EP0041178A1 - Device for the detection of unduly heated parts of a running railroad car - Google Patents

Device for the detection of unduly heated parts of a running railroad car Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0041178A1
EP0041178A1 EP19810103824 EP81103824A EP0041178A1 EP 0041178 A1 EP0041178 A1 EP 0041178A1 EP 19810103824 EP19810103824 EP 19810103824 EP 81103824 A EP81103824 A EP 81103824A EP 0041178 A1 EP0041178 A1 EP 0041178A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
detector
wheel
detecting
wheel rim
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Granted
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EP19810103824
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0041178B1 (en
Inventor
Jens Dührkoop
Hans Braun
Peter Steiger
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CSEE Transport
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Industrie Automation GmbH and Co
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Publication of EP0041178A1 publication Critical patent/EP0041178A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/04—Detectors for indicating the overheating of axle bearings and the like, e.g. associated with the brake system for applying the brakes in case of a fault
    • B61K9/06—Detectors for indicating the overheating of axle bearings and the like, e.g. associated with the brake system for applying the brakes in case of a fault by detecting or indicating heat radiation from overheated axles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for detecting inadmissibly heated components on moving railroad cars, in particular for detecting overheated bearings and / or wheel rims or brakes.
  • the detectors deliver an electrical signal proportional to the bearing heat, the intensity of which can be seen when one of the bearings running past has warmed to an inadmissible degree, i.e. has overheated.
  • the amplifier is followed by electrical amplifiers and electronic switching means, which contain a series of threshold switches.
  • the threshold switches respond to certain signal strengths and thus report overheated bearings.
  • track switching means are also present on the track, which are switched by the passing wheels and only activate the entire detection circuit when a wheel drives past.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to eliminate these disadvantages and to provide a device of the type specified, which detects both an impermissible temperature increase in the axle bearing and a temperature increase in the brake pads or the wheel rim, on the same wheel, and in which The cost of electronic components is significantly reduced.
  • this object is achieved by a ß d both the evaluation threshold value for detecting an elevated storage temperature as well as to detect an increased wheel rim or brake pad temperature, and that the detector for the bearing temperature and the detector for the wheel rim temperature are structurally combined in a common housing.
  • the general solution is therefore to spatially combine the detectors for the bearing temperature and for the brake pad or wheel rim temperature such that both always measure the same wheel, and to use the required evaluation electronics twice, with separate threshold switches for the bearing temperature in this electronics and are installed for the brake pad or wheel rim temperature.
  • the storage temperature is then increased, for example, already inadmissible if their difference is at ambient temperature, about 100 °, while this is the case with the friction pad or Radkranztemperatur only with a difference of about 250 0th
  • the degrees mentioned do not represent exact values but are only given to show the magnitude of the temperature differences.
  • the last-mentioned wheel rim temperature is the actually interesting temperature
  • Such an elevated wheel rim temperature can be due to the fact that the brake pads rub on the wheel, but it can also result from the fact that the wheel rubs on the rail when the wheel is blocked by the brake pads.
  • the resulting warming is much stronger, which can lead to loosening of the shrunk-on wheel rim and thus derailment of the train after just a few kilometers.
  • the measuring axis is aligned with the center of the wheel, and when a wheel passes, a brake pad always runs in succession, then the axle bearing and then the second brake pad through the measurement axis. It is therefore possible to measure both the brake pad and the bearing temperature always the same To use detector. However, this detector with its downstream electronics must be activated twice in succession; first for the front brake pad and then for the axle bearing. (The second brake pad does not need to be adjusted because its temperature will always be essentially the same as that of the first brake pad.) For this double activation, separate track switching means, e.g. magnetic switches, are required, which are arranged offset on the track and one after the other from the passing wheel be switched. i
  • the measuring axis is directed vertically upwards and only detects the bearing running over the detector. This detector "sees" nothing of the brake pads and the wheel rim. It is therefore necessary for the measurement of the wheel rim temperature, which can be accommodated with the axle detector in or on the same housing, but whose measuring axis is directed specifically at the wheel rim, specifically at the point which is perpendicular to the axle bearing rests on the track.
  • 1 denotes the wheel of a railroad car that runs on a rail 2.
  • the wheel sits on an axle 3 which is mounted in a bearing 4 which is supported by a frame 5.
  • This device consists of infrared-sensitive detectors 6 and 7; namely, the detector 6 is provided for the detection of the bearing 4 and the detector 7 for the detection of the wheel rim 1. Both detectors are, however, accommodated in a common housing 8.
  • the bearing 4 is detected vertically from below.
  • a deflection mirror 10 is arranged in the measuring axis 6a, which deflects the measuring axis or the incident IR rays by approximately 90 o redirects.
  • the detector 7 measures in a horizontal direction 6b) directly on the wheel rim.
  • the two detectors 6 and 7 are followed by electronic components that are used for both circuits. They are housed in the housing 11 shown schematically. However, the threshold switches for the storage temperature SSL and for the wheel temperature SSR are available separately in them.
  • the other electronic components consist in a known manner e.g. from amplifiers, means for analog signal processing, axle counters, etc., which are not shown separately. However, there are also separate message stores with display means 12, 13.
  • the measurement of the bearing temperature and the wheel temperature takes place at the same moment, namely at the moment when the axis is perpendicular to the device, the zone being measured on the wheel that is currently resting on the rail.
  • the switch can also be arranged at a location other than that shown, e.g. on the same side as the measuring device. In addition, it can sit on the opposite track and be switched by the opposite wheel, or offset by one center distance.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show a device with oblique scanning.
  • the measuring axis 15 is inclined to the wheel plane. It is easy to understand that with such an arrangement of the measuring axis when a wheel passes through, the wheel rim first runs through the measuring axis, then the bearing and then again the wheel rim. The temperatures of the bearing and wheel are therefore not measured at the same instant as in the example in FIG. 1, but in succession.
  • Only one detector 16 is required for these measurements one after the other, to which the IR rays are fed via corresponding optics 17. However, this detector with its downstream electronic circuits must be activated twice, namely at a distance of half the wheel diameter.
  • two separate track switches 18 and 19 are required. In Figure 3 they are shown for the sake of drawing as lying on the opposite track. They are switched by the wheel 1 a sitting on a common axis with the wheel 1, and in turn switch the electronic components in the cabinet 20.
  • the track switches 18 and 19 have to be wide enough to ensure that the circuit is active at the right moment for all practically occurring wheel diameters.

