EP0937841B1 - Method of renovation of steel constructions - Google Patents

Method of renovation of steel constructions Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0937841B1
EP0937841B1 EP99100689A EP99100689A EP0937841B1 EP 0937841 B1 EP0937841 B1 EP 0937841B1 EP 99100689 A EP99100689 A EP 99100689A EP 99100689 A EP99100689 A EP 99100689A EP 0937841 B1 EP0937841 B1 EP 0937841B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
steel
gap
corrosion products
corrosion
elements
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EP99100689A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0937841A1 (en
Inventor
Heinrich Dr. Pohlmann
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Starkstrom-Anlagen-Gesellschaft mbH
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Starkstrom-Anlagen-Gesellschaft mbH
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging

Definitions

  • steel structure means, in particular, lattice trusses made of steel elements which are mounted with the aid of screw and / or rivet connections. These lattice trusses are mainly found on high-voltage overhead line pylons.
  • Such steel structures with an age of more than 40 years generally consist of so-called black steel (structural steel or carbon steel) and have been provided with multiple coatings, for example red lead and a top layer, to prevent corrosion.
  • black steel structural steel or carbon steel
  • red lead and a top layer to prevent corrosion.
  • corrosion products can be observed to a considerable extent today, particularly in the gap areas between the steel elements connected by screw and / or rivet connections. This phenomenon is also called crevice corrosion.
  • crevice corrosion occurs in particular in the gap areas in which a relatively large distance of the screw and / or rivet perforations from the steel element edge or the gap opening is specified. Local crevice corrosion can be observed primarily in these areas.
  • the crevice corrosion leads to steel erosion in the gap with each other connected steel elements and the so-called blooming of the corrosion products leads to a disadvantageous widening of the gap.
  • the gaps that widen over time can have a gap width of up to a few centimeters. If the steel elements are connected via screw and / or rivet connections, the widening of the gap leads to considerable axial stress on the screws and / or rivets.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a method of the type mentioned at the outset with which long-term corrosion protection between the steel elements connected to one another is ensured in a manner which is not very time-consuming, costly or expensive.
  • the invention teaches a method of the type mentioned, which is characterized by the steps in claim 1.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the steel elements are designed as steel profiles and connecting steel sheets, the connecting steel sheets being mounted on the steel profiles via screw and / or rivet connections and the corrosion products being removed from the gap areas between steel profiles and connecting steel sheets.
  • the connecting steel sheet is in particular a so-called gusset plate that is preferably used to connect steel profiles in steel structures of high-voltage overhead line pylons. For example, such a gusset plate is arranged diagonally in the intersection area Steel profiles of these steel structures are used.
  • the respective gap area or the associated gap is widened before the corrosion products are removed.
  • the gap can expediently be widened with the aid of a wedge or chisel.
  • the gap is opened by about 1 cm.
  • a preferred embodiment which is of particular importance in the context of the invention, is characterized in that the corrosion products are removed from the gap areas by mechanical treatment, preferably using a jigsaw.
  • Jigsaws with different setting of the saw blades are expediently used, with which the corrosion products can be reliably worked out of the gap areas.
  • the mechanical removal of the corrosion products is the preferred embodiment of the invention, it is nevertheless also within the scope of the invention to remove the corrosion products from the gap areas by thermal treatment, preferably with the aid of a cutting torch.
  • the thermal treatment preferably with the cutting torch, the corrosion products are burned in the gap areas.
  • it is expediently guided parallel along the steel elements at a short distance.
  • a rivet head cutter used to remove rivets which has a corresponding one, is expediently used as the cutting torch Has burner nozzle used.
  • porous corrosion products which can be found in the gap areas of weatherproof structural steels, can be effectively burned out by the thermal treatment.
  • mechanical treatment is preferred for high density corrosion products and therefore this mechanical treatment is the preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the invention is based initially on the knowledge that the corrosion products present in the gap areas can be removed very completely even in the assembled state of the steel elements, without the need for complex disassembly of the steel elements.
  • This removal of the corrosion products preferably by mechanical treatment, is possible since the corrosion products form in particular in gap areas which adjoin the outer edges of the steel elements or are easily accessible from the outside.
  • the time-consuming dismantling of the steel elements and the time-consuming removal of the corresponding connecting means are eliminated. For example, a time-consuming and labor-intensive removal of rivets by separating the rivet head and driving out the rivet shaft is not necessary.
  • the gap width of a gap area is reduced with a clamping device after removal of the corrosion products.
  • clamps can expediently be used. It goes without saying that this gap width reduction is carried out before the seam according to the invention is applied and the gap width is set up in such a way that the seam can be reliably attached to the gap opening. It is within the scope of the invention to reduce the gap width in particular when the corresponding gap has been widened beforehand and in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention for the removal of the corrosion products. However, the gap width reduction is especially necessary when there are larger gap widths that result from the so-called blooming of the corrosion products.
  • the seam is designed as a weld seam, advantageously as a fillet weld. It is within the scope of the invention that this seam is applied relatively thinly at the edges of the gap areas, always with the proviso that the gap opening is sealed moisture-tight so that corrosive liquids cannot penetrate into the gap openings.
  • the weld seam In the case of gap areas which are formed between interconnected steel elements, for example between steel profiles and connecting steel sheets mounted thereon, it is not necessary for the weld seam to be designed in accordance with the mechanical loads which this connection has to take up. These mechanical stresses are regularly absorbed by the connecting means, in particular the screw and / or rivet connections. It is within the scope of the invention that the entire gap opening between or in steel elements is closed with the seam according to the invention.
  • the surfaces to which the seam is to be applied are preferably ground before the seam is applied. This ensures, in particular, a functionally reliable hold of the seam applied according to the invention.
  • At least one corrosion-inhibiting and / or hydrophobic substance is introduced into the gap areas.
  • the at least one substance is expediently introduced after the gap width has been reduced.
  • Red lead and / or zinc pigments can be used as corrosion-inhibiting substances.
  • oils and / or waxes are expediently introduced into the gap areas. It is within the scope of the invention to introduce curing substances, for example epoxy resins and / or polyurethanes, into the gap areas.
  • a thin, low-viscosity rust-sealing liquid based on moisture-curing polyurethanes is introduced as a corrosion protection agent into the gap areas.
  • This rust sealing liquid penetrates particularly effectively into thin and dense layers of rust.
  • the moisture contained in the rust is split off as a gas and evaporates with the solvent of the rust sealing liquid.
  • the pores of the grate are filled with polyurethane and sealed.
  • the substances mentioned are introduced into the gap areas after the gap opening has been closed.
  • at least one borehole is expediently introduced into a steel element, through which borehole the substances mentioned are introduced into the gap area.
  • At least one threaded bore is preferably made in a steel element, into which threaded bore a device for introducing or pressing in the substances can expediently be screwed.
  • This device can be, for example, a lubricant dispenser.
  • At least one corrosion-inhibiting and / or hydrophobic and / or hardening substance can be pressed into the cavities of the gap under pressure via the borehole or the threaded bore or via the lubricating nipple.
  • the introduction of the substances mentioned into the gap areas is expedient insofar as, after removal of the corrosion products, more or less large corrosion scars generally remain on the steel elements, so that cavities at risk of corrosion are formed, which are functionally reliable against corrosion in the long term by the substances mentioned in the process according to the invention to be protected.
  • the method according to the invention is distinguished from the known measures by a less labor-intensive and time-consuming procedure. In particular, only a small number of work tools are required to carry out the method.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for the renovation of a wide variety of steel structures. The method is preferably used in the renovation of the steel structures or lattice structures of high-voltage overhead line masts, which are present in considerable numbers. In this area in particular, the method according to the invention offers considerable economic advantages.
  • FIG. 1 shows two assembled steel elements 1, 2 of a high-voltage overhead line mast, which are designed as a steel profile 1 and a connecting steel sheet 2 connected thereto via a screw connection 3.
  • Gap areas 4, which contain corrosion products 5, are formed between the steel elements 1, 2.
  • Fig. 1 it can be seen that by the blooming of the corrosion products 5 wide gap areas 4 have arisen between the steel elements 1, 2 and the steel elements 1, 2 have been plastically deformed thereby.
  • the corrosion products 5 in the assembled state of the steel elements 1, 2 are removed from the gap areas 4 by mechanical treatment, preferably with a jigsaw.
  • Fig. 2 shows the steel elements 1, 2 after performing the method according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a section through the edge region of a connecting steel sheet 2 of a steel structure.
  • a gap area 4 can be seen, which has arisen in the edge area of the connecting steel sheet 2 and in the interior of the connecting steel sheet 2 between the sheet metal surfaces due to corrosion.
  • Such crevice corrosion in steel sheets usually results from rolling defects that occur during the production of the steel sheets.
  • Corrosive substances can penetrate along the edges of the steel sheet along an undesirable duplication that occurs during the production of the steel sheet.
  • Fig. 3 shows that the blooming of the corrosion products 5 has led to a gap area 4 with considerable width in the connecting steel sheet.
  • the corrosion products 5 are removed from the gap area 4 by mechanical treatment and then the gap width of the gap area 4 is largely reduced with a tensioning device, preferably a clamp.
  • Fig. 4 shows the connecting steel sheet 2 after performing the method according to the invention. After reducing the gap width, a corrosion-inhibiting substance 6 was introduced into the gap area 4. The gap opening 7 arranged on the outer surface of the connecting steel sheet 2 was closed moisture-tight with the aid of a weld seam 8. in the The result is long-term corrosion protection of the connecting steel sheet 2.

