EP0919783B1 - Device for programming a projectile inside a gun barrel - Google Patents

Device for programming a projectile inside a gun barrel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0919783B1
EP0919783B1 EP19980122026 EP98122026A EP0919783B1 EP 0919783 B1 EP0919783 B1 EP 0919783B1 EP 19980122026 EP19980122026 EP 19980122026 EP 98122026 A EP98122026 A EP 98122026A EP 0919783 B1 EP0919783 B1 EP 0919783B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
programming
projectile
reflector
gun barrel
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP19980122026
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0919783A1 (en
Inventor
Yannick Brisset
Eric Saturnin
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Giat Industries SA
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Giat Industries SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C17/00—Fuze-setting apparatus
    • F42C17/04—Fuze-setting apparatus for electric fuzes

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of projectile devices, in particular for field artillery or wholesale tank ammunition caliber.
  • the current projectiles are more and more often equipped with multi-mode rockets, impact, proximity, chronometric, which are adapted to different targets.
  • This type of projectiles it appears necessary, even essential, in order to increase the probabilities of attacks lethal target, to be able to transmit data to them relative to their potential target.
  • This data can be the nature and coordinates of the target, the trajectory, but also weather information ...
  • patent FR2608267 describes a device allowing the programming of a projectile by optical means.
  • This device requires optical emission means and means of monitoring the projectile up to the phase of programming.
  • the projectile must also have at its rear part means for receiving light signals. The follow-up of the projectile is binding, because until the programming the weapon system is inoperative and a very good barrier-free intervisibility between the projectile and the tracking means is required.
  • the programming of the projectile can be carried out when it is inside the gun barrel, either when it is still stationed, or when of its ballistic phase inside the tube.
  • patent EP0023365 proposes a measuring device the speed and / or programming of a projectile to inside a gun barrel.
  • the device provides for the installation of an antenna in a bore made in the wall of the barrel of the weapon or in the orifices muzzle brake.
  • the antenna which is connected to a source of energy, sends microwave radiation inside of the barrel. These microwave radiation allow the measurement of the initial velocity of the projectile and / or program it.
  • This device poses many problems.
  • the antenna being placed perpendicular to the axis from the barrel, the radiation from the source energy are diffused in all directions. Indeed, with this device the programming of the projectile is possible as well when this is in the tube the weapon only after its exit, therefore on trajectory. Only one small part of the radiation is therefore directed towards inside the tube towards the ammunition, which generates an unfavorable energy balance, therefore poor reliability of programming in the tube.
  • the subject of the invention is a device for programming a projectile inside a weapon barrel comprising a receiver secured to the projectile which is characterized in that it comprises a reflector integral with the weapon barrel and positioned in close proximity to the muzzle of the barrel, the reflector receiving waves sent by a transmitter placed outside the tube the weapon and reflecting them towards the inside of the tube tear.
  • the reflector is a mirror.
  • the reflector is a reflecting surface integral with a blade of a brake mouth.
  • the programming device comprises a transmission line between the transmitter and the reflector can be a coaxial line or a waveguide.
  • the frequency of the waves electromagnetic emission is greater than or equal to 2.5 GHz.
  • a weapon for example of large caliber, is conventionally composed of a tube 2 mounted on a cylinder head 3. Ammunition 4 is stationed at inside the tube 2, ready to be drawn.
  • the weapon 1 is equipped with a device programming of ammunition 4 composed of a transmitter electromagnetic waves 5 of the microwave type and a wave receiver 6.
  • the wave emitter 5 includes a wave generator 7 and a transmission line 9.
  • the wave generator 7 is positioned on the outside of the tube 2, so that the transmission line 9 opens substantially near the front end 10 of the tube 2.
  • the transmission line 9 here is a coaxial line which is preferably provided an antenna 8 at its front end in order to optimize the directivity of the waves emitted.
  • the wave receiver 6 is an antenna housed at the level of a rocket 14 of the ammunition 4. An electronic of received wave processing is also integrated into the ammunition 4.
  • a metal reflector 11 is mounted at the end of the tube 2, for example by screwing on the outside of the tube. he has a flat reflecting surface 12 inclined by relation to the axis XX 'of weapon 1 at an angle ⁇ less than 90 ° C, for example of the order of 60 ° C.
  • the reflector 11 has at least one radial opening 13 positioned at neighborhood of the reflecting surface 12. The angle ⁇ is chosen so that an incident ray on the surface reflecting is reflected towards the inside of the tube tear.
  • Programming or data transmission can also be carried out during the entire course of the projectile down the barrel to the mouth.
  • the device for programming a projectile according to the invention therefore does not require any machining which weakens the wall of the barrel.
  • Directed reflection of radiation from the surface reflective 12 towards the inside of the barrel allows improve the energy balance penetrating inside the gun barrel.
