EP0949134A1 - Device for contactlessly measuring the temperature of bearings of running trackbound vehicles - Google Patents

Device for contactlessly measuring the temperature of bearings of running trackbound vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0949134A1
EP0949134A1 EP99890110A EP99890110A EP0949134A1 EP 0949134 A1 EP0949134 A1 EP 0949134A1 EP 99890110 A EP99890110 A EP 99890110A EP 99890110 A EP99890110 A EP 99890110A EP 0949134 A1 EP0949134 A1 EP 0949134A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
infrared
optics
bearing
infrared optics
directed towards
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EP99890110A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0949134B1 (en
Inventor
Johannes Karner
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OEBB-INFRASTRUKTUR BETRIEB AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
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Osterreichische Bundesbahnen
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Priority to SI9930828T priority Critical patent/SI0949134T1/en
Publication of EP0949134A1 publication Critical patent/EP0949134A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/04—Detectors for indicating the overheating of axle bearings and the like, e.g. associated with the brake system for applying the brakes in case of a fault
    • B61K9/06—Detectors for indicating the overheating of axle bearings and the like, e.g. associated with the brake system for applying the brakes in case of a fault by detecting or indicating heat radiation from overheated axles

Definitions

  • the invention has a contactless device Measuring the temperature of moving rail-mounted bearings Vehicles, especially those of people and / or Freight traffic with an infrared measuring device to the object.
  • the duration of use of rail-bound vehicles like locomotives, railcars, passenger and freight cars because of the large distances to be covered high, so that the maintenance condition of such vehicles particularly high scale is set. Furthermore, the speed from freight trains to over 120 km / h and passenger trains increased over 200 km / h. These increased speeds cause a large increase in stress since the forces increase with the square of the speed and thus the But also the brakes of a wagon or locomotive subject to increased warming.
  • the railbound Movement of people and goods generally indicates that Advantage on that the railroads to the center of a Residential or industrial area, in these cases, for example when transporting dangerous goods, particularly high demands on safety of the vehicles.
  • the infrared radiation measuring devices are thus high demands made.
  • Such facilities are state of the art of technology and have, for example, a detector: HgCd, HgTe, InSb, PbSe or a combination of such semiconductors on.
  • the detector must be set to a predetermined temperature are kept below the Ambient temperature has to be. Because an electrical supply such systems is required and energy consumption is not important for cooling the detector, cooling according to the Peltier effect is preferred Commitment.
  • the detector in the track superstructure becomes like this be appropriate that mechanical damage, for example caused by the train, is safely avoided.
  • the heated parts radiate heat in every direction and it is required that of those moving at high speed Parts from the measuring point infrared rays with a possible high intensity can be detected.
  • the detector usually does not exist the possibility of placing the detector directly on the axis aligned heated component, but it will be the one of the heated component outgoing heat rays over a Infrared lens or collector bundled and over a mirror, which usually rotates in its plane, to Throwing off dirt particles to the detector.
  • a wheel counter which the infrared measuring section is arranged, so it will the infrared measuring device is activated and when the train runs the test section has left, deactivated again.
  • each measurement process can be a specific one Axis are assigned, with which an exact identification of the damaged or overstressed construction parts easily is possible.
  • To determine the temperature it is necessary that as far as possible those infrared rays reach the detector, which correspond to the highest temperatures. It is here different arrangements known.
  • the axis a measuring device is directed obliquely upwards, so that this Measuring device successively the temperature of a wheel rim and determines the temperature of a brake disc because the infrared rays, which is sent out by the two construction parts act on the detector one after the other.
  • the detector is far outside the track arranged, with no further deflection of the beams provided is what the distance of the detector from the to measuring construction elements must be kept large, so that the overall sensitivity of the system is greatly reduced, because the intensity of the infrared ray with the square of Distance decreases.
  • EP 0 265 417 A1 becomes a further device known which should take into account the fact that the movement of a wagon within the rails is not is rectilinear, but a so-called sine wave is present means that the structural parts to be measured differ horizontal distance to the original position of the rail and can thus have to the measuring device, whereby a larger Area must be covered.
  • are appropriate Lenses provided. It is also proposed that Divide the detector into individual detector elements one after the other can be exposed to the radiation, causing temperatures in each area of the camp can be determined.
  • Such a measuring device has the disadvantage on that with an adjustment of the device not the bearings the different constructions of rail vehicles can be detected.
  • EP 0 604 389 A1 becomes a further device known for non-contact temperature measurement in bearings, wherein several infrared optics are provided, which point to different Locations of a warehouse, and that of infrared rays emanating from these points via the infrared optics to a mirror that can be changed in its angular position shared detector.
  • several infrared optics are provided, which point to different Locations of a warehouse, and that of infrared rays emanating from these points via the infrared optics to a mirror that can be changed in its angular position shared detector.
  • the object of the present invention is a device for contactless measurement of the temperature of Create bearings on rail vehicles that are suitable is temperature measurements in vehicles of the most varied Type that has a high level of operational reliability, has as few moving parts as possible and long measuring times allowed.
  • the inventive device for contactless Measuring the temperature of moving rail-mounted bearings Vehicles, especially those of people and / or Freight traffic with a computer at least one on the track Axle and / or wheel sensor seen in the direction of travel in front of a Infrared measuring device with several infrared optics that on the objects to be measured are directed and their objects are directed towards the warehouse Axes at a different angle with the Include horizontal, arranged, consists essentially in that at least two infrared optics on one, in particular arranged on both of the outside of the track (s) which are different normal distances from each other Rail and each infrared optics have their own detector is assigned and in the radiation paths of the one to be measured Bearings to the respective detectors based on the inclination the axes of the infrared optics, only in one position Specified infrared optical elements, in particular mirrors, prisms od.
  • a count of the axes and, on the other hand, the infrared measuring device via a signal from the ready state in the measurement state can be set.
  • Is the infrared measuring device at least one axis and / or wheel sensor before and preferably after the same in Seen the direction of travel, adjacent, so you can for evaluation brought measurement data can be significantly reduced, so that the Security for displaying imperfections can be significantly increased can.
  • infrared optics and the detectors in one, in particular multi-part, arranged housing, so a particularly simple assembly of the infrared measuring device carried out be, furthermore the electrical supply and also electrical transmission of signals with particularly low Effort is given.
  • wheel sensors 2 which over a Computer the switching and detection device 3 with the actual Infrared measuring device 4 are connected, and this at Pass a train into or out of standby. So z. B. released the infrared optics.
  • This infrared measuring device 4 has two outside the rails 5 of the track 1 Infrared optics 6 and 7, which are used to determine hot Brake discs or brake shoes as well as rail wheels are used.
  • the infrared optics 8, 9 are also outside the rails arranged to determine the temperature of bearings to serve.
  • sensors 15 for axles and wheels are arranged, which initiate and complete the infrared measurement for each axis.
  • All infrared optics and detectors for the same are arranged in a multi-part housing, the between two rail fastenings, in particular sleepers, is arranged. With a ballast bed, the housing is in one Threshold compartment arranged together with the sensors 15.
  • the infrared measuring device shown schematically in FIGS. 2 to 4 has detectors 12, rotating infrared mirrors 13 and infrared collecting lens 14.
  • the infrared optics is otherwise rigidly arranged.
  • the front covers Detector with associated devices the view of the arranged behind, so that only one detector is visible.
  • Due to the inclined positions of the mirrors 13, the perpendicular to the track plane e or inclined to the vertical Infrared rays directed towards the camp Axes 10 and 11, which are perpendicular to the track plane e or run at an angle ⁇ to the vertical ⁇ to own detector 12 are directed so that the entire height such a device can be kept low and not additional recesses in the track superstructure for the admission the measuring device are required.
  • Any infrared optics A separate detector 12 is assigned to 8, 9.
  • the optics 8, 9 of the infrared measuring devices 4 can be provided either, as shown in Fig. 3, in parallel or as shown in Fig. 4, inclined to each other and also with a different angle the direction x to be arranged including.
  • the mirrors 13 direct the infrared rays emanating from the bearings on the detectors 12. Due to the different distance of the Mirror 13 to the rail 5 and its different inclination to Vertical measuring ranges can vary in height Vehicles are detected, including those covered below Bearings can be subjected to a measurement. With slate The arrangement of the axes covers a still further area.
  • the method of operation is based on the block diagram 5 explained in more detail.
  • the two detectors 12 of the Infrared measuring devices 4 are operated by the wheel sensors 2 Arranged 20 m before and 20 m after the infrared measuring device are brought into readiness for measurement via the switching device 16. There are thus covers from the lenses and the mirrors removed, the mirrors set in rotation and the like. More.
  • the other sensors 15, for. B. induction coils which constantly are connected to the computer 3, the outputs of Infrared measuring device with the detectors 12 via the switching device 17 connected to the multiplexer 18, which via the Analog / digital converter 19 alternately one of the two detectors 12 with the central evaluation system, u. between a computer 3, connects.
  • the frequency of switching from a detector to the other is 50 kHz, so that while driving past of a camp in a half second period of both Detectors the measuring process is carried out several times.
  • Figs. 6 and 7 have lines a, b, c and d.
  • line a it is Driving a wheel axle past the sensors 15 with a peak indicated that immediately adjacent to the infrared measuring devices are so that both alternately connected to the computer 3 are.
  • Curves b and c give the temperatures in the measuring ranges contrary.
  • curve b shows the difference from curve c a lower temperature excursion, and it curve c is used for further evaluation in the computer.
  • the height of the peaks shows the deviation from the Ambient temperature.
  • the temperature curve of different areas of a bearing, the wheel rim, etc. is different Detectors 12 measured, which via the multiplexer 18 and Analog / digital converter 19 are connected to the computer 3. Per 600 measurements are made in the middle time, in which a warehouse passes a detector at 180 km / h. These measurements are recorded in a computer, determined, stored and for Taxes used.

