EP0943043A1 - Element de paroi a courbure variable pour piscine - Google Patents
Element de paroi a courbure variable pour piscineInfo
- Publication number
- EP0943043A1 EP0943043A1 EP97945907A EP97945907A EP0943043A1 EP 0943043 A1 EP0943043 A1 EP 0943043A1 EP 97945907 A EP97945907 A EP 97945907A EP 97945907 A EP97945907 A EP 97945907A EP 0943043 A1 EP0943043 A1 EP 0943043A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- element according
- wall
- vertical
- recesses
- bars
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2/8623—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers and at least one form leaf being monolithic
- E04B2/8629—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers and at least one form leaf being monolithic with both form leaves and spacers being monolithic
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/40—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of a number of smaller components rigidly or movably connected together, e.g. interlocking, hingedly connected of particular shape, e.g. not rectangular of variable shape or size, e.g. flexible or telescopic panels
- E04C2/405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of a number of smaller components rigidly or movably connected together, e.g. interlocking, hingedly connected of particular shape, e.g. not rectangular of variable shape or size, e.g. flexible or telescopic panels composed of two or more hingedly connected parts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
- E04H4/0075—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete
- E04H4/0081—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete with walls and floor cast in situ
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wall element for the construction of a swimming pool, this element acting as formwork, intended to receive poured concrete.
- the objective of the invention is to propose a wall element for swimming pools, the curvature of which can be modified at will, both to make it convex and concave, this in a relatively large range of radii of curvature, sufficient in any case in common applications.
- Another object of the invention is to propose an element of the type mentioned, which is of a relatively low cost price, while being of a simple and easy-to-use design by the persons responsible for the construction of the swimming pool. .
- the element proposed is initially planar, and therefore makes it possible to build conventional swimming pools, of polygonal outline, in particular rectangular.
- swimming pools of various shapes in particular swimming pools having an end portion of semicircular outline.
- Document FR-A-2 637 933 discloses a stackable formwork block made of light material (expanded polystyrene for example), suitable for the manufacture of a swimming pool, the curvature of which is variable. It is a hollow block, which is indented on its external face. The opening thus formed is intended to receive a spacer. By playing on its width, you can bend the block, in one direction or the other, according to a variable radius of curvature. The spacer also prevents the escape of concrete when it is poured into the block. Such a solution is satisfactory for individual blocks, intended to be stacked one on top of the other in the manner of concrete blocks, in staggered staggered fashion.
- the wall element consists of a box in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, intended to be erected vertically and adjoined to adjacent elements by its lateral vertical edges, characterized by the fact that its initially planar outer wall has vertical recesses formed by a folding of this wall, and the natural width of which can be increased or, on the contrary, reduced, so that it is possible to give the element a concave or convex curvature.
- the external wall of the element is therefore not open.
- the wall fold delimiting the recess constitutes a reinforcing rib, so that the wall resists the weight of the poured concrete satisfactorily.
- the element is compartmentalized by vertical transverse partitions, and includes a recess to the right of each compartment; - its internal wall is a double wall allowing good thermal insulation;
- the element is made of extruded plastic
- - Said recesses have a semi-cylindrical bottom, or approximately semi-cylindrical.
- the modification of the width of said vertical recesses is carried out by means of spacer members, adapted to increase this width, or by means of pliers, adapted, on the contrary, to reduce it.
- the semi-cylindrical, or approximately semi-cylindrical, bottom of said recesses is bordered by a pair of grooves capable of receiving the spacer members.
- Said spacer members are for example plates of generally rectangular shape, which ensure the spacing of the grooves by quarter-turn rotation, while said clamps have the approximate shape of a "C" and are put in place by translation, in vertical direction, inside the element, around the recesses.
- the element According to a possible characteristic of the element, its lateral vertical edges and - if necessary - its transverse vertical partitions have openings allowing the passage of poured concrete.
- the shaping of the element is ensured by means of a pair of horizontal bars capable of being fitted into its thickness, on the one hand at its base, on the other hand at its top.
- the aforementioned openings which are at the base and at the top of the element are open, respectively downwards and upwards, constituting notches serving for the interlocking of said bars.
