Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
  • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
  • H04B1/3827—Portable transceivers
  • H04B1/3833—Hand-held transceivers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
  • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
  • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
  • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
  • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
  • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
  • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
  • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
  • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
  • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
  • H01Q1/245—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with means for shaping the antenna pattern, e.g. in order to protect user against rf exposure
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
  • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an antenna system for a dual-mode portable radiotelephone station allowing the establishment of communications via terrestrial radio-cellular networks of the GSM type or on the telephone network via a satellite as well as the reception by these same stations for transmitting radionavigation-satellite systems of the type known by the English abbreviation GPS for the term "Global positioning system”.
• GSM mode involves an antenna whose radiation pattern is of the "vertical dipole” type (omnidirectional ground-to-ground links in vertical polarization).
• the antennas used in GSM radiotelephone sets are mainly monopoly type antennas (metal strand supplied at its base and protruding from the upper face of the set). Some of these antennas are of the "shortened” type, such as, for example, monopoly antennas of the "heli-whip” type, consisting of a metal wire forming a helix, the assembly being overmolded in a thermoplastic material. These antennas have the advantage of being shorter than conventional whip antennas of the "quarter-wave” or "half-wave” type, for neighboring radio performance. There are also GSM terminals whose antenna is invisible from the outside. In fact, the antenna is placed inside the station which itself has a shell made of insulating material transparent to radio waves.
• This type of antenna is called “built-in antennas".
• the advantage of such a structure is essentially ergonomic since no antenna is visible "to the operator, which eliminates the risk of breakage of the antenna, for example when the station is placed in a pocket.
• all of these different antennas used in various GSM stations on the market offer performance compatible with the system requirements of existing GSM networks, both in terms of gain and radiation pattern.
• the margin presented by the link budget between these terminals and BTS (base station) is indeed high enough to allow the use of low performance antennas, in favor of better ergonomics of the terminal.
• the main question that arises with regard to the GSM antenna is whether it is preferable to use an antenna dedicated to GSM mode or an antenna having two modes of operation, one for GSM mode, the other for SATELLITE mode.
• the SATELLITE antenna must allow radio operation that is very different from that of the GSM antenna. In particular, its radiation pattern must favor high elevation angles to allow links with the satellite, while the GSM antenna must on the contrary favor low elevation angles to allow ground-to-ground links.
• the GSM antenna must operate in linear polarization, corresponding to the polarizations used in the base stations.
• the SATELLITE antenna should rather use circular polarization, which is more favorable for links of this type.
• the realization of a dual-mode GSM / SATELLITE antenna is however conceivable; for example, an antenna of the aforementioned propeller type operating in radial mode with linear polarization at GSM frequencies and in axial mode with circular polarization at SATELLITE frequencies could be suitable.
• This type of structure nevertheless has various drawbacks, particularly in SATELLITE operation where the antenna / user coupling is strong. It is moreover a not very ergonomic structure because of the diameter necessary for the propeller to present interesting radiation performances in SATELLITE mode.
• the performance required in SATELLITE mode is such that it may be more advantageous to assign a dedicated antenna to it, rather than a mixed antenna whose performance is necessarily more modest.
• the subject of the invention is an antenna system for a portable radiotelephone station allowing the establishment of terrestrial and satellite communications, characterized in that, in order to establish satellite communications, the latter comprises first and second printed radiating elements.
• a first radiating element being intended for the transmission from the station to the satellite
• the second radiating element being intended for the reception of signals from the satellite
• the dielectric plate supporting the elements radiant has a length and a width similar to that of the radiotelephone station and is articulated around a hinge allowing the dielectric plate to be pressed against the back of the radiotelephone station when the latter is not used in satellite transmission mode or deploy by rotating around the hinge when the post e of radiotelephone is used for satellite transmission
• the second radiating element is interposed on the dielectric plate between the hinge and the first radiating element so that in the deployed position of the dielectric plate, the energy radiated by the first radiating element presents no risk of damage to the brain of the user of the portable radio.
