EP0912981B1 - Fluides isolants riches en acide oleique et procede de fabrication associe - Google Patents

Fluides isolants riches en acide oleique et procede de fabrication associe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0912981B1
EP0912981B1 EP97932163A EP97932163A EP0912981B1 EP 0912981 B1 EP0912981 B1 EP 0912981B1 EP 97932163 A EP97932163 A EP 97932163A EP 97932163 A EP97932163 A EP 97932163A EP 0912981 B1 EP0912981 B1 EP 0912981B1
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electrical
electrical insulation
oleic acid
insulation fluid
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EP97932163A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0912981A1 (fr
EP0912981A4 (fr
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Thottathil V. Oommen
C. Clair Claiborne
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ABB Technology AG
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ABB Inc USA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/20—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances liquids, e.g. oils

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high oleic oil composition useful as an electrical insulation fluid, to electrical insulation fluid compositions and electrical apparatuses which comprise the same.
  • the high oleic oil compositions of the invention have electrical properties which make them well suited as insulation fluids in electrical components.
  • insulating fluids which are easily available and cost effective. Examples are mineral oil, silicone fluid, and synthetic hydrocarbon oils used in transformers, power cables and capacitors. Examples of such fluids include those described in U.S. Patent Number 4,082,866 issued April 4, 1978 to Link, U.S. Patent Number 4,206,066 issued June 3, 1980 to Rinehart, U.S. Patent Number 4,621,302 issued November 4, 1986 to Sato et al., U.S. Patent Number 5,017,733 issued May 21, 1991 to Sato et al. U.S. Patent Number 5,250,750 issued October 5, 1993 to Shubkin et al., and U.S. Patent Number 5,336,847 issued August 9, 1994 to Nakagami.
  • Vegetable oils are fully biodegradable, but the oils presently available in the market are not electrical grade. A few vegetable oils such as rapeseed oil and castor oil have been used in limited quantities, mostly in capacitors, but these are not oleic esters.
  • the present invention can thus provide a high oleic acid triglyceride compositions that comprise fatty acid components of at least 75% oleic acid, less than 10% diunsaturated fatty acid component; less than 3% triunsaturated fatty acid component; and less than 8% saturated fatty acid component;.and wherein said composition is further characterized by the properties of a dielectric strength of at least 35 kV/100 mil gap (35 kV/2.5 mm gap), a dissipation factor of less than 0.05% at 25°C, acidity equal to or less than 0.05 mg KOH/g, electrical conductivity of less than 1 pS/m at 25°C, a flash point of at least 250°C and a pour point of at least -15°C.
  • the present invention can also provide an electrical insulation fluid comprising at least 75% of a high oleic acid triglyceride composition that comprises fatty acid components of at least 75% oleic acid, less than 10% diunsaturated fatty acid component; less than 3% triunsaturated fatty acid component; and less than 8% saturated fatty acid component; and wherein said composition is further characterized by the properties of a dielectric strength of at least 35 kV/100 mil gap (35 kV/2.5 mm gap), a dissipation factor of less than 0.05% at 25°C, acidity equal to or less than 0.05 mg KOH/g, electrical conductivity of less than 1 pS/m at 25°C, a flash point of at least 250°C and a pour point of at least - 15°C, and one or more additive selected from the group of an antioxidant additive, a pour point depressant additive and a copper deactivator.
  • a dielectric strength of at least 35 kV/100 mil gap (35 k
  • the present invention relates to electrical apparatuses comprising the electrical insulation fluid.
  • the present invention relates to the use of electrical insulation fluid to provide insulation in electrical apparatuses.
  • This present invention provides a novel application for high oleic vegetable oils as electrical insulation fluids.
  • Vegetable oils usually have a high percent of triglyceride esters of saturated and unsaturated organic acids. When the acid is saturated, the triglyceride is either a semi-solid or a liquid with high freezing point. Unsaturated acids produce oils with low freezing points. However, monounsaturated acids are preferred over diunsaturated and triunsaturated acids because the latter tend to dry fast in air due to cross-linking with oxygen. Increasing the amount of diunsaturates and triunsaturates makes the oil more vulnerable to oxidation; increasing the saturates raises the pour point. Ideally, the higher the monosaturate content, the better the oil as an electrical fluid.
