EP0918711B1 - Conteneur a ordures et procede de manipulation d'ordures - Google Patents

Conteneur a ordures et procede de manipulation d'ordures Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0918711B1
EP0918711B1 EP97915494A EP97915494A EP0918711B1 EP 0918711 B1 EP0918711 B1 EP 0918711B1 EP 97915494 A EP97915494 A EP 97915494A EP 97915494 A EP97915494 A EP 97915494A EP 0918711 B1 EP0918711 B1 EP 0918711B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
transfer
waste
truck
transfer container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97915494A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0918711A1 (fr
Inventor
Jorma Toivonen
Pekka Ristola
Hannu Alho
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JORPELEHTO OY
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Recytec Oy
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Publication of EP0918711A1 publication Critical patent/EP0918711A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F9/00—Transferring of refuse between vehicles or containers with intermediate storage or pressing

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is a method for handling waste transfer container equipped with guide rails for co-operation with guide rails of a container hoisting equipment, the method comprising the following steps:
  • waste such as household waste or industrial waste
  • Municipal waste which is then transported by a waste collection truck either to a landfill site or to a refuse incineration plant for combustion.
  • the new Waste Management Act requires sorting and recovery of waste.
  • Wastes can, in principle, be separated at any stage, but the most reasonable and perhaps also the most economical way is to separate waste at source. This type of waste separation is so-called source separation.
  • source separation In this case, different types of waste are collected one type at a time by a waste collection truck and taken, for example, to a landfill site, an incinerator, a glassworks, or a steelworks.
  • a more advantageous system is to collect wastes at source by means of a waste collection truck and take them to a transfer station, where the wastes are transferred to a larger container, i.e. to a transfer container and are then taken on, for example, to a landfill site.
  • the present transfer stations have, however, been built only for the transfer loading of unsorted municipal waste, so the transfer loading of sorted waste is not possible at these transfer stations.
  • the document DE-A-0 243 316 presents a method for the transportation of waste.
  • waste is collected at source by a waste collecting truck and brought to the transfer station, where the waste will be tipped into the container, which is in an upright position.
  • the hatch will be closed and the the container will be lifted to a horizontal position onto a transfer truck.
  • the container On the truck the container is located the hatch against the cabin of the truck. Therefore the container must be provided with another hatch for emptying at the opposite end of the container.
  • Two hatches in one container has disadvantages.
  • the structure of the container is more complicated and It is almost impossible to get the bottom hatch impermeable for preventing leakage.
  • Another disadvantage is that the container must have a straight cylinder form. It is because the container is filled via one end and emptied via another end. The waste must go all the way through the container but when doing so it can be easily stucked.
  • the purpose of the invention is to create a new, more advantageous way of transporting waste. It is characteristic of the method relating to the invention that
  • the transfer container is kept tightly shut except when filling and emptying the container. In this way, the waste handling is closed so that it that does not cause a nuisance in its environment.
  • the transfer container is turned into an upright position and back into a horizontal position around the tilting axis of the transfer container.
  • Empty containers are lowered off by a transfer truck or a container handling vehicle. They are equipped with transfer container hoisting equipment, such as a cable lifting device for demountable bodies, hooklift or a corresponding system. The lowering is performed at an angle of 30° to 85° to the horizontal plane, for example, the most advantageous angle being approximately 60°.
  • the transfer container is turned into an upright position, the hatch at its upper end is opened and a filling hopper is aligned with the container, and the transfer container is ready for filling.
  • the hopper also at the same time functions as a so-called buffer storage, because the collection truck and the transfer container are not always filled or emptied simultaneously.
  • the transfer containers may also be of different lengths. Therefore, the hopper above the container may, for example, also be such that it can be moved hydraulically in a vertical direction.
  • a transfer station includes a mechanism that turns the transfer container into a vertical position for the filling of the container and that turns the container back into a horizontal position after filling.
  • Wastes are loaded into the transfer container by driving the collection truck onto a horizontal loading platform, where the truck tips the wastes into a round transfer container directly or through a hopper. Waste can also be loaded into the containers by means of a conveyor system. At the transfer loading stage, it is also possible to use a waste crusher. At larger transfer stations, the waste brought in can also be weighed. Collection trucks bringing in the waste can be directed centrally from the control room according to waste material and type of waste so that wastes are taken to the right containers.
