EP0928011B1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Giessharztransformatoren und Giessharztransformator - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Giessharztransformatoren und Giessharztransformator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0928011B1 EP0928011B1 EP98124700A EP98124700A EP0928011B1 EP 0928011 B1 EP0928011 B1 EP 0928011B1 EP 98124700 A EP98124700 A EP 98124700A EP 98124700 A EP98124700 A EP 98124700A EP 0928011 B1 EP0928011 B1 EP 0928011B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- cast
- phenolic resin
- resin layer
- phenolic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 title claims description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- WMWXXXSCZVGQAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] WMWXXXSCZVGQAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- MWSKJDNQKGCKPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methyl-3a,4,5,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1CC(C)=CC2C(=O)OC(=O)C12 MWSKJDNQKGCKPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000031872 Body Remains Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009730 filament winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- DLMVDBDHOIWEJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanatooxyimino(oxo)methane Chemical compound O=C=NON=C=O DLMVDBDHOIWEJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 phenolic resin compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
- H01F27/327—Encapsulating or impregnating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
- H01F41/12—Insulating of windings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing transformers, in which the windings are cast in casting molds with a thermosetting cast resin mixture. This creates moisture-proof, tropicalized insulation, which also provides a high level of mechanical protection for the windings. Because of their good mechanical and electrical properties, epoxy resin hardener systems known per se are the preferred casting resins. Resins based on bismaleimide-triazine or epoxy-isocyanate are also used for this (Jürgen Bednarz; "Plastics in Electrical Engineering and Electronics", Verlag W. Kohlhammer, (1988), pp. 70-73).
- an appropriate amount of mineral fillers is added to the resin mixture to increase thermal conductivity, reduce shrinkage, and to adjust the coefficient of expansion of the resin mixture to that of the winding metals.
- the windings are cast in metal molds using either a vacuum casting or pressure gelation process with such a casting resin mixture and the mixture is then cured in this mold.
- problems with regard to flame resistance and in particular the development of flue gas in the event of a fire or an external fire In order to achieve the required flame resistance of the cast body, fillers and additives are added to the cast resin mixtures, which impair the flammability of the resin systems.
- the preferred substance added is aluminum oxide hydrate. As a result, however, both the mechanical (bending tensile strength, crack initiation strength) and the electrical properties in the long-term behavior of the castings are deteriorated.
- Resins made transformers consist in that their outer surfaces with a Phenolic resin layer can be provided by such as a phenolic resin paint or Phenolic resin laminate would be applied to the outer surface.
- the cast resin transformers are preferred directly provided with a phenolic resin layer during manufacture. This can be done in that the inner walls of the metal mold entirely or only to the extent that they are Relate outer surfaces of the cast resin molded body, provided with a phenolic resin layer be, this phenolic resin layer is a new form in which the Cast resin mixture is filled and after the hardening of the cast resin molded body remains on this.
- This phenolic resin layer can be a phenolic resin lacquer layer known per se or a filled phenolic resin compound evenly applied in a thin layer. In both In some cases, the phenolic resin is not yet fully cross-linked, but will be after Casting process hardened together with the casting resin.
- the phenolic resin layer preferably consists of a sheet material impregnated with phenolic resin, which can be uncrosslinked, pre-crosslinked or fully cured. Examples of this are uncrosslinked or hardened phenolic resin-impregnated papers, nonwoven fabrics or fabrics, which may have been preformed before curing.
- Filament Winding - manufactured wound pipe sections which serve in particular as the outer shell of the transformers.
- a particular embodiment of the present invention is that the Casting mold consists of a preformed laminate and after the casting and Hardening process remains as a lost mold on the cast resin molded body. This The process variant places higher demands on those made from phenolic resin Material prefabricated mold, however, the effort involved compensated that the expensive manufacture of metal molds can be avoided.
- this process variant has the further advantage that the production of Cast resin transformers are not tied to cycle times within which the Metal molds must be made available again for a new casting. Because of this No time pressure, cast resin systems can be used for a very long time Curing times and therefore very low temperature peaks during curing exhibit. The cast resin moldings produced in this way are therefore largely free of internal tensions.