  • Oleic acid is a monounsaturated acid found as triglyceride ester in many natural oils such as sunflower, olive oil and safflower in relatively high proportions (above 60%). High oleic acid content is usually above 75% of the total acid content. Oleic acid content above 80% is achieved by genetic manipulation and breeding. Two oils that are currently available in the United States with high oleic acid content and low saturates are sunflower oil and canola oil. These oils are of value in producing high quality lubricating oils but have not been used in the production of electrical insulation fluids.
  • High oleic oils may be derived from plant seeds such as sunflower and canola which have been genetically modified to yield high oleic content.
  • the pure oils are triglycerides of certain fatty acids with a carbon chain ranging from 16 to 22 carbon atoms. If the carbon chain has no double bonds, it is a saturated oil, and is designated Cn:0 where n is the number of carbon atoms. Chains with one double bond are monounsaturated and are designated Cn:1; with two double bonds, it will be Cn:2 and with three double bonds Cn:3.
  • Oleic acid is a C18:1 acid while erucic acid is a C22:1 acid.
  • the acids are in the combined state as triglycerides, and when the oils are hydrolyzed they are separated into the acid and glycerol components.
  • High oleic oils contain more than 75% oleic acid (in combined state with glycerol), the remaining being composed mainly of C18:0, C18:2 and C18:3 acids (also in combined state with glycerol). These acids are known as stearic, linoleic and linolenic. Oils with a high percentage of double and triple unsaturated molecules are unsuitable for electrical application because they react with air and produce oxidation products. Monounsaturated oils such as oleic acid esters may also react with air, but much slower, and can be stabilized with oxidation inhibitors.
  • a typical 85% high oleic oil has the following approximate composition: Saturates 3-5% monounsaturates 84-85% diunsaturates 3-7% triunsaturates 1-3%
  • the present invention provides for the use of vegetable oils
  • the invention may use synthetic oil having the same compositional characteristics of those oils isolated from plants. While plant derived material is suitable for almost all applications, synthetic material may provide a desirable alternative in some applications.
  • high oleic acid content oils are used as starting materials for the production of an oil composition which has physical properties useful for electrical insulation fluids.
  • the present invention provides the processed compositions having specific structural and physical characteristics and properties, methods of making such composition, electrical insulation fluids which comprise the composition, electrical apparatuses which comprise the electrical insulation fluids and methods of insulating electrical apparatuses using such fluids.
  • the present invention provides a high oleic acid triglyceride composition useful as an electrical insulation fluid and more particularly as a component material of an electrical insulation fluid.
  • a triglyceride composition is a glycerol backbone linked to three fatty acid molecules.
  • the triglyceride compositions of the invention comprise fatty acid components of at least 75% oleic acid. The remaining fatty acid components include less than 10% diunsaturated fatty acid component, less than 3% triunsaturated fatty acid component; and less than 8% saturated fatty acid component.
  • the triglyceride compositions of the invention preferably comprise fatty acid components of at least 80% oleic acid.
  • the triglyceride compositions of the invention more preferably comprise fatty acid components of at least 85% oleic acid.
  • the triglyceride compositions of the invention comprise fatty acid components of 90% oleic acid.
  • the triglyceride compositions of the invention comprise fatty acid components of greater than 90% oleic acid.
  • Di-unsaturated, triunsaturated and saturated fatty acid components present in the triglyceride are preferably C16-C22. It is preferred that 80% or more of the remaining fatty acid components are C18 diunsaturated, triunsaturated and saturated fatty acids, i.e. linoleic, linolenic and stearic acids, respectively.
  • the diunsaturated, triunsaturated and saturated fatty acid components of the triglyceride comprise at least 75% oleic acid, less than 3% linoleic acid, less than 4% stearic acid and less than 4% palmitic acid (saturated C16).
  • the triglyceride compositions of the invention are of an electric grade. That is, they have specific physical properties which make them particularly suited for use as an electrical insulation fluid.
  • the dielectric strength of a triglyceride composition of the invention is at least 35 kV/100 mil gap (35 kV/2.5 mm gap), the dissipation factor is less than 0.05% at 25°C, the acidity is equal to or less than 0.05 mg KOH/g, the electrical conductivity is less than 1 pS/m at 25°C, the flash point is at least 250°C and the pour point is at least -15°C.