Abstract

The system has two IR optics (8,9) are arranged at one, especially respectively at both, rail track outer sides, which have normal distances to the rail, which differ from each other. Each IR optic is assigned an own detector (12). IR optical elements especially mirrors (13), prisms or similar are arranged exclusively fixed in only one position, in the beam paths from the bearings to be measured until the respective detectors are reached, related to the inclination of the axes of the IR optics.

Description

Die Erfindung hat eine Vorrichtung zum berührungslosen Messen der Temperatur von Lagern fahrender schienengebundener Fahrzeuge, insbesondere des Personen- und/oder Güterverkehrs mit einer Infrarotmeßeinrichtung zum Gegenstand.The invention has a contactless device Measuring the temperature of moving rail-mounted bearings Vehicles, especially those of people and / or Freight traffic with an infrared measuring device to the object.

Die Einsatzdauer von schienengebundenen Fahrzeugen, wie Lokomotiven, Triebwagen, Personen- und Güterwagen ist aufgrund der großen zurückzulegenden Strecken außerordentlich hoch, so daß an den Wartungszustand derartiger Fahrzeuge ein besonders hoher Maßstab gelegt wird. Weiters ist die Geschwindigkeit von Güterzügen auf über 120 km/h und Personenzügen auf über 200 km/h erhöht worden. Diese erhöhten Geschwindigkeiten bedingen eine große Steigerung in der Belastung, da die Kräfte mit dem Quadrat der Geschwindigkeit ansteigen und somit die Lager aber auch die Bremsen eines Waggons oder Triebfahrzeuges einer erhöhten Erwärmung unterliegen. Der schienengebundene Verkehr von Personen und Gütern weist im allgemeinen den Vorteil auf, daß die Schienenwege bis in das Zentrum eines Wohngebietes oder Industriegebietes geführt werden können, wobei in diesen Fällen, beispielsweise bei dem Transport von gefährlichen Gütern, besonders hohe Ansprüche an die Sicherheit der Fahrzeuge gestellt werden.The duration of use of rail-bound vehicles, like locomotives, railcars, passenger and freight cars because of the large distances to be covered high, so that the maintenance condition of such vehicles particularly high scale is set. Furthermore, the speed from freight trains to over 120 km / h and passenger trains increased over 200 km / h. These increased speeds cause a large increase in stress since the forces increase with the square of the speed and thus the But also the brakes of a wagon or locomotive subject to increased warming. The railbound Movement of people and goods generally indicates that Advantage on that the railroads to the center of a Residential or industrial area, in these cases, for example when transporting dangerous goods, particularly high demands on safety of the vehicles.

