EP0927982A1 - Alimentation de transducteur - Google Patents

Alimentation de transducteur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0927982A1
EP0927982A1 EP97122991A EP97122991A EP0927982A1 EP 0927982 A1 EP0927982 A1 EP 0927982A1 EP 97122991 A EP97122991 A EP 97122991A EP 97122991 A EP97122991 A EP 97122991A EP 0927982 A1 EP0927982 A1 EP 0927982A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transmitter
current
rectifier circuit
circuit
active
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97122991A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0927982B2 (fr
EP0927982B1 (fr
Inventor
Martin PFÄNDLER
Bernd Strütt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Endress and Hauser Group Services Deutschland AG and Co KG
Original Assignee
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
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Application filed by Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG filed Critical Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Priority to EP97122991A priority Critical patent/EP0927982B2/fr
Priority to DE59710058T priority patent/DE59710058D1/de
Priority to US09/217,241 priority patent/US6133822A/en
Priority to CA002257585A priority patent/CA2257585C/fr
Priority to JP11000089A priority patent/JP2999469B2/ja
Publication of EP0927982A1 publication Critical patent/EP0927982A1/fr
Publication of EP0927982B1 publication Critical patent/EP0927982B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0927982B2 publication Critical patent/EP0927982B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
    • G08C19/02—Electric signal transmission systems in which the signal transmitted is magnitude of current or voltage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transmitter supply device for supply a transmitter with electrical energy from a DC voltage source via a two-wire connection, over that in the opposite direction that detected by the transmitter Measured value by a variable between two limit values Direct current is transmitted, whereby for electrical isolation into the connection between the transmitter and the DC voltage source a transformer is inserted, whose primary winding via a chopper to the DC voltage source is connected and a secondary winding Rectifier circuit connected to their Output connections one by rectifying the over the Transmitters of chopped electricity generated direct current with the size determined by the transmitter delivers.
  • a transmitter supply unit of this type is designed to one located in a hazardous area passive transmitter with a two-wire connection to supply electrical energy and at the same time the transmission of the measurement signal supplied by the passive transmitter in the form of a variable between two limit values To allow current signal in the opposite direction.
  • the current signal is between 4 mA and 20 mA variable.
  • a passive transmitter contains not its own electrical voltage source, but it relates the energy required for its operation via the two-wire connection from a remote DC voltage source, and it forms the measurement signal in that it the DC voltage source in addition to the supply current takes a supplementary flow, which is dimensioned so that the total current drawn from the DC voltage source corresponds to the current signal transmitted between the both limit values of, for example, 4 and 20 mA.
  • This current signal can also communication signals superimposed in the form of impulsive changes which means that digital data is transmitted in both directions can be. Since the total current is only in one Direction, namely from the voltage source to the transmitter is transmitted is a galvanic isolation between the Voltage source and the transmitter through a transformer possible by taking from the DC voltage source Total current according to the principle of a DC converter chopped on the primary side of the transmitter and on the Secondary side of the transformer is rectified. A such galvanic isolation is a particularly advantageous one Protective measure for transmitters used in potentially explosive atmospheres Zones are arranged.
  • the galvanic isolation by means of the Transformer of a DC converter does not allow only the transmission of the direct current supply and the Measured value representative DC signal, but also the bidirectional transmission of communication signals in Form of impulsive changes superimposed on the total current provided that the chopper frequency is significantly higher than the frequency of the communication signals.
  • An active transmitter differs of a passive transmitter in that it is connected to a own electrical energy supply and the measurement signal in the form of the variable between two limit values DC signal from this own energy supply generated and released at its outputs. It is not possible, the DC signal supplied by the active transmitter in the direction of transmission of the DC / DC converter to transmit in the opposite direction.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a transmitter-feeding device of the type specified at the outset, while maintaining caused by the galvanic isolation Protective measure either with a passive transmitter or can be operated with an active transmitter.
  • this object is achieved in that for connecting an active transmitter to its Output connections a direct current with the measured value representative size supplies, between the output terminals the rectifier circuit and for connecting the active transmitter certain terminals of the transmitter power supply one from the output current of the active transmitter controlled matching circuit is inserted, the Rectifier circuit loaded with a DC current proportional to the output current of the active transmitter is.
  • the one about the rectifier circuit and the transformer from the primary-side DC voltage source current drawn also contains the power required to operate the matching circuit required supply current.