  • the dielectric strength, dissipation factor, acidity, electrical conductivity, flash point and pour point are each measured using the published standards set forth in the Annual Book of ASTM Standards (in Volumes 5 and 10) published by the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM), 100 Barr Harbor Drive West Conshohocken PA 19428.
  • the dielectric strength is determined using ASTM test method D 877.
  • the dissipation factor is determined using ASTM test method D 924.
  • the acidity is determined using ASTM test method D 974.
  • the electrical conductivity is determined using ASTM test method D 2624.
  • the flash point is determined using ASTM test method D 92.
  • the pour point is determined using ASTM test method D 97.
  • the dielectric strength is measured by taking 100-150 ml oil sample in a test cell and applying a voltage between test electrodes separated by a specified gap. The breakdown voltage is noted. The test is preferably run five times and the average value is calculated.
  • the dielectric strength of a triglyceride composition of the invention is at least 35 kV/100 mil gap (35 kV/2.5 mm gap). In some preferred embodiments, it is 40 kV/100 mil gap (40 kV/2.5 mm gap).
  • the dissipation factor is a measure of the electrical loss due to conducting species and is tested by measuring the capacitance of fluids in a test cell using a capacitance bridge.
  • the dissipation factor of a triglyceride composition of the invention is less than 0.05% at 25C. In some preferred embodiments, it is less than 0.02%. In some preferred embodiments, it is less than 0.01%.
  • the acidity is measured by titrating a known volume of oil with a solution of alcoholic KOH to neutralization point.
  • the weight of the oil in grams per mg KOH is referred to interchangeably as the acidity number or the neutralization number.
  • the acidity of a triglyceride composition of the invention is less than 0.03 mg KOH/g. In some preferred embodiments, it is less than 0.02 mg KOH/g.
  • the electrical conductivity is measured using a conductivity meter such as an Emcee meter.
  • the electrical conductivity of a triglyceride composition of the invention is less than 1 pS/m at 25°C. In some preferred embodiments, it is less than 0.25 pS/m.
  • the flash point is determined by placing an oil sample in a flashpoint tester and determining the temperature at which it ignites.
  • the flash point of a triglyceride composition of the invention is at least 250°C. In some preferred embodiments, it is at least 300°C.
  • the pour point is determined by cooling an oil sample with dry ice/acetone and determining the temperature at which the liquid becomes a semi-solid.
  • the pour point of a triglyceride composition of the invention is not greater than -15°C. In some preferred embodiments, it is not greater than -20°C. In some preferred embodiments, it is not greater than -40°C.
  • the triglyceride composition of the invention is characterized by the properties of a dielectric strength of at least 40 kV/100 mil gap (40 kV/2.5 mm gap), a dissipation factor of less than 0.02% at 25°C, acidity of less than 0.02 mg KOH/g, electrical conductivity of less than 0.25 pS/m at 25°C, a flash point of at least 300°C and a pour point of not greater than -20°C. In some preferred embodiments, the pour point is not greater than -40°C.
  • the triglyceride composition of the invention comprises fatty acid components of at least 75% oleic acid, linoleic acid at a proportion of less than 10%, linoleic acid at a proportion of less than 3%, stearic acid in a proportion of less than 4%, and palmitic acid in a proportion of less than 4%, and is characterized by the properties of a dielectric strength of at least 40 kV/100 mil gap (40 kV/2.5 mm gap), a dissipation factor of less than 0.02% at 25°C, acidity of less than 0.02 mg KOH/g, electrical conductivity of less than 0.25 pS/m at 25°C, a flash point of at least 300°C and a pour point of not greater than -20°C. In some preferred embodiments, the pour point is not greater than -40°C.
  • Triglycerides with high oleic acid oil content are described in U.S. Patent Number 4,627,192 issued December 4, 1986 to Fick and U.S. Patent Number 4,743,402 issued May 10, 1988 to Fick. These oils or those with similar fatty acid component content according to the present invention may be processed to yield an oil with the desired physical properties.
  • High oleic vegetable oils may be obtained from commercial suppliers as RBD oils (refined, bleached and deodorized) which are further processed according to the present invention to yield high oleic oils useful in electrical insulation fluid compositions. There are several suppliers of high oleic RBD oils in the USA and overseas.
  • RBD oil useful as a starting material for further processing may be obtained from SVO Specialty Products, Eastlake OH, and Cargill Corp., Minneapolis MN.