  • Elements sensitive to shooting constraints are distant from the mouth of the tube and could, alternatively, be placed outside of the muzzle, as on the vehicle turret, having a line of slightly longer transmission.
  • the reflector 11 could be a mirror fixed in front of the tube and oriented so as to direct the radiation inside the barrel of the weapon.
  • the coaxial line can be replaced by a waveguide which would assume the role of transmission line.
  • This waveguide would also positioned on the outside of the tube and its front end would be open.
  • the waveguide presents several advantages: on the one hand the energy losses during the transmission are less than with a coaxial line, and on the other hand its hardiness gives it a better mechanical protection against external aggressions.
  • end of the waveguide on the reflector side, it is possible to add a horn antenna intended to improve the radiation directivity.
  • Figure 2 shows the end of a weapon tube according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the tube 2 has at its front end a brake mouth 16 secured to the tube by means of a thread 17.
  • a nut 20 secures the assembly muzzle brake / tube.
  • the muzzle brake 16 has two groups of openings or gills 18a and 18b, here six in number per group.
  • the openings 18a, 18b are extended respectively by vanes 19a, 19b which each have a flat surface 21 and a concave surface 22 whose concavity is oriented towards the back of the gun.
  • the concavity of the vanes 19a, 19b is adopted, in a known manner, to compensate for the effort exerted by combustion gases.
  • the wave transmitter 5 and the receiver 6 described in the first embodiment shown in Figure 1 are included in this second embodiment but are not represented.
  • the front end of the line 9 will be placed near an opening 18a muzzle brake 16.
  • Concavity 22 of dawn 19a of the muzzle brake is defined so as to ensure the directivity of the radiation towards the interior of the tube tear.
  • the muzzle brake 16 is advantageously used as a reflector and the surface concave 22 of dawn 19a as a reflecting surface.
  • the angle of inclination or the radius of curvature of the reflective surface will be easily determined by humans of the trade according to the internal diameter of the tube 2 of the weapon, from the distance from the reflective surface to the front end 10 of the tube, as well as the place of reflection of the radiation on the reflecting surface.
  • a person skilled in the art will also easily define the bands usable frequencies. These depend on the diameter inner tube, dimensions of the brake opening mouth, surface and surface shape reflective, as well as the type of receiving antenna and the type of transmission lines. The most important criterion binding is the dimension of the brake opening of mouth. Thus, to allow the minimum attenuation of the signal when the wave passes from the outside to inside the tube through the opening 18a of the brake mouth, we will choose an emission wavelength less than or equal to twice the largest dimension of the opening.
  • a muzzle brake 16 shown partially and schematically, is secured to the front end of a tube 2 of a weapon.
  • the tube 2 is here a smooth tube with internal diameter D equal to 140 mm.
  • the muzzle brake 16 has at least one opening 18a of length L and width 1. It also presents, in front of the opening 18a, at least one blade 19 intended to compensate the effort exerted by the combustion gases.
  • the blade 19 has an inclined surface 23, of length h in projection on a plane perpendicular to the XX 'axis, forming a truncated cone and a concave surface 22.
  • the frustoconical surface 23, which receives a wave 15 emitted by a wave transmitter not shown and which will be described later has a half angle at the top ⁇ substantially equal to 60 ° C.
  • the angle ⁇ is the average of two angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2.
  • the angle ⁇ 1 corresponds to the minimum angle of inclination of the reflective surface 23 allowing the reflected wave 24 to penetrate into the core of the tube, without leaving through the openings 18a and the angle ⁇ 2 corresponds to the maximum angle allowing the reflected wave 25 penetrating into the core of the tube, without interfere with the front 10 of the tube.
  • reflected wave 15 by the surface 23, which is inclined at an angle ⁇ penetrates to inside the barrel of the weapon without interference according to a direction 26, then spreads in the latter until the ammunition.
  • the muzzle brake opening 18a has a length L equal to 60 mm which allows the reflected wave to penetrate at inside the tube core without interference.
  • the opening is positioned between the blade 19 and the front 10 of the tube 2.
  • Sa width 1 is 30 mm.
  • a lower emission wavelength or equal to twice the largest dimension of the opening here the length L of 60 mm.
  • the length L is the longest dimension of the opening.
  • ⁇ the wavelength of the radiation.
  • the wave transmitter will preferably be composed of a electromagnetic wave generator, capable of emitting under a frequency substantially equal to 10 GHz, of the klystron type or magnetron and a transmission line which could be a waveguide filled with air.
  • the wave receiver housed inside the projectile could be a thin "patch” type antenna.
  • the device can be used for weapons of any caliber, in particular for the programming of ammunition of means caliber, even small caliber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des dispositifs de programmation de projectiles, en particulier pour munitions d'artillerie de campagne ou de char de gros calibre.The technical field of the invention is that of projectile devices, in particular for field artillery or wholesale tank ammunition caliber.