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  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Control Of Heat Treatment Processes (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)

Abstract

The corrosion products (5) in the installed state of the steel components (1,2) are removed from the gap areas (4) and then the gap apertures in the outer surface of the steel components are at least area-wise are closed in a moisture-tight manner by a seam, preferably a welding seam. The steel components are formed as steel profiles (1) to which connecting steel plates (2) are fixed by screw or rivet connections (3). The corrosion products are removed from the gap areas (4) between the steel profiles and the connecting steel plates. The corrosion products are preferably removed with the aid of a fret saw.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Sanierung von Stahlkonstruktionen, so wie im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 beansprucht. Stahlkonstruktion meint im Rahmen der Erfindung insbesondere Gitterfachwerke aus Stahlelementen, die mit Hilfe von Schraub- und/oder Nietverbindungen montiert sind. Diese Gitterfachwerke finden sich vor allem an Hochspannungsfreileitungsmasten. Derartige Stahlkonstruktionen mit einem Alter von mehr als 40 Jahren bestehen in der Regel aus sogenanntem schwarzen Stahl (Baustahl bzw. C-Stahl) und sind zur Vermeidung von Korrosionen mit Mehrfachbeschichtungen, beispielsweise Bleimennige und einer Deckschicht, versehen worden. Bei diesen alten Stahlkonstruktionen sind heutzutage insbesondere in den Spaltbereichen zwischen den über Schraub- und/oder Nietverbindungen verbundenen Stahlelementen Korrosionsprodukte in erheblichem Ausmaß zu beobachten. Diese Erscheinung wird auch als Spaltkorrosion bezeichnet.The invention relates to a method for the renovation of steel structures, as claimed in the preamble of claim 1. In the context of the invention, steel structure means, in particular, lattice trusses made of steel elements which are mounted with the aid of screw and / or rivet connections. These lattice trusses are mainly found on high-voltage overhead line pylons. Such steel structures with an age of more than 40 years generally consist of so-called black steel (structural steel or carbon steel) and have been provided with multiple coatings, for example red lead and a top layer, to prevent corrosion. With these old steel structures, corrosion products can be observed to a considerable extent today, particularly in the gap areas between the steel elements connected by screw and / or rivet connections. This phenomenon is also called crevice corrosion.

