EP0930116B1 - Flexible casting system - Google Patents

Flexible casting system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0930116B1
EP0930116B1 EP98122500A EP98122500A EP0930116B1 EP 0930116 B1 EP0930116 B1 EP 0930116B1 EP 98122500 A EP98122500 A EP 98122500A EP 98122500 A EP98122500 A EP 98122500A EP 0930116 B1 EP0930116 B1 EP 0930116B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casting
manipulator
installation according
module
manipulators
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98122500A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0930116A1 (en
Inventor
Meinolf Strackbein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grohe Water Technology AG and Co KG
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Grohe Water Technology AG and Co KG
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Publication of EP0930116A1 publication Critical patent/EP0930116A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D33/00Equipment for handling moulds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C11/00Moulding machines characterised by the relative arrangement of the parts of same
    • B22C11/02Machines in which the moulds are moved during a cycle of successive operations
    • B22C11/04Machines in which the moulds are moved during a cycle of successive operations by a horizontal rotary table or carrier

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a casting plant with a Transport device for the molds, in particular Chill molds, to the individual work stations for casting of metals.
  • the invention has for its object a flexible casting plant to propose for casting metals.
  • the casting unit or the manipulator is each arranged on an autonomous mobile unit which is coupled to a control system, so that he or she is responsible for an optimal workflow of the individual Casting required workstations supplied can be a variety in an extremely inexpensive manner of castings are produced at the same time the facility being operated continuously can, because during operation both on the manipulators Casting molds or independent casting units replaced as well as workstations or can be replaced.
  • the required mold movements can be done by the Manipulator or at the casting unit after coupling be carried out by the respective workstation.
  • the casting units or manipulators can expediently be conveyed from transport modules and swivel modules to the individual work stations, buffers and locks on the basis of a track guidance.
  • the manipulators or casting units can also be routed to the work stations on the factory floor and a sensor-controlled steering device by a controller.
  • the control of the manipulator can also directly control the work station approached, the control of the manipulator being programmable in accordance with the required workflow for producing the individual casting specified by the casting mold.
  • At least one of the work stations is advantageously designed as a charging station for an energy store arranged in the manipulator.
  • Further movements of the manipulator 2 can be done by the Transport modules 3 and 4 pivot modules are generated. In addition, additional movements can be made at the individual work stations 5 are executed.
  • the movements of the Mold carrier 11 are carried out hydraulically.
  • a pressure accumulator is provided in the manipulator 2, the special charging stations is charged or recharged.
  • the individual manipulators 2 have a decentralized one electrical manipulator control with battery buffer, all functions of the respective manipulator 2 and the transport and swivel modules 3.4 controls, where the controller is programmable so that a for the individual mold required process sequence is ensured. In addition, it can also at any time by hand on manipulator 2 or wirelessly in the manipulator control be intervened.
  • the individual workstations 5 the currently running Work program and the individual program steps via a screen or color and / or Light symbols are displayed.
  • too video surveillance at the individual workstations be provided.
  • a malfunction indicator and Fault diagnosis system for displaying fault locations and Error causes are provided so that a quick Troubleshooting and high system availability is guaranteed.
  • a cast body is produced using the system shown in FIG. 1 in the following manner: At the swivel module 4 at the point 9.3, a manipulator 2 is equipped with a casting mold 1 and is to be introduced into the square of the casting installation via a lock 41. First, the pivot module 4 is pivoted by 90 ° at the point 9.1 and then the pivot module 4 located at the point 9.3 is pivoted into the square, and the manipulator 2 is moved from the conveyor belt 33 to the work station 5 “spraying” at the point 10.1. Then the pivot module 4 is pivoted back to its starting position at the point 9.3. After the "spraying", the manipulator 2 is moved via the control to the location point 11.1, where temperature control of the casting mold 1 is started. The temperature continues to be at point 11.2.
  • the manipulator 2 arrives at location 12.1, where the manipulator is recharged with energy.
  • the pivot module 4 is pivoted by 90 ° at the point 9.4 to take over the manipulator 2, which then rotates 90 ° to the point 1.3 and 1.2 for further energy recharging and for inserting sand cores.
  • the manipulator 2 then moves to the location point 1.1, where appropriate steel cores can be inserted into the casting mold 1 if necessary.
  • the swivel module 4 rotates back by 90 ° at the point 9.5, so that after the steel cores have been picked up, the manipulator 2 in turn undergoes a change of direction by 90 ° and the mold 1 is blown out and closed at the point 2.1.
  • the manipulator 2 then moves to the location point 13.1 to a buffer 6. From here the manipulator 2 arrives at the location point 4.1, where the casting mold 1 is filled with molten brass. The manipulator 2 then arrives at the location point 13.2 at a buffer position, after which the manipulator 2 then passes through the location point 4.2, another casting furnace, and the steel cores are pulled out of the mold at the location point 6.1. The swivel module 4 then changes the direction by 90 ° to the location point 5.1, from where the manipulator reaches the location point 7.1, where the cast body is ejected from the mold 1 after opening. The manipulator 2 then moves to a buffer position at the point 13.3.
  • the manipulator 2 then moves to the point 8.1, where the mold is subjected to a high-pressure wash.
  • the pivot module 4 is pivoted back at the location point 9.1, so that the manipulator 2 is ready for a new working cycle. If, on the other hand, sufficient castings have been poured, the pivot module 4 is alternatively introduced into the casting square at the point 9.2 and the manipulator 2 with the casting mold is led out via the lock 41.
  • the location points 9.4, 9.6 and 9.7 further swivel modules 4 are arranged, at which manipulators 2 and / or casting molds 1 can be repaired or loaded. In the casting process described above, only the sequence for a manipulator 2 is shown. Of course, several manipulators 2 can circulate one after the other in the square of the casting installation. Different parts can be produced at the same time and different casting methods and molds (sand casting) can be used.
  • a rotary slide module 40 as shown in FIG. 6 of the drawing, can also be arranged in the square of the casting installation.
  • the rotary slide module 40 consists of a rotatable and radially displaceable column on which rails 31 and drivable transport elements for guiding the manipulator 2 are fastened.
  • two transport modules 3 connected in series are connected to one another, so that the manipulators 2 can be moved accordingly.
  • the manipulator 2 is first moved onto the rotary slide module 40.
  • the rotary slide module 40 is then shifted by the distance A and then rotated by the angle B of 90 °. Then the rotary slide module 40 is displaced by a further distance C, so that the rotary slide module 40 is connected to the left transport module 3. The manipulator 2 can now be moved onto the left transport module 3.
  • a redirection of a manipulator 2 to the right Transport module 3 takes place in a similar manner as described above Wise. Just instead of moving on the route C is here a return to Connection to the right transport module 3.
  • the mold with the associated Guide and tensioning elements an independent Form the casting unit.
  • the casting unit can be from the transport modules 3, swivel modules 4 and / or Rotary slide modules 40 of the respective required Workstation 5 are fed.
  • the mold movements are advantageous here from the respective Workstation 5 running.
  • the one used The casting mold can be identified by coding.
  • the work stations 5 are arranged in a square.
  • the workstations also in another formatting, such as as a polygon, etc.
  • the casting process takes place in a circuit via a square, the transport modules 3 and the swivel modules 4 are elevated, and the manipulators 2 above the individual workstations 5 can be moved.
  • the manipulators 2 above the individual workstations 5 can be moved.
  • alternative can also use the manipulators with the mold on the factory floor and a steering device the individual workstations according to an entered Program for the casting process for the individual Start up the mold. Interventions in the sequence program expediently take place wirelessly from one Control center.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The casting installation has facilities for transport of molds to individual workstations. There is always at least one mold (1) assigned to a manipulator (2). The manipulators provided with individual drives and flexibly dispatchable to individual workstations by at least one control system. An independent claim is included for a casting method that involves assignment of one or more molds to a manipulator which can be dispatched to individual workstations. It further involves programming of the control system according to the required work sequence for the mold or molds assigned to a particular manipulator.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Gießanlage mit einer Transporteinrichtung für die Gießformen, insbesondere Kokillen, zu den einzelnen Arbeitsstationen zum Gießen von Metallen.The invention relates to a casting plant with a Transport device for the molds, in particular Chill molds, to the individual work stations for casting of metals.