  • the oil manufacturer goes through an elaborate process to obtain RBD oil during which all nonoily components (gums, phospholipids, pigments etc.) are removed. Further steps may involve winterization (chilling) to remove saturates, and stabilization using nontoxic additives.
  • the processes for converting oil to RBD oil are described in Bailey's Industrial Oil and Fat Products , Vols. 1, 2 & 3, Fourth Edition 1979 John Wiley & Sons. and in Bleaching and Purifying Fats and Oils by H.B.W. Patterson, AOCC Press, 1992.
  • RBD oils are further processed according to the present invention in order to yield an oil with the physical properties as defined herein.
  • the purification of the as received oil designated RBD oil is necessary because trace polar compounds and acidic materials still remain in the oil, making it unfit as an electrical fluid.
  • the purification process of the present invention uses clay treatment which involves essentially a bleaching process using neutral clay.
  • RBD oil is combined with 10% by weight clay and mixed for at least about 20 minutes. It is preferred if the oil is heated to about 60-80°C. It is preferred if the mixture is agitated.
  • the clay particles are removed subsequently by a filter press. Vacuum conditions or a neutral atmosphere (by nitrogen) during this process prevent oxidation. Slightly stabilized oil is preferable. More stabilizer is added at the end of the process.
  • the purity is monitored by electrical conductivity, acidity and dissipation factor measurement. Further treatment by deodorization techniques is possible but not essential.
  • the polar compounds that interfere most with electrical properties are organometallic compounds such as metallic soaps, chlorophyll pigments and so on.
  • the level of purification needed is determined by the measured properties and the limits used.
  • An alternative embodiment provides passing RBD oil through a clay column. However, stirring with clay removes trace polar impurities better than passing through a clay column.
  • neutral Attapulgite clay typically 30/60 mesh size, is used in a ratio of 1-10% clay by weight.
  • clay particles are removed using filters, preferably paper filters with a pore size of 1-5 ⁇ m.
  • the clay is preferably mixed with hot oil and agitated for several minutes, after which the clay is filtered off using filters. Paper or synthetic filter sheets may be used if a filter separator is used. The filter sheets are periodically replaced.
  • Electrical insulation fluids of the invention comprise the triglyceride composition of the invention and may further comprise one or more additives.
  • Additives include oxidation inhibitors, copper deactivators and pour point depressors.
  • Oxidation inhibitors may be added to the oils. Oxidation stability is desirable but in sealed units where there is no oxygen, it should not be critical. Commonly used oxidation inhibitors include butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT), butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA) and mono-tertiary-butyl-hydroquinone (TBHQ). In some embodiments, oxidation inhibitors are used in combinations such as BHA and BHT. Oxidation inhibitors may be present at levels of 0.1-3.0%. In some preferred embodiments, 0.2% TBHQ is used. Oxidation stability of the oil is determined by AOM or OSI methods well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the oil is oxidized by air at 100°C and the formation of peroxide is monitored.
  • the time to reach 100 milliequivalents (meq) or any other limit is determined. The higher the value, the more stable the oil is.
  • the time to reach an induction period is determined by the measurement of conductivity.
  • pour point depressants may also be added if low pour points are needed. Commercially available products can be used which are compatible with vegetable-based oils. Only low percentages, such as 2% or below, are needed normally to bring down the pour point by 10 to 15°C. In some embodiments, the pour point depressant is polymethacrylate (PMA).
  • PMA polymethacrylate
  • copper deactivators are commercially available. The use of these in small, such as below 1%, may be beneficial in reducing the catalytic activity of copper in electrical apparatus.
  • the electrical insulation fluid contains less than 1% of a copper deactivator.
  • the copper deactivator is a benzotriazole derivative.
  • the pour point may be further reduced by winterizing processed oil.
  • the oils are winterized by lowering the temperature to near or below 0°C and removing solidified components.
  • the winterization process may be performed as a series of temperature reductions followed by removal of solids at the various temperature.
  • winterization is performed by reducing the temperature serially to 5°, 0° and -12°C for several hours, and filtering the solids with diatomaceous earth.
  • the electrical insulation fluid of the invention that comprises at least 75 percent triglyceride composition of the invention as described above further comprises about 0.1-5% additives and then up to about 25% other insulating fluids such as mineral oil, synthetic esters, and synthetic hydrocarbons.
