en) * 1991-12-04 1992-02-20 Alfred Kärcher GmbH & Co, 7057 Winnenden Washing brush for vehicle washing systems
    IT1273760B (en) * 1994-02-11 1997-07-10 Favagrossa Edoardo Srl BRISTLE ROLLER, FOR AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS FOR WASHING OF VEHICLES AND SIMILAR
    DE69608877T2 (en) * 1996-01-31 2000-10-12 Nowiteck Establishment Vaduz Rotation brush with flexible cleaning body made of closed-pore synthetic foams

    Cited By (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    KR101347737B1 (en) 2011-11-18 2014-01-20 대진산업 (주) Composition of brush bristle and brush bristle using the same

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    Publication number Publication date
    JP2001506174A (en) 2001-05-15
    EP0961561A1 (en) 1999-12-08
    DE19741899A1 (en) 1999-03-25
    ATE231350T1 (en) 2003-02-15
    WO1999015047A1 (en) 1999-04-01
    DE59807006D1 (en) 2003-02-27

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