Aus der Druckschrift DE 195 35 884 A1 ist bereits eine Kokillengießanlage mit einer als Drehtisch eines Karussels ausgebildeten Transporteinrichtung bekannt, an der die Kokillen direkt befestigt sind und taktweise einer Gießmaschine zugeführt werden.
Nachteilig an dieser bekannten Gießanlage ist insbesondere, daß bei einem Austausch der Gießform, Reparaturen an Arbeitsstationen etc. die gesamte Anlage außer Betrieb genommen werden muß. Die Anlage ist daher beispielsweise für relativ kleine Gußstückzahlen wenig geeignet, da bei den erforderlichen Umrüstungen die gesamte Anlage stillgelegt werden muß.
Aus der DE-U-297 10 930 ist außerdem eine Niederdruck-Kokillengussanlage bekannt geworden. Diese Gießanlage soll aus zwei Anlageteilen bestehen, die eine gemeinsame Kerneinlegestation haben. Auch hierbei müssen jedoch beide Anlageteile im Betriebszyklus aufeinander abgestimmt werden, so daß der Betrieb relativ starr durchzuführen ist.
From the publication DE 195 35 884 A1, a mold casting system with a transport device designed as a rotary table of a carousel is already known, to which the molds are directly attached and are fed to a casting machine in cycles.
A disadvantage of this known casting installation is in particular that when the casting mold is replaced, repairs to workstations etc., the entire installation must be taken out of operation. The system is therefore, for example, not very suitable for relatively small numbers of castings, since the entire system has to be shut down in the case of the necessary conversions.
From DE-U-297 10 930 a low-pressure die casting system has also become known. This casting plant should consist of two plant parts, which have a common core insertion station. Here too, however, both parts of the system must be coordinated with one another in the operating cycle, so that the operation is relatively rigid.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine flexible Gießanlage zum Gießen von Metallen vorzuschlagen.The invention has for its object a flexible casting plant to propose for casting metals.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einer Anlage nach dem Anspruch 1 gelöst.
Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Ansprüchen 2 bis 17 angegeben.
This object is achieved with a system according to claim 1.
Further refinements of the invention are specified in claims 2 to 17.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielbaren Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß mit der vorgeschlagenen Einrichtung sowohl Schwermetalle als auch Leichtmetalle im Schwerkraftguß oder Niederdruckguß in Kokillen oder auch in Sandformen gegossen werden können. Hierbei können für die verschiedenen Gußstücke in den einzelnen Schmelzöfen die entsprechenden Legierungen bereitgehalten werden. Dadurch, daß eine oder mehrere Gießformen mit Führungs- und Spannelementen als eigenständige Gießeinheit ausgebildet oder mit einem mobilen Manipulator verbunden sind, wobei die Gießeinheit oder der Manipulator jeweils auf einer autonomen mobilen Einheit angeordnet ist, die mit einem Steuersystem gekoppelt ist, so dass er oder sie den für einen optimalen Arbeitsablauf des individuellen Gußstücks erforderlichen Arbeitsstationen zugeführt wird, kann in äußerst kostengünstiger Weise eine Vielzahl von Gußstücken zur gleichen Zeit erzeugt werden, wobei die Einrichtung kontinuierlich betrieben werden kann, da während des Betriebs sowohl an den Manipulatoren Gießformen oder eigenständige Gießeinheiten ausgewechselt als auch Arbeitsstationen umgerüstet oder ausgewechselt werden können. The advantages that can be achieved with the invention exist especially in that with the proposed facility both heavy metals and light metals in gravity casting or low pressure casting in molds or can also be poured into sand molds. in this connection can for the different castings in each The relevant alloys are available in the melting furnace become. Because one or more molds with guide and tensioning elements as independent Casting unit designed or with a mobile Manipulator are connected, the casting unit or the manipulator is each arranged on an autonomous mobile unit which is coupled to a control system, so that he or she is responsible for an optimal workflow of the individual Casting required workstations supplied can be a variety in an extremely inexpensive manner of castings are produced at the same time the facility being operated continuously can, because during operation both on the manipulators Casting molds or independent casting units replaced as well as workstations or can be replaced.