  • Waste is brought to a transfer station by a transfer truck, which tips its waste load into a transfer container.
  • a transfer truck which tips its waste load into a transfer container.
  • a compactor which can, if necessary, be taken to the point where the transfer container is located.
  • the compactor presses the waste in a transfer container.
  • Compacting of waste is repeated several times during the filling of a transfer container, because the transfer containers to be filled are large in size.
  • the end of the transfer container that rests on the ground is closed, and at the opposite end of it there is a tight closing mechanism that prevents the occurrence of nuisance impacts such as leakage and odours.
  • Waste is compacted in the transfer container while the container is in a vertical position. Compacting is done with a compactor moving on guide rails above the transfer containers. The container is filled from the end of larger diameter, and the waste is compacted towards the end of smaller diameter. As the container is also emptied from the larger diameter end, the conical shape of the container makes it easier to empty.
  • Transfer container handling vehicle which removes a full container from the filling site and replaces it with an empty container. From the storage area, the containers are further transferred to different sites by articulated vehicles.
  • a transfer truck which is a truck with a demountable body or similar vehicle, lowers the container at an angle, the most advantageous being approximately 60°. After lowering, the container is moved to a vertical position hydraulically using a simple lever mechanism. When removing a container, the above-mentioned stages take place in reverse order, in which case a transfer container is first turned into a tilted position and then lifted. A transfer truck takes the transfer container directly to its destination or transfers it to a so-called storage area.
  • a transfer truck picks up the container.
  • the truck lifts the transfer container and transfers the waste in the container to the final storage or reuse site.
  • the container's hatch is opened.
  • the transfer container is emptied by tilting it, the conical shape of the container making emptying easier. It is possible to lift a transfer container by, for example, a cable- or hooklift.
  • a lifting lug has been attached to at least one end of the container. The lug is attached at approximately 1400-1600 mm height from the ground. According to common practice in Finland, the lug is at 1570 mm height from the ground.
  • a full transfer container is taken by transfer truck from the transfer station to a landfill site, an incinerator, a hazardous waste handling plant, a glassworks, a steelworks or other final storage or recycling site.
  • the transportation of a transfer container is possible with the vehicles in use at present, including equipment that is known as such, and that is suitable for rail transport as well as sea and container transport.
  • a transfer container is emptied by opening the hatch which is at the end of larger diameter and tipping the container. Thanks to its conical shape, the container empties easily.
  • Another object of the invention is a waste container including
  • transfer containers relating to the invention are conical and round transfer containers, which are filled and emptied at the same end, that of larger diameter, which is directed upwards during filling.
  • the end of smaller diameter facing the ground is solid and closed, thus preventing any leakage into the ground.
  • a transfer station can in principle be situated anywhere, for example, in a town.
  • a transfer container can also be equipped with a compacting unit attached to it, in which case the transfer container can be used as such as a waste receptacle.
  • Figure 1 shows a waste collection truck 30 and receptacles 31 meant for the sorting of waste, in which waste is sorted at source.
  • the receptacles 31 in the example in Figure 1 are meant for glass, wood and metal.
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagrammatic view of a waste management, in which the central features are a waste transfer station 32 with the transfer containers 33. Waste that has been sorted is brought by waste collection truck from receptacles 31 to the transfer station 32, in which each type of waste has its own dedicated transfer container 33.
  • receptacles 31 for iron-, glass-, bio-, wood- and paper waste there are receptacles 31 for iron-, glass-, bio-, wood- and paper waste.
  • Empty transfer containers 33 are conveyed from the intermediate store 60 for empty containers to the transfer station 32 either by the upper or lower route, as described in more detail below. Transportation by the upper route is shown by a broken line.
  • the transfer containers 33 When the transfer containers 33 are full, they can be transferred to the intermediate store 61 for full containers or taken to their final storage or treatment plant 34, which, in the example in Figure 2, are a steel or other metalworks, a landfill site, a composting site, a glassworks and an incinerator. Full transfer containers 33 are transported either by the upper or lower route. Transportation by the upper route is shown by a broken line.