Abstract

1. Detection device for spotting overheated components at the wheel frame of a moving railroad car comprising detector means integrated in a stationary manner in the rail for sensing infrared radiation, a subsequent analyzing electronic circuitry including rail switch means mounted at the rail to activate said detector means and said circuitry at the time a wheel passes by, said circuitry containing threshold value switches for detecting an in-admissible high bearing temperature and threshold value switches for detecting an inadmissible high temperature of the wheel rim and of the brake lining, characterized in that for detecting the bearing temperature and the wheel rim temperature the device comprises two separate detector means (6; 7) with associated optical means which are constructively combined in a common housing (8) and that for the said separate detector means (6; 7) only one rail switch means is provided.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Erkennen unzulässig erwärmter Bauteile an fahrenden Eisenbahnwagen, insbesondere zum Erkennen heißgelaufener Lager und/oder Radkränzen bzw. Bremsen.The invention relates to a device for detecting inadmissibly heated components on moving railroad cars, in particular for detecting overheated bearings and / or wheel rims or brakes.

Es ist bekannt, nahe den Gleisen einer Eisenbahnstrecke infrarotempfindliche Detektoren anzuordnen, und mittels einer geeigneten Optik einen Teil der von den Lagern vorbeilaufender Eisenbahnwagen ausgehenden Wärmestrahlung (=Infrarotstrahlung) auf den Detektor zu projizieren. Die Detektoren liefern dabei ein der Lagerwärme proportionales elektrisches Signal, an dessen Intensität sich erkennen läßt, wenn eines der vorbeilaufenden Lager sich unzulässig erwärmt hat, d.h. heißgelaufen ist. Zu diesem Zweck sind dem Detektor elektrische Verstärker und elektronische Schaltmittel nachgeschaltet, die eine Reihe von Schwellwertschaltern enthalten. Die Schwellwertschalter sprechen auf bestimmte Signalstärken an und melden so heißgelaufene Lager. Außerdem sind am Gleis noch Gleisschaltmittel vorhanden, die von den vorbeifahrenden Rädern geschaltet werden und die gesamte Erkennungsschaltung nur dann aktivieren, wenn ein Rad vorbeifährt.It is known to arrange infrared-sensitive detectors near the tracks of a railway line, and to use a suitable optical system to project part of the heat radiation (= infrared radiation) emanating from the railroad cars passing by the bearings onto the detector. The detectors deliver an electrical signal proportional to the bearing heat, the intensity of which can be seen when one of the bearings running past has warmed to an inadmissible degree, i.e. has overheated. For this purpose, the amplifier is followed by electrical amplifiers and electronic switching means, which contain a series of threshold switches. The threshold switches respond to certain signal strengths and thus report overheated bearings. In addition, track switching means are also present on the track, which are switched by the passing wheels and only activate the entire detection circuit when a wheel drives past.