- a further simplification of the method according to the invention is that lost forms from tubes based on phenolic resins with different Manufacture diameters. That are vacuum-tight on their top and bottom sides be sealed.
- the molds produced in this way can also be produced without complex Vacuum chamber evacuated and filled with casting resin using the vacuum casting process.
- phenolic resins for the phenolic resin layers produced according to the invention all commercially available condensation products from aldehydes and phenolic Products. The most favorable properties in terms of fire however achieved when using phenol-formaldehyde resins. Be used both alkaline condensed resoles, which are self-curing, and acidic condensed novolaks in a manner known per se with a hardening agent be used. Preferred curing agents for novolaks are resols and / or Hexamethylenetetramine (Hexa). Because novolak-hexa mixtures only at temperatures harden above those that occur during the hardening of the casting resins Temperature peaks are, such systems are only used when as Forms of hardened laminates or pipes can be used.
- test rods With the dimensions 100 x 15 x 10 mm are produced. These test rods are clamped vertically in accordance with UL 94 and exposed to flame for 2 x 10 s. The smoke density is observed during this flame treatment. The afterburn time is then determined.
- the same epoxy resin hardener system diglycidyl ether based on bisphenol A and methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride is used in all experiments. The individual variants and the results are given in the following list:
- Epoxy resin with 65% quartz powder is poured into a metal mold, the Inner walls are lined with a hardened phenolic resin glass laminate. The Outer surfaces of the resulting test rod are reinforced with a Phenolic resin layer.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Insulating Of Coils (AREA)
Description
Aufgrund ihrer guten mechanischen und elektrischen Eigenschaften sind an sich bekannte Epoxidharz- Härter-Systeme die bevorzugten Gießharze. Aber auch Harze auf Bismaleinimid-Triazin- oder Epoxid-Isocyanat-Basis werden hierfür eingesetzt (Jürgen Bednarz; "Kunststoffe in der Elektrotechnik und Elektronik", Verlag W.Kohlhammer, (1988), S. 70-73).
Die Wicklungen werden in Gießformen aus Metall entweder im Vakuumgieß- oder im Druckgelierverfahren mit einer derartigen Gießharzmischung vergossen und die Mischung dann in dieser Form ausgehärtet.
Bei allen dieser eingesetzten Gießharzsysteme bestehen aber Probleme hinsichtlich der Flammfestigkeit und insbesondere der Rauchgasentwicklung im Falle eines Brandes oder einer äußeren Brandeinwirkung.
Um die geforderte Flammfestigkeit der Gießkörper zu erzielen, werden den Gießharzmischungen Füll- und Zusatzstoffe beigegeben, die die Brennbarkeit der Harzsysteme verschlechtern. Der bevorzugt zugegebene Stoff ist Aluminiumoxyid-hydrat. Dadurch werden aber sowohl die mechanischen (Biegezugfestigkeit, Rißeinleitfestigkeit) als auch die elektrischen Eigenschaften im Langzeitverhalten der Gießlinge verschlechtert.
Beispiele hierfür sind unvernetzte oder gehärtete phenolharzimprägnierte Papiere, Faservliese oder Gewebe, die gegebenenfalls vor der Härtung schon vorgeformt sind. Bevorzugt eingesetzt werden vorgeformte, d.h., der äußeren Form des Gießharzkörpers entsprechende, Phenolharzpapiere oder phenolharzimprägnierte Prepregs aus bevorzugt Glasfaservliesen, die ein- oder mehrlagig verwendet werden können, aus derartigen Prepregs hergestellte, der äußeren Form des Gießharzkörpers entsprechend vorgeformte und gehärtete Laminate, die ebenfalls ein- oder mehrlagig sein können oder mittels Laminiertechnologie wie z. B. im Filament Winding - Verfahren hergestellte gewickelte Rohrabschnitte, die insbesondere als Außenhülle der Transformatoren dienen.