  • the Total current can be the same as when loaded by a passive transmitter communication signals in the form of impulsive changes are superimposed on the bidirectional are transmitted via the transmitter.
  • the through the galvanic isolation protective measure for explosive Zones remains regardless of whether an active one or a passive transmitter is connected receive.
  • Fig. 1 of the drawing the right of the interrupted form Line A-A circuit components shown a transmitter power supply 10 according to the state of the art for supply a passive transmitter 11 with electrical energy from a DC voltage source 12 via the two conductors 13, 14 of a two-wire connection, via which in the opposite direction the measured value signal generated by the transmitter 11 is transmitted.
  • the two-wire connection 13, 14 is interrupted shown to indicate that they are of arbitrary Length can be. It connects the passive transmitter 11 with two terminals 15, 16 of the transmitter power supply 10.
  • the transmitter 11 contains a sensor for the one to be measured physical size and an electronic circuit for Conversion of the sensor signal into the measured value signal to be transmitted.
  • a passive transmitter does not contain its own Energy source, but it relates to the operation of the electronic circuit required energy over the Two-wire connection 13, 14 from the DC voltage source 12 in the remote transmitter supply unit 10.
  • Forms according to a common standard the transmitter 11 the measured value signal in that it off sets the current drawn from the DC voltage source 12 in such a way that the measured value is between 4 mA and 20 mA DC current is expressed.
  • the direct current is through an evaluation circuit arranged at the location of the DC voltage source 12 18 measured and to determine the measured value the physical quantity detected by the transmitter 11 is evaluated.
  • the transmitter 11 can be designed in this way be that he the current signal digital communication signals superimposed in the form of impulsive changes, so that Measured values and parameters are read and written digitally can be. There is then a requirement for such communication signals bidirectionally between the transmitter 11 and to transmit the evaluation circuit 18.
  • the passive transmitter 11 is in a potentially explosive atmosphere Zone is arranged, additional safety precautions must be taken to be hit.
  • the transmitter power supply shown in Fig. 1 10 is designed with such a galvanic isolation.
  • the transmitter power supply unit is electrically isolated 10 of Fig. 1 by a transformer 20 with a primary winding 21 and a secondary winding 22. Die DC voltage source 12 is between a center tap 23 the primary winding 21 and ground connected.
  • Die DC voltage source 12 is between a center tap 23 the primary winding 21 and ground connected.
  • Everyone who two outer connections 24 and 25 of the primary winding 21 via a switch 26 or 27 with one connection 28 of a resistor 29 connected to the other terminal Mass lies.
  • the two switches 26 and 27 are switched on a clock 30 with a relatively high clock frequency controlled by, for example, 200 kHz in push-pull, so that the switch 26 is open when the switch 27 is closed, and vice versa.
  • the rectifier circuit 31 via a fuse 34 connected voltage limiter 35, the Zener diode is shown.
  • certain terminals 15, 16 of the transmitter power supply protective resistors 38 and 39 are inserted.
  • the protective resistors 38, 39 prevent an increase of the current in the hazardous area via a permissible limit, and the voltage limiter 35 limits in connection with fuse 34 the voltage in the potentially explosive Zone to an allowable value.
  • the passive transducer 11 takes a direct current I MP from the rectifier circuit 31, the value of which is set in the range from 4 to 20 mA in such a way that it represents the measured value of the physical variable detected by the sensor.
  • This direct current is supplied via the transformer 20 from the direct voltage source 12, so that a direct current of the same size flows through the resistor 29 at a transmission ratio 1: 1 of the transformer 20.
  • the direct voltage dropping across the resistor 29 is thus proportional to the measuring current I MP set by the passive measuring transducer 11. It is fed to the evaluation circuit 18 connected to the connection 28.
  • the evaluation circuit 18 preferably contains a low-pass filter at the input, the cut-off frequency of which is set so that the clock frequency of the clock generator 30 is suppressed, but the superimposed pulse-shaped communication signals are transmitted.
  • Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of a transmitter supply device 40, which makes it possible to replace the passive transmitter 11 optionally connect an active transmitter 41.
  • an active transmitter contains its own electrical one Power supply, and it gives one of these at the output Voltage supply supplied direct current, its size again in the range from 4 to 20 mA the measured value from the sensor recorded physical size corresponds. It is immediate to recognize that it would not be possible to use the active transmitter 41 simply instead of the passive transmitter 11 to connect the terminals 15, 16 of the circuit arrangement of FIG. 1, because that supplied by the active transmitter 41 DC current could not go through the rectifier circuit 31 and the transmitter 20 to the primary side of the transmitter 20 be transmitted.
  • the transmitter power supply 40 therefore has two further terminals 42 and 43 to which the active transmitter 41 via the two conductors 44 and 45 of a two-wire connection connected.