  • Figure 3 shows the emptying of the container 35 of a waste truck 30 into the transfer container 33 situated at a transfer station. It can be seen from the Figure that a transfer container 33 is placed in an upright position on a lower level in such a way that the waste collection truck 30 can tip the waste directly into the transfer container 33.
  • Figure 4 shows the compacting stage in a transfer container 33, in which the compactor 36, which is moved on guide rails 37, has been positioned above the transfer container. Next, the piston 38 of the compactor 36 presses down the waste in the transfer container 33 from above. After the compacting stage, more waste can again be tipped into the transfer container 33.
  • a transfer container can be equipped with a tight hatch 41, which is closed after completion of filling and compacting.
  • FIG. 5 shows a transfer container 33 seen from the side.
  • the transfer container 33 is conical and it has been fitted with guide rails 39, which correspond, for example, to the guide rails in a demountable body so that the transfer container 33 can be lifted onto the transfer truck, which is, for example, a truck equipped with known devices for lifting a demountable body.
  • the transfer container 33 is also equipped with lifting lugs 40a and 40b for the hooklift.
  • the transfer container 33 is dosed, and the lifting lug 40a at that end has been attached to the bottom of the container.
  • a hatch 41 At that end of the transfer container which is of larger diameter, there is a hatch 41, to which the lifting lug at that end has been attached.
  • the hatch 41 has been linked to the transfer container 33 by means of a hinge 42, and the hatch 41 is opened by a hydraulic cylinder 43.
  • Figure 6 shows the transfer container 33 in Figure 5 with the hatch 41 open
  • Figure 7 shows the transfer container 33 seen from the closed smaller-diameter end.
  • the Figure shows the lifting lug 40a attached to the closed bottom of the transfer container 33.
  • Figure 8 shows the transfer container 33 in Figure 5 seen from the larger-diameter end, so that the openable hatch 41 and the attached lifting lug 40b can be seen in the Figure.
  • Figure 9 shows the lifting or lowering of a transfer container 33.
  • the transfer container 33 is in a tilted position resting on the tilting device 44.
  • the tilting device 44 is supported on an axle 64 so that the device 44 and with it the container 33 can be turned by means of the hydraulic cylinder 45 from the inclined lifting position shown in Figure 9 to a vertical position and back.
  • a transfer container 33 is lowered using the lifting cable 47 of the transfer truck 46, and the cable 47 is unfastened. After that, the transfer container 33 is turned to an upright position using a tilting device 44, as shown, for example, in Figure 3. The upright position is used when waste is being tipped into the container 33. After the transfer container 33 has been filled with waste it is again turned to the inclined position in Figure 9 using the tilting device 44 and lifted onto the transfer truck 46 with the lifting cable 47.
  • Figure 10 shows from the side the transfer container tilting device 44, which is part of the transfer station, and the hydraulic cylinder 45 that adjusts its position.
  • Figure 11 shows the tilting device 44 in Figure 10 seen from the direction of the container.
  • Figure 12 shows the upper part of a transfer container 33, which is at the transfer station 32 with the hatch 41 open. On top of the open upper part of the transfer container 33 has been placed a filling hopper 48a, which can be moved vertically on guide rails 49a and 49b.
  • Figure 13 shows the hopper 48a in Figure 12 seen from above.
  • Figure 14 shows from above the first transfer container 33 which is at a transfer station 32 and a filling hopper 48b according to a second embodiment which in Figure 14 is shown above another transfer container.
  • the filling hopper 48b can, however, be tumed around the axis 50 so that it is above the first transfer container 33 which has no hopper in Figure 14. In this way, one filling hopper 48b can be used alternately with two transfer containers that are adjacent to each other.
  • Figure 15 shows the compactor 36 of a transfer container seen from the side.
  • the compactor 36 can be moved sideways on guide rails 37 above any transfer container that is within the reach of the guide rails. After this, the waste in the transfer container can be compacted into a smaller space with the piston.
  • Figure 16 shows the compactor 36 in Figure 15 seen from the other side.
  • Figure 17 shows a side view of a transfer container 33b, with channels 51 incorporated, through which heating or cooling medium can be passed.