Die regelmäßige Überprüfung von Fahrzeugen kann jedoch nicht sicherstellen, daß beispielsweise nach einer langen Einsatzzeit eines Waggons kein Klemmen einer Bremse oder keine Überbeanspruchung eines Lagers vorliegt. Bei dieser Überbeanspruchung von Lagern und Bremsen wird kinetische Energie in Wärme umgesetzt und es kann aufgrund der geringeren Festigkeit bei erhöhter Temperatur beispielsweise zum Bruch einer Achse oder auch eines Radreifens kommen, so daß eine Entgleisung eintritt, die insbesondere bei dem Transport von gefährlichen Gütern aber auch in Tunnels und unterirdischen Strecken besonders folgenschwer sein kann. Um die Sicherheit des Transportes auf Schienenwegen zu erhöhen, ist es bekannt, vor der Einfahrtsstrecke in ein Wohn- oder Industriegebiet aber auch vor der Einfahrt eines Tunnels oder einer unterirdischen Strecke, Infrarotmeßgeräte einzusetzen, welche die Temperatur von Rädern, Bremsscheiben und Lagern messen und bei Überschreiten einer vorbestimmten Temperatur über eine elektronische Auswerteinrichtung ein Signal, beispielsweise zum nächstgelegenen Bahnhof, abgeben, so daß der Zug entweder angehalten und der Waggon ausgeschieden oder wenn die Temperaturerhöhung nur geringfügig ist, mit verringerter Geschwindigkeit zum Bestimmungsort weitergefahren werden kann. Die Messung der Temperatur erhöhter Beanspruchung unterliegender Konstruktonsteile muß bei normaler Geschwindigkeit durchgeführt werden, um die erforderlichen geringen Reisezeiten für Personen und Güter gewährleisten zu können, da Brems- und Beschleunigungsvorgänge eines Zuges aufgrund der hohen Massen große Zeitspannen erforderlich machen. An die Infrarotstrahlenmeßeinrichtungen werden somit hohe Anforderungen gestellt. Derartige Einrichtungen sind Stand der Technik und weisen beispielsweise einen Detektor aus: HgCd, HgTe, InSb, PbSe oder eine Kombination derartiger Halbleiter auf. Um eine Messung zu ermöglichen, muß der Detektor auf eine vorgegebene Temperatur gehalten werden, die unterhalb der Umgebungstemperatur zu liegen hat. Da eine elektrische Versorgung derartiger Systeme erforderlich ist und der Energieverbrauch für die Kühlung des Detektors nicht von Bedeutung ist, gelangt bevorzugt eine Kühlung nach dem Peltiereffekt zum Einsatz. In der Regel wird der Detektor im Gleisoberbau derartig angebracht sein, daß eine mechanische Beschädigung, beispielsweise hervorgerufen durch den Zug, sicher vermieden ist. Die erhitzten Teile strahlen Wärme in jede Richtungen ab und es ist erforderlich, daß von den mit hoher Geschwindigkeit bewegten Teile von der Meßstelle Infrarotstrahlen mit einer möglichst hohen Intensität erfaßt werden können. In der Regel besteht nicht die Möglichkeit, die Detektoren mit ihrer Achse direkt auf den erhitzten Bestandteil auszurichten, sondern es werden die von dem erhitzten Bestandteil ausgehenden Wärmestrahlen über eine Infrarotlinse oder Sammler gebündelt und über einen Spiegel, welcher in der Regel in seiner Ebene rotiert, um allfällige Schmutzteilchen abzuschleudern, zu dem Detektor geleitet. Der Meßvorgang als solcher wird durch einen Radzähler, welcher vor der Infrarotmeßstrecke angeordnet ist, eingeleitet, also es wird das Infrarotmeßgerät aktiviert und wenn der Zug die Meßstrecke verlassen hat, wieder desaktiviert. Dadurch, daß die Zahl der Achsen bestimmt wird, kann jeder Meßvorgang einer bestimmten Achse zugeordnet werden, womit eine genaue Identifizierung der schadhaften oder überbeanspruchten Konstruktionsteile einfach möglich ist. Zur Bestimmung der Temperatur ist es erforderlich, daß möglichst jene Infrarotstrahlen zum Detektor gelangen, welche den höchsten Temperaturen entsprechen. Es sind hierbei unterschiedlichste Anordnungen bekannt.However, the regular inspection of vehicles can do not ensure, for example, that after a long Operating time of a wagon no clamping of a brake or none A bearing is overstressed. With this overuse bearings and brakes produce kinetic energy converted into heat and it may be due to the lower Strength at elevated temperature, for example to break an axle or a wheel tire, so that one Derailment occurs, particularly in the transport of dangerous goods but also in tunnels and underground Stretching can be particularly serious. For the safety of the It is known to increase transport on railways before Entry route into a residential or industrial area but also in front the entrance of a tunnel or an underground route, Use infrared measuring devices that measure the temperature of wheels, Measure brake discs and bearings and if one is exceeded predetermined temperature via an electronic evaluation device a signal, for example to the nearest train station, hand in so that the train either stopped and the wagon excreted or if the temperature increase only marginally has continued to the destination at a reduced speed can be. Measuring the temperature increased Stress on underlying structural parts must be normal Speed to be carried out to the required ensure short travel times for people and goods can, since braking and accelerating a train Due to the high masses, long periods of time are required do. The infrared radiation measuring devices are thus high demands made. Such facilities are state of the art of technology and have, for example, a detector: HgCd, HgTe, InSb, PbSe or a combination of such semiconductors on. To enable a measurement, the detector must be set to a predetermined temperature are kept below the Ambient temperature has to be. Because an electrical supply such systems is required and energy consumption is not important for cooling the detector, cooling according to the Peltier effect is preferred Commitment. As a rule, the detector in the track superstructure becomes like this be appropriate that mechanical damage, for example caused by the train, is safely avoided. The heated parts radiate heat in every direction and it is required that of those moving at high speed Parts from the measuring point infrared rays with a possible high intensity can be detected. Usually does not exist the possibility of placing the detector directly on the axis aligned heated component, but it will be the one of the heated component outgoing heat rays over a Infrared lens or collector bundled and over a mirror, which usually rotates in its plane, to Throwing off dirt particles to the detector. Of the Measuring process as such is carried out by a wheel counter, which the infrared measuring section is arranged, so it will the infrared measuring device is activated and when the train runs the test section has left, deactivated again. Because the number of Axes is determined, each measurement process can be a specific one Axis are assigned, with which an exact identification of the damaged or overstressed construction parts easily is possible. To determine the temperature it is necessary that as far as possible those infrared rays reach the detector, which correspond to the highest temperatures. It is here different arrangements known.

Aus der EP 0 265 538 A1 wird ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum berührungslosen Messen der Bremsentemperatur an vorüberfahrenden Eisenbahnwaggons bekannt, wobei die Achse einer Meßeinrichtung schräg nach oben gerichtet ist, so daß diese Meßeinrichtung nacheinander die Temperatur eines Radkranzes und die Temperatur einer Bremsscheibe bestimmt, da die Infrarotstrahlen, welche von den beiden Konstruktionsteilen ausgesendet werden, nacheinander den Detektor beaufschlagen. Bei dieser Vorrichtung ist der Detektor weit außerhalb des Gleises angeordnet, wobei weiters keine Umlenkung der Strahlen vorgesehen ist, womit die Entfernung des Detektors von den zu messenden Konstruktionselementen groß gehalten sein muß, so daß die Gesamtempfindlichkeit des Systemes stark herabgesetzt wird, da die Intensität des Infrarotstrahles mit dem Quadrat der Entfernung abnimmt.From EP 0 265 538 A1 a method and a Device for contactless measurement of the brake temperature known on passing railroad cars, the axis a measuring device is directed obliquely upwards, so that this Measuring device successively the temperature of a wheel rim and determines the temperature of a brake disc because the infrared rays, which is sent out by the two construction parts act on the detector one after the other. At In this device, the detector is far outside the track arranged, with no further deflection of the beams provided is what the distance of the detector from the to measuring construction elements must be kept large, so that the overall sensitivity of the system is greatly reduced, because the intensity of the infrared ray with the square of Distance decreases.

