EP0939233A2 - Force multiplier - Google Patents

Force multiplier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0939233A2
EP0939233A2 EP99103719A EP99103719A EP0939233A2 EP 0939233 A2 EP0939233 A2 EP 0939233A2 EP 99103719 A EP99103719 A EP 99103719A EP 99103719 A EP99103719 A EP 99103719A EP 0939233 A2 EP0939233 A2 EP 0939233A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wedge
power amplifier
piston
amplifier according
power
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99103719A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0939233A3 (en
Inventor
H. Ulrich Stahl
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0939233A2 publication Critical patent/EP0939233A2/en
Publication of EP0939233A3 publication Critical patent/EP0939233A3/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/204—Control means for piston speed or actuating force without external control, e.g. control valve inside the piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B3/00—Intensifiers or fluid-pressure converters, e.g. pressure exchangers; Conveying pressure from one fluid system to another, without contact between the fluids

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is to provide a kaft amplifier which is high Switching accuracy, large power amplification and long power stroke save space for manual and pneumatic primary force can be used.
  • the invention saves cylinders space.
  • she uses a clamping device, which is activated and determined by the increase in counterforce.
  • This activation takes place particularly advantageously via a pressure switch, in which the initial force is not caused by one that continues to operate after activation Spring preload is reduced.
  • the low-friction design of the pressure switch leads to high switching accuracy due to the elimination of scattering frictional forces. Pure rolling in the flow of increased power and thus low friction losses achieved the invention in mechanical power amplifiers with roles in a wedge gap by arranging the center line of the wedge gap perpendicular to Movement of the drive wedge.
  • the design of the drive wedge acts as a pressure switch as a double cone.
  • the double cone and the curved transition piece lead to a gradual (soft) increase in output power.
  • the invention provides a form-fitting support of the power amplifier.
  • the differential piston consists of the pneumatic piston 2 and at the same time acting as a hydraulic piston piston rod 3. At its tip pushes it over the pressure switch, consisting of the switch cam 3b Balls 4 and an annular spring element 5, the second piston rod 5 with yourself. If the counterforce on the piston rod 5 is a preset amount exceeds, the balls 4 push the spring (s) 5 outwards and roll on the horizontal Part of the cam 3b to the rear almost without force. By moving forward the rod 3, the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 7 increases, which previously through the Bias of the soft spring 10 was only slight.
  • Fig. 2 shows an example of a mechanical power amplifier in a pneumatic cylinder 1.
  • a wedge 3b with different slopes acts as a pressure switch.
  • the front roller 14a rests on the blunt wedge 3a, there is none Power boost. Consequently, the preload of the spring 10 and the force can be over the clamping part 8 on the collet 11 remain small.
  • the roller 14a comes to rest on the acute-angled cone part, and the forces in the wedge gap 25 increase gradually or rapidly depending on the course of transition 3c.
  • the Collet jams in cylinder 1 and rod 5 is under great force pushed out according to the angles of wedge 3b and wedge gap 25.
  • the solution the collet 11 on the return stroke is here via an armature 23.
  • Fig. 3 shows an example of a mechanical power amplifier with positive Support.
  • the tension spring 10 is at the end of the Pneumatic cylinder 1.
  • the locking balls 24 Simultaneously with the lifting of the roller 14a over the blunt wedge 3a of the pressure switch, the locking balls 24 by one Switch sleeve 2a pressed into recesses 1a of the inner wall of the cylinder 1.
  • the abutment 9 of the power amplifier can over the further power stroke Support the support surfaces 9a on these balls 24.
  • the continued to vome Switching sleeve 2a prevents unlocking.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)

Abstract

The increaser is located in front of the pressure medium piston (2), within the same cylinder, moving with the piston (2). The counter bearing (11) is in a force fit at the wall of the cylinder (1), as a collet.

Description

Es gibt viele Fälle, wo nach einer längeren Zustellbewegung mit relativ kleinen Kräften eine große Kraft über kleinen Weg benötigt wird. Dies ist der Anwendungsbereich für Kraftverstärker einer pneumatischen oder manuellen Primärkraft.There are many cases where after a longer delivery movement with relatively small ones Forces a large force over a small path is needed. This is the scope for power amplifiers of a pneumatic or manual primary force.