Ferner ist es bekannt, derartige Erkennungs-Vorrichtungen in gleicher Weise zum Erkennen heißgelaufener Bremsen bzw.Furthermore, it is known to use such detection devices in the same way for detecting overheated brakes or

Radkränze zu verwenden. Es ist jedoch ein Nachteil der bisher bekannten Vorrichtungen dieser Art, daß für das Erkennen von heißgelaufenen Lagern und von heißgelaufenen Bremsen bzw. Radkränzen zwei getrennte Vorrichtungen vorgesehen sind, die auch räumlich an der Gleisstrecke an völlig getrennten Plätzen stehen. Der Nachteil besteht darin, daß dabei weitestgehend die Detektoren und die nachgeschaltete Elektronik doppelt benötigt werden, und vor allem auch darin, daß die Messung, von Lager einerseits und Bremse bzw. Radkranz andererseits -niemals am gleichen Rad erfolgt, sondern wegen der getrennten räumlichen Anordnung immer an getrennten Rädern.To use wheel rims. However, it is a disadvantage of the previously known devices of this type that two separate devices are provided for the detection of overheated bearings and overheated brakes or wheel rims, which are also spatially located on the track in completely separate places. The disadvantage is that the detectors and the downstream electronics are largely required twice, and above all that the measurement of the bearing on the one hand and the brake or wheel rim on the other is never carried out on the same wheel, but because of the separate spatial arrangement always on separate wheels.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, diese Nachteile zu beseitigen und eine Vorrichtung der angegebenen Art zu schaffen, die sowohl eine unzulässige Temperaturerhöhung des Achslagers als auch eine Temperaturerhöhung der Bremsklötze bzw. des Radkranzes erkennt, und zwar am gleichen Rad, und bei der der Aufwand an elektronischen Bauelementen wesentlich vermindert ist.The invention is therefore based on the object to eliminate these disadvantages and to provide a device of the type specified, which detects both an impermissible temperature increase in the axle bearing and a temperature increase in the brake pads or the wheel rim, on the same wheel, and in which The cost of electronic components is significantly reduced.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Auswerteelektronik sowohl Schwellwertschalter zur Erkennung einer erhöhten Lagertemperatur als auch zur Erkennung einer erhöhten Radkranz- bzw. Bremsklotztemperatur enthält, und daß der Detektor für die Lagertemperatur und der Detektor für die Radkranztemperatur in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse baulich vereinigt sind.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a ß d both the evaluation threshold value for detecting an elevated storage temperature as well as to detect an increased wheel rim or brake pad temperature, and that the detector for the bearing temperature and the detector for the wheel rim temperature are structurally combined in a common housing.

Der allgemeine Lösungsgedanke besteht demnach darin, die Detektoren für die Lagertemperatur und für die Bremsklotz- bzw. Radkranztemperatur räumlich derart zu vereinigen, daß beide stets das gleiche Rad anmessen, und die erforderliche Auswerteelektronik zweimal zu verwenden, wobei in diese Elektronik getrennte Schwellwertschalter für die Lagertemperatur und für die Bremsklotz- bzw. Radkranztemperatur eingebaut sind.The general solution is therefore to spatially combine the detectors for the bearing temperature and for the brake pad or wheel rim temperature such that both always measure the same wheel, and to use the required evaluation electronics twice, with separate threshold switches for the bearing temperature in this electronics and are installed for the brake pad or wheel rim temperature.

Letzteres ist deshalb möglich, weil diese beiden Temperaturen stark unterschiedlich sind. Die Lagertemperatur ist z.B. bereits dann unzulässig erhöht, wenn ihre Differenz zur Umgebungstemperatur etwa 100° beträgt, während dies bei der Bremsklotz- bzw. Radkranztemperatur erst bei einer Differenz von etwa 2500 der Fall ist. Die genannten Gradzahlen stellen aber keine exakten Werte dar sondern sind nur genannt, um die Größenordnung der Temperaturunterschiede aufzuzeigen.The latter is possible because these two temperatures are very different. The storage temperature is then increased, for example, already inadmissible if their difference is at ambient temperature, about 100 °, while this is the case with the friction pad or Radkranztemperatur only with a difference of about 250 0th The degrees mentioned do not represent exact values but are only given to show the magnitude of the temperature differences.