Les projectiles actuels sont de plus en plus souvent équipés de fusées multi-modes, impact, proximité, chronométrique, qui sont adaptées à des cibles différentes. Pour ce type de projectiles il apparaít nécessaire, voire indispensable, afin d'augmenter les probabilités d'atteintes létales de la cible, de pouvoir leur transmettre des données relatives à leur cible potentielle. Ces données peuvent être la nature et les coordonnées de la cible, la trajectoire, mais aussi des informations météorologiques...The current projectiles are more and more often equipped with multi-mode rockets, impact, proximity, chronometric, which are adapted to different targets. For this type of projectiles it appears necessary, even essential, in order to increase the probabilities of attacks lethal target, to be able to transmit data to them relative to their potential target. This data can be the nature and coordinates of the target, the trajectory, but also weather information ...

Les munitions de gros calibre, dites "intelligentes", équipées de senseurs infrarouges pour leur guidage terminal, ainsi que les munitions équipées d'un GPS, peuvent également bénéficier de la transmission de telles données.Large caliber ammunition, called "intelligent", equipped with infrared sensors for their terminal guidance, as well as ammunition equipped with a GPS, can also benefit from the transmission of such data.

La programmation d'un projectile sur trajectoire est connue dans l'état de la technique.The programming of a projectile on trajectory is known in the state of the art.

Par exemple, le brevet FR2608267 décrit un dispositif permettant la programmation d'un projectile par voie optique. Ce dispositif nécessite des moyens d'émission optique et des moyens de suivi du projectile jusqu'à la phase de programmation. Le projectile doit également posséder à sa partie arrière un moyen de réception des signaux lumineux. Le suivi du projectile est contraignant, car jusqu'à la programmation le système d'arme est inopérant et une très bonne intervisibilité sans obstacle entre le projectile et le moyen de suivi est nécessaire.For example, patent FR2608267 describes a device allowing the programming of a projectile by optical means. This device requires optical emission means and means of monitoring the projectile up to the phase of programming. The projectile must also have at its rear part means for receiving light signals. The follow-up of the projectile is binding, because until the programming the weapon system is inoperative and a very good barrier-free intervisibility between the projectile and the tracking means is required.

Afin d'éviter ces contraintes, la programmation du projectile peut être effectuée lorsqu'il est à l'intérieur du tube de l'arme, soit lorsqu'il est encore à poste, soit lors de sa phase balistique à l'intérieur du tube.In order to avoid these constraints, the programming of the projectile can be carried out when it is inside the gun barrel, either when it is still stationed, or when of its ballistic phase inside the tube.

Ainsi le brevet EP0023365 propose un dispositif de mesure de la vitesse et/ou de programmation d'un projectile à l'intérieur d'un tube d'arme. Pour celà, le dispositif prévoit la mise en place d'une antenne dans un alésage réalisé dans la paroi du tube de l'arme ou dans les orifices du frein de bouche. L'antenne, qui est reliée à une source d'énergie, envoie des rayonnements micro-ondes à l'intérieur du tube de l'arme. Ces rayonnements micro-ondes permettent la mesure de la vitesse initiale du projectile et/ou de programmer celui-ci.Thus patent EP0023365 proposes a measuring device the speed and / or programming of a projectile to inside a gun barrel. For this, the device provides for the installation of an antenna in a bore made in the wall of the barrel of the weapon or in the orifices muzzle brake. The antenna, which is connected to a source of energy, sends microwave radiation inside of the barrel. These microwave radiation allow the measurement of the initial velocity of the projectile and / or program it.

Ce dispositif pose de nombreux problèmes.This device poses many problems.

Tout d'abord l'usinage d'un alésage dans le tube d'une arme n'est guère favorable à sa tenue mécanique et risque de perturber la balistique intérieure puis extérieure du projectile.First the machining of a bore in the tube of a weapon is hardly favorable to its mechanical behavior and risk of disrupt the ballistics inside then outside projectile.

De plus, la mise en oeuvre technique de ce dispositif est difficile et nécessite de nombreuses pièces supplémentaires.In addition, the technical implementation of this device is difficult and requires many additional parts.

Ensuite, les tirs successifs engendrent des ondes de chocs, des vibrations, des températures et des pressions très élevées au niveau de la bouche du tube de l'arme. L'antenne située à proximité de la bouche du tube est donc soumise à ces contraintes et perturbations qui peuvent entraíner des problèmes techniques.Then, successive shots generate waves of shock, vibration, temperature and pressure very raised at the muzzle of the barrel. The antenna located near the mouth of the tube is therefore subject to these constraints and disturbances which can cause technical problems.