Bei mit Schraub- und/oder Nietverbindungen aneinandermontierten Stahlelementen tritt die Spaltkorrosion insbesondere in den Spaltbereichen auf, in denen ein relativ großer Abstand der Schraub- und/oder Nietlochungen zum Stahlelementrand bzw. zur Spaltöffnung vorgegeben ist. Vornehmlich in diesen Bereichen sind lokale Spaltkorrosionen zu beobachten. Die Spaltkorrosion führt im Spalt zu einer Stahlabtragung an den miteinander verbundenen Stahlelementen und das sogenannte Aufblühen der Korrosionsprodukte führt zu einer nachteilhaften Aufweitung des Spaltes. Die im Laufe der Zeit sich aufweitenden Spalte können eine Spaltbreite bis zu einigen Zentimetern aufweisen. Sind die Stahlelemente über Schraub- und/oder Nietverbindungen verbunden, führt die Spaltaufweitung zu einer erheblichen axialen Beanspruchung der Schrauben und/oder Nieten. Messungen haben ergeben, daß die Schrauben und/oder Nieten durch den Einfluß der Spaltkorrosion beachtlichen Zugspannungen ausgesetzt werden, deren Werte oberhalb der gemäß Norm zulässigen Spannungswerte liegen. Im Extremfall können die mechanischen Beanspruchungen der Verbindungsmittel, insbesondere Schrauben und/oder Nieten, zum Versagen der Verbindungsmittel bzw. der Verbindung zwischen den Stahlelementen führen. - Bei jüngeren Stahlkonstruktionen, deren Alter geringer als 40 Jahre ist, sind die Stahlelemente zwecks Reduzierung der Korrosion verzinkt worden. Auch bei diesen verzinkten Stahlkonstruktionen kann die Spaltkorrosion jedoch nicht vollständig ausgeschlossen werden und sind teilweise ebenfalls die oben geschilderten Nachteile zu beobachten.In the case of steel elements assembled with screw and / or rivet connections, crevice corrosion occurs in particular in the gap areas in which a relatively large distance of the screw and / or rivet perforations from the steel element edge or the gap opening is specified. Local crevice corrosion can be observed primarily in these areas. The crevice corrosion leads to steel erosion in the gap with each other connected steel elements and the so-called blooming of the corrosion products leads to a disadvantageous widening of the gap. The gaps that widen over time can have a gap width of up to a few centimeters. If the steel elements are connected via screw and / or rivet connections, the widening of the gap leads to considerable axial stress on the screws and / or rivets. Measurements have shown that the screws and / or rivets are exposed to considerable tensile stresses due to the influence of crevice corrosion, the values of which are above the stress values permitted by the standard. In extreme cases, the mechanical loads on the connecting means, in particular screws and / or rivets, can lead to failure of the connecting means or the connection between the steel elements. - In younger steel structures, the age of which is less than 40 years, the steel elements have been galvanized in order to reduce corrosion. Even with these galvanized steel structures, however, crevice corrosion cannot be completely ruled out and the disadvantages described above can also be observed in some cases.

Bei dem aus der Praxis bekannten Verfahren, von dem die Erfindung ausgeht siehe SCHIERK, "Korrosionschutz an Stahlkonstruktionen", in: "das bauzentrum", 7/96, Seiten 122, 154, 126-127, werden die über Schraub- und/oder Nietverbindungen verbundenen Stahlelemente zunächst auseinandermontiert. Anschließend werden die Korrosionsprodukte von den entsprechenden Flächen der Stahlelemente entfernt und daraufhin werden die Stahlelemente wieder montiert oder auch teilweise durch neue Stahlelemente ersetzt. Diese bekannte Verfahrensweise ist in erheblichem Maße zeitaufwendig, kostenaufwendig und materialaufwendig.In the method known from practice, from which the invention is based, see SCHIERK, "Corrosion Protection on Steel Structures", in: "Das Bauzentrum", 7/96, pages 122, 154, 126-127, the screw and / or Steel elements connected to riveted joints are first disassembled. Then the corrosion products are removed from the corresponding surfaces of the steel elements and then the steel elements are reassembled or partially replaced by new steel elements. This known procedure is to a considerable extent time-consuming, costly and material-intensive.

Im übrigen ist auch bei diesem Verfahren ein langfristiger Korrosionsschutz, der allen Anforderungen genügt, nicht gewährleistet.Furthermore, long-term corrosion protection that meets all requirements is not guaranteed with this method either.

Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung das technische Problem zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, mit dem in wenig zeit-, und kosten- und materialaufwendiger Weise ein langfristiger Korrosionsschutz zwischen den miteinander verbundenen Stahlelementen sichergestellt ist.In contrast, the invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a method of the type mentioned at the outset with which long-term corrosion protection between the steel elements connected to one another is ensured in a manner which is not very time-consuming, costly or expensive.