Die erforderlichen Gießformbewegungen können von dem Manipulator oder bei der Gießeinheit nach dem Ankoppeln von der jeweiligen Arbeitsstation ausgeführt werden.The required mold movements can be done by the Manipulator or at the casting unit after coupling be carried out by the respective workstation.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung können die Gießeinheiten oder Manipulatoren zweckmäßig von Transportmodulen und Schwenkmodulen den einzelnen Arbeitsstationen, Puffer und Schleusen aufgrund einer Spurführung zugeleitet werden. Alternativ können die Manipulatoren oder Gießeinheiten aber auch jeweils auf dem Werkhallenboden und einer sensorgesteuerten Lenkeinrichtung von einer Steuerung den ablaufbedingten Arbeitsstationen zugeleitet wird.
Zweckmäßig kann auch von der Steuerung des Manipulators die jeweils angefahrene Arbeitsstation unmittelbar gesteuert werden, wobei die Steuerung des Manipulators entsprechend dem erforderlichen Arbeitsablauf zur Erzeugung des durch die Gießform vorgegebenen individuellen Gußstücks programmierbar ist. Vorteilhaft ist wenigstens eine der Arbeitsstationen als Ladestation für einen im Manipulator angeordneten Energiespeicher ausgebildet.
Durch die Anordnung von als Verzweigungs-, Zusammenführ-, Schiebe- oder Schwenkmodule gebildeten Aus- und Einschleusstrecken können Reparaturen, Wartung und Umrüstungen der Gießeinrichtung durchgeführt werden, ohne die Arbeit des Gesamtsystems zu stören. Durch Tandem-Fahrweise oder den Einsatz von Parallelstrecken, Puffern und/oder mehreren Arbeitsstationen für den gleichen Arbeitsvorgang wie z. B. Gießöfen, Kühl- und Heizeinrichtungen, Sprüheinrichtungen usw. kann die Durchlaufzeit erheblich verkürzt werden, wobei auch bei einem Ausfall, einem Nachfüllen oder sonstigen Störungen bei einem der mehrfach vorhandenen Arbeitsstationen das Gesamtsystem weiterbetrieben werden kann.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the casting units or manipulators can expediently be conveyed from transport modules and swivel modules to the individual work stations, buffers and locks on the basis of a track guidance. Alternatively, the manipulators or casting units can also be routed to the work stations on the factory floor and a sensor-controlled steering device by a controller.
Expediently, the control of the manipulator can also directly control the work station approached, the control of the manipulator being programmable in accordance with the required workflow for producing the individual casting specified by the casting mold. At least one of the work stations is advantageously designed as a charging station for an energy store arranged in the manipulator.
Through the arrangement of discharge and insertion sections formed as branching, merging, sliding or swiveling modules, repairs, maintenance and retrofitting of the casting device can be carried out without disrupting the work of the overall system. Through tandem driving or the use of parallel routes, buffers and / or several workstations for the same work process as e.g. B. pouring furnaces, cooling and heating devices, spraying devices, etc., the throughput time can be significantly reduced, the entire system can continue to be operated even in the event of a failure, refilling or other malfunctions in one of the multiple work stations.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigt

Fig. 1
eine Kokillengießanlage für Messinggußstücke in schematischer Darstellung in Draufsicht;
Fig. 2
ein Transportmodul der Kokillengießanlage mit einem Manipulator mit geöffneter Kokille in Seitenansicht;
Fig. 3
den in Fig. 2 gezeigten Manipulator mit der im Schließvorgang befindlichen Kokille;
Fig. 4
ein Schwenkmodul der Kokillengießanlage mit Manipulator und geöffneter Kokille in Seitenansicht;
Fig. 5
in Reihe angeordnete Transportmodule der Kokillengießanlage in Perspektivansicht ohne Manipulator.
Fig. 6
ein Drehschiebemodul, das alternativ für ein Schwenkmodul einsetzbar ist, in Draufsicht.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. It shows
Fig. 1
a mold casting plant for brass castings in a schematic representation in plan view;
Fig. 2
a transport module of the mold casting system with a manipulator with the mold open in side view;
Fig. 3
the manipulator shown in Figure 2 with the mold in the closing process.
Fig. 4
a swivel module of the mold casting machine with manipulator and open mold in side view;
Fig. 5
Transport modules of the mold casting system arranged in a row in perspective view without manipulator.
Fig. 6
a rotary slide module, which can be used alternatively for a swivel module, in plan view.

Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Anlage ist zur Herstellung von Gußkörpern für Wasserleitungsarmaturen aus Messing vorgesehen und ist, wie es insbesondere aus Fig. 1 zu entnehmen ist, von karreeförmig angeordneten Arbeitsstationen 5 gebildet. Zwischen den Arbeitsstationen 5 sind an bestimmten Stellen Puffer 6 für einen flüssigen Arbeitsablauf angeordnet, wobei an den Eckpunkten jeweils eine Schwenkeinrichtung zur Richtungsänderung vorgesehen ist. Oberhalb der Arbeitsstationen 5 und den Puffern 6 des Gießsystems sind Transportmodule 3, wie es insbesondere aus Fig. 5 zu entnehmen ist, in Reihe angeordnet. Hierbei sind je Transportmodul 3 zwei parallel geführte Schienen 31 angeordnet, zwischen denen zwei Transportbänder 33 auf Rollen angeordnet sind. Die Transportbänder 33 sind jeweils von einem Motor 32 über einen Treibriemen 320 antreibbar. An jedem Transportmodul 3 ist eine elektrisch lösbare Anschlagausbildung 34 und ein elektrischer Endschalter 35 angeordnet. Auf dem Transportmodul 3 können Manipulatoren 2, wie es beispielsweise aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich ist, verfahren werden. Der Manipulator 2 ist hierbei mit Rollen 20 spurgeführt auf den Schienen 31 angeordnet. Zum Verfahren des Manipulators 2 greifen hierbei mit Reibschluß die beiden Transportbänder 33 an der Unterfläche des Manipulators 2 an, so daß der Manipulator 2 jeweils bis zur Anschlagausbildung 34 auf dem Transportmodul 3 verfahren werden kann, wobei der Endschalter 35 den Motor 32 steuert. Soll der Manipulator 2 von einem ersten Transportmodul 3 zu einem zweiten Transportmodul 3 verfahren werden, so wird die Anschlagausbildung 34 am ersten Transportmodul 3 gelöst und der Manipulator 2 mit Hilfe der Transportbänder 33 zum zweiten Transportmodul 3 an die dort ebenfalls vorhandene Anschlagausbildung 34 herangefahren. Hierdurch ist eine beliebige lineare Verfahrung eines oder mehrerer Manipulatoren 2 auf den in Reihen angeordneten Transportmodulen 3 ermöglicht. An den vier Eckpunkten des Karrees ist außerdem jeweils ein Schwenkmodul 4 angeordnet, wie es insbesondere aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist. Auf dem Schwenkmodul 4 sind ebenfalls jeweils zwei parallel angeordnete Schienen 31 sowie zwei parallel auf Rollen angeordnete Transportbänder 33, die über einen Treibriemen 320 von einem Motor 32 angetrieben sind, vorgesehen. Der senkrecht angeordnete Ständer des Schwenkmoduls 4 ist hierbei jedoch nicht starr, sondern in Richtung von Pfeilen 42 um etwa 90° schwenkbar angeordnet (Figur 4). Hierdurch kann das Schwenkmodul 4 an die in gerader Linie angeordneten Transportmodule 3 im Bereich der Eckpunkte herangeschwenkt werden. Der jeweils auf dem Schwenkmodul 4 geparkte Manipulator 2 kann somit durch den Schwenkvorgang in seiner Richtung um z. B. 90° gedreht werden.
An dem jeweiligen Manipulator 2 können Einfach- oder Mehrfachkokillen oder auch mehrere Einzelkokillen angeordnet werden, wobei an einem Kokillenträger 11 beide Formhälften 1a,1b einer Gießform 1 fliegend aufgehängt sind. Der Manipulator 2 kann bei Bedarf alle üblichen erforderlichen Bewegungen ausführen. In der Regel ist es jedoch ausreichend, wenn der Manipulator folgende Bewegungen in Verbindung mit der Gießform 1 ausführen kann:

  • Schwenken von 0° bis 90°, horizontale/vertikale Trennebene
  • Kokillenhälften je von 0° bis 90° schwenken
  • Ausstoßfunktion
  • Kernzugfunktion.
The system shown in the drawing is intended for the production of castings for water pipe fittings made of brass and, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 1, is formed by work stations 5 arranged in a square shape. Buffers 6 for a fluid workflow are arranged at certain points between the workstations 5, with a pivoting device for changing the direction being provided at the corner points. Transport modules 3, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 5, are arranged in a row above the work stations 5 and the buffers 6 of the casting system. Here, two parallel rails 31 are arranged for each transport module 3, between which two conveyor belts 33 are arranged on rollers. The conveyor belts 33 can each be driven by a motor 32 via a drive belt 320. An electrically releasable stop formation 34 and an electrical limit switch 35 are arranged on each transport module 3. Manipulators 2, as can be seen, for example, from FIG. 2, can be moved on the transport module 3. The manipulator 2 is arranged on the rails 31 with rollers 20 in a track-guided manner. To move the manipulator 2, the two conveyor belts 33 engage the lower surface of the manipulator 2 with frictional engagement, so that the manipulator 2 can be moved up to the stop formation 34 on the transport module 3, the limit switch 35 controlling the motor 32. If the manipulator 2 is to be moved from a first transport module 3 to a second transport module 3, the stop formation 34 on the first transport module 3 is released and the manipulator 2 is moved with the aid of the conveyor belts 33 to the second transport module 3 to the stop formation 34 which is also present there. This enables any linear movement of one or more manipulators 2 on the transport modules 3 arranged in rows. At the four corner points of the square, a swivel module 4 is also arranged, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 1. Also provided on the swivel module 4 are two parallel rails 31 and two parallel conveyor belts 33, which are driven by a motor 32 via a drive belt 320. However, the vertically arranged stand of the pivot module 4 is not rigid, but rather is pivotable in the direction of arrows 42 by approximately 90 ° (FIG. 4). As a result, the swivel module 4 can be swiveled towards the transport modules 3 arranged in a straight line in the region of the corner points. The manipulator 2 parked in each case on the swivel module 4 can thus be rotated in its direction by z. B. rotated 90 °.
Single or multiple molds or also a plurality of individual molds can be arranged on the respective manipulator 2, both mold halves 1a, 1b of a casting mold 1 being suspended on a mold carrier 11. The manipulator 2 can perform all the usual required movements if necessary. As a rule, however, it is sufficient if the manipulator can carry out the following movements in connection with casting mold 1:
  • Swiveling from 0 ° to 90 °, horizontal / vertical parting plane
  • Swivel mold halves from 0 ° to 90 °
  • output function
  • Kernzugfunktion.

Weitere Bewegungen des Manipulators 2 können von den Transportmodulen 3 und Schwenkmodulen 4 erzeugt werden. Außerdem können Zusatzbewegungen an den einzelnen Arbeitsstationen 5 ausgeführt werden. Die Bewegungen des Kokillenträgers 11 erfolgen hydraulisch. Ein Druckspeicher ist hierbei im Manipulator 2 vorgesehen, der an besonderen Ladestationen auf- bzw. nachgeladen wird. Die einzelnen Manipulatoren 2 verfügen über eine dezentrale elektrische Manipulatorsteuerung mit Batteriepuffer, die alle Funktionen des jeweiligen Manipulators 2 und der Transport- und Schwenkmodule 3,4 steuert, wobei die Steuerung derart programmierbar ist, daß ein für die individuelle Gießform erforderlicher Verfahrensablauf sichergestellt ist. Daneben kann aber auch jederzeit von Hand am Manipulator 2 oder drahtlos in die Manipulatorsteuerung eingegriffen werden. Hierbei kann an den einzelnen Arbeitsstationen 5 das jeweils gerade ablaufende Arbeitsprogramm und die einzelnen Programmschritte über einen Bildschirm oder Farb- und/oder Lichtsymbole angezeigt werden. Darüber hinaus kann auch eine Videoüberwachung an den einzelnen Arbeitsstationen vorgesehen werden. Auch kann ein Störungsanzeige- und Fehlerdiagnosesystem zur Anzeige von Fehlerorten und Fehlerursachen vorgesehen werden, so daß eine schnelle Fehlerbehebung und eine hohe Verfügbarkeit des Systems gewährleistet ist.Further movements of the manipulator 2 can be done by the Transport modules 3 and 4 pivot modules are generated. In addition, additional movements can be made at the individual work stations 5 are executed. The movements of the Mold carrier 11 are carried out hydraulically. A pressure accumulator is provided in the manipulator 2, the special charging stations is charged or recharged. The individual manipulators 2 have a decentralized one electrical manipulator control with battery buffer, all functions of the respective manipulator 2 and the transport and swivel modules 3.4 controls, where the controller is programmable so that a for the individual mold required process sequence is ensured. In addition, it can also at any time by hand on manipulator 2 or wirelessly in the manipulator control be intervened. Here can be the individual workstations 5 the currently running Work program and the individual program steps via a screen or color and / or Light symbols are displayed. In addition, too video surveillance at the individual workstations be provided. Also a malfunction indicator and Fault diagnosis system for displaying fault locations and Error causes are provided so that a quick Troubleshooting and high system availability is guaranteed.