Enfin, l'antenne étant placée perpendiculairement à l'axe du tube de l'arme, les rayonnements issus de la source d'énergie sont diffusés dans toutes les directions. En effet, avec ce dispositif la programmation du projectile est possible aussi bien lorsque celui-ci est dans le tube de l'arme qu'après sa sortie, donc sur trajectoire. Seule une faible partie des rayonnements est donc dirigée vers l'intérieur du tube en direction de la munition, ce qui engendre un bilan d'énergie défavorable, donc une mauvaise fiabilité de la programmation dans le tube.Finally, the antenna being placed perpendicular to the axis from the barrel, the radiation from the source energy are diffused in all directions. Indeed, with this device the programming of the projectile is possible as well when this is in the tube the weapon only after its exit, therefore on trajectory. Only one small part of the radiation is therefore directed towards inside the tube towards the ammunition, which generates an unfavorable energy balance, therefore poor reliability of programming in the tube.

C'est le but de l'invention que de proposer un dispositif de programmation d'un projectile dans le tube d'une arme, dispositif qui soit simple, peu coûteux, insensible aux contraintes du tir, d'une fiabilité importante et ne nécessitant aucun usinage au niveau de l'âme du tube de l'arme.It is the object of the invention to propose a device programming a projectile in the barrel of a weapon, device that is simple, inexpensive, insensitive to constraints of the shooting, of an important reliability and do not requiring no machining at the core of the tube tear.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet un dispositif de programmation d'un projectile à l'intérieur d'un tube d'arme comprenant un récepteur solidaire du projectile qui est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un réflecteur solidaire du tube de l'arme et positionné à proximité immédiate de la bouche du tube de l'arme, le réflecteur recevant des ondes envoyées par un émetteur disposé à l'extérieur du tube de l'arme et les réfléchissant vers l'intérieur du tube de l'arme.Thus the subject of the invention is a device for programming a projectile inside a weapon barrel comprising a receiver secured to the projectile which is characterized in that it comprises a reflector integral with the weapon barrel and positioned in close proximity to the muzzle of the barrel, the reflector receiving waves sent by a transmitter placed outside the tube the weapon and reflecting them towards the inside of the tube tear.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation, le réflecteur est un miroir.According to a first embodiment, the reflector is a mirror.

Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation, le réflecteur est une surface réfléchissante solidaire d'une aube d'un frein de bouche.According to a second embodiment, the reflector is a reflecting surface integral with a blade of a brake mouth.

Le dispositif de programmation selon l'invention comporte une ligne de transmission entre l'émetteur et le réflecteur pouvant être une ligne coaxiale ou un guide d'ondes.The programming device according to the invention comprises a transmission line between the transmitter and the reflector can be a coaxial line or a waveguide.

Préférentiellement, la fréquence des ondes électromagnétiques émises est supérieure ou égale à 2,5 GHz.Preferably, the frequency of the waves electromagnetic emission is greater than or equal to 2.5 GHz.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description de modes particuliers de réalisation, faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • La figure 1 représente une coupe schématique partielle d'un tube d'arme selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention.
  • La figure 2 représente, en coupe, l'extrémité avant d'un tube d'arme muni d'un frein de bouche selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention.
  • La figure 3 représente schématiquement en demi-coupe une aube d'un frein de bouche selon une variante de réalisation de l'invention.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description of particular embodiments, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 shows a partial schematic section of a weapon tube according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 represents, in section, the front end of a weapon tube provided with a muzzle brake according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 3 shows schematically in half-section a blade of a muzzle brake according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.

En se reportant à la figure 1, une arme 1, par exemple de gros calibre, est composée de façon classique d'un tube 2 monté sur une culasse 3. Une munition 4 est à poste à l'intérieur du tube 2, prête à être tirée.Referring to Figure 1, a weapon 1, for example of large caliber, is conventionally composed of a tube 2 mounted on a cylinder head 3. Ammunition 4 is stationed at inside the tube 2, ready to be drawn.

Selon l'invention, l'arme 1 est équipée d'un dispositif de programmation de la munition 4 composé d'un émetteur d'ondes électromagnétiques 5 du type micro-ondes et d'un récepteur d'ondes 6.According to the invention, the weapon 1 is equipped with a device programming of ammunition 4 composed of a transmitter electromagnetic waves 5 of the microwave type and a wave receiver 6.

L'émetteur d'ondes 5 comporte un générateur d'ondes 7 et une ligne de transmission 9. Le générateur d'ondes 7 est positionné sur l'extérieur du tube 2, de telle façon que la ligne de transmission 9 débouche sensiblement à proximité de l'extrémité avant 10 du tube 2. La ligne de transmission 9 est ici une ligne coaxiale qui est munie préférentiellement d'une antenne 8 à son extrémité avant afin d'optimiser la directivité des ondes émises.The wave emitter 5 includes a wave generator 7 and a transmission line 9. The wave generator 7 is positioned on the outside of the tube 2, so that the transmission line 9 opens substantially near the front end 10 of the tube 2. The transmission line 9 here is a coaxial line which is preferably provided an antenna 8 at its front end in order to optimize the directivity of the waves emitted.