Es sei auch noch darauf hingewiesen, daß bei der Messung der Bremsklotz- bzw. Radkranztemperatur die letztgenannte Radkranztemperatur die eigentlich interessante Temperatur Eine solche erhöhte Radkranztemperatur kann einmal daher rühren, daß die Bremsklötze auf dem Rad schleifen, sie kann aber auch daher rühren, daß bei durch die Bremsklötze blockiertem Rad das letztere auf der Schiene schleift. Die dabei auftretende Erwärmung ist die weitaus stärkere, die schon nach wenigen Kilometern zum Lösen des aufgeschrumpften Radkranzes und damit zum Entgleisen des Zuges führen kann.It should also be pointed out that when measuring the brake pad or wheel rim temperature, the last-mentioned wheel rim temperature is the actually interesting temperature Such an elevated wheel rim temperature can be due to the fact that the brake pads rub on the wheel, but it can also result from the fact that the wheel rubs on the rail when the wheel is blocked by the brake pads. The resulting warming is much stronger, which can lead to loosening of the shrunk-on wheel rim and thus derailment of the train after just a few kilometers.

Der oben genannte allgemeine Lösungsgedanke kann in zwei unterschiedlichen konkreten Lösungen verwirklicht werden. Diese Lösungen unterscheiden sich danach, wie die Achse des Meßstrahls relativ zur Ebene des vorbeilaufenden Rades verläuft, nämlich entweder schräg oder parallel. Mit anderen Worten heißt dies, ob der Detektor senkrecht unter dem über ihm vorbeilaufenden Lager angeordnet ist (paralleler Meßachsenverlauf), oder ob der Detektor soweit seitlich neben der Schiene angeordnet ist, daß die Meßachse schräg zum Rad verläuft.The general solution concept mentioned above can be realized in two different concrete solutions. These solutions differ according to how the axis of the measuring beam runs relative to the plane of the passing wheel, namely either obliquely or parallel. In other words, this means whether the detector is arranged vertically under the bearing passing above it (parallel measuring axis course), or whether the detector is arranged so far to the side of the rail that the measuring axis is inclined to the wheel.

Im letzteren Falle ist die Meßachse auf die Radmitte ausgerichtet,und wenn ein Rad vorbeiläuft, so laufen immer zeitlich nacheinander zunächst ein Bremsklotz, dann das Achslager und dann der zweite Bremsklotz durch die Meßachse. Es ist daher möglich zur Messung sowohl der Bremsklotz- als auch der Lagertemperatur stets den gleichen Detektor zu verwenden. Dieser Detektor mit seiner nachgeschalteten Elektronik muß jedoch zeitlich nacheinander zweimal aktiviert werden; zunächst für den vorderen Bremsklotz und danach für das Achslager. (Der zweite Bremsklotz braucht nicht angemessen zu werden, weil seine Temperatur im wesentlichen immer gleich derjenigen des ersten Bremsklotzes sein wird.) Für diese zweimalige Aktivierung sind getrennte Gleisschaltmittel, z.B. Magnetschalter, erforderlich, die versetzt zueinander am Gleis angeordnet sind und vom vorbeilaufenden Rad nacheinander geschaltet werden. iIn the latter case, the measuring axis is aligned with the center of the wheel, and when a wheel passes, a brake pad always runs in succession, then the axle bearing and then the second brake pad through the measurement axis. It is therefore possible to measure both the brake pad and the bearing temperature always the same To use detector. However, this detector with its downstream electronics must be activated twice in succession; first for the front brake pad and then for the axle bearing. (The second brake pad does not need to be adjusted because its temperature will always be essentially the same as that of the first brake pad.) For this double activation, separate track switching means, e.g. magnetic switches, are required, which are arranged offset on the track and one after the other from the passing wheel be switched. i

Im ersteren Falle ist die Meßachse senkrecht nach oben gerichtet und erfaßt nur das über dem Detektor hinweglaufende Lager. Von den Bremsklötzen und dem Radkranz "sieht" dieser Detektor nichts. Es ist daher für die Messung der Radkranztemperatur ein gesonderter Detektor erforderlich, der mit dem Achs-Detektor im bzw. am gleichen Gehäuse untergebracht sein kann, dessen Meßachse jedoch speziell auf den Rädkranz gerichtet ist, und zwar auf diejenige Stelle, die senkrecht unterhalb des Achslagers auf dem Gleis aufliegt.In the former case, the measuring axis is directed vertically upwards and only detects the bearing running over the detector. This detector "sees" nothing of the brake pads and the wheel rim. It is therefore necessary for the measurement of the wheel rim temperature, which can be accommodated with the axle detector in or on the same housing, but whose measuring axis is directed specifically at the wheel rim, specifically at the point which is perpendicular to the axle bearing rests on the track.