Eingesetzt wird in allen Versuchen das gleiche Epoxidharz-Härter-System (Diglycidylether auf Basis Bisphenol A und Methyltetrahydrophthalsäureanhydrid). Die einzelnen Varianten und die Ergebnisse sind in der folgenden Aufstellung angegeben:
Claims (8)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gießharztransformatoren durch Vergießen der Wicklungen mit einer gefüllten oder ungefüllten duroplastischen Harzmischung auf Epoxidharzbasis dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Außenflächen oder die gesamten Oberflächen der Gießharzformkörper mit einer verstärkten oder unverstärkten Phenolharzschicht versehen werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Innenwände der Gießform vollständig oder partiell mit einer Phenolharzschicht versehen werden, wobei diese Phenolharzschicht eine neue Form darstellt, in die die Gießharzmischung gefüllt wird und die nach Aushärten des Gießharzformkörpers auf diesem verbleibt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die in der Metallform befindliche Phenolharzschicht noch nicht vollständig ausgehärtet ist und ihre vollständige Aushärtung zusammen mit der Aushärtung des Gießharzformkörpers erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die in der Metallform befindliche Phenolharzschicht ein vorgeformtes, der äußeren Form des Gießharzkörpers entsprechendes phenolharzimprägniertes Prepreg ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Phenolharzschicht bereits vor dem Vergießen vollständig ausgehärtet ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die in der Metallform befindliche Phenolharzschicht ein vorgeformtes, der äußeren Form des Gießharzformkörpers entsprechendes phenolharzhaltiges Laminat ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gießform aus einem vorgeformten phenolharzhaltigen Laminat besteht und nach dem Gieß- und Härtungsvorgang als verlorene Form auf dem Gießharzformkörper verbleibt.
- Gießharztransformator auf Basis einer gefüllten oder ungefüllten duroplastischen Harzmischung Epoxidharzbasis, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß seine Außenflächen oder seine gesamten Oberflächen mit einer verstärkten oder unverstärkten Phenolharzschicht versehen sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19758213 | 1997-12-31 | ||
| DE19758213A DE19758213A1 (de) | 1997-12-31 | 1997-12-31 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gießharztransformatoren |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0928011A2 EP0928011A2 (de) | 1999-07-07 |
| EP0928011A3 EP0928011A3 (de) | 1999-12-08 |
| EP0928011B1 true EP0928011B1 (de) | 2004-08-11 |
Family
ID=7853573
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98124700A Expired - Lifetime EP0928011B1 (de) | 1997-12-31 | 1998-12-25 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Giessharztransformatoren und Giessharztransformator |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0928011B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1230757A (de) |
| BR (1) | BR9805694A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19758213A1 (de) |
| TW (1) | TW590867B (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100310150B1 (ko) * | 1999-07-26 | 2001-09-29 | 윤종용 | 전자렌지의 트랜스포머용 코일의 수지성형방법 |
| WO2009128724A1 (en) | 2008-04-14 | 2009-10-22 | Aker Engineering & Technology As | Rotary transformer |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1141405A (en) * | 1965-09-27 | 1969-01-29 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd | Insulating method for electrical machinery and apparatus |
| JPS5616514A (en) * | 1979-07-20 | 1981-02-17 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Thermosetting resin varnish |
| JPS62132615A (ja) * | 1985-12-06 | 1987-06-15 | Toho Shiitofureemu Kk | 複合熱源による耐防火パネルの製造装置 |
-
1997
- 1997-12-31 DE DE19758213A patent/DE19758213A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-12-25 EP EP98124700A patent/EP0928011B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-25 DE DE59811791T patent/DE59811791D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-30 BR BR9805694-8A patent/BR9805694A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-12-30 CN CN98111663A patent/CN1230757A/zh active Pending
-
1999
- 1999-01-11 TW TW087121887A patent/TW590867B/zh active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19758213A1 (de) | 1999-07-01 |
| TW590867B (en) | 2004-06-11 |
| EP0928011A3 (de) | 1999-12-08 |
| BR9805694A (pt) | 2000-03-28 |
| EP0928011A2 (de) | 1999-07-07 |
| CN1230757A (zh) | 1999-10-06 |
| DE59811791D1 (de) | 2004-09-16 |
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