Le récepteur d'ondes 6 est une antenne logée au niveau d'une fusée 14 de la munition 4. Une électronique de traitement des ondes reçues est également intégrée dans la munition 4.The wave receiver 6 is an antenna housed at the level of a rocket 14 of the ammunition 4. An electronic of received wave processing is also integrated into the ammunition 4.

Un réflecteur métallique 11 est monté à l'extrémité du tube 2, par exemple par vissage sur l'extérieur du tube. Il comporte une surface réfléchissante 12 plane et inclinée par rapport à l'axe XX' de l'arme 1 d'un angle α inférieur à 90°C, par exemple de l'ordre de 60°C. Le réflecteur 11 comporte au moins une ouverture radiale 13 positionnée au voisinage de la surface réfléchissante 12. L'angle α est choisi de telle façon qu'un rayon incident sur la surface réfléchissante soit réfléchi vers l'intérieur du tube de l'arme.A metal reflector 11 is mounted at the end of the tube 2, for example by screwing on the outside of the tube. he has a flat reflecting surface 12 inclined by relation to the axis XX 'of weapon 1 at an angle α less than 90 ° C, for example of the order of 60 ° C. The reflector 11 has at least one radial opening 13 positioned at neighborhood of the reflecting surface 12. The angle α is chosen so that an incident ray on the surface reflecting is reflected towards the inside of the tube tear.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif de programmation selon l'invention est le suivant:

  • le générateur d'ondes 7 émet un rayonnement 15 qui est conduit par la ligne de transmission 9 en direction du réflecteur 11.
  • le rayonnement 15 impacte la surface réfléchissante 12 du réflecteur 11 puis, en raison de l'inclinaison de la surface réfléchissante, est réfléchi en direction de l'intérieur du tube 2 de l'arme.
  • enfin, le tube 2 joue un rôle de guide d'ondes et transporte le rayonnement 15 en direction de l'antenne réceptrice 6 de la munition 4.
The operation of the programming device according to the invention is as follows:
  • the wave generator 7 emits radiation 15 which is conducted by the transmission line 9 towards the reflector 11.
  • the radiation 15 impacts the reflecting surface 12 of the reflector 11 then, due to the inclination of the reflecting surface, is reflected towards the interior of the barrel 2 of the weapon.
  • finally, the tube 2 acts as a waveguide and transports the radiation 15 in the direction of the receiving antenna 6 of the ammunition 4.

Le rayonnement 15, transporté jusqu'au récepteur 6 de la munition 4, permet ainsi de transmettre des données et/ou de programmer la munition avant le tir effectif de cette dernière, pendant qu'elle est encore à poste à l'intérieur du tube de l'arme.The radiation 15, transported to the receiver 6 of the ammunition 4, thus makes it possible to transmit data and / or program the ammunition before the effective fire of this last while she is still stationed inside the gun barrel.

La programmation ou la transmission de données peut également être effectuée pendant tout le trajet du projectile dans le tube de l'arme, jusqu'à la bouche.Programming or data transmission can also be carried out during the entire course of the projectile down the barrel to the mouth.

Le dispositif de programmation d'un projectile selon l'invention ne nécessite donc aucun usinage fragilisant la paroi du tube de l'arme.The device for programming a projectile according to the invention therefore does not require any machining which weakens the wall of the barrel.

La réflexion dirigée du rayonnement par la surface réfléchissante 12 vers l'intérieur du tube de l'arme permet d'améliorer le bilan d'énergie pénétrant à l'intérieur du tube de l'arme.Directed reflection of radiation from the surface reflective 12 towards the inside of the barrel allows improve the energy balance penetrating inside the gun barrel.

Les éléments sensibles aux contraintes de tir, comme le générateur d'ondes, sont éloignés de la bouche du tube et pourraient, en variante, être placés hors de la bouche à feu, comme sur la tourelle du véhicule, en ayant une ligne de transmission légèrement plus longue.Elements sensitive to shooting constraints, such as the wave generator, are distant from the mouth of the tube and could, alternatively, be placed outside of the muzzle, as on the vehicle turret, having a line of slightly longer transmission.

En variante, le réflecteur 11 pourrait être un miroir fixé en avant du tube et orienté de façon à diriger le rayonnement à l'intérieur du tube de l'arme.Alternatively, the reflector 11 could be a mirror fixed in front of the tube and oriented so as to direct the radiation inside the barrel of the weapon.

Selon une autre variante, la ligne coaxiale peut être remplacée par un guide d'ondes qui assurerait le rôle de ligne de transmission. Ce guide d'ondes serait également positionné sur l'extérieur du tube et son extrémité avant serait ouverte. Le guide d'ondes présente plusieurs avantages: d'une part les pertes d'énergie pendant la transmission sont moindres qu'avec une ligne coaxiale, et d'autre part sa rusticité lui confère une meilleure protection mécanique vis à vis des agressions externes. En bout du guide d'ondes, du côté du réflecteur, il est possible de rajouter une antenne cornet destinée à améliorer la directivité du rayonnement.According to another variant, the coaxial line can be replaced by a waveguide which would assume the role of transmission line. This waveguide would also positioned on the outside of the tube and its front end would be open. The waveguide presents several advantages: on the one hand the energy losses during the transmission are less than with a coaxial line, and on the other hand its hardiness gives it a better mechanical protection against external aggressions. In end of the waveguide, on the reflector side, it is possible to add a horn antenna intended to improve the radiation directivity.