Zur Lösung dieses technischen Problems lehrt die Erfindung ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art, welches durch die Schritte im Anspruch 1 gekennzeichnet ist. Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stahlelemente als Stahlprofile und Verbindungsstahlbleche ausgeführt sind, wobei die Verbindungsstahlbleche über Schraub- und/oder Nietverbindungen an die Stahlprofile montiert sind und die Korrosionsprodukte aus Spaltbereichen zwischen Stahlprofilen und Verbindungsstahlblechen entfernt werden. Das Verbindungsstahlblech ist insbesondere ein sogenanntes Knotenblech, daß vorzugsweise zur Verbindung von Stahlprofilen in Stahlkonstruktionen von Hochspannungsfreileitungsmasten eingesetzt wird. Beispielsweise wird ein solches Knotenblech im Kreuzungsbereich von diagonal angeordneten Stahlprofilen dieser Stahlkonstruktionen verwendet.To solve this technical problem, the invention teaches a method of the type mentioned, which is characterized by the steps in claim 1. A preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the steel elements are designed as steel profiles and connecting steel sheets, the connecting steel sheets being mounted on the steel profiles via screw and / or rivet connections and the corrosion products being removed from the gap areas between steel profiles and connecting steel sheets. The connecting steel sheet is in particular a so-called gusset plate that is preferably used to connect steel profiles in steel structures of high-voltage overhead line pylons. For example, such a gusset plate is arranged diagonally in the intersection area Steel profiles of these steel structures are used.

Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, daß vor Entfernung der Korrosionsprodukte der jeweilige Spaltbereich bzw. der zugeordnete Spalt aufgeweitet wird. Zweckmäßigerweise kann der Spalt mit Hilfe eines Keils oder Meißels aufgeweitet werden. Beispielsweise wird der Spalt dabei um etwa 1 cm geöffnet.It is within the scope of the invention that the respective gap area or the associated gap is widened before the corrosion products are removed. The gap can expediently be widened with the aid of a wedge or chisel. For example, the gap is opened by about 1 cm.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform, der im Rahmen der Erfindung besondere Bedeutung zukommt, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Korrosionsprodukte durch mechanische Behandlung, vorzugsweise mit Hilfe einer Stichsäge, aus den Spaltbereichen entfernt werden. Dabei werden zweckmäßigerweise Stichsägen mit unterschiedlicher Schränkung der Sägeblätter eingesetzt, mit denen die Korrosionsprodukte funktionssicher aus den Spaltbereichen herausgearbeitet werden können. - Obwohl die mechanische Entfernung der Korrosionsprodukte die bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung darstellt, liegt es nichtsdestoweniger auch im Rahmen der Erfindung, die Korrosionsprodukte durch thermische Behandlung, vorzugsweise mit Hilfe eines Schneidbrenners, aus den Spaltbereichen zu entfernen. Bei der thermischen Behandlung, vorzugsweise mit dem Schneidbrenner, werden die Korrosionsprodukte in den Spaltbereichen verbrannt. Beim Einsatz eines Schneidbrenners wird dieser zweckmäßigerweise in geringem Abstand parallel entlang der Stahlelemente geführt. Zweckmäßigerweise wird als Schneidbrenner ein zum Entfernen von Nieten verwendeter Nietkopfabschneider, der eine entsprechende Brennerdüse aufweist, eingesetzt. - Es hat sich gezeigt, daß poröse Korrosionsprodukte, die in Spaltbereichen von wetterfesten Baustählen zu finden sind, durch die thermische Behandlung effektiv herausgebrannt werden können. Bei Korrosionsprodukten mit hoher Dichte ist jedoch die mechanische Behandlung vorzuziehen und daher ist diese mechanische Behandlung die bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung. - Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, daß nach der mechanischen Entfernung der Korrosionsprodukte oder der thermischen Entfernung der Korrosionsprodukte in den Spaltbereichen verbliebene lose Korrosionsprodukte durch Druckluft ausgeblasen werden.A preferred embodiment, which is of particular importance in the context of the invention, is characterized in that the corrosion products are removed from the gap areas by mechanical treatment, preferably using a jigsaw. Jigsaws with different setting of the saw blades are expediently used, with which the corrosion products can be reliably worked out of the gap areas. Although the mechanical removal of the corrosion products is the preferred embodiment of the invention, it is nevertheless also within the scope of the invention to remove the corrosion products from the gap areas by thermal treatment, preferably with the aid of a cutting torch. During the thermal treatment, preferably with the cutting torch, the corrosion products are burned in the gap areas. When using a cutting torch, it is expediently guided parallel along the steel elements at a short distance. A rivet head cutter used to remove rivets, which has a corresponding one, is expediently used as the cutting torch Has burner nozzle used. - It has been shown that porous corrosion products, which can be found in the gap areas of weatherproof structural steels, can be effectively burned out by the thermal treatment. However, mechanical treatment is preferred for high density corrosion products and therefore this mechanical treatment is the preferred embodiment of the invention. - It is within the scope of the invention that after the mechanical removal of the corrosion products or the thermal removal of the corrosion products in the gap areas remaining loose corrosion products are blown out by compressed air.