Die Herstellung eines Gußkörpers erfolgt anhand der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Anlage in folgender Weise:
Am Schwenkmodul 4 am Ortspunkt 9.3 ist ein Manipulator 2 mit einer Gießform 1 bestückt und soll über eine Schleuse 41 in das Karree der Gießanlage eingeschleust werden.
Zunächst wird das Schwenkmodul 4 am Ortspunkt 9.1 um 90° verschwenkt und danach das am Ortspunkt 9.3 befindliche Schwenkmodul 4 in das Karree eingeschwenkt, und der Manipulator 2 vom Transportband 33 zur Arbeitsstation 5 "Sprühen" am Ortspunkt 10.1 verfahren. Danach wird das Schwenkmodul 4 am Ortspunkt 9.3 wieder in seine Ausgangslage zurückgeschwenkt. Nach dem "Sprühen" wird über die Steuerung der Manipulator 2 zum Ortspunkt 11.1 bewegt, wo eine Temperierung der Gießform 1 gestartet wird. Die Temperierung erfolgt weiter am Ortspunkt 11.2. Danach gelangt der Manipulator 2 zum Ortspunkt 12.1, wo der Manipulator mit Energie nachgeladen wird.
Nunmehr wird das Schwenkmodul 4 am Ortspunkt 9.4 um 90° verschwenkt zur Übernahme des Manipulators 2, der anschließend um 90° gedreht die Ortspunkte 1.3 und 1.2 anfährt zur weiteren Energienachladung und zum Einlegen von Sandkernen. Danach verfährt der Manipulator 2 an den Ortspunkt 1.1, wo bei Bedarf entsprechende Stahlkerne in die Gießform 1 eingesetzt werden können. Gleichzeitig dreht das Schwenkmodul 4 am Ortspunkt 9.5 um 90° zurück, so daß nach Aufnahme der Stahlkerne der Manipulator 2 wiederum eine Richtungsänderung um 90° erfährt und am Ortspunkt 2.1 die Gießform 1 ausgeblasen und geschlossen wird. Danach verfährt der Manipulator 2 zum Ortspunkt 13.1 zu einem Puffer 6. Von hier aus gelangt der Manipulator 2 zum Ortspunkt 4.1, wo die Gießform 1 mit Messingschmelze aufgefüllt wird. Danach gelangt der Manipulator 2 zum Ortspunkt 13.2 zu einer Pufferposition, wonach anschließend der Manipulator 2 den Ortspunkt 4.2, ein weiterer Gießofen, durchfährt und am Ortspunkt 6.1 die Stahlkerne aus der Form gezogen werden. Anschließend erfolgt mit dem Schwenkmodul 4 eine Richtungsänderung um 90° zum Ortspunkt 5.1, von wo aus der Manipulator zum Ortspunkt 7.1 gelangt, wo der Gußkörper nach dem Öffnen aus der Gießform 1 ausgestoßen wird. Sodann verfährt der Manipulator 2 zum Ortspunkt 13.3 auf eine Pufferposition. Danach verfährt der Manipulator 2 auf den Ortspunkt 8.1, wo die Gießform einer Hochdruckwäsche unterzogen wird. Hierbei wird am Ortspunkt 9.1 das Schwenkmodul 4 zurückgeschwenkt, so daß der Manipulator 2 für einen neuen Arbeitszyklus bereitsteht. Sind dagegen genügend Gußkörper abgegossen, so wird alternativ am Ortspunkt 9.2 das Schwenkmodul 4 in das Gießkarree eingebracht und der Manipulator 2 mit der Gießform über die Schleuse 41 herausgeführt.
An den Ortspunkten 9.4, 9.6 und 9.7 sind weitere Schwenkmodule 4 angeordnet, an denen Manipulatoren 2 und/oder Gießformen 1 repariert oder geladen werden können.
In dem vorstehend dargestellten Gießprozeß ist lediglich der Ablauf für einen Manipulator 2 dargestellt. Selbstverständlich können mehrere Manipulatoren 2 hintereinander im Karree der Gießanlage umlaufen. Hierbei können sowohl verschiedene Teile gleichzeitig hergestellt werden als auch verschiedene Gießverfahren und Gießformen (Sandguß) zur Anwendung kommen.
A cast body is produced using the system shown in FIG. 1 in the following manner:
At the swivel module 4 at the point 9.3, a manipulator 2 is equipped with a casting mold 1 and is to be introduced into the square of the casting installation via a lock 41.
First, the pivot module 4 is pivoted by 90 ° at the point 9.1 and then the pivot module 4 located at the point 9.3 is pivoted into the square, and the manipulator 2 is moved from the conveyor belt 33 to the work station 5 “spraying” at the point 10.1. Then the pivot module 4 is pivoted back to its starting position at the point 9.3. After the "spraying", the manipulator 2 is moved via the control to the location point 11.1, where temperature control of the casting mold 1 is started. The temperature continues to be at point 11.2. Then the manipulator 2 arrives at location 12.1, where the manipulator is recharged with energy.
Now the pivot module 4 is pivoted by 90 ° at the point 9.4 to take over the manipulator 2, which then rotates 90 ° to the point 1.3 and 1.2 for further energy recharging and for inserting sand cores. The manipulator 2 then moves to the location point 1.1, where appropriate steel cores can be inserted into the casting mold 1 if necessary. At the same time, the swivel module 4 rotates back by 90 ° at the point 9.5, so that after the steel cores have been picked up, the manipulator 2 in turn undergoes a change of direction by 90 ° and the mold 1 is blown out and closed at the point 2.1. The manipulator 2 then moves to the location point 13.1 to a buffer 6. From here the manipulator 2 arrives at the location point 4.1, where the casting mold 1 is filled with molten brass. The manipulator 2 then arrives at the location point 13.2 at a buffer position, after which the manipulator 2 then passes through the location point 4.2, another casting furnace, and the steel cores are pulled out of the mold at the location point 6.1. The swivel module 4 then changes the direction by 90 ° to the location point 5.1, from where the manipulator reaches the location point 7.1, where the cast body is ejected from the mold 1 after opening. The manipulator 2 then moves to a buffer position at the point 13.3. The manipulator 2 then moves to the point 8.1, where the mold is subjected to a high-pressure wash. Here, the pivot module 4 is pivoted back at the location point 9.1, so that the manipulator 2 is ready for a new working cycle. If, on the other hand, sufficient castings have been poured, the pivot module 4 is alternatively introduced into the casting square at the point 9.2 and the manipulator 2 with the casting mold is led out via the lock 41.
At the location points 9.4, 9.6 and 9.7 further swivel modules 4 are arranged, at which manipulators 2 and / or casting molds 1 can be repaired or loaded.
In the casting process described above, only the sequence for a manipulator 2 is shown. Of course, several manipulators 2 can circulate one after the other in the square of the casting installation. Different parts can be produced at the same time and different casting methods and molds (sand casting) can be used.