  • heating or cooling medium can be passed.
  • the container can also be equipped with heat insulation in a manner known as such.
  • Figure 18 shows the transfer container 33b in Figure 17 and its heating or cooling channels 51 seen from the end of the container.
  • Figure 19 shows from the side a transfer container 33c, the sides of which are fitted with axles 52.
  • the transfer container 33c can be tilted on these axles.
  • Figure 20 shows the transfer container 33c in Figure 19 seen from the end.
  • Figure 21 shows a side view of a transfer container 33d, with a compacting unit 53 fitted, in which case the transfer container 33d can be used as such as a waste receptacle.
  • Figure 22 shows from the side the lifting or lowering of a transfer container 33 using a hooklift 54 in a transfer truck 46. It can be seen from the Figure that it is necessary to tilt the transfer container 33 with a hydraulic cylinder 45 in order to make it possible for the hook 55 of the hooklift 54 to grip the lug 40b of the transfer container 33.
  • the lug 40b must be high enough above the level 56 of the transfer truck 46.
  • Figures 23 and 24 show the first position of a transfer container 33 in a pit 57 in the ground 56 at the transfer station 32.
  • the transfer container can be moved out of sight conveniently. It is also easier to construct a pit 57 than a loading structure of any other kind.
  • the pit 57 is also cool during summer, which reduces the fermentation of the waste in the transfer container 33.
  • the transfer container 33 is lifted as described in solutions presented above.
  • Figure 25 shows the use of a transfer container 33 as a compostor.
  • a rotatable agitator 58 has been attached to the piston 38 of the compactor 36 with locking elements.
  • An air hose 59 has been led to the agitator 58 so that while waste is agitated in the compostor, air is also blown in with a agitator/aerator.
  • Figures 26 and 27 show the lifting of a transfer container 33 to an upright position using the compactor piston 38.
  • the transfer container 33 is first in a horizontal position on guide rails 62.
  • the hook 63 attached to the piston 38 grabs the lug 40b of the transfer container 33, lifting the container to an almost upright position, as shown in Figure 27.
  • the guide rails 62 are two-piece elements comprising a vertical part 62b and a horizontal part 62a.
  • the vertical part 62b of the guide rails is supported by the axle 64, so that it can be pulled away from the horizontal part 62a by a drive cylinder 45.
  • Figure 29 shows a side view of transfer containers 33 at a transfer station 32.
  • the transfer containers are in an upright position, as container 33a, but one transfer container 33b has been turned into a horizontal position using a tilting device 44.
  • a waste truck 30 is above one transfer container in position, ready to tip the waste into the container.
  • a filling hopper 48 At the opening of the transfer container above the transfer container there is a filling hopper 48, which channels the waste tipped by the waste truck 30 into the transfer container.
  • Above the adjacent transfer container there is also a filling hopper in place, and also a compactor 36 equipped with a piston 38 to pack the waste tightly into the transfer container.
  • Figure 30 shows a transfer station 32 seen from the other side. It can be seen from the Figure that waste trucks 30a and 30b drive onto a platform 70 at the transfer station 32.
  • a transfer truck 30a is tipping waste through a hopper 48 into a transfer container 33a, which is in an upright position. Behind, there is also a compactor 36, which is moved aside from the hopper 48 when the waste truck 30a tips waste into the hopper. Behind the transfer container 33a, which is in an upright position, there is also a transfer container 33b which has already been turned to a horizontal position and which is thus ready to be lifted onto the transfer truck 46.
  • Figure 31 shows a transfer station 32 with a horizontal transfer container 33. It can be seen from the Figure that the hopper 48 has been lifted aside when the transfer container 33 is being turned from an upright position into a horizontal position or vice versa.
  • Figure 32 shows a transfer truck 46, which is grabbing the lug 40a at the closed end of the transfer container 33 with a hooklift 54.
  • a transfer container 33 is lifted onto the body of the transfer truck 46 with the opposite end first to that in the embodiment in Figure 2.
  • the advantage of this embodiment is that the hatch 41 of the transfer container 33 remains at the rear end of the transfer truck 46, in which case the transfer container 33 can be emptied by tipping, using the tipping device of the transfer truck 46.