Aus der EP 0 265 417 A1 wird eine weitere Vorrichtung bekannt, welche dem Umstand Rechnung tragen soll, daß die Bewegung eines Waggons innerhalb der Schienen nicht geradlinig ist, sondern ein sogenannter Sinuslauf vorliegt, das heißt, daß die zu messenden Konstruktionsteile unterschiedlichen horizontalen Abstand zur ursprünglichen Lage der Schiene und damit zur Meßeinrichtung aufweisen können, wodurch ein größerer Bereich erfaßt werden muß. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, sind entsprechende Linsen vorgesehen. Weiters wird vorgeschlagen, den Detektor in einzelne Detektorelemente zu unterteilen, die nacheinander von der Strahlung beaufschlagt werden können, wodurch Temperaturen in den einzelnen Bereichen des Lagers ermittelbar sind. Eine derartige Meßeinrichtung weist den Nachteil auf, daß mit einer Einstellung der Vorrichtung nicht die Lager der unterschiedlichen Konstruktionen von Schienenfahrzeugen erfaßt werden können. Eine Weiterentwicklung dieser Vorrichtung ist in der EP 0 457 752 beschrieben, bei welcher die Achse des Objektives durch Änderung der Winkellage eines Spiegels geschwenkt werden kann, so daß auch die von weiter voneinander entfernten Punkten ausgehenden Infrarotstrahlen einer Messung unterzogen werden können. Nachteilig ist hierbei, daß ein derartiger Spiegel sehr rasch bewegt werden muß, um in der kurzen zur Verfügung stehenden Zeitdauer unterschiedliche Meßpunkte zu erfassen. Eine derartige Vorrichtung weist einen besonders hohen technischen Aufwand auf, wobei gleichzeitig, um die Betriebssicherheit zu wahren, ein erhöhter Wartungsaufwand gegeben ist.EP 0 265 417 A1 becomes a further device known which should take into account the fact that the movement of a wagon within the rails is not is rectilinear, but a so-called sine wave is present means that the structural parts to be measured differ horizontal distance to the original position of the rail and can thus have to the measuring device, whereby a larger Area must be covered. To achieve this goal, are appropriate Lenses provided. It is also proposed that Divide the detector into individual detector elements one after the other can be exposed to the radiation, causing temperatures in each area of the camp can be determined. Such a measuring device has the disadvantage on that with an adjustment of the device not the bearings the different constructions of rail vehicles can be detected. A further development of this device is described in EP 0 457 752, in which the axis of the Objectives by changing the angular position of a mirror can be pivoted so that also from further apart distant points outgoing infrared rays of a measurement can be subjected. The disadvantage here is that such Mirror must be moved very quickly in order to be in the short available measuring time to different measuring points to capture. Such a device has a particularly high one technical effort, while at the same time to ensure operational safety maintenance, there is an increased maintenance effort.

Aus der EP 0 604 389 A1 wird eine weitere Einrichtung zum berührungslosen Messen der Temperatur an Lagern bekannt, wobei mehrere Infrarotoptiken vorgesehen sind, die auf unterschiedliche Stellen eines Lagers gerichtet werden, und die von diesen Stellen ausgehenden Infrarotstrahlen über die Infrarotoptik an einen in seiner Winkellage veränderbaren Spiegel zu einem gemeinsamen Detektor weitergeleitet werden. Auch hier ist ein erhöhter konstruktiver und wartungsmäßiger Aufwand gegeben, um die für Eisenbahnsysteme erforderliche hohe Betriebssicherheit zu gewährleisten.EP 0 604 389 A1 becomes a further device known for non-contact temperature measurement in bearings, wherein several infrared optics are provided, which point to different Locations of a warehouse, and that of infrared rays emanating from these points via the infrared optics to a mirror that can be changed in its angular position shared detector. Here is one too increased constructive and maintenance-related effort to the high level of operational safety required for railway systems guarantee.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung ist zur Aufgabe gestellt, eine Vorrichtung zum berührungslosen Messen der Temperatur von Lagern an schienengebundenen Fahrzeugen zu schaffen, die geeignet ist, Temperaturmessungen bei Fahrzeugen unterschiedlichster Bauart durchzuführen, die eine hohe Betriebssicherheit aufweist, möglichst wenig bewegliche Teile besitzt und lange Meßzeiten erlaubt.The object of the present invention is a device for contactless measurement of the temperature of Create bearings on rail vehicles that are suitable is temperature measurements in vehicles of the most varied Type that has a high level of operational reliability, has as few moving parts as possible and long measuring times allowed.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum berührungslosen Messen der Temperatur von Lagern fahrender schienengebundener Fahrzeuge, insbesondere des Personen- und/oder Güterverkehrs mit einem Rechner, wobei am Gleis zumindest ein Achs- und/oder Radsensor in Fahrtrichtung gesehen vor einer Infrarotmeßeinrichtung mit mehreren Infrarotoptiken, die auf das zu messende Objekt gerichtet sind und deren zum Lager gerichteten Achsen einen unterschiedlichen Winkel mit der Horizontalen einschließen, angeordnet ist, besteht im wesentlichen darin, daß zumindest zwei Infrarotoptiken an einer, insbesondere jeweils an beiden, Gleisaußenseite(n) angeordnet sind, welche voneinander unterschiedliche Normalabstände zur Schiene aufweisen und jeder Infrarotoptik ein eigener Detektor zugeordnet ist und in den Strahlenwegen von dem zu messenden Lager bis zu den jeweiligen Detektoren, bezogen auf die Neigung der Achsen der Infrarotoptik, ausschließlich in nur einer Lage festgelegte Infrarotoptikelemente, insbesondere Spiegeln, Prismen od. dgl., angeordnet sind. Durch den oder die am Gleis angeordneten Sensor(en) für Räder und/oder Achsen erfolgt einerseits eine Zählung der Achsen und andererseits kann die Infrarotmeßeinrichtung über ein Signal von dem Bereitschaftszustand in den Meßzustand gesetzt werden. So wird beispielsweise eine Abdeckung der Infrarotoptik beseitigt und dgl. mehr. Dadurch, daß zumindest zwei Infrarotoptiken an einer Gleisaußenseite, insbesondere an beiden Gleisaußenseiten, angeordnet sind und jeder Infrarotoptik ein eigener Detektor zugeordnet ist, kann ein derart weiter Bereich von möglichen Anordnungen von Lagern erfaßt werden, daß die Lager sämtlicher bislang im Einsatz befindlichen Fahrzeugen einer Temperaturmessung unterzogen werden können. Es können sowohl Lager erfaßt werden, die seitlich bzw. von unten durch Konstruktionselemente abgedeckt sind. Dadurch, daß im Strahlengang keine, bezogen auf die Infrarotoptikachse, beweglichen Spiegeln, Prismen od. dgl. vorgesehen sind, ist einerseits eine exakte Bestimmung möglich, wobei weiters keinerlei Wartungsarbeiten durch diese Elemente bedingt sind, so daß die erforderliche hohe Betriebssicherheit gegeben ist. Weiters kann durch die voneinander unabhängige Anordnung der zu einer Infrarotmeßeinrichtung gehörenden Infrarotoptiken diesen alleine zugeordneten Detektoren gewährleistet werden, daß die Detektoren möglichst nahe an die zu messende Stelle gebracht werden, so daß eine hohe Genauigkeit und Reproduzierbarkeit von Messungen gewährleistet ist. The inventive device for contactless Measuring the temperature of moving rail-mounted bearings Vehicles, especially those of people and / or Freight traffic with a computer, at least one on the track Axle and / or wheel sensor seen in the direction of travel in front of a Infrared measuring device with several infrared optics that on the objects to be measured are directed and their objects are directed towards the warehouse Axes at a different angle with the Include horizontal, arranged, consists essentially in that at least two infrared optics on one, in particular arranged on both of the outside of the track (s) which are different normal distances from each other Rail and each infrared optics have their own detector is assigned and in the radiation paths of the one to be measured Bearings to the respective detectors based on the inclination the axes of the infrared optics, only in one position Specified infrared optical elements, in particular mirrors, prisms od. Like. Are arranged. By the one or more arranged on the track Sensor (s) for wheels and / or axles takes place on the one hand a count of the axes and, on the other hand, the infrared measuring device via a signal from the ready state in the measurement state can be set. For example, a Removed the cover of the infrared optics and the like. More. Thereby, that at least two infrared optics on one side of the track, in particular on both sides of the track, are arranged and A separate detector can be assigned to each infrared lens such a wide range of possible arrangements of bearings recorded that the camps are all in use so far vehicles are subjected to a temperature measurement can be. Both camps can be recorded covered laterally or from below by construction elements are. The fact that none in the beam path, based on the infrared optical axis, movable mirrors, prisms or the like an exact determination is possible on the one hand, whereby furthermore, no maintenance work due to these elements are, so that the required high operational reliability is given. Furthermore, the independent arrangement of the infrared optics belonging to an infrared measuring device alone assigned detectors can be ensured that the Detectors brought as close as possible to the point to be measured be, so that a high accuracy and reproducibility of Measurements is guaranteed.