Der Erfindung liegt zunächst die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß die in den Spaltbereichen vorhandenen Korrosionsprodukte auch im montierten Zustand der Stahlelemente sehr vollständig entfernt werden können, ohne daß ein aufwendiges Auseinandermontieren der Stahlelemente erforderlich wird. Diese Entfernung der Korrosionsprodukte, vorzugsweise durch mechanische Behandlung, ist möglich, da sich die Korrosionsprodukte insbesondere in Spaltbereichen bilden, die an die Außenränder der Stahlelemente angrenzen bzw. von außen leicht zugänglich sind. Gegenüber dem eingangs beschriebenen bekannten Verfahren ergibt sich der beachtliche Vorteil, daß das aufwendige Auseinandermontieren der Stahlelemente und das aufwendige Entfernen der entsprechenden Verbindungsmittel entfällt. Beispielsweise ist ein zeit- und arbeitsaufwendiges Entfernen von Nieten durch Abtrennen des Nietkopfes und Heraustreiben des Nietschaftes nicht erforderlich. Im Vergleich zu den bekannten Maßnahmen ist es bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren auch nicht notwendig, die Stahlkonstruktionen aus statischen Gründen abzustützen, wenn Stahlelemente entfernt werden bzw. Schraub- und/oder Nietverbindungen geöffnet werden. Überraschenderweise wird durch das Aufbringen der erfindungsgemäßen Naht nach Entfernung der Korrosionsprodukte ein langfristiger Korrosionsschutz der Stahlelemente erzielt.The invention is based initially on the knowledge that the corrosion products present in the gap areas can be removed very completely even in the assembled state of the steel elements, without the need for complex disassembly of the steel elements. This removal of the corrosion products, preferably by mechanical treatment, is possible since the corrosion products form in particular in gap areas which adjoin the outer edges of the steel elements or are easily accessible from the outside. Compared to the known method described at the outset, there is the considerable advantage that the time-consuming dismantling of the steel elements and the time-consuming removal of the corresponding connecting means are eliminated. For example, a time-consuming and labor-intensive removal of rivets by separating the rivet head and driving out the rivet shaft is not necessary. In comparison to the known measures, it is the inventive one The method also does not have to support the steel structures for static reasons when steel elements are removed or screw and / or rivet connections are opened. Surprisingly, by applying the seam according to the invention after removing the corrosion products, long-term corrosion protection of the steel elements is achieved.

Nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung, der besondere Bedeutung zukommt, wird die Spaltweite eines Spaltbereiches nach Entfernen der Korrosionsprodukte mit einer Spannvorrichtung reduziert. Hierzu können zweckmäßigerweise Spannzwingen eingesetzt werden. Es versteht sich, daß diese Spaltweitenreduzierung vor Aufbringen der erfindungsgemäßen Naht durchgeführt wird und die Spaltweite dabei so eingerichtet wird, daß die Naht funktionssicher auf der Spaltöffnung angebracht werden kann. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, die Spaltweitenreduzierung insbesondere dann durchzuführen, wenn der entsprechende Spalt zuvor und nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung für die Entfernung der Korrosionsprodukte aufgeweitet wurde. Die Spaltweitenreduzierung wird aber vor allem auch dann erforderlich, wenn größere Spaltbreiten vorliegen, die durch das sogenannte Aufblühen der Korrosionsprodukte entstehen. Durch die Spaltkorrosion werden die Stahlelemente häufig plastisch verformt, so daß sich auch nach Entfernen der Korrosionsprodukte aus den Spaltbereichen der Spalt nicht vollständig schließt. Im Anschluß an die Reduzierung der Spaltweite mit Hilfe der Spannvorrichtung wird die an der Außenoberfläche der Stahlelemente angeordnete Spaltöffnung zumindest bereichsweise mit der Naht feuchtigkeitsdicht verschlossen. Erfindungsgemäß wird die Naht als Schweißnaht, zweckmäßigerweise als Kehlnaht, ausgeführt. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, daß diese Naht relativ dünn an den Rändern der Spaltbereiche aufgebracht wird, stets mit der Maßgabe, daß die Spaltöffnung dabei feuchtigkeitsdicht verschlossen wird, so daß korrodierende Flüssigkeiten nicht in die Spaltöffnungen eindringen können. Bei Spaltbereichen, die zwischen miteinander verbundenen Stahlelementen ausgebildet sind, beispielsweise zwischen Stahlprofilen und daran montierten Verbindungsstahlblechen, ist es nicht erforderlich, daß die Schweißnaht nach Maßgabe der mechanischen Beanspruchungen ausgelegt wird, die diese Verbindung aufzunehmen hat. Diese mechanischen Beanspruchungen werden regelmäßig durch die Verbindungsmittel, insbesondere die Schraub- und/oder Nietverbindungen, aufgenommen. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, daß die gesamte Spaltöffnung zwischen oder in Stahlelementen mit der erfindungsgemäßen Naht verschlossen wird. Vorzugsweise werden die Oberflächen, auf die die Naht aufzubringen ist, vor dem Aufbringen der Naht geschliffen. Hierdurch wird insbesondere ein funktionssicherer Halt der erfindungsgemäß aufgebrachten Naht gewährleistet.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, which is of particular importance, the gap width of a gap area is reduced with a clamping device after removal of the corrosion products. For this purpose, clamps can expediently be used. It goes without saying that this gap width reduction is carried out before the seam according to the invention is applied and the gap width is set up in such a way that the seam can be reliably attached to the gap opening. It is within the scope of the invention to reduce the gap width in particular when the corresponding gap has been widened beforehand and in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention for the removal of the corrosion products. However, the gap width reduction is especially necessary when there are larger gap widths that result from the so-called blooming of the corrosion products. Due to the gap corrosion, the steel elements are often plastically deformed, so that the gap does not close completely even after the corrosion products have been removed from the gap regions. Following the reduction of the gap width with the aid of the tensioning device, the gap opening arranged on the outer surface of the steel elements is at least partially covered with the Seam sealed moisture-proof. According to the invention, the seam is designed as a weld seam, advantageously as a fillet weld. It is within the scope of the invention that this seam is applied relatively thinly at the edges of the gap areas, always with the proviso that the gap opening is sealed moisture-tight so that corrosive liquids cannot penetrate into the gap openings. In the case of gap areas which are formed between interconnected steel elements, for example between steel profiles and connecting steel sheets mounted thereon, it is not necessary for the weld seam to be designed in accordance with the mechanical loads which this connection has to take up. These mechanical stresses are regularly absorbed by the connecting means, in particular the screw and / or rivet connections. It is within the scope of the invention that the entire gap opening between or in steel elements is closed with the seam according to the invention. The surfaces to which the seam is to be applied are preferably ground before the seam is applied. This ensures, in particular, a functionally reliable hold of the seam applied according to the invention.