  • Figure 33 shows an embodiment in which the tilting device 44 of the waste container 33 does not include a hydraulic cylinder or similar actuator. It has been replaced by a cable 47, which is used to tilt the transfer container. This method is shown in more detail in the following Figures 34 and 35.
  • Figure 34 shows that the cable 47 of the tilting device 44 of the transfer container 33 has been connected to the hook of the transfer truck's 46 hooklift 54. By pulling the cable 47, the transfer container 33 can be tilted and turned to a horizontal position, as is shown in the next Figure 35.
  • Figure 36 shows a transfer station that is placed in a pit 57.
  • both the waste collection truck 30 and the transfer truck 46 shown in the next Figure 37 can operate on the ground level 56.
  • a guiding hopper 48 that is placed at the upper end of the transfer container has been attached to the tilting device 44 of the transfer container 33. It can be incorporated in the tilting device 44, because it moves with the transfer container 33 when tilted.
  • the tilting device 44 can be equipped with a tilting actuator, such as a hydraulic cylinder 45 for turning the transfer container into a horizontal position.
  • a tilting actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder 45 for turning the transfer container into a horizontal position.
  • Figures 40 to 42 show a transfer container 33 which has been placed in a pit 57 and whose tilting device 44 is operated by the transfer truck 46 and a cable 47.
  • Figures 41 and 42 show in stages how the tilting device 44 and the transfer container 33 attached to it can be turned to an upright position by pulling the cable 47. The Figures do not show in more detail how the transfer container 33 is further lifted onto the transfer truck 46.
  • the tilting device 44 is to remain in the horizontal position as seen in Figure 41, some kind of locking device is needed to keep the tilting device 44 in this position.

Claims (5)

  1. Conteneur de transfert d'ordures (33), comprenant
    des rails de guidage (39) solidaires des rails de guidage d'un équipement de levage de conteneurs (47, 54),
    une porte (41) permettant le remplissage du conteneur
    des moyens de levage (40),
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'extrémité inférieure du conteneur de transfert (33) est fermée et que l'extrémité opposée du conteneur est équipée d'une porte (41) permettant de remplir et de vider le conteneur
    que l'extrémité équipée d'une porte (41) a un diamètre plus large que l'extrémité inférieure, de façon à ce que le conteneur (33), vu selon une coupe transversale perpendiculaire à la porte, ait la forme d'une cale, de préférence la forme d'un cône tronqué
    et que les deux extrémités du conteneur (33) soient équipées d'anneaux de levage (40a, 40b) pour l'équipement de levage (47, 54) d'un camion de transport (46) ou d'un véhicule de manutention de conteneurs.
  2. Conteneur de transfert d'ordures (33) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les parois du conteneur de transfert (33) sont munies de canaux de chauffage et/ou de refroidissement (51).
  3. Méthode permettant de manutentionner un conteneur de transfert d'ordures (33) selon la revendication 1 et comprenant les phases suivantes :
    le conteneur de transfert (33) est placé sur un site de remplissage (32) par un camion de transfert (46) ou par un véhicule de manutention de conteneurs muni d'un équipement de levage de conteneurs (47, 54) ;
    le conteneur de transfert (33) est placé dans une position verticale de façon à ce que l'extrémité équipée d'une porte (41) pointe vers le haut pour permettre le remplissage du conteneur ;
    le conteneur de transfert (33) est enlevé du site de remplissage (32) par un camion de transfert (46) ou par un véhicule de manutention de conteneurs, en levant le conteneur, à l'aide d'un équipement de levage de conteneurs (47, 54), à l'horizontale sur un camion de transfert (46) ou sur un véhicule de manutention de conteneurs, alors que
    le conteneur de transfert (33) ayant, selon une coupe transversale perpendiculaire à la porte, la forme d'une cale, est placé sur un site de remplissage (32) par l'équipement de levage de conteneurs (47, 54) d'un camion de transfert (46) ou par un véhicule de manutention de conteneurs, de façon à ce que l'équipement de levage de conteneurs saisisse le conteneur au niveau de l'anneau (40b) situé à l'extrémité du conteneur de transfert ayant un diamètre plus large et équipée de la porte (41) ;
    pour enlever le conteneur de transfert (33) du site de remplissage (32), le conteneur est d'abord placé à l'horizontale par un mécanisme de basculement (44, 62b) de la station de transfert (32) ;
    le conteneur de transfert (33) se trouvant à l'horizontale est ensuite saisi par les dispositifs de levage (47, 54) du camion de transfert (46) ou du véhicule de manutention de conteneurs, au niveau de l'anneau de levage (40a) se trouvant à l'extrémité inférieure fermée et de plus petit diamètre du conteneur ;
    puis le conteneur de transfert (33) est levé, l'extrémité inférieure fermée en premier, sur un camion de transfert (46) ou sur un véhicule de manutention de conteneurs, de façon à ce que la porte (41) du conteneur demeure à l'extrémité arrière du camion de transfert et que le conteneur puisse être déchargé à partir de la même extrémité de plus grand diamètre qui a servi pour le remplissage du conteneur.