Die Messung der Lagertemperatur und der Radkranztemperatur erfolgt daher bei dieser konkreten Lösung zeitlich im gleichen Moment. Daher können bei dieser Lösung die gleichen Gleisschaltmittel verwendet werden, die zum gleichen Zeitpunkt beide Detektoren aktivieren. Während somit bei der erstbeschriebenen Lösung der gleiche Detektor, aber vershhiedene Gleisschaltmittel benutzt werden, werden bei der letztbeschriebenen Lösung die gleichen Gleisschaltmittel aber unterschiedliche Detektoren verwendet.The measurement of the bearing temperature and the wheel rim temperature is therefore carried out temporally in this specific solution same moment. Therefore, the same track switching means can be used in this solution, which activate both detectors at the same time. Thus, while the same detector but different track switching means are used in the solution described first, the same track switching means but different detectors are used in the solution described last.

In der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung in zwei Ausführungsbeispielen dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 schematisch eine Vorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung mit Abtastung der Achslager senkrecht von unten, mit zwei Detektoren und einem Gleisschalter,
  • Fig. 2 schematisch eine Vorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung mit schräger Abtastung der Achslager, mit einem Detektor und zwei Gleisschaltern, und
  • Fig. 3 die Vorrichtung der Fig.2 in einer Ansicht in Pfeilrichtung A der-Fig.2.
In the drawing, the invention is shown in two exemplary embodiments. Show it:
  • 1 schematically shows a device according to the invention with scanning of the axle bearings vertically from below, with two detectors and a track switch,
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically a device according to the invention with oblique scanning of the axle bearings, with a detector and two track switches, and
  • Fig. 3 shows the device of Figure 2 in a view in the direction of arrow A of Fig.2.

In Fig.1 ist mit 1 das Rad eines Eisenbahnwagens bezeichnet, das auf einer Schiene 2 läuft. Das Rad sitzt auf einer Achse 3, die in einem Lager 4 gelagert ist, das von einem Rahmen 5 getragen wird.In Figure 1, 1 denotes the wheel of a railroad car that runs on a rail 2. The wheel sits on an axle 3 which is mounted in a bearing 4 which is supported by a frame 5.

Seitlich der Schiene 2 sitzt eine Vorrichtung zum Erkennen von unzulässigen Erwärmungen des Lagers 4 und des Radkranzes des Rades 1. Diese Vorrichtung besteht aus infrarotempfindlichen Detektoren 6 und 7; und zwar ist für die Detektierung des Lagers 4 der Detektor 6 vorgesehen und dür die Detektierung des Radkranzes 1 der Detektor 7. Beide Detektoren sind jedoch in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse 8 untergebracht. Die Detektierung des Lagers 4 erfolgt senkrecht von unten. Zu diesem Zweck ist in der Meßachse 6a außer den üblichen optischen Bauelementen ein Umlenkspiegel 10 angeordnet, der die Meßachse bzw. die einfallenden IR-Strahlen um etwa 90 o umlenkt. Der Detektor 7 mißt demgegenüber in waagerechter Richtung 6b) direkt auf den Radkranz.To the side of the rail 2 is a device for detecting inadmissible heating of the bearing 4 and the wheel rim of the wheel 1. This device consists of infrared-sensitive detectors 6 and 7; namely, the detector 6 is provided for the detection of the bearing 4 and the detector 7 for the detection of the wheel rim 1. Both detectors are, however, accommodated in a common housing 8. The bearing 4 is detected vertically from below. For this purpose, in addition to the usual optical components, a deflection mirror 10 is arranged in the measuring axis 6a, which deflects the measuring axis or the incident IR rays by approximately 90 o redirects. In contrast, the detector 7 measures in a horizontal direction 6b) directly on the wheel rim.