Es sind hydraulische Kraftverstärker für Pneumatikzylinder am Markt, die einen Differentialkolben einsetzen, der an der Rückseite des Zustellkolbens liegt und erst bei Erhöhung der Gegenkraft aktiviert wird. Dadurch benötigen sie erheblichen Bauraum axial oder parallel dazu. Es sind auch mechanische Kraftverstärker bekannt, die als Zusatzaggregat vor dem pneumatischen Zylinder sitzen und entsprechenden Bauraum beanspruchen.There are hydraulic power amplifiers for pneumatic cylinders on the market, some Insert the differential piston that is on the back of the feed piston and is only activated when the counterforce increases. As a result, they require considerable Installation space axially or parallel to it. They are also mechanical power amplifiers known that sit as an additional unit in front of the pneumatic cylinder and take up appropriate space.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Schaffung eines Kaftverstärkers, der bei hoher Schaltgenauigkeit, großer Kraftverstärkung und langem Krafthub platzsparend für manuelle und pneumatische Primärkraft einsetzbar ist.The object of the invention is to provide a kaft amplifier which is high Switching accuracy, large power amplification and long power stroke save space for manual and pneumatic primary force can be used.

Durch Mitbewegung des Kraftverstärkers vor dem Pneumatikkolben im selben Zylinder spart die Erfindung Bauraum. Hierbei verwendet sie eine Klemmeinrichtung, die durch den Anstieg der Gegenkraft aktiviert und festgelegt wird.By moving the power amplifier in front of the pneumatic piston in the same The invention saves cylinders space. Here she uses a clamping device, which is activated and determined by the increase in counterforce.

Besonders vorteilhaft erfolgt diese Aktivierung über einen Druckschalter, bei dem die Ausgangskraft nicht durch eine auch nach der Aktivierung weiterwirkende Federvorspannung verkleinert wird. Die reibungsarme Gestaltung des Druckschalters führt durch Fortfall streuender Reibungskräfte zu hoher Schaltgenauigkeit. Reines Rollen im Fluß der verstärkten Kraft und damit geringe Reibungsverluste erreicht die Erfindung bei mechanischen Kraftverstärken mit Rollen in einem Keilspalt durch Anordnung der Mittellinie des Keilspaltes rechtwinklig zur Bewegung des Antriebskeils. Als Druckschalter wirkt die Gestaltung des Antriebskeils als Doppelkegel. Der Doppelkegel sowie das gekrümmte Übergangsstück führen zu einem allmählichen (weichen) Anstieg der Ausgangskraft. Durch die Neigung der Sekundärdruckplatte und durch den Doppelkegel lassen sich sowohl Krafthub als auch Endkraft maximieren. Bei entsprechender Neigung kann der Ausgang auch verriegelt werden.This activation takes place particularly advantageously via a pressure switch, in which the initial force is not caused by one that continues to operate after activation Spring preload is reduced. The low-friction design of the pressure switch leads to high switching accuracy due to the elimination of scattering frictional forces. Pure rolling in the flow of increased power and thus low friction losses achieved the invention in mechanical power amplifiers with roles in a wedge gap by arranging the center line of the wedge gap perpendicular to Movement of the drive wedge. The design of the drive wedge acts as a pressure switch as a double cone. The double cone and the curved transition piece lead to a gradual (soft) increase in output power. By the inclination of the secondary pressure plate and through the double cone can be Maximize both power stroke and final force. With a corresponding inclination the output can also be locked.

Wenn sehr hohe Kräfte ohne Anpassung des Zustellweges benötigt werden, sieht die Erfindung eine formschlüssige Abstützung des Kraftverstärkers vor. If very high forces are required without adjusting the delivery path, the invention provides a form-fitting support of the power amplifier.