  • FIG. 1 For simplification, only those on the secondary side are shown in FIG of the transformer 20 lying circuit components the transmitter power supply 40 shown; the on the Primary circuit components are with those of Fig. 1 identical. So much for the circuit components in FIG. 2 correspond to those of FIG. 1, they are designated by the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1, and they have the same function as before has been described in connection with FIG. 1. It is immediately recognize that for the passive transmitter 11th the same circuit arrangement as in FIG. 1 is present, with the only difference that between the connection 36 the rectifier circuit 31 and the protective resistor 38 a switch 50 is inserted. If the switch 50 in the position in which he is the rectifier circuit 31 via the protective resistor 38 with the terminal 15 connects, the circuit arrangement is that of Fig. 1 identical.
  • the changeover switch 50 when the changeover switch 50 is brought into the position shown in FIG. 2, it connects the connection 36 of the rectifier circuit 31 via a connecting conductor 51, an isolating capacitor 52, a protective resistor 53 and a diode 54 to the terminal 42.
  • the connection 37 of the rectifier circuit 31 is permanently connected to terminal 43 via a connecting conductor 55 and a protective resistor 56.
  • the active transducer 41 has its own electrical voltage supply, and it outputs a direct current I MA at the output, the size of which in the range from 4 to 20 mA corresponds to the measured value of the physical quantity detected by the sensor.
  • the matching circuit 60 includes a resistor 61 connected to the terminals 42 and 43 via the diode 54, a control circuit 62 whose input connections are connected to the connections of the resistor 61, and a controllable current source 63 connected between the connecting conductors 51 and 55, the control input of which is connected to the output of the control circuit 62.
  • the controllable current source 63 thus bridges the two output connections 36 and 37 of the rectifier circuit 31 when the changeover switch 50 assumes the position shown in FIG.
  • the control circuit 62 receives at the input a DC voltage which corresponds to the voltage drop across the resistor 61 caused by the current I MA , and it is designed so that its output signal adjusts the controllable current source 63 so that the current I MS taken from the rectifier circuit 31 corresponds to that of the active transmitter 41 supplied current I MA is proportional to a predetermined constant factor.
  • This factor preferably has the value 1, so that the current I MS is equal to the current I MA .
  • the current I MS taken from the rectifier circuit 31 has the same effect as the current I MP determined in the other position of the switch 50 by the passive measuring transducer 11: it is mirrored on the primary side of the transmitter 20 and causes a proportional voltage drop across the resistor 29 . This voltage drop is thus proportional to the measuring current I MA supplied by the active transmitter 41.
  • Fig. 3 shows the circuit diagram of an embodiment of the controllable Matching circuit 60 of FIG. 2.
  • the circuit components, which correspond to those of Fig. 2 are with the same reference numerals as in Fig. 2.
  • the controllable current source 63 is through a field effect transistor 70 formed in series with a resistor 71 is connected between the connecting conductors 51 and 55.
  • the control circuit 62 includes an operational amplifier 72, whose power supply connections with the connecting conductors 51 and 55 are connected so that the operational amplifier 72 from the rectifier circuit 31 with current is supplied when the switch 50 in the position is brought, the connection of the active transmitter 41st corresponds.
  • the inverting input of the operational amplifier 72 is connected to the connecting conductor via a resistor 73 55 connected.
  • a resistor 74 is inserted, via which both the one determined by the controllable current source 63 Current as well as the supply current of the operational amplifier 72 flows.
  • the non-inverting input of the Operational amplifier 72 is at the tap of a voltage divider connected from two resistors 75 and 76, the in series between that via the diode 54 with the terminal 42 connected connection of resistor 61 and connection 37 the rectifier circuit 31 are connected.
  • the output of operational amplifier 72 is at the gate terminal of the field effect transistor 70 connected.
  • the diode 54 is polarized so that it allows the current I MA supplied by the active transmitter 41 to flow in the forward direction via the resistor 61, but prevents a current flow from the transmitter supply device 40 to the active transmitter 41. Due to the current and voltage limitation already contained in the circuit of FIG. 1, when a passive transmitter is connected, there is sufficient security for the transmitter power supply unit because the maximum energy available in the event of a fault is too low to ignite a spark. When connecting an active transmitter, however, the case could arise that a current flowing from the transmitter supply device, which would be too weak in itself to ignite a spark, is superimposed on a current originating from the active transmitter outside the transmitter supply device, so that the The sum of the two currents could be sufficient to ignite a spark. This danger is eliminated by the diode 54 since it prevents a current from flowing from the transmitter supply unit to the active transmitter.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
EP97122991A 1997-12-30 1997-12-30 Alimentation de transducteur Expired - Lifetime EP0927982B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97122991A EP0927982B2 (fr) 1997-12-30 1997-12-30 Alimentation de transducteur
DE59710058T DE59710058D1 (de) 1997-12-30 1997-12-30 Messumformer-Speisegerät
US09/217,241 US6133822A (en) 1997-12-30 1998-12-21 Transducer supply
CA002257585A CA2257585C (fr) 1997-12-30 1998-12-29 Circuit d'alimentation de transducteur
JP11000089A JP2999469B2 (ja) 1997-12-30 1999-01-04 測定変換器給電装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97122991A EP0927982B2 (fr) 1997-12-30 1997-12-30 Alimentation de transducteur

