EP0959675A1 - Procede d'amelioration de la croissance et de la survie d'organismes aquatiques par vitaminisation en suspension dans l'eau avec des derives stables de vitamine c - Google Patents

Procede d'amelioration de la croissance et de la survie d'organismes aquatiques par vitaminisation en suspension dans l'eau avec des derives stables de vitamine c

Info

Publication number
EP0959675A1
EP0959675A1 EP98903779A EP98903779A EP0959675A1 EP 0959675 A1 EP0959675 A1 EP 0959675A1 EP 98903779 A EP98903779 A EP 98903779A EP 98903779 A EP98903779 A EP 98903779A EP 0959675 A1 EP0959675 A1 EP 0959675A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shrimp
larvae
vitamin
aquatic organisms
sulfate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98903779A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Paul David Maugle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KI Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Cultor Oyj
KI Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cultor Oyj, KI Chemical Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Cultor Oyj
Publication of EP0959675A1 publication Critical patent/EP0959675A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the enhancement of growth and survival rates of fish, shrimp, and other forms of aquatic life through the addition of stable vitamin C derivatives to aqueous media in which the aquatic organisms are reared.
  • the raising of fish, shrimp and other forms of aquatic life as foodstuffs has become commonplace in many countries.
  • the process of rearing such aquatic life generally involves several steps. For example, shrimp eggs are fertilized and placed into rearing tanks, and the resulting zygotes are allowed to develop in the tanks until the 2 day old Post Larvae stage. Upon reaching the 2 day old Post Larvae stage, the larvae are transferred to a raceway where the shrimp further develop. After reaching the 10 day Post Larvae stage in the raceway, the Post Larvae are transported to a grow-out pond in which the shrimp are allowed to fully mature.
  • eggs from several females and sperm from several males are stripped or spawned and then pooled together in separate containers. Portions of sperm are dry mixed with the eggs to a uniform consistency. An aqueous medium is then added to the fertilized eggs, and the eggs are allowed to harden while immersed in the fertilized mixture for up to one hour. The eggs are incubated in trays until the appearance of eyes- -an indication of successful fertilization. The successfully fertilized organisms are transferred to tanks or ponds for development.
  • vitamin C supplements normally contain stabilized forms of vitamin C, such as ascorbic acid 2-sulfate, and also contain other additives.
  • the stabilized form of vitamin C is added to the feed, and the enriched feed is added to the medium in which the aquatic organisms are reared. Stabilized forms of vitamin C are used because ascorbic acid breaks down rapidly in the presence of copper, iron and calcium ions which are normally present in an aqueous environment.
  • the present invention discloses a process whereby stabilized forms of vitamin C are added directly to media in which shrimp, fish, and other forms of aquatic life are reared.
  • the addition of stabilized vitamin C derivatives to culture waters containing shrimp larvae during larval development results in better survival, increased lipid deposition, enhanced resistance to environmental stresses, and greater larval and shrimp production.
  • the addition of stabilized vitamin C to culture waters containing fish eggs during fish egg hardening improves the hatchability of the eggs resulting in increased production of juvenile fish.
  • the addition of the chemically stabilized vitamin C directly to aquaculture media referred to as water borne enrichment, increases the survival rate and growth rate of shrimp, and the hatchability of fish eggs.
  • Stabilized forms of vitamin C that may be used in the process of the present invention include dipotassium ascorbate 2-sulfate, ascorbyl 2-sulfate, ascorbyl 2-monophosphate, ascorbyl 2-polyphosphate, ascorbyl palmitate, ascorbyl acetate, ascorbic 2-glucoside, and encapsulated forms of vitamin C.
  • a two stage hatchery may be employed in the present invention.
  • the first stage involves fertilizing shrimp eggs and rearing the resulting shrimp larvae in a larval rearing tank through the Nauplii, Zoea and Mysis stages and up to 2 day old Post Larvae.
  • To initiate the second stage the two day old Post Larvae are transferred to raceways where they are reared until approximately 10 day old Post Larvae.
  • the stabilized vitamin C is added to the raceways after the larvae reach the Zoea larval stage, which occurs approximately 2-3 days after fertilization, and in a preferred embodiment is added on a daily basis up to 5 or 6 day old Post Larvae.
  • the seawater in the raceway is exchanged daily and the volume of the seawater may be increased with each daily water exchange. If the volume of the seawater is increased, the amount of stabilized vitamin C is commensurately increased to maintain the desired concentration.
  • the larvae After reaching approximately 10 days Post Larvae, the larvae are transferred from the raceway to a grow-out pond. If a transport truck is used for this transfer, stabilized vitamin C is normally added to the transport truck.
  • the shrimp are allowed to mature in the grow pond which normally takes approximately 100-150 days. No vitamin C derivatives are added to the grow-out pond, since the feed used in the pond contains a vitamin C supplement .
  • the present invention as it relates to the treatment of shrimp larvae with water borne stabilized vitamin C derivatives, generally involves a first stage of placing fertilized eggs into a tank filled with seawater, and allowing the resulting zygotes to develop in the tank through the Zoea and Mysis stages into 2 day old Post Larvae. The second stage begins upon reaching the 2 day old Post Larvae stage. The larvae are transferred to a raceway, and treated on a daily basis beginning in the Zoea stage with a concentration of a stabilized vitamin C derivative.
  • the 2 day old Post Larvae are transferred to the raceways at a lower density than is normally practiced in the industry, which reduces the time, from approximately 20 days to approximately 10 days, that the larvae need be kept in the raceway before transfer to a grow-out pond.
  • the treatment with dipotassium ascorbate 2-sulfate beginning in the Zoea stage is continued until approximately 10 days Post Larvae.