Erfindungsgemäß wird nach Entfernung der Korrosionsprodukte aus den Spaltbereichen zumindest eine korrosionshemmende und/oder hydrophobe Substanz in die Spaltbereiche eingebracht. Zweckmäßigerweise wird die zumindest eine Substanz nach der Reduzierung der Spaltweite eingebracht. Als korrosionshemmende Substanzen können Bleimennige und/oder Zinkpigmente eingesetzt werden. Als hydrophobe bzw. feuchtigkeitsabweisende Substanzen werden zweckmäßigerweise Öle und/oder Wachse in die Spaltbereiche eingebracht. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, aushärtende Substanzen, beispielsweise Epoxydharze und/oder Polyurethane, in die Spaltbereiche einzubringen. Nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform, der im Rahmen der Erfindung besondere Bedeutung zukommt, wird eine dünnflüssige niedrigviskose Rostversiegelungsflüssigkeit auf der Basis feuchtigkeitserhärtender Polyurethane als Korrosionsschutzmittel in die Spaltbereiche eingebracht. Diese Rostversiegelungsflüssigkeit dringt besonders effektiv auch in dünne und dichte Rostschichten ein. Die im Rost enthaltene Feuchtigkeit wird als Gas abgespalten und verdampft mit dem Lösungsmittel der Rostversiegelungsflüssigkeit. Die Poren des Rostes werden mit Polyurethan ausgefüllt und versiegelt. Erfindungsgemäß werden die genannten Substanzen nach Verschließen der Spaltöffnung in die Spaltbereiche eingeführt. Zweckmäßigerweise wird hierzu in ein Stahlelement zumindest ein Bohrloch eingebracht, über welches Bohrloch die genannten Substanzen in den Spaltbereich eingeführt werden. Vorzugsweise wird zumindest eine Gewindebohrung in einem Stahlelement eingebracht, in welche Gewindebohrung zweckmäßigerweise eine Vorrichtung zum Einbringen bzw. Einpressen der Substanzen eingeschraubt werden kann. Bei dieser Vorrichtung kann es sich beispielsweise um einen Schmierstoffspender handeln. Es liegt auch im Rahmen der Erfindung, das Bohrloch bzw. die Gewinde bohrung mit einem sogenannten Schmiernippel zu versehen, an welchen Schmiernippel die Vorrichtung zum Einbringen bzw. Einpressen der Substanzen angeschlossen werden kann. Über das Bohrloch bzw. die Gewindebohrung oder über den Schmiernippel kann zumindest eine korrosionshemmende und/oder hydrophobe und/oder aushärtende Substanz in die Hohlräume des Spaltes unter Druck eingepreßt werden. Das Einbringen der genannten Substanzen in die Spaltbereiche ist insofern zweckmäßig, als nach Entfernung der Korrosionsprodukte in der Regel mehr oder weniger große Korrosionsnarben an den Stahlelementen verbleiben, so daß korrosionsgefährdete Hohlräume entstehen, welche durch die genannten Substanzen im Rahmen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens langfristig funktionssicher gegen Korrosionen geschützt werden.According to the invention, after removing the corrosion products from the gap areas, at least one corrosion-inhibiting and / or hydrophobic substance is introduced into the gap areas. The at least one substance is expediently introduced after the gap width has been reduced. Red lead and / or zinc pigments can be used as corrosion-inhibiting substances. As a hydrophobic or moisture-repellent substances, oils and / or waxes are expediently introduced into the gap areas. It is within the scope of the invention to introduce curing substances, for example epoxy resins and / or polyurethanes, into the gap areas. According to a preferred embodiment, which is of particular importance in the context of the invention, a thin, low-viscosity rust-sealing liquid based on moisture-curing polyurethanes is introduced as a corrosion protection agent into the gap areas. This rust sealing liquid penetrates particularly effectively into thin and dense layers of rust. The moisture contained in the rust is split off as a gas and evaporates with the solvent of the rust sealing liquid. The pores of the grate are filled with polyurethane and sealed. According to the invention, the substances mentioned are introduced into the gap areas after the gap opening has been closed. For this purpose, at least one borehole is expediently introduced into a steel element, through which borehole the substances mentioned are introduced into the gap area. At least one threaded bore is preferably made in a steel element, into which threaded bore a device for introducing or pressing in the substances can expediently be screwed. This device can be, for example, a lubricant dispenser. It is also within the scope of the invention to provide the borehole or the threaded bore with a so-called grease nipple which grease nipple the device for inserting or pressing in the substances can be connected to. At least one corrosion-inhibiting and / or hydrophobic and / or hardening substance can be pressed into the cavities of the gap under pressure via the borehole or the threaded bore or via the lubricating nipple. The introduction of the substances mentioned into the gap areas is expedient insofar as, after removal of the corrosion products, more or less large corrosion scars generally remain on the steel elements, so that cavities at risk of corrosion are formed, which are functionally reliable against corrosion in the long term by the substances mentioned in the process according to the invention to be protected.

