EP0915748B1 - Verfahren zur imprägnierung von wasserhaltigen organischen fasersubstanzen und vorrichtung zur durchführung dieses verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zur imprägnierung von wasserhaltigen organischen fasersubstanzen und vorrichtung zur durchführung dieses verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0915748B1
EP0915748B1 EP96927106A EP96927106A EP0915748B1 EP 0915748 B1 EP0915748 B1 EP 0915748B1 EP 96927106 A EP96927106 A EP 96927106A EP 96927106 A EP96927106 A EP 96927106A EP 0915748 B1 EP0915748 B1 EP 0915748B1
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Prior art keywords
water
treated
constitution
impregnation
heating
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EP96927106A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0915748A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre-Olivier Cogat
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Aurore Developpement
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Cogat Pierre-Olivier
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/003—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 by using electromagnetic radiation or mechanical waves
    • B27K5/0055—Radio-waves, e.g. microwaves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0207—Pretreatment of wood before impregnation
    • B27K3/0221—Pore opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for impregnating materials. hydrated fibrous organic materials, such as, for example, wood, fruit, grains or oilseeds, skins. It relates to also facilities for the implementation of this process. More in particular, the invention relates to a method and installations permitting the impregnation of fibrous organic solids hydrated by self-evaporation of water of constitution under vacuum instantaneous and overpressure injection of a solute solution to be injected.
  • hydrated fibrous organic materials means any material fibrous organic comprising water of constitution occurring both in the form of free and residual water.
  • examples include wood, fruits, vegetables, grains of grains or oilseeds or skins, all of which have not undergone prior desiccation phase.
  • the wood is pre-dried and has moisture residual in the range of seven to eight percent (7 to 8%) and therefore presents this fact, a pre-existing porous structure.
  • the phase of vacuuming only causes deaeration intended to eliminate the air included in the wood fibers.
  • Document GB-A-15556 also describes a method of treatment of pre-dried wood, with almost total drying during operating phases and this by injection after degassing by vacuum effect.
  • the invention relates to a method for impregnating at heart hydrated fibrous organic materials comprising water of constitution by means of a treatment liquid, such as for example a solution fungicide, a solution of hardening or flame retardant salts, a solution enzymatic for the treatment of wood, or a sugar solution for confectionery applications, or a salty solution for salted, or a solution of tannins for the treatment of the skins, etc ...
  • a treatment liquid such as for example a solution fungicide, a solution of hardening or flame retardant salts, a solution enzymatic for the treatment of wood, or a sugar solution for confectionery applications, or a salty solution for salted, or a solution of tannins for the treatment of the skins, etc ...
  • the wood was always previously dried or brought to a low humidity level, so that it contains air in an existing porous structure as a result of drying. We therefore seeks to eliminate this air included by heating and then evacuating in order to fill the porous structure with a treatment product.
  • the material is necessarily hydrated, that is to say with its water of constitution and is not therefore not porous and contains no air significantly.
  • the heating stage followed by the rapid evacuation stage by intermediate condensation of the emitted vapors causes vaporization of the water of constitution and thus the creation of a structure porous which was not pre-existing.
  • the micro-channels formed ensure perfect continuity of communication between the heart of the matter, that is to say the deepest zones and the periphery thereof.
  • These micro-channels are only filled with steam. So, by internal condensation of this vapor, it is possible to impregnate the core of the material any treatment solution without having to use back pressure excessive.
  • the condensation of the water vapor is made instantly thanks to pressurization, the cold source then being constituted by the material itself.
  • the impregnation of fibrous substances with a dissolved substance in water or any other solvent allows impregnation depth. This impregnation is done by means of a liquid previously heated to a temperature greater than or equal to the equilibrium temperature of the corresponding vacuum.
  • the proportion of micro-channels formed essentially depends on the difference between the reheating temperature and that corresponding to the vacuum. The greater this difference, the greater the volume of the micro-channels trained will be important.
  • the heating takes place at a pressure greater than 0.5 bar absolute, preferably at a pressure between 0.5 and 3 bars absolute, any of the known means in particular by conduction with a hot recirculating liquid or on a hot surface or steam condensation effect or use of high frequency heaters.
  • Reduced pressure takes place in less than ten seconds. Indeed, it has been found that for solids of minimum dimensions located between 5 and 15 cms, the optimal vacuuming time is less to ten seconds, preferably on the order of six seconds.