Den beiden Detektoren 6 und 7 sind elektronische Bauelemente nachgeordnet, die für beide Schaltkreise gemeinsam benutzt werden. Sie sind in dem schematisch dargestellten Gehäuse 11 untergebracht. In ihnen sind jedoch die Schwellwertschalter für die Lagertemperatur SSL und für die Radtemperatur SSR getrennt vorhanden. Die übrigen elektronischen Bauelemente bestehen in bekannter Weise z.B. aus Verstärkern, Mitteln zur Analogsignalverarbeitung, Achszähler usw., die nicht gesondert dargestellt sind. Es sind allerdings auch getrennte Meldungsspeicher mit Anzeigemitteln 12, 13 vorhanden.The two detectors 6 and 7 are followed by electronic components that are used for both circuits. They are housed in the housing 11 shown schematically. However, the threshold switches for the storage temperature SSL and for the wheel temperature SSR are available separately in them. The other electronic components consist in a known manner e.g. from amplifiers, means for analog signal processing, axle counters, etc., which are not shown separately. However, there are also separate message stores with display means 12, 13.

Die Messung der Lagertemperatur und der Radtemperatur erfolgt zeitlich im gleichen Moment, und zwar in dem Augenblick, in dem die Achse senkrecht über der Vorrichtung steht, wobei dann am Rad diejenige Zone gemessen wird, die sich gerade in Auflage auf der Schiene befindet. Zur Aktivierung der beiden Detektoren-Schaltkreise ist daher nur ein Gleisschalter 14 erforderlich, der beide Schaltkreise einschaltet, wenn sich das Rad in der beschriebenen Position befindet. Allerdings kann der Schalter auch an anderer als der gezeigten Stelle angeordnet sein, z.B. auf derselben Seite wie die Meßvorrichtung. Außerdem kann er am gegenüberliegenden Gleis sitzen und von dem gegenüberliegenden Rad geschaltet werden, oder auch um einen Achsabstand versetzt.The measurement of the bearing temperature and the wheel temperature takes place at the same moment, namely at the moment when the axis is perpendicular to the device, the zone being measured on the wheel that is currently resting on the rail. To activate the two detector circuits, therefore, only one track switch 14 is required, which switches on both circuits when the wheel is in the position described. However, the switch can also be arranged at a location other than that shown, e.g. on the same side as the measuring device. In addition, it can sit on the opposite track and be switched by the opposite wheel, or offset by one center distance.

Die Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen eine Vorrichtung mit schräger Abtastung. Die Meßachse 15 ist hierbei zur Radebene geneigt. Es ist leicht verständlich, daß bei einer solchen Anordnung der Meßachse bei einem Raddurchlauf zunächst der Radkranz durch die Meßachse läuft, dann das Lager und danach wiederum der Radkranz. Die Messung der Temperaturen von Lager und Rad erfolgt daher nicht im gleichen Augenblick, wie im Beispiel der Fig.1, sondern zeitlich nacheinander. Für diese zeitlich nacheinander liegenden Messungen ist lediglich ein Detektor 16 erforderlich, dem über eine entsprechende Optik 17 die IR-Strahlen zugeleitet werden. Allerdings muß dieser Detektor mit seinen nachgeschalteten elektronischen Schaltkreisen zweimal aktiviert werden, und zwar im Abstand des halben Raddurchmessers. Im Gegensatz zum Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig.1 sind zwei getrennte Gleisschalter 18 und 19 erforderlich. In Fig.3 sind dieselben aus zeichnerischen Gründen als am gegenüberliegenden Gleis liegend dargestellt. Sie werden von dem mit dem Rad 1 auf einer gemeinsamen Achse sitzenden Rad la geschaltet, und schalten ihrerseits die elektronischen Bauelemente in dem Schrank 20.Figures 2 and 3 show a device with oblique scanning. The measuring axis 15 is inclined to the wheel plane. It is easy to understand that with such an arrangement of the measuring axis when a wheel passes through, the wheel rim first runs through the measuring axis, then the bearing and then again the wheel rim. The temperatures of the bearing and wheel are therefore not measured at the same instant as in the example in FIG. 1, but in succession. Only one detector 16 is required for these measurements one after the other, to which the IR rays are fed via corresponding optics 17. However, this detector with its downstream electronic circuits must be activated twice, namely at a distance of half the wheel diameter. In contrast to the embodiment of Figure 1, two separate track switches 18 and 19 are required. In Figure 3 they are shown for the sake of drawing as lying on the opposite track. They are switched by the wheel 1 a sitting on a common axis with the wheel 1, and in turn switch the electronic components in the cabinet 20.

Da die Raddurchmesser der Eisenbahnwagen unterschiedlich sind, müssen die Gleisschalter 18 und 19 entsprechend breit sein, um zu gewährleisten, daß bei allen praktisch vorkommenden Raddurchmessern der Schaltkreis jeweils im richtigen Moment aktiv ist.Since the wheel diameters of the railroad cars are different, the track switches 18 and 19 have to be wide enough to ensure that the circuit is active at the right moment for all practically occurring wheel diameters.