Ist der Infrarotmeßeinrichtung zumindest ein Achs- und/oder Radsensor vor und vorzugsweise nach derselben in Fahrtrichtung gesehen, benachbart, so können die zur Auswertung gebrachten Meßdaten wesentlich verringert werden, so daß die Sicherheit zur Anzeige von Fehlstellen wesentlich erhöht werden kann.Is the infrared measuring device at least one axis and / or wheel sensor before and preferably after the same in Seen the direction of travel, adjacent, so you can for evaluation brought measurement data can be significantly reduced, so that the Security for displaying imperfections can be significantly increased can.

Sind die Detektoren der Infrarotmeßeinrichtungen über einen Multiplexer alternierend mit dem Rechner verbunden, so können Messungen mit mehreren Detektoren während der Transportzeiten der Lager bzw. Achsen über die Sensoren erfolgen, wodurch einerseits die Datenanzahl und andererseits die Sicherheit der Messungen erhöht wird.Are the detectors of the infrared measuring devices over a multiplexer alternately connected to the computer, so can take measurements with multiple detectors during transit times the bearings or axles take place via the sensors, whereby on the one hand the number of data and on the other hand the security of measurements is increased.

Ist zumindest ein der Infrarotmeßeinrichtung benachbarter Achs- und/oder Radsensor mit dem Rechner ständig verbunden, so ist eine exakte Erfassung aller Achsen oder Räder sichergestellt.Is at least one adjacent to the infrared measuring device Axle and / or wheel sensor permanently connected to the computer, this is the exact registration of all axles or wheels ensured.

Sind die Infrarotoptiken und die Detektoren in einem, insbesondere mehrteiligen, Gehäuse angeordnet, so kann eine besonders einfache Montage der Infrarotmeßeinrichtung durchgeführt werden, wobei weiters die elektrische Versorgung und auch elektrische Weiterleitung von Signalen mit besonders geringem Aufwand gegeben ist.Are the infrared optics and the detectors in one, in particular multi-part, arranged housing, so a particularly simple assembly of the infrared measuring device carried out be, furthermore the electrical supply and also electrical transmission of signals with particularly low Effort is given.

Weisen die Normalprojektionen der zum Lager gerichteten Achsen der Infrarotoptiken auf die Gleisebene zur Fahrtrichtung voneinander unterschiedliche Winkel auf, so kann besonders einfach eine Optimierung zwischen möglichst kurzem Strahlengang und einem möglichst großen meßtechnisch zu erfassenden Bereich erreicht werden. Assign the normal projections of those directed to the camp Axes of the infrared optics on the track level to the direction of travel different angles from each other, so an optimization between the shortest possible Beam path and the largest possible measurement technology area to be reached.

Sind die zum Lager gerichteten Achsen der Infrarotoptiken zueinander windschief, so ist sichergestellt, daß von den beiden Infrarotoptiken gemeinsame Meßpunkte weitgehendst ausgeschlossen werden können.Are the axes of the infrared optics facing the warehouse skewed towards each other, it is ensured that from measurement points that are common to the two infrared optics can be excluded.

Schließt eine zum Lager gerichtete Achse einer Infrarotoptik mit der Gleisebene einen rechten Winkel ein, so können mit dieser Infrarotoptik alle jene Lager meßtechnisch erfaßt werden, die nach unten keine konstruktiven Abdeckungen aufweisen, wobei weiters der kürzest mögliche Strahlengang für die zu messenden Infrarotstrahlen gegeben ist.Closes an axis of infrared optics facing the bearing with the track plane a right angle, so can with this infrared optics all those bearings are measured that have no structural covers at the bottom, the shortest possible beam path for the infrared rays to be measured is given.

Schließt eine zum Lager gerichtete Achse einer Infrarotoptik mit einer Vertikalen auf die Gleisebene einen Winkel von 10° bis 20°, insbesondere von 15°, ein, so kann mit dieser Infrarotoptik auch die Temperatur von Lagern bestimmt werden, welche nach unten über Konstruktionsteile abgedeckt sind, wobei durch die Neigung der Achsen ein möglichst geringer Lauf der Infrarotstrahlen vom Lager zum Detektor erreicht werden kann.Closes an axis facing the bearing Infrared optics with a vertical on the track level An angle of 10 ° to 20 °, in particular of 15 °, a, can with this infrared optics also determines the temperature of bearings which are covered down over construction parts are, with the inclination of the axes as low as possible Infrared rays can be reached from the bearing to the detector can.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert.In the following the invention with reference to the drawings explained in more detail.

Es zeigen jeweils in schematischer Darstellung:

  • Fig. 1 ein Gleis mit Meßstrecke,
  • Fig. 2 die Anordnung von zwei Infrarotoptiken mit Detektoren in der Ansicht von vorne,
  • Fig. 3 und 4 die Anordnung von zwei Infrarotoptiken in der Sicht von oben,
  • Fig. 5 ein Blockschaltbild,
  • Fig. 6 und 7 den zeitlichen Verlauf der aufgezeichneten Temperaturen.
    • Each shows in a schematic representation:
  • 1 is a track with a measuring section,
  • 2 shows the arrangement of two infrared optics with detectors in the view from the front,
  • 3 and 4, the arrangement of two infrared optics in the view from above,
  • 5 is a block diagram;
  • 6 and 7 the time course of the recorded temperatures.