  • the invention also relates to two installations for setting up work of this process.
  • Figure 1 is a representation of an installation for setting discontinuous work of the process according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 Figures 2a to 2d are schematic representations of the process according to the invention by means of the installation of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 3 is a summary representation for the implementation continuous process according to the invention.
  • the implementation of the method according to the invention can be done discontinuously, i.e. by submitting the same quantity of materials to be treated successively at the different stages of the process, either continuously, i.e. by circulating the material in different enclosures ensuring each of the process functions.
  • FIG. 1 The installation described diagrammatically in FIG. 1 makes it possible to treat discontinuously the different types of materials referred to in the preamble.
  • this installation mainly comprises a treatment (CT), a mixing condenser, a pressure source (SP), a vacuum device (DV), these different elements being interconnected by a network of pipes and valves, as well as appropriate recirculation.
  • CT treatment chamber
  • SP pressure source
  • DV vacuum device
  • the treatment chamber can consist of an enclosure, the autoclave type, for example stainless steel, pressure resistant and empty.
  • This enclosure is associated with means for heating the material to treat which can be of various natures.
  • it can be a recirculation and heating circuit liquid consisting of a pump (P1) and a surface exchanger (E1) whose function is to recover the liquid present in the bottom of the treatment chamber (CT) and reheat it then spray it on the material to be treated.
  • P1 a pump
  • E1 surface exchanger
  • This treatment chamber (CT) is connected to the pressure source (SP) via a quick opening valve (V3), i.e. less than one second.
  • This treatment chamber (CT) is also connected to the mixing capacitor (CM) by means of two valves (V1, V2) via tubing (T1, T2) of different section. In this way, depending on the circuit selected (T1, T2), and the opening speed of the valves (V1, V2), it is possible to adjust the vacuuming time.
  • the mixing condenser (CM) also consists of a steel enclosure, possibly stainless. So completely essential, it contains a reserve of cold water (F), i.e. temperature significantly lower than that of the steam extracted from the material to be treated, and typically of the order of at least 25 ° C.
  • This mixing condenser (CM) is associated with a recirculation circuit of cold water consisting of an exchanger (E2), for example of the type exchanger by surface, then from one or two centrifugal pumps (P2, P3) to broadband.
  • This mixing condenser (CM) is connected to a vacuum device (DV) consisting essentially of a vacuum pump and so advantage of a vacuum level regulation system, in order to obtain optimal performance.
  • CM mixing condenser
  • DV vacuum device
  • the material to be treated (M) is introduced into the treatment chamber (CT). It is heated there by any appropriate means already mentioned such as traffic and heating the impregnation solution which then constitutes the vector of calories, or else, more conventionally by introducing steam, or even by heating with high frequency waves
  • valves (V1) and (V2) are open in order to set up communication the treatment chamber (CT) with the condenser mixture (CM) itself under very reduced pressure, of the order of 0.07 bar absolute at 0.09 bar absolute. It follows that this almost instantaneous vacuuming preheated material, causes self-evaporation of the water of constitution of the fibrous material (see Figure 2b). This evaporation creates in the material a network of micro-channels (5) of vapor connecting the heart of the material with its periphery.
  • the extracted steam enters the mixing condenser and is condensed thanks to the presence of sprayed cold water which serves as reserve of frigories.
  • the contact is brought into contact.
  • material to be treated (M) with the impregnation solution (1).
  • the material to be treated has been heated thanks to the impregnation solution, there is no need to additional solution introduction.
  • valves (V2) and (V1) are then closed, which maintains inside the treatment chamber (CT) reduced pressure, close from that generated by the vacuum device.
  • valve (V3) is open and therefore the treatment chamber (CT) is put almost instantly overpressure. This causes the introduction of the solution in the micro-channel network, right down to the heart of the matter.
  • this installation includes a heating (CC), an evaporation chamber (EV), a chamber impregnation (CI), an overpressure zone (EG), and a vacuum source (SV).
  • CC heating
  • EV evaporation chamber
  • CI chamber impregnation
  • EG overpressure zone
  • SV vacuum source
  • the heating chamber (CC) is constituted by a enclosure open upwards to the water inside which are introduced the materials to be treated.