Alternativ zu dem Schwenkmodul 4 kann auch ein Drehschiebemodul 40, wie es in Fig. 6 der Zeichnung dargestellt ist, in das Karree der Gießanlage angeordnet werden. Das Drehschiebemodul 40 besteht aus einer drehbaren und radial verschiebbaren Säule, auf der Schienen 31 und antreibbare Transportelemente zur Führung des Manipulators 2 befestigt sind.
In der in Fig. 6 dargestellten Position des Drehschiebemoduls 40 werden zwei in Reihe geschaltete Transportmodule 3 miteinander verbunden, so daß die Manipulatoren 2 entsprechend verfahrbar sind. Soll dagegen ein Manipulator 2 auf das in der linken Bildhälfte der Fig. 6 angegebene Transportmodul 3 gebracht werden, so wird der Manipulator 2 zunächst auf das Drehschiebemodul 40 gefahren. Hiernach wird das Drehschiebemodul 40 um die Strecke A verschoben und anschließend um den Winkel B von 90° gedreht. Sodann wird das Drehschiebemodul 40 um eine weitere Strecke C verschoben, so daß das Drehschiebemodul 40 an das linke Transportmodul 3 angeschlossen ist. Der Manipulator 2 ist nunmehr auf das linke Transportmodul 3 fahrbar.
As an alternative to the swivel module 4, a rotary slide module 40, as shown in FIG. 6 of the drawing, can also be arranged in the square of the casting installation. The rotary slide module 40 consists of a rotatable and radially displaceable column on which rails 31 and drivable transport elements for guiding the manipulator 2 are fastened.
In the position of the rotary slide module 40 shown in FIG. 6, two transport modules 3 connected in series are connected to one another, so that the manipulators 2 can be moved accordingly. In contrast, if a manipulator 2 is to be brought onto the transport module 3 indicated in the left half of FIG. 6, the manipulator 2 is first moved onto the rotary slide module 40. The rotary slide module 40 is then shifted by the distance A and then rotated by the angle B of 90 °. Then the rotary slide module 40 is displaced by a further distance C, so that the rotary slide module 40 is connected to the left transport module 3. The manipulator 2 can now be moved onto the left transport module 3.

Eine Umlenkung eines Manipulators 2 auf das rechte Transportmodul 3 erfolgt, wie vorbeschrieben, in ähnlicher Weise. Lediglich anstatt einer Verschiebung auf der Strecke C erfolgt hierbei eine Rückführung bis zum Anschluß an das rechte Transportmodul 3.A redirection of a manipulator 2 to the right Transport module 3 takes place in a similar manner as described above Wise. Just instead of moving on the route C is here a return to Connection to the right transport module 3.

Anstatt eines Manipulators 2, an dem die Gießform 1 befestigt wird, kann auch die Gießform mit den zugehörigen Führungs- und Spannelementen eine eigenständige Gießeinheit bilden. Die Gießeinheit kann hierbei von den Transportmodulen 3, Schwenkmodulen 4 und/oder Drehschiebemodulen 40 der jeweiligen erforderlichen Arbeitsstation 5 zugeführt werden. Die Gießformbewegungen werden hierbei vorteilhaft von der jeweiligen Arbeitsstation 5 ausgeführt. Die jeweils verwendete Gießform ist hierbei über eine Codierung identifizierbar.Instead of a manipulator 2 on which the mold 1 is attached, the mold with the associated Guide and tensioning elements an independent Form the casting unit. The casting unit can be from the transport modules 3, swivel modules 4 and / or Rotary slide modules 40 of the respective required Workstation 5 are fed. The mold movements are advantageous here from the respective Workstation 5 running. The one used The casting mold can be identified by coding.

In dem vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Arbeitsstationen 5 zu einem Karree angeordnet. Selbstverständlich können die Arbeitsstationen auch in einer anderen Formatierung, wie beispielsweise als Vieleck etc., angeordnet werden.In the embodiment described above the work stations 5 are arranged in a square. Of course, the workstations also in another formatting, such as as a polygon, etc.

Bei dem vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel läuft der Gießprozeß über ein Karree im Kreislauf ab, wobei die Transportmodule 3 und die Schwenkmodule 4 aufgeständert sind, und die Manipulatoren 2 oberhalb der einzelnen Arbeitsstationen 5 verfahren werden. Alternativ können auch die Manipulatoren mit der Gießform auf dem Werkhallenboden und einer Lenkeinrichtung die einzelnen Arbeitsstationen entsprechend einem eingegebenen Programm für den Gießprozeß für die jeweils individuelle Gießform anfahren. Eingriffe in das Ablaufprogramm erfolgen hierbei zweckmäßig drahtlos von einer Leitzentrale.In the embodiment described above the casting process takes place in a circuit via a square, the transport modules 3 and the swivel modules 4 are elevated, and the manipulators 2 above the individual workstations 5 can be moved. alternative can also use the manipulators with the mold on the factory floor and a steering device the individual workstations according to an entered Program for the casting process for the individual Start up the mold. Interventions in the sequence program expediently take place wirelessly from one Control center.