- the subject of the invention is also:
- This element shaping bar advantageously has the following characteristics:
- the invention also relates to a set of spacer members and clamps, of different dimensions, associated with such an element.
- - Figure 1 is a schematic top view of an element according to the invention
- - Figure 2 is a schematic top view of a corner element capable of adapting to the element of Figure 1
- - Figure 3 shows an element whose width is half that of Figure 1, this "half-element" being obtained by cutting the element of Figure 1;
- FIG. 4 shows, on a larger scale, and in more detail, the lateral end portion of the element of Figure 1;
- - Figure 5 is also an enlarged view of the corner element of Figure 2;
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view, with parts cut away from an end portion of an element
- Figure 7 is a front view, external side, of the element of Figure 1 (on a smaller scale);
- FIGS. 8 and 9 are schematic views similar to those of Figure 1, which illustrate the method of bending the element, respectively using spacer elements (to make it concave), and using clamps (to make it convex), in a first embodiment of the invention.
- FIGS 10 and 11 are respectively front and top views of a spacer element;
- FIG. 12 and 13 are respectively top and left views of a clamp
- Figure 14 is a partial view, partly cut, similar to that of Figure 7, which shows a recess in the open state;
- FIG. 15 shows, in cross section, a variant of the rear wall of the element, at a recess
- FIG. 16 is a schematic top view showing a part of the periphery of a swimming pool constructed using a number of elements according to the invention.
- Figures 17 to 21 illustrate a second embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 17 is a perspective view of a shaping bar, intended to be associated with an element according to the invention during the construction of the pool;
- FIG. 18 is a top view of the bar of Figure 17;
- Figure 19 is a partial view, similar to Figure 18, illustrating the method of end-to-end assembly of two bars;
- Figure 20 is a top view similar to Figure 18, which shows a variant of the bar;
- FIGS. 18 and 20B are views similar to Figure 20, showing deformations by bending the bar, in different directions;
- FIG. 21 is an exploded view, diagrammatic and in perspective, illustrating the erection of a swimming pool wall using bars similar to those of FIGS. 18 or 20.
- the element 1 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 7 is a one-piece element, made of relatively rigid, but slightly flexible plastic material, for example PVC, obtained by extrusion.
- the wall has a thickness of the order of 1.2 mm.
- It is a hollow panel, in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped box, of constant cross section, open at both ends.
- the open ends are the upper and lower ends when the panel is erected in a vertical position, in its normal position for the construction of a swimming pool.
- This type of element is intended in particular for the construction of a buried, or semi-buried swimming pool, and the element serves as formwork receiving a concrete pour. It is a lost formwork, the formwork itself serving as a wall element once the concrete has set.
- the element has for example a length L of 500mm, a width 1 of 125mm.
- height H corresponds to the height of the wall of the pool. This height is for example between 0.90 and 2.10 m.
- the height dimension is not critical for the manufacture of the element, since it is produced by extrusion, so that it is easy to cut it into sections of desired length, which will correspond to the height of the swimming pool.
- This element has been designated by the reference 1, its internal wall, that is to say facing the interior of the future swimming pool, is referenced 10.
- its internal wall that is to say facing the interior of the future swimming pool
- it is preferably a double partitioned wall, the internal side
- transverse end walls, or edges, of the element have been designated by the references 11 and 12. These are also double-walled (honeycomb structure), so that the element has good mechanical strength.
- the interior space of the box is compartmentalized by vertical transverse partitions, three in number, namely a central double-walled partition 13 and two simple intermediate partitions 15. These partitions very significantly improve the mechanical strength of the element, and prevent the deformation of the internal and external walls under the pressure of the mass of poured concrete.
- the outer wall 14 (single wall) has four folds which define as many vertical recesses 4, located to the right of the central part of each of the compartments, the interior space of which is referenced E.
- the shape of these recesses which are open towards the outside, allows a deformation of the wall, either in the direction of the reduction in width of the recess, or at otherwise in the direction of increasing its width.
- the side walls 11, 12 of the element are provided with a set of elastic male / female latching members 2, 3.
- the male member 2 consists of a pair of tongues with non-return spouts, which extend vertically, parallel to the large direction of the element, while the female member is a vertical groove intended to receive said tongues 2.