  • this heating chamber (CC) can be equipped with different means of heating the material, namely a high frequency device (HF), or a water circulation circuit hot or hot impregnation solution consisting of a pump (PCH) drawing from the bottom of the heating chamber and bringing the hot water in a surface exchanger (ECH), then ensuring the ascent of the water hot to the top of the heating chamber (CC) for its spraying on the material to be treated.
  • HF high frequency device
  • the heating chamber includes a tubing (T5) equipped with a supply means, such as a screw Archimedes (6) followed by a positive displacement pump, which ensures the transport of the heated material to the evaporation chamber (EV).
  • a supply means such as a screw Archimedes (6) followed by a positive displacement pump, which ensures the transport of the heated material to the evaporation chamber (EV).
  • the invention covers alternative embodiments various in which the Archimedes screw can feed a rotary airlock or an airlock consisting of two guillotine valves.
  • the evaporation chamber (EV) consists of an enclosure of the autoclave type, vacuum resistant, for example stainless steel. This evaporation chamber (EV) is connected, in the upper part, to the vacuum source (SV). In the lower part, the evaporation chamber (EV) includes advantageously a scraper device (7) allowing, by means of various advantageously oriented rotary blades (8), to bring the material towards the axis of symmetry of the evaporation chamber (EV).
  • the bottom of the evaporation chamber (EV) has an opening (10) connected to a airlock (S2) or to an equivalent pump not shown, which connects this evaporation chamber (EV) to a tank (CI) for contacting the material with the impregnation solution (1).
  • the vacuum source is for example a assembly comprising a condenser, a vacuum pump or the like vacuum device, a condensate extraction pump.
  • this impregnation tank (C1) comprises a circuit for sampling the impregnation solution which leads to the by means of a pump (PS), said solution after heating to inside the evaporation chamber (EV), so as to ensure bringing the treated material into contact with the impregnation solution (1) at the time of spraying.
  • PS pump
  • EV evaporation chamber
  • the impregnation tank (CI) is connected to the solution tank impregnation and includes a level regulator (LC) allowing control the progress of the process.
  • LC level regulator
  • the impregnation tank (CI) inside which the material is immersed in the impregnation solution (1) is then in overpressure with respect to the evaporation chamber.
  • the impregnation tank (CI) is connected to a setting area overpressure constituted by a tube comprising a screw Archimedes (11) ensuring the elevation of the material for its outlet (12) from the installation.
  • this Archimedes screw (11) is driven by a motor not shown at a speed calculated to ensure a time of stay under pressure sufficient to induce impregnation at the heart of matter.
  • the value of the overpressure to which the material to be treated is subjected is controlled by the pressure regulator (PC) connected to the screw Archimedes (11).

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Verfahren zur Imprägnierung von wasserhaltigen organischen Fasersubstanzen, welches darin besteht,
    zunächst das Konstitutionswasser der Substanz zu erhitzen;
    anschließend in weniger als 10 Sekunden die heiße Substanz unter reduzierten Druck zu setzen, um ein Netz von Mikrokanälen zu schaffen, welche Durchbrüche vom Kern der Substanz bis an die Oberfläche derselben durch Verdampfen eines Großteils des Konstitutionswassers erstellen;
    dann die so vorbehandelte Substanz mit einer Imprägnierflüssigkeit in Kontakt zu bringen;
    und schließlich in weniger als 1 Sekunde einen Überdruck zu erzeugen, um die Imprägnierflüssigkeit in die gebildeten Mikrokanäle eindringen zu lassen.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Aufheizen des Konstitutionswassers der Substanz durch Wärmeübertragung über einen Kontakt mit einer heißen Fläche erreicht wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Aufheizen des Konstitutionswassers durch Wärmeübertragung mittels einer umlaufenden heißen Flüssigkeit erreicht wird.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Aufheizen des Konstitutionswassers durch Kurzwellen erreicht wird.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Aufheizen der zu behandelnden Substanz bei einem Druck von mehr als 0,5 bar absolut und von weniger als 3 bar absolut durchgeführt wird.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kontakt zwischen der zu behandelnden Substanz und der Imprägnierflüssigkeit bei einer Temperatur stattfindet, die etwas höher oder identisch mit der Temperatur der zu behandelnden Substanz ist.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kontakt zwischen der zu behandelnden Substanz und der Imprägnierflüssigkeit ohne Veränderung des reduzierten Drucks stattfindet.