Im Ergebnis zeichnet sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren gegenüber den bekannten Maßnahmen durch eine wenig arbeitskosten- und zeitaufwendige Arbeitsweise aus. Insbesondere ist für die Durchführung des Verfahrens lediglich eine geringe Anzahl von Arbeitsgeräten erforderlich. Grundsätzlich ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren für die Sanierung der verschiedensten Stahlkonstruktionen geeignet. Vorzugsweise findet das Verfahren Anwendung bei der Sanierung der Stahlkonstruktionen bzw. Gitterkonstruktionen von Hochspannungsfreileitungsmasten, die in beträchtlicher Anzahl vorhanden sind. Insbesondere auf diesem Gebiet bietet das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erhebliche wirtschaftliche Vorteile.As a result, the method according to the invention is distinguished from the known measures by a less labor-intensive and time-consuming procedure. In particular, only a small number of work tools are required to carry out the method. In principle, the method according to the invention is suitable for the renovation of a wide variety of steel structures. The method is preferably used in the renovation of the steel structures or lattice structures of high-voltage overhead line masts, which are present in considerable numbers. In this area in particular, the method according to the invention offers considerable economic advantages.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung ausführlicher erläutert. Es zeigen in schematischer Darstellung

Fig. 1
einen Schnitt durch zwei über eine Schraubverbindung verbundene Stahlelemente,
Fig. 2
den Gegenstand der Fig. 1 nach Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt durch ein Stahlblech mit Korrosionsspalt,
Fig. 4
den Gegenstand der Fig. 3 nach Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of a drawing illustrating only one exemplary embodiment. They show a schematic representation
Fig. 1
a section through two steel elements connected by a screw connection,
Fig. 2
1 after carrying out the method according to the invention,
Fig. 3
a section through a steel sheet with a corrosion gap,
Fig. 4
3 after performing the method according to the invention.

Fig. 1 zeigt zwei montierte Stahlelemente 1, 2 eines Hochspannungsfreileitungsmastes, die als Stahlprofil 1 und daran über eine Schraubverbindung 3 angeschlossenes Verbinstahlblech 2 ausgeführt sind. Zwischen den Stahlelementen 1, 2 sind Spaltbereiche 4 ausgebildet, die Korrosionsprodukte 5 enthalten. In Fig. 1 ist erkennbar, daß durch Aufblühen der Korrosionsprodukte 5 weite Spaltbereiche 4 zwischen den Stahlelementen 1, 2 entstanden sind und die Stahlelemente 1, 2 hierdurch plastisch deformiert wurden. Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden die Korrosionsprodukte 5 im montierten Zustand der Stahlelemente 1, 2 aus den Spaltbereichen 4 durch mechanische Behandlung, vorzugsweise mit einer Stichsäge, entfernt. Im Anschluß daran wird die Spaltweite der Spaltbereiche 4 mit einer nicht dargestellten Spannvorrichtung reduziert und hierbei die Stahlelemente 1, 2 weitgehend in ihren ursprünglichen Zustand verformt. Draufhin wird eine korrosionshemmende Substanz 6 in die Spaltbereiche eingebracht. Anschließend wird die an der Außenoberfläche der Stahlelemente angeordnete Spaltöffnung 7 mit einer Schweißnaht 8 feuchtigkeitsdicht verschlossen. Fig. 2 zeigt die Stahlelemente 1, 2 nach Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.1 shows two assembled steel elements 1, 2 of a high-voltage overhead line mast, which are designed as a steel profile 1 and a connecting steel sheet 2 connected thereto via a screw connection 3. Gap areas 4, which contain corrosion products 5, are formed between the steel elements 1, 2. In Fig. 1 it can be seen that by the blooming of the corrosion products 5 wide gap areas 4 have arisen between the steel elements 1, 2 and the steel elements 1, 2 have been plastically deformed thereby. According to the method according to the invention, the corrosion products 5 in the assembled state of the steel elements 1, 2 are removed from the gap areas 4 by mechanical treatment, preferably with a jigsaw. Subsequently, the gap width of the gap areas 4 is reduced with a clamping device, not shown, and the steel elements 1, 2 are largely deformed in their original state. A corrosion-inhibiting substance 6 is then introduced into the gap areas. Subsequently the gap opening 7 arranged on the outer surface of the steel elements is sealed moisture-tight with a weld 8. Fig. 2 shows the steel elements 1, 2 after performing the method according to the invention.