- the central partition 13 also has male 2 ′ and female 3 ′ elements similar to those of the end wall 11.
- Figure 2 shows a corner element 5.
- This box has a double wall 50 on each of its faces, and has, on two adjacent faces, male / female clipping elements 2a, 3a on the one hand and 2b, 3b on the other hand.
- This element 5 therefore allows the connection of two elements 1 perpendicular to each other, in a corner part of the pool.
- Figure 4 shows in detail the configuration of a recess 4. It has a symmetrical shape, relative to a transverse plane. It comprises an entry bordered by two transverse faces 40, extending by transverse grooves 41, and an approximately semi-cylindrical bottom 42.
- the bottom 42 is elastically deformable due to the flexibility of the wall 14. It should be noted that the recess 4 forms an integral part of the external wall 14, and each of the compartments E is therefore completely closed on all sides. It is open only at its upper and lower ends, to allow the passage of reinforcements and the pouring of concrete.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 also show the configuration of the male and female members 2, 3. It will be noted that the male part is carried by a projecting part 20 of the wall, which is centered in a complementary counterbore 30 bordering the opening at the time of clipping.
- These openings 16 are arranged in a vertical line, at regular spacing.
- the element is bent by means of spacer elements or clamps.
- Figures 10 and 11 show a spacer element.
- the base 60 has an approximately rectangular general shape, its short sides 61 having a dimension B and its long sides 62 a dimension A greater than B. Two of its opposite angles are rounded to form cam surfaces 63.
- the tenon 600 of square section, is perpendicular to the base 60, and is arranged in the center of the latter. A set of elements 6 of different dimensions is provided.
- the value A will be greater than the value of the mutual spacing of the bottoms of grooves 41. Thus, if this value is 50mm, one can provide a set of four spacer elements having dimensions A of 56, 58, 60 and 62mm .
- the clamp 7 - also made of injected plastic - illustrated in Figures 12 and 13 has the general shape of a "C" composed of a plate 70 and a pair of jaws 71.
- the clamp 7 is intended to come to the interior of space E; it is adapted to be put in place by translation from top to bottom around the recess 4, so that the jaws 71 are placed against the back of the entry edges 40 of the recess 4.
- As for the spacer members it is provided a set of clamps 7, which have different dimensions C.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 make it possible to understand how the positioning of the spacer elements 6 or of the clamps 7 makes it possible to carry out the bending of the element, so that its internal face 100 has a concave or, respectively convex, bending.
- the action of the spacer element 6 has the effect of opening the semi-cylindrical part 42.
- the length of the external wall 14 is increased, which forces the element to bend as illustrated in the figure. 8.
- the clamp 7 has the effect of closing the part 42.
- the length of the wall 14 decreases, and the element bends in the opposite direction (FIG. 9).
- Each of the recesses 4 plays the role of a bellows which authorizes the deformation of the element.
- the amplitude of this deformation is a function of the dimensions of the element 6 or 7 used.
- the element retains its initial configuration, in the form of a flat panel.
- three elements will be used, for example, one in the upper part, the other in the central part and the third in the lower part.
- the member 6 is lowered by translation T into the recess.
- This operation is easy because the dimension B mentioned above is smaller than the entry width of the recess. This is especially interesting for the establishment of the first member 6, which will "open" the recess. When it has reached the desired level, it is rotated a quarter of a turn, as symbolized by the arrow R. This operation can be done using a wrench that fits onto the square tenon 600. The zones curves 63 push the edges of the opening in the manner of cams, after which the member 6 is automatically retained by friction against the grooves 41.
- the clamps 7 are put in place by simple axial translation inside the compartments.
- jaws 71 have beveled edges which facilitate the adaptation of the clamps on the areas 40 of the recess at the time of this establishment.
- edges of the recesses and the clips are shaped in such a way that said clips can be placed not inside, but outside of the compartments (like the spacer members).
- elements 1 are fixed next to each other, possibly bending them in one direction or the other, and according to the desired amplitude, as the contour is formed. of the swimming pool. It should be noted that, despite the bending, the lateral edges 11, 12 remain perpendicular to the internal walls 10 and external 14, so that the edges in contact with two neighboring blocks are applied perfectly against each other. This construction is done in a pit previously dug and provided with a concrete base provided with fittings or other protruding reinforcing elements, on which the elements are inserted during the operation.