Fig. 1 zeigt beispielhaft einen hydraulischen Kraftverstärker in einem Pneumatikzylinder 1. Der Differentialkolben besteht aus dem Pneumatikkolben 2 und der gleichzeitig als Hydraulikkolben wirkenden Kolbenstange 3. An ihrer Spitze schiebt sie über den Druckschalter, bestehend aus dem Schaltnocken 3b, den Kugeln 4 und einem ringförmigen Federelement 5,die zweite Kolbenstange 5 mit sich. Wenn die Gegenkraft auf die Kolbenstange 5 ein voreingestelltes Maß überschreitet, drücken die Kugeln 4 die Feder(n) 5 nach außen und rollen am horizontalen Teil des Nockens 3b fast kräftefrei nach hinten. Durch die Forwärtsbewegung der Stange 3 steigt der Druck im Hydraulikraum 7, der vorher durch die Vorspannung der weichen Feder 10 nur gering war. Durch den Druckanstieg wird einerseits das Klemmteil 9 (des Widerlagers) geringfügig zurückgeschoben und drückt die Spannzange 11 nach außen an die Zylinderwand 1. Andererseits werden der Kolben 8 und die Stange 6 mit großer Kraft entsprechend dem Verhältnis der Stirnflächen von Kolben 8 zu Stange 3 weiter geschoben. Beim Rückwärtshub wird die Kolbenstange aus der Feder gezogen, bis die Kugeln 4 in ihrer Nut einrasten, am Haltering 13 anstoßen und über den Wellensicherungsring 12 die Spannzange 11 gelöst wird.1 shows an example of a hydraulic booster in a pneumatic cylinder 1. The differential piston consists of the pneumatic piston 2 and at the same time acting as a hydraulic piston piston rod 3. At its tip pushes it over the pressure switch, consisting of the switch cam 3b Balls 4 and an annular spring element 5, the second piston rod 5 with yourself. If the counterforce on the piston rod 5 is a preset amount exceeds, the balls 4 push the spring (s) 5 outwards and roll on the horizontal Part of the cam 3b to the rear almost without force. By moving forward the rod 3, the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 7 increases, which previously through the Bias of the soft spring 10 was only slight. Due to the pressure increase on the one hand, the clamping part 9 (of the abutment) is pushed back slightly and presses the collet 11 outwards against the cylinder wall 1. On the other hand the piston 8 and the rod 6 with great force according to the ratio pushed the end faces from piston 8 to rod 3. With the reverse stroke the piston rod is pulled out of the spring until the balls 4 in their groove engage, push on the retaining ring 13 and the shaft locking ring 12 Collet 11 is released.

Fig. 2 zeigt beispielhaft einen mechanischen Kraftverstärker in einem Pneumatikzylinder 1. Als Druckschalter wirkt hier ein Keil 3b mit unterschiedlichen Schrägen. So lange die vordere Rolle 14a am stumpfen Keil 3a anliegt, erfolgt keine Kraftverstärkung. Folglich kann die Vorspannung der Feder 10 und die Kraft über das Klemmteil 8 auf die Spannzange 11 klein bleiben. Erst bei Erhöhung der Gegenkraft auf die Stange 6 wird der Keil weiter eingeschoben, die Rolle 14a kommt auf den spitzwinkeligen Kegelteil zu liegen,und die Kräfte im Keilspalt 25 steigen je nach dem Verlauf des Übergangs 3c allmählich oder schnell an. Die Spannzange verklemmt sich im Zylinder 1 und die Stange 5 wird mit großer Kraft entsprechend den Winkeln von Keil 3b und Keilspalt 25 ausgeschoben. Die Lösung der Spannzange 11 beim Rückhub erfolgt hier über einen Anker 23.Fig. 2 shows an example of a mechanical power amplifier in a pneumatic cylinder 1. A wedge 3b with different slopes acts as a pressure switch. As long as the front roller 14a rests on the blunt wedge 3a, there is none Power boost. Consequently, the preload of the spring 10 and the force can be over the clamping part 8 on the collet 11 remain small. Only when the counterforce increases the wedge is pushed further into the rod 6, the roller 14a comes to rest on the acute-angled cone part, and the forces in the wedge gap 25 increase gradually or rapidly depending on the course of transition 3c. The Collet jams in cylinder 1 and rod 5 is under great force pushed out according to the angles of wedge 3b and wedge gap 25. The solution the collet 11 on the return stroke is here via an armature 23.

