EP0955469B1

EP0955469B1 - Impeller of fan

Info

Publication number: EP0955469B1
Application number: EP99106357A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Yoshiki Izumi; Takashi Sugio
Original assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Current assignee: Panasonic Holdings Corp
Priority date: 1998-04-14
Filing date: 1999-03-29
Publication date: 2004-10-20
Anticipated expiration: 2019-03-29
Also published as: CN1232143A; EP0955469A2; JP3204208B2; ES2230759T3; MY123252A; EP0955469A3; JPH11294389A; CN1107808C

Description

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to an impeller of a fan employed in air conditioners and the like, and more particularly to the shape of the impeller.

Background of the Invention

An air conditioner adjusts temperature and humidity of the air, and generally comprises an air-cooler, an air-heater, a humidifier, a fan and an air-filter.
Fig. 8 shows a conventional impeller of a mixed-flow-fan employed in the air conditioner. In the mixed-flow-fan, gas flows slantingly with regard to a rotary shaft.
In Fig. 8, impeller 21 of the mixed-flow-fan is equipped with a plurality of thin blades 22 radially mounted on hub 23 which substantially shapes as a taper stand.
Fig. 9 is a cross sectional view taken on line D-D of Fig. 8. The cross sectional view of blade 22 in the radial direction shows a substantial direct line or a curve bent toward only one direction. Impeller 21 is housed in the [same casing and driven by the rotary shaft fitted in hub 23 that is coupled to a motor. Impeller 21 is thus rotated by the motor, thereby blowing air.
However, the conventional construction discussed above cannot control blade-tip-vortex generated around outer edge portion of blade 22 on a satisfactory level during the blowing, because the cross sectional view of the blade 22 shapes as a substantial direct line or a curve bent toward only one direction.
Further, blades 22 are not equipped with any countermeasures against airflow drawn in radial direction, the airflow is generated when impeller 21 is driven by a high load.
It would thus be desirable to improve a conventional impeller as shown in Fig. 8 such as impeller 21 by requiring it to have less noise by controlling the blade-tip-vortex and to have a greater static pressure by smoothening the drawn airflow.
Reference may be made to EP-A-0 887 558 relative to which the present invention is characterised.

Summary of the Invention

The present invention addresses the problems discussed above and aims to provide a fan's impeller having less noise and greater static pressure.
The present invention thus has as object an impeller according to claim 1.
The impeller of the present invention draws a revolution locus at its leading edge. The both shapes of the locus and blade are the features of the present invention. The locus of upper half of the blade shows a valley and that of lower half of the blade shows a peak, with regard to windward. The upper half of the blade is defined as a portion between around the blade center and the outer end, while the lower half of the blade is defined as a portion between around the blade center and the hub. The cross section of the upper half of the blade in a radial direction shows a valley and that of the lower half shows a peak, with regard to windward.
The shapes discussed above allow the impeller to restrain airflow from breaking away off the blades. The blade-tip-vortex on a suction surface near the outer end of a blade is generated by the airflow that turns over from a pressure surface toward a suction surface. A valley-curved portion of the blade thus promotes the production of the vortex, thereby restraining the airflow from breaking away off the blade. As a result, the fan having less noise can be achieved. At the same time, a peak-curved portion of the blade smoothens the airflow drawn in the radial direction during high load operation, thereby increasing the static pressure.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Fig. 1 is a plan view of an impeller of a fan in accordance with a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial view of a revolution locus of a blade of the impeller of the fan in accordance with the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross section taken on line A-A in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 shows the impeller in an operation in accordance with the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a characteristics-comparison-chart of the impeller in accordance with the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention and a conventional impeller.
Fig. 6 is a cross section of the blade viewed at a centerline of a passage in accordance with a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a cross section of the blade of the impeller viewed in the radial direction and at the maximum thickness portion of the blade in accordance with the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a plan view of a conventional impeller of a fan.
Fig. 9 is a cross section of the conventional impeller taken on line D-D of Fig. 8.

Detailed Description of the Invention

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(Exemplary Embodiment 1)

The first exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described hereinafter with reference to Fig. 1 through Fig. 5.
Fig. 1 is a plan view of an impeller of a mixed flow fan. Fig. 4 shows the active impeller.
In Fig. 1, impeller 1 of mixed-flow-fan is mounted on hub 3 substantially shaping as a taper stand and has three thin blades 2 in the radial direction on the taper stand rim. An arrow mark indicates a rotational direction. As shown in Fig. 4, hub 3 mounted with blades 2 is fixed to a rotary shaft of motor 4, and impeller 1 is housed in casing 5. Impeller 1 blows air by driving motor 4 in a direction indicated by an arrow mark. At this time, as shown in Fig. 1, most of the airflow flows into leading edge 6 of blade 2 and flows out from trailing edge 7. Impeller 1 blows air in this manner.
Fig. 2 is a partial view of a revolution locus of blade 2 of impeller 1. In Fig. 2, the revolution locus drawn by leading edge 6 of blade 2 shows a valley in an upper half thereof and a peak in a lower half, with regard to windward. The upper half of the blade 2 is defined as a portion between around the blade center and the outer end 8 (hereinafter referred to as "tip 8"), while the lower half of the blade 2 is defined as a portion between around the blade center and the hub 3. Line B-B is drawn by connecting respective midpoints of leading edge 6 and trailing edge 7 of blade 2. Line B-B shows a center of passage through which the airflow flows in the direction indicated by the arrow mark. Line C-C shows a hub center i.e. a rotation center of impeller 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross section taken on line A-A in Fig. 1. As shown in Fig. 3, the cross section of blade 2 in radial direction shows a valley in an upper half of the blade and shows a peak in a lower half thereof, with regard to windward. The upper half of the cross sectional view of blade 2 is defined as a portion between around the line B-B and tip 8, while the lower half thereof is defined as a portion between around the line B-B and the hub 3. This structure allows tip 8 to produce airflow around tip 8 itself, and the airflow turns over from pressure surface 10 of blade 2 toward suction surface 9 thereof. The airflow produces blade-tip-vortex around tip 8 on suction side 9, and a valley-curved portion of blade 2 promotes the production so that the airflow is restrained from breaking away off the blade. As a result, impeller 1 having less noise can be achieved. At the same time, a peak-curved portion of blade 2 smoothens the airflow increasingly drawn in the radial direction during high load operation, i.e. the airflow flowed in from tip 8 side, thereby increasing the static pressure.
As such, the present invention can reduce noises, and increase static pressure during a high load operation of the impeller.
Specific advantages of the first exemplary embodiment are described hereinafter.
Fig. 5 is a characteristics-comparison-chart of the impeller of the present invention and a conventional impeller. The impeller of which blade measures 400 mm across is used in the experiment. Characteristics of static pressure and noise with regard to air volume are shown in the chart.
As this experiment tells, at an open air volume point Q1, the impeller of the present invention is less noisy by 2 dB than the conventional impeller. Further, the impeller of the present invention remains less noisy up to point Q2 where 68% of open-air volume is blown. Regarding the static pressure, the impeller of the present invention gains 32% increase compared with the conventional impeller at point Q3 where 60% of open-air volume is blown.