Fig. 3 zeigt einen Schnitt durch den Randbereich eines Verbindungsstahlbleches 2 einer Stahlkonstruktion. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist ein Spaltbereich 4 erkennbar, der im Randbereich des Verbindungsstahlbleches 2 und im Innern des Verbindungsstahlbleches 2 zwischen den Blechoberflächen durch Korrosion entstanden ist. Eine solche Spaltkorrosion in Stahlblechen resultiert in der Regel aus Walzfehlern, die bei der Herstellung der Stahlbleche auftreten. Entlang einer bei der Herstellung der Stahlbleche entstandenen unerwünschten Doppelung können korrodierende Substanzen an den Stahlblechrändern eindringen. Fig. 3 zeigt, daß das Aufblühen der Korrosionsprodukte 5 zu einem Spaltbereich 4 mit erheblicher Weite in dem Verbindungsstahlblech geführt hat. - Erfindungsgemäß werden die Korrosionsprodukte 5 durch mechanische Behandlung aus dem Spaltbereich 4 entfernt und anschließend die Spaltweite des Spaltbereichs 4 mit einer Spannvorrichtung, vorzugsweise einer Spannzwinge, weitgehend reduziert. Fig. 4 zeigt das Verbindungsstahlblech 2 nach Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Nach Reduzierung der Spaltweite wurde eine korrosionshemmende Substanz 6 in den Spaltbereich 4 eingebracht. Die an der Außenoberfläche des Verbindungsstahlbleches 2 angeordnete Spaltöffnung 7 wurde mit Hilfe einer Schweißnaht 8 feuchtigkeitsdicht verschlossen. Im Ergebnis wird ein langfristiger Korrosionsschutz des Verbindungsstahlbleches 2 erzielt.Fig. 3 shows a section through the edge region of a connecting steel sheet 2 of a steel structure. In this exemplary embodiment, a gap area 4 can be seen, which has arisen in the edge area of the connecting steel sheet 2 and in the interior of the connecting steel sheet 2 between the sheet metal surfaces due to corrosion. Such crevice corrosion in steel sheets usually results from rolling defects that occur during the production of the steel sheets. Corrosive substances can penetrate along the edges of the steel sheet along an undesirable duplication that occurs during the production of the steel sheet. Fig. 3 shows that the blooming of the corrosion products 5 has led to a gap area 4 with considerable width in the connecting steel sheet. - According to the invention, the corrosion products 5 are removed from the gap area 4 by mechanical treatment and then the gap width of the gap area 4 is largely reduced with a tensioning device, preferably a clamp. Fig. 4 shows the connecting steel sheet 2 after performing the method according to the invention. After reducing the gap width, a corrosion-inhibiting substance 6 was introduced into the gap area 4. The gap opening 7 arranged on the outer surface of the connecting steel sheet 2 was closed moisture-tight with the aid of a weld seam 8. in the The result is long-term corrosion protection of the connecting steel sheet 2.

Claims (5)

  1. A method for remediating steel structures, especially high-voltage overhead line masts, comprising assembled steel elements (1, 2), wherein gap regions (4) containing corrosion products (5) are constructed between or in the steel elements (1, 2), wherein the corrosion products (5) in the assembled state of the steel elements (1, 2) are removed from the gap regions (4), characterised in that the gap opening (7) arranged adjacently on the outer surfaces of the steel elements (1, 2) is closed in a moisture-proof fashion at least in part by a welded seam (8), that at least one bore-hole is inserted in a steel element (1, 2) and that an apparatus is connected to the bore-hole, with which apparatus at least one corrosion-inhibiting and/or hydrophobic substance can be pressed into the gap regions after closure of the gap opening (7) with the welded seam (8).
  2. The method according to claim 1, characterised in that the steel elements (1, 2) are embodied as steel profiles (1) and connecting steel sheets (2) connected to said profiles (1) by means of screw and/or rivet connections (3) and the corrosion products (5) are removed from gap regions (4) between steel profiles (1) and connecting steel sheets (2).
  3. The method according to claim 1, characterised in that gap regions (4) are constructed in a steel element embodied as steel sheet and the corrosion products (5) are removed from these gap regions (4).
  4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the corrosion products (5) are removed from the gap regions (4) by mechanical treatment, preferably using a compass saw.
  5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the gap width of a gap region (4) is reduced after removing said corrosion products (5) using a tensioning apparatus.
EP99100689A 1998-02-18 1999-01-14 Method of renovation of steel constructions Expired - Lifetime EP0937841B1 (en)

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DE19806710A DE19806710C2 (en) 1998-02-18 1998-02-18 Process for the renovation of steel structures
DE19806710 1998-02-18

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DE (2) DE19806710C2 (en)
HU (1) HUP9900161A3 (en)
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101056737B (en) * 2004-11-11 2010-05-05 西门子公司 Method for connecting components by local cold joining, using for example rivets or screws and laser welding
US10828717B2 (en) 2015-09-16 2020-11-10 Nippon Steel Corporation Lap welding method of steel sheet and lap weld joint of steel sheet

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE247539T1 (en) * 1998-09-26 2003-09-15 Siemens Ag METHOD FOR CONNECTING COMPONENTS BY LASER WELDING
CN115126327B (en) * 2022-04-13 2023-10-20 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 Angle steel reinforcing device for power transmission tower

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4435489C2 (en) * 1994-10-04 1997-04-03 Abb Patent Gmbh Method and device for changing a main diagonal bar
DE4435488C2 (en) * 1994-10-04 1997-04-10 Abb Patent Gmbh Method and device for changing a gusset plate

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101056737B (en) * 2004-11-11 2010-05-05 西门子公司 Method for connecting components by local cold joining, using for example rivets or screws and laser welding
US10828717B2 (en) 2015-09-16 2020-11-10 Nippon Steel Corporation Lap welding method of steel sheet and lap weld joint of steel sheet

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DE19806710C2 (en) 2001-06-28
CZ294680B6 (en) 2005-02-16
CZ48999A3 (en) 1999-12-15
DE59909273D1 (en) 2004-06-03
HU9900161D0 (en) 1999-03-29
HUP9900161A3 (en) 2002-12-28
PL331476A1 (en) 1999-08-30
DE19806710A1 (en) 1999-09-09
HUP9900161A2 (en) 2001-02-28
ATE265593T1 (en) 2004-05-15
EP0937841A1 (en) 1999-08-25

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