- elements 5 are used. Where appropriate, half-elements 1 ′, curved or not, are also used.
- organs 6 are located outside the spaces E.
- the wall recess 4 which forms an integral part of the external wall 14 of the element, constitutes not only a deformable part, allowing bending, but also a rib which considerably reinforces the external wall during casting. concrete.
- the exterior space of the pool is filled with backfill. It then remains to carry out the finishing (installation of the "liner”, the coping, etc.).
- the external wall 14 is also (like the internal wall 10) a honeycomb wall - or double wall - formed of two "skins" 140-141 connected by a partition 142.
- the interior space E of the element is located on the left.
- This double wall is nevertheless interrupted at the level of the recess 4, only the internal skin 141 extending at this level to form the fold constituting the recess.
- the rigidity of the rear wall 14 is significantly increased.
- the fact that the recess is single wall is not a problem since - as already explained - this recess plays the role of a reinforcing rib.
- FIG. 16 which shows a portion of the wall of a swimming pool thus constructed, there has been shown a corner element 5 which is connected on one side to an element 1A, and on the other side ( in a 90 ° direction) to a half-element 1 '.
- the interior space of the swimming pool is designated El in the figure.
- the half-element 1 ' is connected to two concave curved elements 1B, 1C.
- This same figure shows the concrete 101 poured inside the various elements, as well as the sealing film, which is applied against the internal face of the wall. This film, shown in broken lines, is referenced 102.
- the bar 8 shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 is a single piece of plastic material injection molded. It is a part in the general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, the longitudinal dimension of which is relatively large compared to the transverse dimension and to the height, which gives it the form of a "bar". This part is largely hollowed out, open upwards and downwards, its two parallel lateral partitions 80 being connected by ribs with vertical faces 82 arranged obliquely to form a zigzag partition. Certain ribs 82 carry vertical cylindrical sleeves 83 which constitute openings allowing the passage of reinforcing bars for the poured concrete.
- the ends 84 of the bar each have a set of male / female interlocking members, of the tenon 85 and mortise 86 type in dovetail, which allow several elements to be simply fixed end to end by interlocking from top to low.
- Such an assembly is illustrated in Figure 19, where two adjacent elements 8a, 8b are shown partially, after joining.
- attachment tabs 81 having an opening 810 for the passage of a fixing member such as a screw.
- These legs are for example three in number, one placed in the central region of a side face 80, and the other two in the end regions of the opposite side face.
- a bar is intended to be associated with a wall element 1 such as that illustrated in FIG. 21 which, relative to the element previously described, has a particularity with regard to its openings 16 provided in its transverse partitions 15 and in its end edges 11, 12.
- the bottom openings 16 'and high 16 "affect the form of notches - or notches -, that is to say open downwards and towards the
- the openings 16 are in the form of elongated openings, of vertical longitudinal direction, with semi-cylindrical ends, and the upper and lower notches correspond to half-openings. has a length equal to that of element 1, for example 500 mm.
- the bar 8 has, for example, a height of 60 mm and a width of 40 mm.
- the bars 8 ensure the mounting and chaining of the elements 1 during the erection of the wall of the swimming pool as well as, if necessary, the shaping and the keeping in shape of said elements when 'they must be bent.
- the deformable recesses 4 can therefore be devoid of the ribs 41 which served to receive these members; they can have a simply semi-cylindrical wall 42.
- the bar of Figure 20, referenced 8 ' has the distinction of being able to be easily bent. For this, one 80 ′ of its side walls is not continuous. It is interrupted by vertical gaps 800 'of width i 0 .
- FIGS. 20A and 20B represent deformations corresponding to a face 80 'made concave, with reduction of the gap width 800' (ii ⁇ i 0 ), and, respectively to a face 80 'made convex, with increase in width gap (i 2 > i 0 ) -
- Figure 21 illustrates the erection of a planar element during the construction of a swimming pool wall. We start by tracing on the ground, and more precisely on a concrete slab
- a closed contour profile is thus produced on the ground on which all of the wall elements can be fitted.
- holes are drilled in the slab D, using the sleeves 83 as a drilling template, for receiving the ends of reinforcing bars 9.