  4. Méthode selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce qu'un conteneur de transfert (33) vide est descendu, d'un camion de transfert (46) sur un site de remplissage (32), de façon à ce qu'un camion de transfert, se trouvant sur le sol (56) ou sur une plateforme (70), fasse descendre le conteneur, l'extrémité fermée en premier, et l'extrémité de plus grand diamètre munie d'une porte (41) pointant vers le haut, jusqu'à un niveau plus bas ou jusqu'à une fosse (57), à l'aide d'un dispositif de basculement (44) du site de remplissage.
  5. Méthode selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce qu'un conteneur de transfert (33) vide est placé sur un site de remplissage (32), de façon à ce que le conteneur soit descendu du camion de transfert (46) à l'horizontale, et que le conteneur se trouvant à l'horizontale soit levé dans une position verticale, l'extrémité munie de la porte (41) de plus grand diamètre pointant vers le haut, par un dispositif de basculement (44) du site de remplissage.
EP97915494A 1996-03-27 1997-03-27 Conteneur a ordures et procede de manipulation d'ordures Expired - Lifetime EP0918711B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI961389A FI961389A0 (fi) 1996-03-27 1996-03-27 Foerfarande foer transport av avfall, avfallssystem och avfallsbehaollare
FI961389 1996-03-27
PCT/FI1997/000197 WO1997035789A1 (fr) 1996-03-27 1997-03-27 Procede de transport des ordures, systeme de manipulation d'ordures et conteneur a ordures

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0918711A1 EP0918711A1 (fr) 1999-06-02
EP0918711B1 true EP0918711B1 (fr) 2002-08-14

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EP97915494A Expired - Lifetime EP0918711B1 (fr) 1996-03-27 1997-03-27 Conteneur a ordures et procede de manipulation d'ordures

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EP (1) EP0918711B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE222207T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2294997A (fr)
DE (1) DE69714744D1 (fr)
FI (2) FI961389A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997035789A1 (fr)

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FI20000130A0 (fi) * 2000-01-24 2000-01-24 Jorpelehto Oy Jättenkäsittelymenetelmä ja -laitteisto
AUPR145000A0 (en) * 2000-11-14 2000-12-07 Byrne, Laurence Michael Compactor system
FR2865421A1 (fr) * 2004-01-23 2005-07-29 Laurent Cogordan Procede d'organisation d'un site de reception de dechets
CN102267615B (zh) * 2011-06-15 2015-07-08 刘英华 压缩、贮存、交换卡车车厢筒式垃圾中转站
CN104340572B (zh) * 2014-10-31 2017-09-05 河源市绿华环保设备有限公司 一种垃圾压缩中转站及其垃圾转运车箱
CN107082213A (zh) * 2017-06-19 2017-08-22 上海虞衡环保科技有限公司 垂直式垃圾车箱

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Publication number Publication date
DE69714744D1 (de) 2002-09-19
ATE222207T1 (de) 2002-08-15
FI981928A0 (fi) 1998-09-09
FI961389A0 (fi) 1996-03-27
AU2294997A (en) 1997-10-17
FI981928A (fi) 1998-09-09
WO1997035789A1 (fr) 1997-10-02
EP0918711A1 (fr) 1999-06-02

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