Fig. 3 zeigt beispielhaft einen mechanischen Kraftverstärker mit formschlüssiger Abstützung. Am Ende des Zustellweges liegt die Spannfeder 10 am Ende des Pneumatikzylinders 1 an. Gleichzeitig mit dem Anheben der Rolle 14a über den stumpfen Keil 3a des Druckschalters werden die Sperrkugeln 24 durch eine Schalthülse 2a in Ausnehmungen 1a der Innenwand des Zylinders 1 gedrückt.Fig. 3 shows an example of a mechanical power amplifier with positive Support. At the end of the delivery path, the tension spring 10 is at the end of the Pneumatic cylinder 1. Simultaneously with the lifting of the roller 14a over the blunt wedge 3a of the pressure switch, the locking balls 24 by one Switch sleeve 2a pressed into recesses 1a of the inner wall of the cylinder 1.

Das Widerlager 9 des Kraftverstärkers kann sich im weiteren Krafthub über Stützflächen 9a auf diesen Kugeln 24 abstützen. Die weiter nach vome geführte Schalthülse 2a verhindert dabei eine Entriegelung.The abutment 9 of the power amplifier can over the further power stroke Support the support surfaces 9a on these balls 24. The continued to vome Switching sleeve 2a prevents unlocking.

Claims (9)

Kraftverstärker, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er vor einem Druckmittelkolben (2) im selben Zylinder (1) angeordnet ist und mit dem Kolben (2) zusammen bewegt wird.Power amplifier, characterized in that it is in front of a pressure medium piston (2) is arranged in the same cylinder (1) and with the piston (2) is moved together. Kraftverstärker nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich das Widerlager (11) kraftschlüssig an der Wand des Zylinders (1) abstützt.Power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that the abutment (11) is non-positively supported on the wall of the cylinder (1). Kraftverstärker nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Widerlager (11) wie eine Spannzange gestaltet ist.Power amplifier according to claim 2, characterized in that the Abutment (11) is designed like a collet. Kraftverstärker nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich das Widerlager (9) über Sperrelemente (24) formschlüssig an der Wand des Zylinders (1) abstützt.Power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that the abutment (9) via locking elements (24) on the Wall of the cylinder (1) supports. Kraftverstärker nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sperrelemente (24) Kugeln sind und die Stützflächen des Widerlagers (9a) und der Ausnehmung (1a) einen Winkel einschließen, der geringfügig größer als der Gleitwinkel ist, und die Verriegelung über eine vom Kolben (2) bewegte Schalthülse (2a) erfolgt.Power amplifier according to claim 4, characterized in that the Locking elements (24) are balls and the support surfaces of the abutment (9a) and the recess (1a) enclose an angle that is slightly is larger than the glide angle, and the locking mechanism via one of the Piston (2) moving switching sleeve (2a) takes place. Kraftverstärker, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich der Nocken (3) des Druckschalters gegen einen federbelasteten Wälzkörper (4) oder (14) anfangs mit einer Fläche (3a) abstützt, die einen größeren Winkel zu seiner Bewegungsrichtung einschließt, als mindestens eine weitere, nachfolgende Fläche (3b).Power amplifier, characterized in that the cam (3) of the Pressure switch against a spring-loaded rolling element (4) or (14) initially supported with a surface (3a) that has a larger angle its direction of movement, as at least one other following surface (3b). Kraftverstärker nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wälzkörper (4) bzw. (14) sowohl auf den Nocken (3a; 3b) als auch den Gegenflächen (5; 25) abrollen können.Power amplifier according to claim 5, characterized in that the Rolling elements (4) or (14) both on the cams (3a; 3b) and the Able to roll counter surfaces (5; 25). Kraftverstärker mit mechanischer Kraftverstärkung über je zwei Rollen (14a und 14b), die durch einen Keil (15) in einen Keilspalt (25) hineingedrückt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittellinie des Keilspaltes (25) senkrecht zur Achse des Keils (15) ist. Power booster with mechanical power boost via two rollers each (14a and 14b), which are pressed into a wedge gap (25) by a wedge (15) are characterized in that the center line of the wedge gap (25) perpendicular to the axis of the wedge (15). Kraftverstärker mit mechanischer Kraftverstärkung über je zwei Rollen (14a und 14b), die durch einen Keil (15) in einen Keilspalt (25) hineingedrückt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druckkeil mindestens zwei unterschiedliche Neigungen (3a und 3b) und ein gerundetes Übergangsstück (3c) aufweist.Power booster with mechanical power boost via two rollers each (14a and 14b), which are pressed into a wedge gap (25) by a wedge (15) are characterized in that the pressure wedge at least two different inclinations (3a and 3b) and a rounded one Has transition piece (3c).
EP99103719A 1998-02-27 1999-02-25 Force multiplier Withdrawn EP0939233A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19808301 1998-02-27
DE1998108301 DE19808301A1 (en) 1998-02-27 1998-02-27 Force increaser for cylinder