  • the electrical insulation fluid comprises 1-24% of insulating fluids selected from the group consisiting of mineral oil, synthetic esters, synthetic hydrocarbons and combinantion of two or more of such materials.
  • the electrical insulation fluid comprises 5-15% of insulating fluids selected from the group consisiting of mineral oil, synthetic esters, synthetic hydrocarbons and combinantion of two or more of such materials. Examples of mineral oils include poly alpha olefins.
  • the electrical insulation fluid comprises at least 85% of the triglyceride composition of the invention. In some preferred embodiments, the electrical insulation fluid comprises at least 95% of the triglyceride composition of the invention.
  • the present invention relates to an electrical apparatus which comprises the electrical insulation fluid of the invention.
  • the electrical apparatus may be an electrical transformer, an electrical capacitor or an electrical power cable.
  • U.S. Patent Number 4,082,866, U.S. Patent Number 4,206,066, U.S. Patent Number 4,621,302, U.S. Patent Number 5,017,733, U.S. Patent Number 5,250,750, and U.S. Patent Number 5,336,847 describe various applications of electrical insulation fluids for which the electrical insulation fluid of the invention may be used.
  • U.S. Patent Number 4,993,141 issued February 19, 1991 to Grimes et al. U.S. Patent Number 4,890,086 issued December 26, 1989 to Hill, U.S.
  • Patent Number 5,025,949 issued June 25, 1991 to Adkins et al., U.S. Patent Number 4,972,168 issued November 20, 1990 to Grimes et al., U.S. Patent Number 4,126,844, and U.S. Patent Number 4,307,364 issued December 22, 1981 to Lanoue et al. contain descriptions of various electrical apparatuses in which the electrical insulation fluid of the invention may be used.
  • the eletrical apparatus fo the invention is a transformer, in particular,a power transformer or a distribution transformer.
  • RBD oil refined, bleached and deodorized
  • the purification of the as received oil designated RBD oil (refined, bleached and deodorized) is necessary because trace polar compounds and acidic materials still remain in the oil, making it unfit as an electrical fluid.
  • the purification we attempted involved clay treatment as follows: approximately 1 gal. (3.8 l) of the RBD oil was treated with 10% Attapulgite clay. Oil was produced with electrical conductivity of less than 1 pS/m. The attapulgite treated oil showed conductivities as low as 0.25 pS/m. Commercial grade oils had conductivities in the range of 1.5 to 125 pS/m. Conductivity below 1 pS/m (or resistivity above 10 14 ohm.cm) is desired for electrical grade oil.
  • Dissipation factor is a measure of electrical losses due to conduction caused by conducting species, usually organometallic trace components, and should be below 0.05% at room temperature.
  • the clay treated oils had dissipation factor of 0.02%.
  • Untreated RBD oils had DF ranging from 0.06% to 2.0%.
  • Oxidation stability tests were conducted on treated and untreated oil samples using ASTM and AOCS methods.
  • Oxidation inhibitors were added to the oils and the tests were repeated.
  • Several oxidation inhibitors were tested: BHT (Butylated Hydroxy Toluene, BHA (Butylated Hydroxy Anisole) and TBHQ (mono-Tertiary-Butyl-Hydroquinone) in 0.2% by weight in oil.
  • BHT Butylated Hydroxy Toluene
  • BHA Butylated Hydroxy Anisole
  • TBHQ mono-Tertiary-Butyl-Hydroquinone
  • the pour point of the treated oil was typically -25°C. To lower the pour point further, the treated oils were winterized at 5°, 0° and -12°C for several hours, and the solids that separated were filtered with diatomaceous earth. The lowest pour point reached so far was -38°C, close to the specified value of -40°C for transformer oil. Further lowering is possible by extended winterization. Another approach is by the use of pour point depressants such as PMA (polymethacrylate) which has been used for mineral oil.
  • PMA polymethacrylate

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
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  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
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Claims (21)

  1. Composition triglycéride riche en acide oléique comprenant des composants d'acide gras de :
    au moins 75% d'acide oléique ;
    moins de 10% de composant d'acide gras di-insaturé en C16-C22 ;
    moins de 3% de composant d'acide gras tri-insaturé en C16-C22 ; et
    moins de 8% de composant d'acide gras saturé en C16-C22 ; et
       dans laquelle ladite composition est en outre caractérisée par les propriétés suivantes :
    une rigidité diélectrique d'au moins 35 kV / 100 mil espaces (35 kV / espace de 2,5 mm) ;
    un facteur de dissipation inférieur à 0,05% à 25°C ;
    une acidité égale à ou inférieure à 0,05 mg KOH / g ;
    une conductivité électrique inférieure à 1 pS / m à 25°C ;
    un point éclair d'au moins 250°C ; et
    un point de figeage d'au moins -15°C.