La figure 2 représente l'extrémité d'un tube d'arme selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention.Figure 2 shows the end of a weapon tube according to a second embodiment of the invention.

Le tube 2 comporte à son extrémité avant un frein de bouche 16 rendu solidaire du tube par l'intermédiaire d'un filetage 17. Un écrou 20 assure le blocage de l'ensemble tube/frein de bouche.The tube 2 has at its front end a brake mouth 16 secured to the tube by means of a thread 17. A nut 20 secures the assembly muzzle brake / tube.

Le frein de bouche 16 comporte deux groupes d'ouvertures ou d'ouïes 18a et 18b, ici au nombre de six par groupe. Les ouvertures 18a, 18b sont prolongées respectivement par des aubes 19a, 19b qui présentent chacune une surface plane 21 et une surface concave 22 dont la concavité est orientée vers l'arrière de l'arme. La concavité des aubes 19a, 19b est adoptée, de façon connue, pour compenser l'effort exercé par les gaz de combustion.The muzzle brake 16 has two groups of openings or gills 18a and 18b, here six in number per group. The openings 18a, 18b are extended respectively by vanes 19a, 19b which each have a flat surface 21 and a concave surface 22 whose concavity is oriented towards the back of the gun. The concavity of the vanes 19a, 19b is adopted, in a known manner, to compensate for the effort exerted by combustion gases.

L'émetteur d'ondes 5 et le récepteur 6 décrits dans le premier mode de réalisation représenté à la figure 1 sont repris dans ce second mode de réalisation mais ne sont pas représentés. Avantageusement, l'extrémité avant de la ligne de transmission 9 sera placée à proximité d'une ouverture 18a du frein de bouche 16.The wave transmitter 5 and the receiver 6 described in the first embodiment shown in Figure 1 are included in this second embodiment but are not represented. Advantageously, the front end of the line 9 will be placed near an opening 18a muzzle brake 16.

Le rayonnement 15, issu de l'émetteur 5, impacte l'aube 19a qui joue ici le rôle de surface réfléchissante, puis est réfléchi et pénètre à l'intérieur de l'âme du tube 2 en traversant l'une des ouvertures 18a. La concavité 22 de l'aube 19a du frein de bouche est définie de façon à assurer la directivité du rayonnement vers l'intérieur du tube de l'arme. Le tube 2, qui sert alors de guide d'ondes, transmet le rayonnement 15 jusqu'à l'antenne réceptrice de la munition 4 en permettant ainsi la programmation de cette dernière.The radiation 15, coming from the transmitter 5, impacts the dawn 19a which here acts as a reflecting surface, then is reflected and penetrates inside the core of the tube 2 in passing through one of the openings 18a. Concavity 22 of dawn 19a of the muzzle brake is defined so as to ensure the directivity of the radiation towards the interior of the tube tear. Tube 2, which then serves as a waveguide, transmits radiation 15 to the receiving antenna of the ammunition 4 thus allowing the programming of the latter.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, le frein de bouche 16 est avantageusement utilisé comme réflecteur et la surface concave 22 de l'aube 19a comme surface réfléchissante.In this embodiment, the muzzle brake 16 is advantageously used as a reflector and the surface concave 22 of dawn 19a as a reflecting surface.

L'angle d'inclinaison ou le rayon de courbure de la surface réfléchissante sera déterminé facilement par l'homme du métier en fonction du diamètre interne du tube 2 de l'arme, de la distance de la surface réfléchissante à l'extrémité avant 10 du tube, ainsi que de l'endroit de réflexion du rayonnement sur la surface réfléchissante.The angle of inclination or the radius of curvature of the reflective surface will be easily determined by humans of the trade according to the internal diameter of the tube 2 of the weapon, from the distance from the reflective surface to the front end 10 of the tube, as well as the place of reflection of the radiation on the reflecting surface.

L'homme du métier définira également aisément les bandes de fréquences utilisables. Celles-ci dépendent du diamètre interne du tube, des dimensions de l'ouverture du frein de bouche, de la surface et de la forme de la surface réfléchissante, ainsi que du type d'antenne réceptrice et du type de lignes de transmission. Le critère le plus contraignant est la dimension de l'ouverture du frein de bouche. Ainsi, pour permettre le minimum d'atténuation du signal lors du passage de l'onde de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur du tube au travers de l'ouverture 18a du frein de bouche, l'on choisira une longueur d'onde d'émission inférieure ou égale à deux fois la plus grande dimension de l'ouverture.A person skilled in the art will also easily define the bands usable frequencies. These depend on the diameter inner tube, dimensions of the brake opening mouth, surface and surface shape reflective, as well as the type of receiving antenna and the type of transmission lines. The most important criterion binding is the dimension of the brake opening of mouth. Thus, to allow the minimum attenuation of the signal when the wave passes from the outside to inside the tube through the opening 18a of the brake mouth, we will choose an emission wavelength less than or equal to twice the largest dimension of the opening.