- each element 1 is advantageously offset, by half a length, relative to a bar. It is therefore placed "on horseback" on two adjacent bars.
- the elements 1 fit from top to bottom on the bars 8 by their low notch 16 'which is fitted on the bar, while the peripheral edge of the element comes to rest on the slab D.
- bars 8 are hidden and hidden in the thickness of the wall.
- each opening 83 is positioned in such a way that after fitting of the elements 1, it is located opposite a space E situated between two transverse partitions 11, 12, 15 (and not in look of such a partition).
- Concrete can then be poured into all of the elements.
- the presence of the bars does not interfere with this pouring since the bars are open upwards and downwards.
- the fluid concrete can flow between the spaces E, and from one element to the neighboring element, via the openings 16. It binds intimately to the ground thanks to the embedding of the wall on the low bars 8 which, remember the, are integral with the slab D, and also thanks to the presence of reinforcing bars which are driven into said slab.
- the presence of the high and low belts prevents any relative displacement of the elements 1 during filling.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
- Special Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
- Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
- Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9615303A FR2756856B1 (fr) | 1996-12-09 | 1996-12-09 | Element de paroi a courbure variable pour piscine |
FR9615303 | 1996-12-09 | ||
PCT/FR1997/002028 WO1998026138A1 (fr) | 1996-12-09 | 1997-11-12 | Element de paroi a courbure variable pour piscine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0943043A1 true EP0943043A1 (fr) | 1999-09-22 |
EP0943043B1 EP0943043B1 (fr) | 2003-06-11 |
Family
ID=9498617
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97945907A Expired - Lifetime EP0943043B1 (fr) | 1996-12-09 | 1997-11-12 | Element de paroi a courbure variable pour piscine |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0943043B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE242829T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU5124498A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69722811D1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2756856B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1998026138A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1307442B1 (it) * | 1999-05-24 | 2001-11-06 | Angelo Velo | Componente modulare per la realizzazione di strutture edilizie conisolamento uniforme. |
SK285957B6 (sk) * | 2002-10-29 | 2007-12-06 | Pavel Vido | Stavebný prvok s otvoreným profilom s väzbou pomocou krátkeho zámku a autoniveláciou |
US7146773B2 (en) | 2002-11-12 | 2006-12-12 | Kafko Canada Inc. | Concrete accepting wall structure with adjustable curvature |
FR3130305A1 (fr) * | 2021-12-13 | 2023-06-16 | Dugain Piscines | Eléments modulaires de construction d’un bassin de piscine, et procédé de mise en œuvre. |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1206485B (it) * | 1983-04-06 | 1989-04-27 | Mario Scheichenbauer | Metodo per la costruzione di piscine realizzate con casseri aperdere. |
FR2637933B3 (fr) * | 1988-10-19 | 1991-02-01 | Depannage Entretien Piscines | Bloc de coffrage empilable en materiau leger et procede de moulage de ce bloc |
FR2694957B1 (fr) * | 1992-05-13 | 1995-07-28 | George Francois | Dispositif de coffrage pour la constitution d'un mur en beton banche. |
FR2710676B1 (fr) * | 1993-09-27 | 1995-11-24 | Louis Lapalud | Elément de coffrage perdu pour mur en béton armé ou non. |
FR2717848B1 (fr) * | 1994-03-23 | 1996-05-31 | Desjoyaux Piscines | Panneau pour la réalisation de bassins de rétention. |
-
1996
- 1996-12-09 FR FR9615303A patent/FR2756856B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-11-12 WO PCT/FR1997/002028 patent/WO1998026138A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1997-11-12 EP EP97945907A patent/EP0943043B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-12 AT AT97945907T patent/ATE242829T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-12 DE DE69722811T patent/DE69722811D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-12 AU AU51244/98A patent/AU5124498A/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9826138A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0943043B1 (fr) | 2003-06-11 |
WO1998026138A1 (fr) | 1998-06-18 |
AU5124498A (en) | 1998-07-03 |
DE69722811D1 (de) | 2003-07-17 |
ATE242829T1 (de) | 2003-06-15 |
FR2756856B1 (fr) | 1999-02-26 |
FR2756856A1 (fr) | 1998-06-12 |
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