  8. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 7, zur diskontinuierlichen Imprägnierung einer wasserhaltigen organischen Fasersubstanz, welche Konstitutionswasser enthält, wobei die Vorrichtung folgende Bestandteile beinhaltet:
    Heizmittel (E1, P1) für die zu behandelnde Substanz, die sich in einer Behandlungskammer (CT) befindet, die:
    einerseits über ein Ventil (V3) mit einer Druckerzeugungsquelle (SP) verbunden ist,
    andererseits über ein Ventil (V1, V2) mit einer Vakuumerzeugungsquelle verbunden ist, wobei die Öffnungsgeschwindigkeit des Ventils es ermöglicht, die nötige Zeit zum Erzeugen des Unterdrucks in der Kammer zu modulieren, und wobei die Vakuumerzeugungsquelle ein Mischkondensator (CM) mit einem Kaltwassertank (F) im unteren Teil und mit einem Kaltwasser-Rezirkulationsumlauf (E2, P2, P3) ist, und wobei dieser Kondensator im oberen Teil durch eine Leitung mit einem Vakuumerzeugungsaggregat (CT) verbunden ist;
    Beschickungsmittel (DC) für eine Imprägnierflüssigkeit in die Behandlungskammer (CT).
  9. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6, zur kontinuierlichen Imprägnierung einer wasserhaltigen organischen Fasersubstanz, welche Konstitutionswasser enthält, wobei die Vorrichtung folgende Bestandteile beinhaltet:
    Mittel zum kontinuierlichen Beschicken einer Heizkammer (CC) mit der zu behandelnden Substanz;
    eine Verdampfungskammer (EV), die einerseits über eine Schleuse (S1), die der Weiterbeförderung der zu behandelnden Substanz dient, mit der Heizkammer (CC) und andererseits mit einer Vakuumerzeugungsquelle (SV) verbunden ist;
    eine Imprägnierkammer (CI, EG), die einerseits über eine Schleuse (S2), die der Weiterbeförderung der zu behandelnden Substanz dient, mit der Verdampfungskammer (EV) und andererseits mit einer Druckerzeugungsvorrichtung verbunden ist;
    Versorgungsmittel zur Beförderung der Imprägnierflüssigkeit in die Verdampfungs- und die Imprägnierkammern.
EP96927106A 1996-07-30 1996-07-30 Verfahren zur imprägnierung von wasserhaltigen organischen fasersubstanzen und vorrichtung zur durchführung dieses verfahrens Expired - Lifetime EP0915748B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/FR1996/001199 WO1998004391A1 (fr) 1996-07-30 1996-07-30 Procede pour l'impregnation de matieres organiques fibreuses hydratees, et installations pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0915748A1 EP0915748A1 (de) 1999-05-19
EP0915748B1 true EP0915748B1 (de) 2000-05-17

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96927106A Expired - Lifetime EP0915748B1 (de) 1996-07-30 1996-07-30 Verfahren zur imprägnierung von wasserhaltigen organischen fasersubstanzen und vorrichtung zur durchführung dieses verfahrens

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EP (1) EP0915748B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2145476T3 (de)
WO (1) WO1998004391A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190815556A (en) * 1908-07-22 1909-03-18 Johann Polifka Improvements in or relating to the Impregnation of Wood
US1680529A (en) * 1927-04-08 1928-08-14 Brown Co Method of treating wood
FR2116774A5 (en) * 1970-12-02 1972-07-21 Mathevet Raymond Wooden platters - for supporting food,impregnated with paraffin(ic cpd)
US4187346A (en) * 1978-08-22 1980-02-05 Shelby-Williams Industries, Inc. Controlled permeation process for fireproofing wood
NZ220816A (en) * 1987-06-23 1989-12-21 Nz Minister Forestry Gaseous or vapour phase treatment of wood with boron preservatives
FR2733438B1 (fr) * 1995-04-27 1997-06-13 Cogat Pierre Olivier Procede et equipements d'impregnation de matieres solides organiques fibreuses, par vaporisation sous vide de l'eau de constitution et injection en contrepression d'une solution

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WO1998004391A1 (fr) 1998-02-05
EP0915748A1 (de) 1999-05-19
ES2145476T3 (es) 2000-07-01

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