Claims (17)

  1. Casting installation having a device for transporting the casting moulds (1), especially chill moulds, to the individual work stations (5), at least one casting mould (1) being arranged on a respective manipulator (2) and the manipulators (2) each having a separate drive, characterised in that a manipulator (2) or a casting unit is arranged on an autonomous mobile unit, the unit being provided with wheels and a steering device that is coupled to a control system, so that the manipulator or the casting unit can be conveyed to the work stations (5) required for an optimum work sequence for the individual casting.
  2. Casting installation according to claim 1, characterised in that a sensor-controlled steering device is provided.
  3. Casting installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the casting unit is provided with guiding and clamping elements, to enable coupling to the respective work station, the respective work station performing the required casting mould movement.
  4. Casting installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the manipulators (2) or casting units are arranged on individual series-connected transport modules (3) above the work stations (5), each transport module (3) being provided with a drive for movement of the manipulators (2) or casting unit.
  5. Casting installation according to claim 4, characterised in that the transport modules (3) are arranged in a rectangle, rendering circulation of the manipulators (3) or casting units possible, a pivoting module (4) or rotating and sliding module (40) being arranged at the comers of the rectangle, by means of which the direction of travel can be changed.
  6. Casting installation according to claim 5, characterised in that outside the rectangle there is constructed at least at one corner a further, external, pivoting module (4) or on the rectangle there is arranged a rotating and sliding module (40) as transfer station (41), with which manipulators (2) or casting units can be introduced into or removed from the rectangle.
  7. Casting installation according to claim 6, characterised in that further pivoting modules or rotating and sliding modules (40), at which the manipulators (2) or casting units are maintained, repaired and/or loaded with or emptied of chill moulds, are located on the outside and upstream of the pivoting module (4) or rotating and sliding module (40) acting as transfer station (41).
  8. Casting installation according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterised in that the transport module (3) and the pivoting module (4) carry guide elements, preferably rails (31), for guidance of a manipulator (2), and drivable transport elements, preferably conveyor belts (33), are provided for the procedure, as well as a releasable stop construction (34) and a limit switch (35) for the manipulators (2).
  9. Casting installation according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the work stations (5) are arranged so as to be exchangeable.
  10. Casting installation according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the manipulators (2) and/or the modules (3, 4, 40) as well as the work stations (5) are controlled centrally by an electrical and/or electronic device.
  11. Casting installation according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that each manipulator (2) has a separately programmable control and steering device, by which also the particular actuated work station (5) is controllable.
  12. Casting installation according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that each manipulator (2) or the self-contained casting unit is buffered with the required energy for at least one traversing operation and at least one work station (5) is provided for energy re-charging.
  13. Casting installation according to at least one of claims 5 to 12, characterised in that a plurality of pivoting modules (4) or rotating and sliding modules (40) are provided for crossing or branching of series of transport modules (3).
  14. Use of the casting installation according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that
    one or more casting moulds (1) are connected with a manipulator (2),
    the manipulator (2) starts up, under control, individual work stations (5) for casting mould preparation, for carrying out pouring and for removing the casting,
    the control for the required work sequence of the particular casting mould (1) or casting moulds connected is individually programmed so that the respective work stations (5) required are started up.
  15. Use of the casting installation according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that
    a casting unit is formed from one or more casting moulds (1) having the required guiding and clamping elements;
    the casting unit is supplied, under control, to individual work stations for casting mould preparation, for carrying out pouring and for removing the casting, the control being programmed individually for the required work sequence of the particular casting mould (1) or casting moulds present;
    the movements of the casting mould held by the casting unit are performed by the respective work station.
  16. Use of the casting installation according to claim 14 or 15, characterised in that the manipulator (2) or the casting unit is advanced, guided on rails by means of its own or an external drive, to the individual work stations (5).
  17. Use of the casting installation according to at least one of claims 14 to 16, characterised in that the particular casting mould (1) or casting moulds connected is/are identified by a coding.
EP98122500A 1997-12-13 1998-11-27 Flexible casting system Expired - Lifetime EP0930116B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19755551A DE19755551A1 (en) 1997-12-13 1997-12-13 Flexible casting system
DE19755551 1997-12-13

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EP0930116A1 EP0930116A1 (en) 1999-07-21
EP0930116B1 true EP0930116B1 (en) 2004-01-21

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DE (2) DE19755551A1 (en)

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DE102005040966B4 (en) * 2005-08-30 2010-04-08 Silaghi, Christine Apparatus and method for handling and handling accessories in a foundry

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US3977461A (en) * 1973-06-21 1976-08-31 General Motors Corporation Continuous mechanical iron pouring line
GB2223210B (en) * 1988-06-10 1992-12-23 Torvale Fisher Engineering Lim Material handling apparatus
DE4235604A1 (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-04-28 Wagner Heinrich Sinto Masch Molding machine
CH692222A5 (en) * 1996-08-23 2002-03-28 Kwc Ag Low-pressure die casting.

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DE19755551A1 (en) 1999-06-17
ATE258089T1 (en) 2004-02-15
DE59810628D1 (en) 2004-02-26
EP0930116A1 (en) 1999-07-21

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