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0927982A1 true EP0927982A1 (fr) 1999-07-07
EP0927982B1 EP0927982B1 (fr) 2003-05-07
EP0927982B2 EP0927982B2 (fr) 2011-11-23

Family

ID=8227901

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97122991A Expired - Lifetime EP0927982B2 (fr) 1997-12-30 1997-12-30 Alimentation de transducteur

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6133822A (fr)
EP (1) EP0927982B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2999469B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2257585C (fr)
DE (1) DE59710058D1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6778371B2 (en) 2000-09-30 2004-08-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device for supplying electrical power to detectors, control devices and signaling devices
WO2008052877A1 (fr) 2006-10-31 2008-05-08 Endress+Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Dispositif pour la détermination et/ou la surveillance d'au moins une grandeur de processus
DE102013103454A1 (de) * 2013-04-08 2014-10-09 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Messumformerspeisegerät, System zum Einsatz in der Automatisierungstechnik, sowie Verfahren zum Bedienen eines solchen Systems
EP3644019B1 (fr) * 2018-10-26 2021-01-27 KROHNE Messtechnik GmbH Appareil de mesure de terrain
DE102021127430A1 (de) 2021-10-21 2023-04-27 Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG Eigensicheres Feldgerät der Automatisierungstechnik

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10034684A1 (de) * 2000-07-17 2002-01-31 Endress Hauser Gmbh Co Meßeinrichtung zur Messung einer Prozeßvariablen
DE10152653B4 (de) * 2001-10-16 2005-06-02 Pepperl + Fuchs Gmbh Vorrichtung zur eigensicheren redundanten Strom-Spannungsversorgung
FR2863124B1 (fr) * 2003-11-27 2006-05-05 Giat Ind Sa Liaison logique pour unites de traitement
US7152781B2 (en) * 2003-12-01 2006-12-26 Advanced Technology Materials, Inc. Manufacturing system with intrinsically safe electric information storage
US7830155B2 (en) * 2005-10-05 2010-11-09 Chrysler Group Llc Two-wire active sensor interface circuit
DE102005055546A1 (de) * 2005-11-18 2007-05-24 Endress + Hauser Wetzer Gmbh + Co Kg Vorrichtung zur Übertragung eines Stromes und/oder eines Signals
DE102005062422A1 (de) * 2005-12-27 2007-07-05 Vega Grieshaber Kg Schaltkreis-Anordnung mit Exschutz
DE102007060555A1 (de) 2007-12-13 2009-06-18 Endress + Hauser Wetzer Gmbh + Co Kg Vorrichtung zur Übertragung von elektrischer Energie und Information
DE102018120878A1 (de) * 2018-08-27 2020-02-27 Endress+Hauser Conducta Gmbh+Co. Kg Sensor und Sensoranordnung