(Exemplary Embodiment 2)

The second exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.
Fig. 6 is a cross section of the blade shown in Fig. 7 and taken on line B-B that is a centerline of a passage. Fig. 7 is a cross section of the blade of the impeller viewed in the radial direction and at the maximum thickness portion of the blade. As shown in Fig. 6, the impeller of the fan in accordance with the second exemplary embodiment has blades shaping as a wing.
Passage centerline B-B is drawn between the midpoints of the leading and trailing edges of blade 12 on a revolution locus. In this embodiment, blade 12 has the following measurements on its cross section taken on the passage center line B-B: 5% ≤ t/c ≤ 12%,
where: t = maximum thickness of blade 12 taken on line B-B,
c = distance between the leading and trailing edges of blade 12, and the blade shapes as a wing having an arc front edge and a sharp rear edge.
Further in this embodiment, the cross sectional view of blade 12 in the radial direction shows a valley in the upper half and shows a peak in the lower half, with regard to windward. The upper half is defined as a portion between around the centerline B-B and tip 14, and the lower half is defined as a portion between around the centerline B-B and hub 13.
The structure discussed above allows a valley-curved portion of blade 12 to promote the production of blade-tip-vortex produced around tip 14 on the suction surface side by airflow taking over from pressure surface 16 toward suction surface 15 so that the airflow is restrained from breaking away off the blade 12. As a result, impeller 11 having less noise can be achieved.
At the same time, a peak-curved portion of blade 12 smoothens the airflow increasingly drawn in the radial direction during high load operation, i.e. the airflow flowed in from tip 14 side, thereby increasing the static pressure.
The second exemplary embodiment proves that less noise and greater static pressure are achieved in impeller 11, as the first exemplary embodiment shows the same effects.
Compared with blades having a constant thickness, the blade of the second exemplary embodiment has the measurement such as 5% ≤ t/c ≤ 12%, where: t= maximum thickness, c= blade depth spanning between the mid- points of leading and trailing edges, and the blade shaping as a wing having an arc front edge and a sharp rear edge, so that the airflow is more securely prevented from breaking away off the blade. Accordingly, the noise level can be further lowered.
The following result is reported by the measurement of low noise effect on the impeller used in the second exemplary embodiment: Low noise effect is noticed starting from t/c = 5%, and is saturated at t/c=12%. In the case of the impeller measuring 400 mm across, employed in a mixed flow fan, when the blade shape of t/c =9% is used, the experiment shows that noise level is lowered by 2 dB comparing with the blade having a constant thickness.
Not limited to the impeller of the mixed flow fan, the technique of the present invention can also produce the same effect in an impeller of axial flow fan where gas flows along a rotary shaft within the impeller.

Claims

Impeller of a fan, said impeller including a hub (3) mounted with a plurality of blades (2), and arranged to spin the blades (2), thereby blowing air:

wherein a cross-sectional view of the blade (2) in a radial direction shows a peak in a portion between a center portion of the blade and the hub (3) with regard to windward;

characterized in that:

said cross-sectional view of the blade (2) shows a valley in a portion between the center portion and the tip (8); and

a revolution locus of a leading edge (6) of the blade (2) shows a valley in a portion between the tip (8) and the center portion of the blade (2), and shows a peak in a portion between the center portion and the hub (3), with regard to windward.
The impeller of a fan as defined in Claim 1 wherein the thickness of the blade (2) is constant.
The impeller of a fan as defined in Claim I wherein a cross sectional view of the blade (12) taken on a passage center running from the leading edge (6) to a trailing edge (7) is shaped to have a ratio of a maximum thickness at the passage center vs. a distance between the leading edge (6) and the trailing edge (7) ranging from 5% to 12% inclusive both the values.
The impeller of a fan as defined in Claim 1 whereinthe cross sectional view of the blade (12) taken on a passage centerline connecting the leading edge (6) and a trailing edge (7) of the blade (12) is shaped to be 5% ≤ t/c ≤ 12%, where: t = maximum thickness of the blade (12), and c = blade depth spanning between the midpoints of leading and trailing edges.
The impeller of a fan as defined in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said fan is a mixed flow fan.