    • In dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Gleis 1 mit Schotteroberbau sind Radsensoren 2 angeordnet, welche über einen Rechner die Schalt- und Erfassungseinrichtung 3 mit der eigentlichen Infrarotmeßeinrichtung 4 verbunden sind, und diese bei Passieren eines Zuges in bzw. aus Bereitschaft schalten. So werden z. B. die Infrarotoptiken freigegeben. Diese Infrarotmeßeinrichtung 4 weist außerhalb der Schienen 5 des Gleises 1 zwei Infrarotoptiken 6 und 7 auf, die zur Bestimmung von heißen Bremsscheiben oder Bremsbacken als auch Schienenräder dienen. Außerhalb der Schienen sind auch die Infrarotoptiken 8, 9 angeordnet, die zur Bestimmung der Temperatur von Lagern dienen. Unmittelbar benachbart vor und nach der Infrarotmeßeinrichtung 4 sind Sensoren 15 für Achsen und Räder angeordnet, die die Infrarotmessung für jede Achse einleiten und abschließen.In the track 1 shown in Fig. 1 with ballast track are arranged wheel sensors 2, which over a Computer the switching and detection device 3 with the actual Infrared measuring device 4 are connected, and this at Pass a train into or out of standby. So z. B. released the infrared optics. This infrared measuring device 4 has two outside the rails 5 of the track 1 Infrared optics 6 and 7, which are used to determine hot Brake discs or brake shoes as well as rail wheels are used. The infrared optics 8, 9 are also outside the rails arranged to determine the temperature of bearings to serve. Immediately adjacent to before and after the infrared measuring device 4 sensors 15 for axles and wheels are arranged, which initiate and complete the infrared measurement for each axis.

    Sämtliche Infrarotoptiken und auch Detektoren für dieselben sind in einem mehrteiligen Gehäuse angeordnet, das zwischen zwei Schienenbefestigungen, insbesondere Schwellen, angeordnet ist. Bei einem Schotterbett ist das Gehäuse in einem Schwellenfach gemeinsam mit den Sensoren 15 angeordnet.All infrared optics and detectors for the same are arranged in a multi-part housing, the between two rail fastenings, in particular sleepers, is arranged. With a ballast bed, the housing is in one Threshold compartment arranged together with the sensors 15.

    Die in Fig. 2 bis 4 schematisch dargestellte Infrarotmeßeinrichtung weist Detektoren 12, rotierende Infrarotspiegel 13 sowie Infrarotsammellinse 14 auf. Die Infrarotoptik ist sonst starr angeordnet. Bei der Darstellung in Fig. 2 deckt der vordere Detektor mit zugehörenden Einrichtungen die Sicht auf den dahinter angeordneten ab, so daß nur ein Detektor sichtbar ist. Durch die geneigten Stellungen der Spiegel 13 können die senkrecht zur Gleisebene e bzw. geneigt zur Vertikalen einfallenden Infrarotstrahlen, die in Richtung der zum Lager gerichteten Achsen 10 bzw. 11, welche senkrecht zur Gleisebene e bzw. unter einen Winkel α zur Vertikalen ν verlaufen, zum eigenen Detektor 12 geleitet werden, so daß die gesamte Bauhöhe einer derartigen Einrichtung gering gehalten werden kann und nicht zusätzliche Ausnehmungen im Gleisoberbau für die Aufnahme der Meßeinrichtung erforderlich sind. Jeder Infrarotoptik 8, 9 ist ein eigener Detektor 12 zugeordnet.The infrared measuring device shown schematically in FIGS. 2 to 4 has detectors 12, rotating infrared mirrors 13 and infrared collecting lens 14. The infrared optics is otherwise rigidly arranged. In the illustration in Fig. 2, the front covers Detector with associated devices the view of the arranged behind, so that only one detector is visible. Due to the inclined positions of the mirrors 13, the perpendicular to the track plane e or inclined to the vertical Infrared rays directed towards the camp Axes 10 and 11, which are perpendicular to the track plane e or run at an angle α to the vertical ν to own detector 12 are directed so that the entire height such a device can be kept low and not additional recesses in the track superstructure for the admission the measuring device are required. Any infrared optics A separate detector 12 is assigned to 8, 9.

    Vor und nach der Infrarotmeßeinrichtung 4 mit den Infrarotoptiken 8, 9 sind in Fahrtrichtung x Sensoren 15 vorgesehen, die das Aufzeichnen des eigentlichen Meßvorganges einleiten bzw. beendigen. Wie aus den Fig. 3 und 4 ersichtlich, können die Optiken 8, 9 der Infrarotmeßeinrichtungen 4 entweder, wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt, parallel oder wie in Fig. 4 dargestellt, geneigt zueinander und auch einen unterschiedlichen Winkel mit der Fahrtrichtung x einschließend angeordnet sein. Die Spiegel 13 lenken die von den Lagern ausgehenden Infrarotstrahlen jeweils auf die Detektoren 12. Durch die unterschiedliche Entfernung der Spiegel 13 zur Schiene 5 und ihrer unterschiedlichen Neigung zur Vertikalen können Meßbereiche in unterschiedlicher Höhe bei den Fahrzeugen erfaßt werden, wobei auch nach unten abgedeckte Lager einer Messung unterzogen werden können. Bei windschiefer Anordnung der Achsen wird ein noch weiterer Bereich erfaßt.Before and after the infrared measuring device 4 with the Infrared optics 8, 9 are provided in the direction of travel x sensors 15, which is the recording of the actual measuring process initiate or terminate. 3 and 4, can the optics 8, 9 of the infrared measuring devices 4 either, as shown in Fig. 3, in parallel or as shown in Fig. 4, inclined to each other and also with a different angle the direction x to be arranged including. The mirrors 13 direct the infrared rays emanating from the bearings on the detectors 12. Due to the different distance of the Mirror 13 to the rail 5 and its different inclination to Vertical measuring ranges can vary in height Vehicles are detected, including those covered below Bearings can be subjected to a measurement. With slate The arrangement of the axes covers a still further area.