Ainsi, en référence à la figure 3, un frein de bouche 16, représenté partiellement et de manière schématique, est solidarisé à l'extrémité avant d'un tube 2 d'une arme. Le tube 2 est ici un tube lisse de diamètre interne D égal à 140 mm.Thus, with reference to FIG. 3, a muzzle brake 16, shown partially and schematically, is secured to the front end of a tube 2 of a weapon. The tube 2 is here a smooth tube with internal diameter D equal to 140 mm.

Le frein de bouche 16 présente au moins une ouverture 18a de longueur L et largeur 1. Il présente également, en avant de l'ouverture 18a, au moins une aube 19 destinée à compenser l'effort exercé par les gaz de combustion.The muzzle brake 16 has at least one opening 18a of length L and width 1. It also presents, in front of the opening 18a, at least one blade 19 intended to compensate the effort exerted by the combustion gases.

L'aube 19 comporte une surface inclinée 23, de longueur h en projection sur un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe XX', formant un tronc de cône et une surface concave 22. La surface tronconique 23, qui reçoit une onde 15 émise par un émetteur d'ondes non représenté et qui sera décrit ultérieurement, présente un demi-angle au sommet α sensiblement égal à 60°C. L'angle α est la moyenne de deux angles α1 et α2. Pour une onde 15 émise à une distance fixe de la paroi du tube 2 (par exemple à une distance h/2) l'angle α1 correspond à l'angle minimal d'inclinaison de la surface réfléchissante 23 permettant à l'onde réfléchie 24 de pénétrer dans l'âme du tube, sans sortir par les ouvertures 18a et l'angle α2 correspond à l'angle maximal permettant à l'onde réfléchie 25 de pénétrer dans l'âme du tube, sans interférer sur l'avant 10 du tube. Ainsi l'onde 15 réfléchie par la surface 23, qui est inclinée d'un angle α, pénètre à l'intérieur du tube de l'arme sans interférence selon une direction 26, puis se propage dans ce dernier jusqu'à la munition.The blade 19 has an inclined surface 23, of length h in projection on a plane perpendicular to the XX 'axis, forming a truncated cone and a concave surface 22. The frustoconical surface 23, which receives a wave 15 emitted by a wave transmitter not shown and which will be described later has a half angle at the top α substantially equal to 60 ° C. The angle α is the average of two angles α1 and α2. For a wave 15 emitted at a fixed distance from the wall of tube 2 (for example at a distance h / 2) the angle α1 corresponds to the minimum angle of inclination of the reflective surface 23 allowing the reflected wave 24 to penetrate into the core of the tube, without leaving through the openings 18a and the angle α2 corresponds to the maximum angle allowing the reflected wave 25 penetrating into the core of the tube, without interfere with the front 10 of the tube. So reflected wave 15 by the surface 23, which is inclined at an angle α, penetrates to inside the barrel of the weapon without interference according to a direction 26, then spreads in the latter until the ammunition.

L'ouverture 18a du frein de bouche présente une longueur L égale à 60 mm qui permet à l'onde réfléchie de pénétrer à l'intérieur de l'âme du tube sans interférence. L'ouverture est positionnée entre l'aube 19 et l'avant 10 du tube 2. Sa largeur 1 est de 30 mm.The muzzle brake opening 18a has a length L equal to 60 mm which allows the reflected wave to penetrate at inside the tube core without interference. The opening is positioned between the blade 19 and the front 10 of the tube 2. Sa width 1 is 30 mm.

Pour permettre le minimum d'atténuation du signal lors du passage de l'onde de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur du tube au travers de l'ouverture 18a du frein de bouche, on choisira une longueur d'onde d'émission inférieure ou égale à deux fois la plus grande dimension de l'ouverture, ici la longueur L de 60 mm. En effet, selon le principe de Babinet (antenne à fente), un rayonnement au travers d'une ouverture de longueur L est total lorsque L > λ / 2, λ étant la longueur d'onde du rayonnement. Ainsi, sachant que λ= C / F, C étant la célérité et F la fréquence, la fréquence minimale d'utilisation permettant un taux de pénétration du signal à l'intérieur du tube qui soit satisfaisant, sera supérieure à C / 2L, soit supérieure ou égale à 2,5 GHz.To allow the minimum signal attenuation during the passage of the wave from the outside to the inside of the tube through the opening 18a of the muzzle brake, a lower emission wavelength or equal to twice the largest dimension of the opening, here the length L of 60 mm. Indeed, according to the Babinet principle (slot antenna), radiation through an opening of length L is total when L > λ / 2, λ being the wavelength of the radiation. Thus, knowing that λ = C / F , C being the speed and F the frequency, the minimum frequency of use allowing a penetration rate of the signal inside the tube which is satisfactory, will be greater than C / 2 L , is greater than or equal to 2.5 GHz.