Claims (3)

1.) Vorrichtung zum Erkennen unzulässig erwärmter Bauteile am Fahrgestell eines fahrenden Eisenbahnwagens, die einen am Eisenbahngleis stationär eingebauten Detektor für Infrarotstrahlung mit nachgeschalteter Auswerteelektronik sowie am Gleis angeordnete Gleisschaltmittel zur Aktivierung des Detektors und seiner Schaltung im Moment des Vorbeilaufens eines Rades umfaßt, wobei die Schaltung Schwellwertschalter enthält, die das vom Detektor kommende Signal nur dann an einen Meldespeicher weiterleiten, wenn das Signal einer unzulässig erhöhten Temperatur analog ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auswerteelektronik sowohl Schwellwertschalter zur Erkennung einer erhöhten Lagertemperatur (SSL) als auch zur Erkennung einer erhöhten Radkranz- bzw. Bremsklotztemperatur (SSR) enthält, und daß der Detektor für die Lagertemperatur (6) und der Detektor für die Radkranztemperatur (7) in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse baulich vereinigt sind.1.) Device for detecting inadmissibly heated components on the chassis of a moving railroad car, which comprises a detector for infrared radiation which is installed in a stationary manner on the railroad track with downstream evaluation electronics, and track switching means arranged on the track for activating the detector and its switching at the moment a wheel passes by, the switching Contains threshold switches that only forward the signal coming from the detector to a message memory if the signal is analog to an impermissibly elevated temperature, characterized in that the evaluation electronics both have threshold switches for detecting an increased bearing temperature (SSL) and for detecting an increased wheel rim or brake pad temperature (SSR), and that the detector for the bearing temperature (6) and the detector for the wheel rim temperature (7) are structurally combined in a common housing. 2.) Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Meßachse des Detektors schräg zur Ebene des vorbeilaufenden Rades verläuft, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung zur Detektierung der Lagertemperatur und der Radkranz- bzw. Bremsklotztemperatur nur einen Detektor (16) aber mehrere Gleisschaltmittel (18;19) besitzt.2.) Device according to claim 1, wherein the measuring axis of the detector extends obliquely to the plane of the passing wheel, characterized in that the device for detecting the bearing temperature and the wheel rim or brake pad temperature only one detector (16) but several track switching means ( 1 8; 19). 3.) Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei welcher der Detektor für die Lagertemperatur unterhalb des Lagers des vorbeilaufenden Rades angeordnet ist und die Meßachse dieses Detektors etwa senkrecht nach oben, parallel zur Ebene des vorbeilaufenden Rades verläuft, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung zur Detektierung der Lagertemperatur und der Radkranztemperatur zwei getrennte Detektoren (6;7) mit zugehöriger Optik besitzt, die baulich in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse (8) vereinigt sind, und daß für die getrennten Detektoren (6;7) nur pin Gleisschaltmittel (14) vorgesehen ist.3.) Device according to claim 1, in which the detector for the bearing temperature is arranged below the bearing of the passing wheel and the measuring axis of this detector extends approximately perpendicularly upwards, parallel to the plane of the passing wheel, characterized in that the device for detecting the Storage temperature and the wheel rim temperature has two separate detectors (6; 7) with associated optics, which are structurally combined in a common housing (8), and that only pin track switching means (14) is provided for the separate detectors (6; 7).
EP19810103824 1980-05-29 1981-05-19 Device for the detection of unduly heated parts of a running railroad car Expired EP0041178B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3020331 1980-05-29
DE19803020331 DE3020331A1 (en) 1980-05-29 1980-05-29 DEVICE FOR DETECTING INVALIDLY WARMED COMPONENTS ON DRIVING RAILWAYS

Publications (2)

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EP0041178A1 true EP0041178A1 (en) 1981-12-09
EP0041178B1 EP0041178B1 (en) 1984-08-01