  • the larvae Upon reaching 10 day Post Larvae, the larvae are transferred to a grow-out pond. If the larvae are transferred to the pond by truck, vitamin C derivative is added to the culture water in the truck.
  • the preferred vitamin C derivative for use in connection with the present invention is dipotassium ascorbate 2-sulfate
  • 2-sulfate possesses two unique characteristics--it is both water soluble and water stable. In particular, while it exhibits solubility characteristics similar to that of ascorbic acid (i.e. a water solubility of greater than 50%), the derivatization prevents the degradation of the molecule by cations present in aquaculture media such as those of copper, calcium and iron.
  • vitamin C derivatives that may be used include ascorbyl 2-sulfate, ascorbyl 2- monophosphate, ascorbyl 2-polyphosphate, ascorbyl palmitate, ascorbyl acetate, ascorbic 2-glucoside, and encapsulated forms of vitamin C.
  • the dipotassium ascorbate 2-sulfate is added at a concentration of 30-150 ppm (30-150 grams per metric ton of water) in the hatchery raceways. In most instances, half of the water is exchanged out of the tank each day during rearing, and the concentration of dipotassium ascorbate 2- sulfate is brought back up to the proper concentration (30- 150 ppm) after each changeout .
  • concentration of dipotassium ascorbate 2- sulfate is brought back up to the proper concentration (30- 150 ppm) after each changeout .
  • a 20 metric ton rearing tank with a maximum of 15 metric tons of seawater, is stocked with Zoea at a concentration of 80 per liter, and such a setup can result in as many as 1.2 million Post Larvae shrimp .
  • shrimp from the treated raceways are pooled for transport.
  • 30-150 grams of dipotassium ascorbate 2-sulfate per metric ton are added to the transport tank to maintain a constant 30-150 ppm concentration of dipotassium ascorbate 2-sulfate.
  • the Post Larvae After the Post Larvae have acclimated to pond conditions, they are then stocked in nursery or grow-out ponds.
  • Shrimp that has been enriched with water borne dipotassium ascorbate 2-sulfate will have increased tissue levels of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) before maturing in the grow-out pond.
  • the shrimp are allowed to mature in the grow-out ponds for 100-150 days.
  • the shrimp may be fed vitamin C enriched food supplements.
  • vitamin C enriched food supplements In addition to the use of vitamin C in shrimp rearing, the addition of stabilized vitamin C at doses of 25-150 ppm during fish egg hardening improves egg hatchability and survival resulting in the production of increased quantities of juvenile fish.
  • the dipotassium ascorbate 2-sulfate was dissolved in seawater, and directly added to the rearing tanks.
  • Ascorbyl 2-polyphosphate is not as soluble as the dipotassium ascorbate 2-sulfate, and it therefore had to be mixed with seawater in a blender for five minutes prior to further dilution and addition to the shrimp rearing tanks.
  • water was exchanged each day by reducing the water in the tank by 90% (while maintaining the larvae in the remaining 10% of the water) , and then adding fresh seawater. The larvae were retained in the tank during this short time period with a fine mesh netting material.
  • the correct vitamin concentrations were maintained by adding the required amount of the appropriate ascorbic acid derivative after each water exchange.
  • the larvae enriched with dipotassium ascorbate 2-sulfate at any concentration in the 50-150 ppm range completed development to third stage Mysis earlier than did the control tanks or the tanks treated with ascorbyl 2-polyphosphate .
  • A2S Dipotassium ascorbate 2-sulfate
  • A2PP Ascorbyl 2-polyphosphate
  • the volumes of seawater in the tanks were increased to 300 liters on the second day and 400 liters on the third day. Beginning on the fourth day, when the majority of larvae had reached Zoea stage 2, 50% of the water was exchanged each day. During the increase in water volume to 300 and 400 liters, and during the water exchange, appropriate amounts of the vitamin C derivative were added to maintain each tank at its proper concentration.
  • A2S Dipotassium salt of ascorbyl 2-sulfate
  • Penaeus vannamei nauplii from a single gravid female were stocked in seawater so that the density at full dilution would be 80 nauplii per liter.
  • the larvae were reared in twelve 500-liter conical tanks. Beginning with the first day of the Zoea life stage and continuing through and ending with the fifth day of the post larvae stage, the rearing waters were enriched with daily dosages of ascorbic acid derivatives as outlined in Table III. Each vitamin dosage level and the untreated control were replicated in three tanks. This example was initiated with 200 liters of seawater in each tank. On the second day, larvae varied in development stage from Nauplii 5 to Zoea 1, and the water volume was increased to 300 liters in each tank.
  • Table III illustrate that the dosage of 50 ppm produced a high survival rate and growth rate at 9 days, while the concentrations of 75 and 100 ppm produced larvae which were slightly more advanced in development (day 2 Post Larvae) .
  • A2S Dipotassium ascorbate 2-sulfate
  • b PL Post-Larval Example IV Effects of Treatment in Hatchery on Shrimp Yield
  • commercial scale quantities of shrimp were treated with 30 ppm of dipotassium ascorbate 2-sulfate during the Zoea through Mysis stages, then treated with 50 ppm of dipotassium ascorbate 2-sulfate through Post Larvae stage 7.
  • the post larval shrimp were transferred to separate brackish water ponds to complete development to harvestable size. During the pond rearing period, both the treated groups and the control groups were fed the same commercial feed.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) A further observation, not noted in Table IV, was a substantial improvement in average weekly growth rate. The growth rate for the shrimp treated with the dipotassium ascorbate 2-sulfate averaged approximately 0.80 grams per week (average weight at harvest/ (days to harvest/7)), and for the untreated shrimp averaged approximately 0.65 grams per week .
  • A2S dipotassium ascorbyl 2-sulfate
  • Ascorbate 2-Sulfate Eggs from several female salmon are mixed with sperm from several male salmon. An aqueous medium containing 50 ppm of dipotassium ascorbate 2-sulfate is added, and the eggs are allowed to harden for one hour. The fertilized eggs are transferred to trays and incubated. The percentage of eggs which develop into fertilized eggs, as evidenced by the development of eyes, is greater than the percentage which develop from eggs not treated with dipotassium ascorbate 2- sulfate .