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0939233A2 true EP0939233A2 (en) 1999-09-01
EP0939233A3 EP0939233A3 (en) 2001-12-05

Family

ID=7859103

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99103719A Withdrawn EP0939233A3 (en) 1998-02-27 1999-02-25 Force multiplier

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EP (1) EP0939233A3 (en)
JP (1) JPH11287202A (en)
DE (1) DE19808301A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104806598A (en) * 2014-12-23 2015-07-29 山西天创液压机械设备制造有限公司 Supercharger cylinder

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19824464A1 (en) * 1998-05-30 1999-12-02 Stefan Pfaff Werkzeug Und Form Remote displacement under pressure using spheres in place of hydraulic oil
FR2785214A1 (en) * 1998-10-30 2000-05-05 Jacques Badart Clamp for automobile bodywork, comprises a clamping pin enabling high clamping pressures with reduced pin movement
US6722216B2 (en) 2001-07-17 2004-04-20 Ansul Incorporated Booster actuator
JP7058135B2 (en) * 2017-03-15 2022-04-21 セイコーインスツル株式会社 Cylinder device, press device, work clamp device, cylinder device operation method, work clamping method, and work press method
JP6997015B2 (en) * 2017-03-15 2022-01-17 セイコーインスツル株式会社 Cylinder device, press device, work joining device, work fixing device, cylinder device operation method, work press method, work joining method, and work fixing method
JP2019044965A (en) * 2017-08-29 2019-03-22 セイコーインスツル株式会社 Cylinder device, press device, work-piece lamp device, cylinder device working method, work-piece clamping method, and work-piece pressing method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3135171A (en) * 1962-06-06 1964-06-02 Mechanical Power Corp Power cylinder
GB1373706A (en) * 1972-09-21 1974-11-13 Bromsregulator Svenska Ab Force-transmitting devices
FR2376315A1 (en) * 1976-12-28 1978-07-28 Somap Sarl Hydraulic jack with increased force at end of stroke - has secondary piston with wedge on end of piston rod
DE7830221U1 (en) * 1978-10-11 1980-03-20 Arnold, Franz, 8960 Kempten MECHANICAL POWER AMPLIFIER
DE2920463C3 (en) * 1979-05-21 1982-01-28 Achim Ing.(grad.) 5090 Opladen Dürholt Piston-cylinder arrangement for rapid traverse and power stroke
DE3625753A1 (en) * 1986-07-30 1988-02-04 Festo Kg CLAMPING DEVICE
US4890541A (en) * 1988-06-20 1990-01-02 Spooner Richard C Fluid-operated actuator with force multiplication

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104806598A (en) * 2014-12-23 2015-07-29 山西天创液压机械设备制造有限公司 Supercharger cylinder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19808301A1 (en) 1998-09-10
EP0939233A3 (en) 2001-12-05
JPH11287202A (en) 1999-10-19

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