• the invention has the advantage that it allows operation in GSM mode of the radiotelephone station identical to radiotelephone stations conventionally dedicated to the existing GSM network. It maximizes radio performance in the satellite communication while being satisfactory in terms of ergonomics.
• the use of radiating elements printed on the dielectric plate makes compatible the use of the radiotelephone station with the reception of GPS wave of the Anglo-Saxon system known under the designation "Global positioning system” which gives a additional functionality at the radiotelephone station.
• the spacing of the radiating elements from each other and from the head of the user also limits to the maximum coupling effects between the antennas and the user which could otherwise lead to distortion effects of the radiation pattern of the antennas and power absorption. in the brain.
• Figure 1 a radio telephone set with an antenna system for satellite according to the invention.
• Figure 2 an embodiment of an antenna system according to the invention allowing the simultaneous reception or not of waves from a telecommunications satellite or waves from a network of GPS satellites.
• the radio telephone set which is represented in FIG. 1 comprises in a known manner a box 1 on the front face of which rests a dialing keyboard 1 interposed between a microphone 3 and a headset 4. Covering the rear face of the box 1 is articulated a dielectric plate 5 around a hinge 6, on which the antenna system according to the invention rests.
• the latter consists as shown in Figures 1 and 2 of a first radiating element 7 and a second radiating element 8 printed above the dielectric plate 5.
• the first radiating element 7 is used for wave reception radioelectric coming from a telecommunication satellite and the second radiating element 8 is used for the emission of electromagnetic wave towards a telecommunication satellite.
• a third radiating element 9 can be interposed between the dielectric plate and the second radiating element to allow reception of emissions emitted by satellites of the satellite navigation system known by the English abbreviation GPS of "Global positioning system".
• the radiating element 8 can be produced according to the "patch” technique described in the free entitled “Handbook of Microstrip Antennas” chapter 4 circular polarization and bandwidth pages 219 to 274 and the radiating elements 7 and 9 can be carried out according to the technique exposed in this same book chapter 6 entitled "Multilayer and parasitic configurations, pages 31 2 to 351.
• This antenna technology printed on substrate uses resonant conductive surface elements as radiating elements.
• the radiating elements obtained are flat and thin, it also allows operation in linear polarization or circular polarization depending on the shape of the radiating elements and their excitation mode.
• the bandwidth of the radiating elements is however reduced due to the use of resonant elements, but this characteristic is well suited for satellite links at 2.54 GHz of the S band.
• the radiating elements are configured to be directional with an angle opening at half power of the order of 1 20 degrees.
• the main axis of radiation is in this case the axis normal to the plane formed by the dielectric plate 5.
• the fact that the dielectric plate 5 is articulated around the hinge 6 makes it possible to orient the antenna system towards the satellite when the earpiece 4 of the set is placed on the user's ear like a conventional telephone handset.
• the orientation in azimuth is only related to the position of the user who can, to optimize the connection, move in the direction which is appropriate to point approximately the antenna system in the direction of the satellite.
• the radiating elements 8 and 9 have distinct resonance bands, one corresponding to the frequencies of the telecommunication satellites. other at GPS frequencies (code C / A).
• Use of two superposed receiving antenna elements 8 and 9 makes it possible to couple the two radiating elements to one another and thus obtain these two resonances.
• the dielectric plate (5) is folded down on the back of the station (1).
• a specific antenna optimized for GSM frequencies, and corresponding to existing models on the market can then be used. This antenna is therefore not shown. However, for ergonomic reasons, this could be constituted by a bipolar element or not integrated in the housing 1.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• Signal Processing (AREA)
• Transceivers (AREA)
• Support Of Aerials (AREA)
• Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
• Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=9496916

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Families Citing this family (10)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 1996
  • 1996-10-23 FR FR9612883A patent/FR2754942B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1997
  • 1997-10-14 EP EP97909407A patent/EP0934608B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-10-14 WO PCT/FR1997/001834 patent/WO1998018175A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1997-10-14 DE DE69718043T patent/DE69718043T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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