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé destiné à augmenter la croissance et les taux de survie de crevettes et autres organismes aquatiques, ainsi que le taux d'éclosion d'oeufs de poissons. On a ajouté des formes stabilisées de vitamine C directement à des milieux aqueux dans lesquels des organismes aquatiques se développent au-delà du stade larvaire, et les organismes aquatiques absorbent les dérivés de vitamine C. Les organismes aquatiques traités de cette manière présentent une plus grande chance de survivre et d'atteindre leur maturité dans des bassins de croissance, ce qui permet d'augmenter la production.
EP98903779A 1997-02-07 1998-01-30 Procede d'amelioration de la croissance et de la survie d'organismes aquatiques par vitaminisation en suspension dans l'eau avec des derives stables de vitamine c Withdrawn EP0959675A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US3771797P 1997-02-07 1997-02-07
US37717P 1997-02-07
PCT/US1998/001586 WO1998034474A1 (fr) 1997-02-07 1998-01-30 Procede d'amelioration de la croissance et de la survie d'organismes aquatiques par vitaminisation en suspension dans l'eau avec des derives stables de vitamine c

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0959675A1 true EP0959675A1 (fr) 1999-12-01

Family

ID=21895908

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98903779A Withdrawn EP0959675A1 (fr) 1997-02-07 1998-01-30 Procede d'amelioration de la croissance et de la survie d'organismes aquatiques par vitaminisation en suspension dans l'eau avec des derives stables de vitamine c

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0959675A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002515757A (fr)
AU (1) AU6046098A (fr)
NO (1) NO993802L (fr)
WO (1) WO1998034474A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103461246A (zh) * 2013-09-23 2013-12-25 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 岩原鲤苗种生态池塘培育方法

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MXPA02001046A (es) 1999-07-30 2003-08-20 Iospan Wireless Inc Multiplexion espacial en una red celular.
TW200404497A (en) * 2002-04-18 2004-04-01 Showa Denko Kk Fish-farming solid feedstuff and process for producing the same
JP5376455B2 (ja) * 2010-01-12 2013-12-25 国立大学法人 鹿児島大学 甲殻類の催熟及び／又は産卵用組成物
CN107593537A (zh) * 2017-11-14 2018-01-19 衡阳市九龙生态农业有限公司 淡水白鲨人工繁殖方法
CN109463331A (zh) * 2018-12-31 2019-03-15 盐城工学院 一种日本沼虾的高产养殖方法
CN111771793A (zh) * 2020-07-27 2020-10-16 南通大学 一种黑褐新糠虾养殖方法
CN112913742A (zh) * 2021-02-07 2021-06-08 渤海水产科技(滨州)有限公司 一种绿色食品对虾受精卵培育方法
CN114271408A (zh) * 2021-12-14 2022-04-05 珠海天凯生物科技有限公司 一种鱼用保鲜剂及其制备方法

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103461246A (zh) * 2013-09-23 2013-12-25 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 岩原鲤苗种生态池塘培育方法
CN103461246B (zh) * 2013-09-23 2014-10-08 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 岩原鲤苗种生态池塘培育方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6046098A (en) 1998-08-26
NO993802D0 (no) 1999-08-06
JP2002515757A (ja) 2002-05-28
NO993802L (no) 1999-09-14
WO1998034474A1 (fr) 1998-08-13

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