Les moyens d'émission et de réception des ondes seront aisément définis par l'homme du métier.The means of emission and reception of the waves will be easily defined by a person skilled in the art.

Pour l'exemple de réalisation défini ci-dessus, l'émetteur d'ondes sera préférentiellement composé d'un générateur d'ondes électromagnétiques, pouvant émettre sous une fréquence sensiblement égale à 10 GHz, de type klystron ou magnétron et d'une ligne de transmission qui pourra être un guide d'ondes rempli d'air.For the example of implementation defined above, the wave transmitter will preferably be composed of a electromagnetic wave generator, capable of emitting under a frequency substantially equal to 10 GHz, of the klystron type or magnetron and a transmission line which could be a waveguide filled with air.

Le récepteur d'ondes logé à l'intérieur du projectile pourra être une antenne mince de type "patch".The wave receiver housed inside the projectile could be a thin "patch" type antenna.

Bien entendu, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, le dispositif peut être utilisé pour des armes de tout calibre, en particulier pour la programmation de munitions de moyen calibre, voire de petit calibre.Of course, without departing from the scope of the invention, the device can be used for weapons of any caliber, in particular for the programming of ammunition of means caliber, even small caliber.

Claims (7)

  1. Device to programme a projectile (4) inside a gun barrel (2), device comprising a receiver (6) integral with the projectile and wherein it incorporates a reflector (11) integral with the gun barrel and positioned immediately next to the gun barrel muzzle, the reflector receiving the waves (15) transmitted by the transmitter (5) arranged on the outside of the gun barrel and reflecting them towards the inside of the gun barrel.
  2. A programming device according to Claim 1, wherein the reflector (11) is a mirror.
  3. A programming device according to Claim 1, wherein the reflector (11) is a reflective surface integral with a vane (19) of the muzzle brake (16).
  4. A programming device according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein it incorporates a transmission line (9) between the transmitter (5) and the reflector (11).
  5. A programming device according to Claim 4, wherein the transmission line (9) is a coaxial line.
  6. A programming device according to Claim 4, wherein the transmission line (9) is a waveguide.
  7. A programming device according to any one of Claim 1 to 6, wherein the frequency of the electromagnetic waves transmitted is greater than or equal to 2.5 GHz.
EP19980122026 1997-11-28 1998-11-20 Device for programming a projectile inside a gun barrel Expired - Lifetime EP0919783B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9714973A FR2771807B1 (en) 1997-11-28 1997-11-28 DEVICE FOR PROGRAMMING A PROJECTILE INSIDE A WEAPON TUBE
FR9714973 1997-11-28

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EP0919783A1 EP0919783A1 (en) 1999-06-02
EP0919783B1 true EP0919783B1 (en) 2003-02-05

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EP19980122026 Expired - Lifetime EP0919783B1 (en) 1997-11-28 1998-11-20 Device for programming a projectile inside a gun barrel

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EP (1) EP0919783B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69811187T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2771807B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8984999B2 (en) 2010-02-01 2015-03-24 Rheinmetall Air Defence Ag Programmable ammunition

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005031749A1 (en) * 2005-07-07 2007-01-11 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Non lethal, programmable and / or storable projectile
DE102010006529B4 (en) 2010-02-01 2013-12-12 Rheinmetall Air Defence Ag Method and device for transmitting energy to a projectile
DE102010006528B4 (en) * 2010-02-01 2013-12-12 Rheinmetall Air Defence Ag Method and device for programming a projectile

Family Cites Families (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4283989A (en) 1979-07-31 1981-08-18 Ares, Inc. Doppler-type projectile velocity measurement and communication apparatus, and method
FR2608267B1 (en) 1986-12-11 1992-12-31 Seat Bourges Sa OPTICALLY PROGRAMMABLE AMMUNITION AND WEAPON SYSTEM INCLUDING APPLICATION
DE3835889A1 (en) * 1988-08-22 1990-03-01 Rheinmetall Gmbh Device for fuze setting
DE3835678A1 (en) * 1988-10-20 1990-04-26 Asea Brown Boveri Tube-weapon system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8984999B2 (en) 2010-02-01 2015-03-24 Rheinmetall Air Defence Ag Programmable ammunition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2771807A1 (en) 1999-06-04
DE69811187D1 (en) 2003-03-13
EP0919783A1 (en) 1999-06-02
DE69811187T2 (en) 2003-07-24
FR2771807B1 (en) 1999-12-31

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