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EP (1) EP0041178B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5722960A (en)
AU (1) AU7092781A (en)
BR (1) BR8103337A (en)
CA (1) CA1197300A (en)
DE (1) DE3020331A1 (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0263217A1 (en) * 1986-09-09 1988-04-13 CSEE-Transport System for identifying overheated components of moving railway vehicles
EP0265538A1 (en) * 1986-10-28 1988-05-04 SIGNALTECHNIK GmbH Device for the contactless measurement of the temperatures of the brakes of passing railway coaches
WO1993000578A1 (en) * 1991-06-28 1993-01-07 Ferodo Limited Apparatus for temperature detection
EP0604389A1 (en) * 1992-12-21 1994-06-29 VAE Aktiengesellschaft Device for the detection of unacceptably heated components or spots on moving objects
US5448072A (en) * 1993-08-24 1995-09-05 Servo Corporation Of America Infrared hot bearing and hot wheel detector
DE4217681C3 (en) * 1992-05-29 1999-02-25 Rabotek Ind Computer Gmbh Wheelset diagnostic device for monitoring passing railway vehicles
EP0949134A1 (en) * 1998-04-09 1999-10-13 Österreichische Bundesbahnen Device for contactlessly measuring the temperature of bearings of running trackbound vehicles
EP2459430A1 (en) * 2009-07-29 2012-06-06 Lynxrail Corporation System and method for monitoring condition of rail car wheels, brakes and bearings

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6436564A (en) * 1987-08-01 1989-02-07 Keio Teito Electric Railway Wheel temperature detector
DE4207493A1 (en) * 1992-03-10 1993-11-18 Telefunken Microelectron Contactless temp. monitoring system for ferromagnetic vehicle brake disc - measures temp. dependent permeability in air gap of transformer, with min. permeability larger than one below Curie temp. and threshold permeability between min. and one, and compares actual and threshold values.
IT1312442B1 (en) † 1999-05-14 2002-04-17 Sai Servizi Aerei Ind S R L THERMOGRAPHIC SYSTEM TO CONTROL FIRE ON A VEHICLE
AT502033B1 (en) * 2005-10-04 2007-01-15 Tober Hubert Wheel heat distribution monitor, for a rail vehicle, has a thermal image camera with its optical axis aligned at a wheel surface measurement zone and a rail surface zone
JP4795376B2 (en) * 2008-03-26 2011-10-19 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 Method and apparatus for detecting incompatibility of tread brake of railway vehicle
CN105172837B (en) * 2015-09-02 2017-07-14 北京华铁能信科技有限公司 Railway infrared shaft temperature remotely monitors elastic deformation energy storage electromagnetic conversion mass-energy conversion equipment

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US3294969A (en) * 1964-08-14 1966-12-27 Gen Signal Corp Hot wheel detector apparatus for railway vehicles

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US3119017A (en) * 1960-03-22 1964-01-21 Charles G Kaehms Infrared hotbox detection by measuring the difference in radiated energy from two areas of the journal
US3201584A (en) * 1961-11-21 1965-08-17 Servo Corp Of America Hot box detector
US3253140A (en) * 1962-04-04 1966-05-24 Gen Signal Corp System for detecting hot elements on railway vehicles
US3294969A (en) * 1964-08-14 1966-12-27 Gen Signal Corp Hot wheel detector apparatus for railway vehicles

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0263217A1 (en) * 1986-09-09 1988-04-13 CSEE-Transport System for identifying overheated components of moving railway vehicles
EP0265538A1 (en) * 1986-10-28 1988-05-04 SIGNALTECHNIK GmbH Device for the contactless measurement of the temperatures of the brakes of passing railway coaches
WO1993000578A1 (en) * 1991-06-28 1993-01-07 Ferodo Limited Apparatus for temperature detection
DE4217681C3 (en) * 1992-05-29 1999-02-25 Rabotek Ind Computer Gmbh Wheelset diagnostic device for monitoring passing railway vehicles
EP0604389A1 (en) * 1992-12-21 1994-06-29 VAE Aktiengesellschaft Device for the detection of unacceptably heated components or spots on moving objects
US5448072A (en) * 1993-08-24 1995-09-05 Servo Corporation Of America Infrared hot bearing and hot wheel detector
EP0949134A1 (en) * 1998-04-09 1999-10-13 Österreichische Bundesbahnen Device for contactlessly measuring the temperature of bearings of running trackbound vehicles
EP2459430A1 (en) * 2009-07-29 2012-06-06 Lynxrail Corporation System and method for monitoring condition of rail car wheels, brakes and bearings
EP2459430A4 (en) * 2009-07-29 2013-07-17 Lynxrail Corp System and method for monitoring condition of rail car wheels, brakes and bearings
US9073559B2 (en) 2009-07-29 2015-07-07 Lynxrail Corporation System and method for monitoring condition of rail car wheels, brakes and bearings

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3020331A1 (en) 1981-12-17
AU7092781A (en) 1981-12-03
CA1197300A (en) 1985-11-26
JPS5722960A (en) 1982-02-06
EP0041178B1 (en) 1984-08-01
BR8103337A (en) 1982-02-16

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