    Die Arbeitsweise wird anhand des Blockschaltbildes gemäß Fig. 5 näher erläutert. Die beiden Detektoren 12 der Infrarotmeßeinrichtungen 4 werden durch die Radsensoren 2, die 20 m vor und 20 m nach der Infrarotmeßeinrichtung angeordnet sind, über die Schalteinrichtung 16 in Meßbereitschaft gebracht. Es werden somit Abdeckungen von den Linsen und den Spiegeln entfernt, die Spiegeln in Rotation versetzt und dgl. mehr. Durch die weiteren Sensoren 15, z. B. Induktionsspulen, welche ständig mit dem Rechner 3 verbunden sind, werden die Ausgänge der Infrarotmeßeinrichtung mit den Detektoren 12 über die Schalteinrichtung 17 mit dem Multiplexer 18 verbunden, der über den Analog/ Digitalwandler 19 alternierend eine der beiden Detektoren 12 mit der zentralen Auswertanlage, u. zw. einem Rechner 3, verbindet. Die Frequenz des Umschaltens von einem Detektor auf den anderen beträgt 50 kHz, so daß während des Vorbeifahrens eines Lagers in einer Zeitspanne einer halben Sekunde von beiden Detektoren der Meßvorgang mehrfach durchgeführt wird.The method of operation is based on the block diagram 5 explained in more detail. The two detectors 12 of the Infrared measuring devices 4 are operated by the wheel sensors 2 Arranged 20 m before and 20 m after the infrared measuring device are brought into readiness for measurement via the switching device 16. There are thus covers from the lenses and the mirrors removed, the mirrors set in rotation and the like. More. By the other sensors 15, for. B. induction coils, which constantly are connected to the computer 3, the outputs of Infrared measuring device with the detectors 12 via the switching device 17 connected to the multiplexer 18, which via the Analog / digital converter 19 alternately one of the two detectors 12 with the central evaluation system, u. between a computer 3, connects. The frequency of switching from a detector to the other is 50 kHz, so that while driving past of a camp in a half second period of both Detectors the measuring process is carried out several times.

    Die in den Fig. 6 und 7 dargestellten Diagramme weisen Linien a, b, c und d auf. Bei der Linie a ist das Vorbeifahren einer Radachse an den Sensoren 15 mit einem Peak indiziert, die unmittelbar den Infrarotmeßeinrichtungen benachbart sind, so daß beide alternierend mit dem Rechner 3 verbunden sind. Die Kurven b und c geben die Temperaturen in den Meßbereichen wider. Bei Fig. 6 weist die Kurve b zum Unterschied von der Kurve c einen geringeren Temperaturausschlag auf, und es wird zur weiteren Auswertung im Rechner die Kurve c herangezogen. Die Höhe der Peaks zeigt die Abweichung von der Umgebungstemperatur an.The diagrams shown in Figs. 6 and 7 have lines a, b, c and d. With line a it is Driving a wheel axle past the sensors 15 with a peak indicated that immediately adjacent to the infrared measuring devices are so that both alternately connected to the computer 3 are. Curves b and c give the temperatures in the measuring ranges contrary. In Fig. 6, curve b shows the difference from curve c a lower temperature excursion, and it curve c is used for further evaluation in the computer. The height of the peaks shows the deviation from the Ambient temperature.

    In Fig. 7 ist das Meßergebnis eines Waggons mit acht Achsen dargestellt, wobei auch hier die höheren Temperaturwerte bei der Kurve c vorliegen. 7 is the measurement result of a wagon with eight Axes shown, with the higher temperature values are present at curve c.

    Durch die Kurve a, welche kontinuierlich aufgenommen wird, ist die Identifizierung der Achsen (durch einen Peak angezeigt) und damit der Waggons gegeben, wohingegen durch die Kurven b und c bei Überschreitung eines vorgegebenen Wertes unerwünschte Erwärmungen indizieren. Die unerwünschten Erwärmungen sind somit aufgezeichnet und können bei Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen Schwellenwertes, beispielsweise zur Auslösung eines optischen und/oder akustischen Signales, beispielsweise im Fahrdienstgebäude, herangezogen werden oder es kann auch automatisch das nächste Signal für den Zug auf Halt gestellt werden. Die Kurven d in Fig. 6 und 7 zeigen an, daß die Radkranztemperatur unter einem Schwellenwert liegt.Through curve a, which is recorded continuously is the identification of the axes (by a peak indicated) and thus given the wagons, whereas by the Curves b and c when a given value is exceeded indicate undesirable warming. The unwanted warming are thus recorded and can be exceeded a predetermined threshold value, for example for triggering an optical and / or acoustic signal, for example in the service building, can be used or it can the next signal for the train is also automatically stopped become. The curves d in Figs. 6 and 7 indicate that the Wheel rim temperature is below a threshold.

    Der Temperaturverlauf unterschiedlicher Bereiche eines Lagers, des Radkranzes usw. wird durch die verschiedenen Detektoren 12 gemessen, welche über den Multiplexer 18 und den Analog/ Digitalwandler 19 mit dem Rechner 3 verbunden sind. Pro Detektor erfolgen 600 Messungen in der mittleren Zeit, in welcher ein Lager einen Detektor bei 180 km/h passiert. Diese Messungen werden in einem Rechner erfaßt, bestimmt, gespeichert und zum Steuern verwendet.The temperature curve of different areas of a bearing, the wheel rim, etc. is different Detectors 12 measured, which via the multiplexer 18 and Analog / digital converter 19 are connected to the computer 3. Per 600 measurements are made in the middle time, in which a warehouse passes a detector at 180 km / h. These measurements are recorded in a computer, determined, stored and for Taxes used.

    Claims (9)