  2. Composition triglycéride riche en acide oléique selon la revendication 1, comprenant les composants d'acide gras de :
    au moins 75% d'acide oléique ;
    moins de 10% d'acide linoléique ;
    moins de 3% d'acide linoléique ;
    moins de 4% d'acide stéarique ; et
    moins de 4% d'acide palmitique.
  3. Composition triglycéride riche en acide oléique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle ladite composition est caractérisée en outre par une acidité inférieure à 0,03 mg KOH / g.
  4. Composition triglycéride riche en acide oléique selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle ladite composition est caractérisée en outre par les propriétés suivantes :
    une rigidité diélectrique d'au moins 40 kV / 100 mil espaces (40 kV / espace de 2,5 mm) ;
    un facteur de dissipation inférieur à 0,02% à 25°C ;
    une acidité inférieure à 0,02 mg KOH / g ;
    une conductivité électrique inférieure à 0,25 pS / m à 25°C ;
    un point éclair d'au moins 300°C ; et
    un point de figeage d'au moins -20°C.
  5. Composition triglycéride riche en acide oléique selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle ladite composition est en outre caractérisée par un point de figeage d'au moins -40°C.
  6. Composition triglycéride riche en acide oléique selon la revendication 1, comprenant les composants d'acide gras suivants :
    au moins 75% d'acide oléique ;
    moins de 10% d'acide linoléique ;
    moins de 3% d'acide linoléique ;
    moins de 4% d'acide stéarique ; et
    moins de 4% d'acide palmitique
       dans laquelle ladite composition est caractérisée en outre par les propriétés suivantes :
    une rigidité diélectrique d'au moins 40 kV / 100 mil espaces (40 kV / espace de 2,5 mm) ;
    un facteur de dissipation inférieur à 0,02% à 25°C ;
    une acidité inférieure à 0,02 mg KOH / g ;
    une conductivité électrique inférieure à 0,25 pS / m à 25°C ;
    un point éclair d'au moins 300°C ; et
    un point de figeage d'au moins -20°C.
  7. Composition triglycéride riche en acide oléique selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle ladite composition est en outre caractérisée par un point de figeage d'au moins -40°C.
  8. Fluide d'isolation électrique comprenant :
    au moins 75% de la composition triglycéride riche en acide oléique de la revendication 1 ;
    0,1 à 3% d'un additif antioxydant.
  9. Fluide d'isolation électrique selon la revendication 8, dans lequel ledit additif antioxydant est choisi dans le groupe comprenant l'hydroxytoluène butylé, l'hydroxyanisole butylé et la mono-t-butyl-hydroquinone.
  10. Fluide d'isolation électrique selon la revendication 8, dans lequel ledit additif antioxydant est de la mono-t-butyl hydroquinone.
  11. Fluide d'isolation électrique selon la revendication 10, comprenant jusqu'à 2% de mono-t-butyl-hydroquinone.
  12. Fluide d'isolation électrique selon la revendication 8 comprenant au moins 94% de la composition triglycéride riche en acide oléique.
  13. Fluide d'isolation électrique selon la revendication 8, comprenant en outre un additif de dépression du point de figeage.
  14. Fluide d'isolation électrique selon la revendication 13, dans lequel ledit agent de dépression du point de figeage est le polyméthacrylate.
  15. Fluide d'isolation électrique selon la revendication 8, comprenant en outre un additif de désactivation du cuivre, ledit fluide d'isolation électrique comprenant moins de 1% dudit agent de désactivation du cuivre.
  16. Fluide d'isolation électrique selon la revendication 8, dans lequel ledit agent de désactivation du cuivre est un dérivé du benzotriazole.
  17. Fluide d'isolation électrique selon la revendication 8, comprenant'en outre jusqu'à 25% d'une huile minérale, d'esters synthétiques, d'hydrocarbures synthétiques et de mélanges de ces éléments.
  18. Composition triglycéride riche en acide oléique selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle la composition est caractérisée en outre par les propriétés suivantes :
    une acidité inférieure à 0,02 mg KOH / g.