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3757195A (en) * 1972-08-11 1973-09-04 Honeywell Inc Isolated two wire signal transmitter
US3764880A (en) * 1972-05-08 1973-10-09 Rosemount Inc Two-wire current transmitter with isolated transducer circuit
DE3139963A1 (de) * 1980-11-27 1982-06-24 Hartmann & Braun Ag, 6000 Frankfurt "schaltungsanordnung zur galvanischen trennung von analogen gleichstromsignalen"

Family Cites Families (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4292633A (en) * 1978-11-24 1981-09-29 Robertshaw Controls Company Two-wire isolated signal transmitter
DE3207785A1 (de) † 1982-03-04 1983-09-15 Hartmann & Braun Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Schaltungsanordnung zur speisung eines messgroessenumformers
US5148144A (en) * 1991-03-28 1992-09-15 Echelon Systems Corporation Data communication network providing power and message information
WO1993005272A1 (fr) * 1991-09-07 1993-03-18 Phoenix Petroleum Services Ltd. Appareil de transmission de signaux destines a un appareillage par des conducteurs d'alimentation
DE59509491D1 (de) * 1995-05-24 2001-09-13 Endress Hauser Gmbh Co Anordnung zur leitungsgebundenen Energieversorgung eines Signalgebers vom Singnalempfänger

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3764880A (en) * 1972-05-08 1973-10-09 Rosemount Inc Two-wire current transmitter with isolated transducer circuit
US3757195A (en) * 1972-08-11 1973-09-04 Honeywell Inc Isolated two wire signal transmitter
DE3139963A1 (de) * 1980-11-27 1982-06-24 Hartmann & Braun Ag, 6000 Frankfurt "schaltungsanordnung zur galvanischen trennung von analogen gleichstromsignalen"

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
C.J. BURKITT: "2-Wire Temperature Transmitters offer Design Benefits", CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION., vol. 4, no. 2, February 1972 (1972-02-01), LONDON GB, pages 34 - 35, XP002068148 *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6778371B2 (en) 2000-09-30 2004-08-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device for supplying electrical power to detectors, control devices and signaling devices
WO2008052877A1 (fr) 2006-10-31 2008-05-08 Endress+Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Dispositif pour la détermination et/ou la surveillance d'au moins une grandeur de processus
US8354941B2 (en) 2006-10-31 2013-01-15 Endress + Hasuer Gmbh + Co. Kg Apparatus for determining and/or monitoring at least one process variable
DE102013103454A1 (de) * 2013-04-08 2014-10-09 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Messumformerspeisegerät, System zum Einsatz in der Automatisierungstechnik, sowie Verfahren zum Bedienen eines solchen Systems
US10116338B2 (en) 2013-04-08 2018-10-30 Endress + Hauser Wetzer Gmbh + Co. Kg Measuring transducer supply unit, system for use in automation technology, and method for operating such a system
EP3644019B1 (fr) * 2018-10-26 2021-01-27 KROHNE Messtechnik GmbH Appareil de mesure de terrain
DE102021127430A1 (de) 2021-10-21 2023-04-27 Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG Eigensicheres Feldgerät der Automatisierungstechnik

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0927982B2 (fr) 2011-11-23
JPH11288494A (ja) 1999-10-19
CA2257585C (fr) 2001-09-25
DE59710058D1 (de) 2003-06-12
EP0927982B1 (fr) 2003-05-07
US6133822A (en) 2000-10-17
JP2999469B2 (ja) 2000-01-17
CA2257585A1 (fr) 1999-06-30

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