    Vorrichtung zum berührungslosen Messen der Temperatur von Lagern fahrender schienengebundener Fahrzeuge, insbesondere des Personen- und/oder Güterverkehrs mit einem Rechner (3), wobei am Gleis (1) zumindest ein Achs- und/oder Radsensor (2) in Fahrtrichtung (x) gesehen vor einer Infrarotmeßeinrichtung (4) mit mehreren Infrarotoptiken (8, 9), die auf das zu messende Objekt gerichtet sind und deren zum Lager gerichteten Achsen (10, 11) unterschiedliche Winkel mit der Horizontalen einschließen, angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest zwei Infrarotoptiken (8, 9) an einer, insbesondere jeweils an beiden, Gleisaußenseite(n) angeordnet sind, welche voneinander unterschiedliche Normalabstände zur Schiene aufweisen, wobei jeder Infrarotoptik (8, 9) ein eigener Detektor (12) zugeordnet ist und in den Strahlenwegen von dem zu messenden Lager bis zu den jeweiligen Detektoren (12), bezogen auf die Neigung der Achsen der Infrarotoptik, ausschließlich in nur einer Lage festgelegte Infrarotoptikelemente, insbesondere Spiegeln, Prismen od. dgl., angeordnet sind.Device for non-contact measurement of the temperature of the bearings of rail-bound vehicles in motion, in particular passenger and / or freight traffic, using a computer (3), with at least one axle and / or wheel sensor (2) seen in the direction of travel (x) on the track (1) is arranged in front of an infrared measuring device (4) with a plurality of infrared optics (8, 9) which are directed towards the object to be measured and whose axes (10, 11) directed towards the bearing form different angles with the horizontal, characterized in that at least two Infrared optics (8, 9) are arranged on one, in particular on both, outside of the track (s), which have different normal distances from the rail, each infrared optic (8, 9) being assigned its own detector (12) and in the beam paths of the bearing to be measured up to the respective detectors (12), based on the inclination of the axes of the infrared optics, is only fixed in one position e infrared optical elements, in particular mirrors, prisms or the like, are arranged. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Infrarotmeßeinrichtung (4) zumindest ein Achs- und/oder Radsensor (15) vor und vorzugsweise nach derselben in Fahrtrichtung (x) gesehen, benachbart ist.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the infrared measuring device (4) is adjacent to at least one axle and / or wheel sensor (15) before and preferably after it in the direction of travel (x). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Detektoren (12) der Infrarotmeßeinrichtung (4) über einen Multiplexer (18) alternierend mit dem Rechner (3) verbunden sind. Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the detectors (12) of the infrared measuring device (4) are alternately connected to the computer (3) via a multiplexer (18). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest ein der Infrarotmeßeinrichtung (4) benachbarter Achs- und/oder Radsensor (15) mit dem Rechner (3) ständig verbunden ist.Apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that at least one axle and / or wheel sensor (15) adjacent to the infrared measuring device (4) is permanently connected to the computer (3). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Infrarotoptiken (8, 9) und die Detektoren (12) in einem, insbesondere mehrteiligen, Gehäuse angeordnet sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the infrared optics (8, 9) and the detectors (12) are arranged in a, in particular multi-part, housing. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Normalprojektion der zum Lager gerichteten Achsen der Infrarotoptiken auf die Gleisebene (e) zur Fahrtrichtung (x) voneinander unterschiedliche Winkel aufweisen (Fig. 4).Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the normal projection of the axes of the infrared optics directed towards the bearing onto the track plane (e) to the direction of travel (x) have mutually different angles (Fig. 4). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zum Lager gerichteten Achsen (10, 11) der Infrarotoptiken zueinander windschief sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the axes (10, 11) of the infrared optics directed towards the bearing are skewed towards one another. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine zum Lager gerichtete Achse (10) einer Infrarotoptik mit der Gleisebene (e) einen rechten Winkel einschließt (Fig. 2).Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that an axis (10) of infrared optics directed towards the bearing encloses a right angle with the track plane (e) (Fig. 2). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine zum Lager gerichtete Achse (10) einer Infrarotptik mit einer Vertikalen (v) auf die Gleisebene (e) einen Winkel (α) von 10° bis 20°, insbesondere ca. 15°, einschließt.Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that an axis (10) of the infrared optics directed towards the bearing with a vertical (v) on the track plane (e) has an angle (α) of 10 ° to 20 °, in particular approximately 15 °, includes.
    EP99890110A 1998-04-09 1999-03-30 Device for contactlessly measuring the temperature of bearings of running trackbound vehicles Expired - Lifetime EP0949134B1 (en)

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    SI9930828T SI0949134T1 (en) 1998-04-09 1999-03-30 Device for contactlessly measuring the temperature of bearings of running trackbound vehicles

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    AT62798 1998-04-09
    AT0062798A AT408214B (en) 1998-04-09 1998-04-09 DEVICE FOR THE CONTACTLESS MEASUREMENT OF THE TEMPERATURE OF BEARING RAIL VEHICLES

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    EP0949134A1 true EP0949134A1 (en) 1999-10-13
    EP0949134B1 EP0949134B1 (en) 2005-09-07

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    EP99890110A Expired - Lifetime EP0949134B1 (en) 1998-04-09 1999-03-30 Device for contactlessly measuring the temperature of bearings of running trackbound vehicles

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    EP (1) EP0949134B1 (en)
    AT (1) AT408214B (en)
    DE (1) DE59912513D1 (en)
    HU (1) HU225337B1 (en)
    SI (1) SI0949134T1 (en)

    Cited By (2)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    EP2146193A1 (en) 2008-07-19 2010-01-20 SST Signal uns System Technik GmbH Device for contactless measurement of the temperature of heated components in moving railway vehicles
    CN106585663A (en) * 2017-02-23 2017-04-26 济宁市智通电子科技有限公司 Rail wagon axle temperature detecting system

    Citations (6)

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    EP0041178A1 (en) * 1980-05-29 1981-12-09 Industrie Automation GmbH & Co. Device for the detection of unduly heated parts of a running railroad car
    EP0265417A2 (en) 1986-10-17 1988-04-27 VOEST-ALPINE Eisenbahnsysteme Gesellschaft m.b.H. Detecting device for unacceptably heated wheel bearings and/or tyres
    EP0265538A1 (en) 1986-10-28 1988-05-04 SIGNALTECHNIK GmbH Device for the contactless measurement of the temperatures of the brakes of passing railway coaches
    EP0457752A1 (en) 1990-05-18 1991-11-21 VOEST-ALPINE Eisenbahnsysteme Aktiengesellschaft Method of measuring the temperatures of axles and bearings for detection of hot-boxes
    US5100243A (en) * 1990-12-12 1992-03-31 Servo Corporation Of America Self-calibrating hot wheel detector for railroads
    EP0604389A1 (en) 1992-12-21 1994-06-29 VAE Aktiengesellschaft Device for the detection of unacceptably heated components or spots on moving objects

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    DE2343904C3 (en) * 1973-08-31 1979-11-29 Industrie Automation Gmbh & Co, 6900 Heidelberg Method for measuring the temperature of axle bearings in rail vehicles
    DE4217681C3 (en) * 1992-05-29 1999-02-25 Rabotek Ind Computer Gmbh Wheelset diagnostic device for monitoring passing railway vehicles

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    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    EP0041178A1 (en) * 1980-05-29 1981-12-09 Industrie Automation GmbH & Co. Device for the detection of unduly heated parts of a running railroad car
    EP0265417A2 (en) 1986-10-17 1988-04-27 VOEST-ALPINE Eisenbahnsysteme Gesellschaft m.b.H. Detecting device for unacceptably heated wheel bearings and/or tyres
    EP0265538A1 (en) 1986-10-28 1988-05-04 SIGNALTECHNIK GmbH Device for the contactless measurement of the temperatures of the brakes of passing railway coaches
    EP0457752A1 (en) 1990-05-18 1991-11-21 VOEST-ALPINE Eisenbahnsysteme Aktiengesellschaft Method of measuring the temperatures of axles and bearings for detection of hot-boxes
    US5100243A (en) * 1990-12-12 1992-03-31 Servo Corporation Of America Self-calibrating hot wheel detector for railroads
    EP0604389A1 (en) 1992-12-21 1994-06-29 VAE Aktiengesellschaft Device for the detection of unacceptably heated components or spots on moving objects

    Cited By (2)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    EP2146193A1 (en) 2008-07-19 2010-01-20 SST Signal uns System Technik GmbH Device for contactless measurement of the temperature of heated components in moving railway vehicles
    CN106585663A (en) * 2017-02-23 2017-04-26 济宁市智通电子科技有限公司 Rail wagon axle temperature detecting system

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    HU225337B1 (en) 2006-09-28
    SI0949134T1 (en) 2006-02-28
    DE59912513D1 (en) 2005-10-13
    HU9900890D0 (en) 1999-06-28
    AT408214B (en) 2001-09-25
    EP0949134B1 (en) 2005-09-07
    ATA62798A (en) 2001-02-15
    HUP9900890A3 (en) 2002-02-28
    HUP9900890A2 (en) 1999-11-29

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