  19. Fluide d'isolation électrique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 17 contenant au moins 94% de ladite composition triglycéride.
  20. Appareil électrique comprenant le fluide d'isolation électrique de l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 17.
  21. Appareil électrique selon la revendication 20 dans lequel ledit appareil est un transformateur électrique, un condensateur électrique ou un câble de courant électrique.
EP97932163A 1996-06-18 1997-06-11 Fluides isolants riches en acide oleique et procede de fabrication associe Expired - Lifetime EP0912981B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US665721 1984-10-29
US66572196A 1996-06-18 1996-06-18
PCT/US1997/010045 WO1997049100A1 (fr) 1996-06-18 1997-06-11 Fluides isolants riches en acide oleique et procede de fabrication associe

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EP0912981A1 EP0912981A1 (fr) 1999-05-06
EP0912981A4 EP0912981A4 (fr) 1999-05-26
EP0912981B1 true EP0912981B1 (fr) 2003-11-26

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EP (1) EP0912981B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000513038A (fr)
AT (1) ATE255269T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU721761B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2258248C (fr)
DE (1) DE69726427T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2212117T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT912981E (fr)
WO (1) WO1997049100A1 (fr)

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US6352655B1 (en) 1995-12-21 2002-03-05 Cooper Industries, Inc. Vegetable oil based dielectric fluid
US6037537A (en) 1995-12-21 2000-03-14 Cooper Industries, Inc. Vegetable oil based dielectric coolant
EP1304704B1 (fr) * 1995-12-21 2005-06-15 Cooper Industries, Inc. Réfrigérant diélectrique à base d'huile végétale
US6280659B1 (en) * 1996-03-01 2001-08-28 David W. Sundin Vegetable seed oil insulating fluid
US5949017A (en) * 1996-06-18 1999-09-07 Abb Power T&D Company Inc. Electrical transformers containing electrical insulation fluids comprising high oleic acid oil compositions
US6312623B1 (en) * 1996-06-18 2001-11-06 Abb Power T&D Company Inc. High oleic acid oil compositions and methods of making and electrical insulation fluids and devices comprising the same
AU772953B2 (en) * 1997-01-06 2004-05-13 Abb Inc. High oleic acid electrical insulation fluids and devices containing the fluids
US6234343B1 (en) 1999-03-26 2001-05-22 Papp Enterprises, Llc Automated portable medication radial dispensing apparatus and method
DE19934833A1 (de) 1999-07-24 2001-01-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Common-Rail-Einspritzsystems
EP1847584A3 (fr) * 2006-04-21 2008-10-22 Infineum International Limited Biocarburant amélioré
KR20110138260A (ko) * 2009-03-27 2011-12-26 이 아이 듀폰 디 네모아 앤드 캄파니 유전성 열전달 유체
WO2012091805A2 (fr) * 2010-12-30 2012-07-05 Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Llc Procédé d'élimination d'impuretés à partir de fluides diélectriques à base d'huile de type ester naturel
JP2014534567A (ja) 2011-10-07 2014-12-18 イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニーＥ．Ｉ．Ｄｕ Ｐｏｎｔ Ｄｅ Ｎｅｍｏｕｒｓ Ａｎｄ Ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ 絶縁および熱伝達手段として使用される液体組成物、前記組成物を含有する電気装置、およびこのような組成物を調製する方法
US20150248947A1 (en) * 2012-10-18 2015-09-03 Dow Global Technologies Llc Triglyceride Based, Low Viscosity, High Flash Point Dielectric Fluids
EP2908655B1 (fr) * 2012-10-18 2016-09-07 Dow Global Technologies LLC Fluides diélectriques à base de triglycérides oléiques et à longueur de chaîne moyenne, caractérisés par une faible viscosité et un point d'éclair élevé
US11203730B2 (en) 2017-04-24 2021-12-21 Cargill, Incorporated Wax compositions and dissipation factor
US11193086B2 (en) 2017-04-26 2021-12-07 Cargill, Incorporated Wax compositions and surface tension

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US4536331A (en) * 1982-06-07 1985-08-20 Emhart Industries, Inc. Non-toxic impregnant for electrical capacitors
WO1991002784A1 (fr) * 1989-08-17 1991-03-07 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Huile de base non polluante pour la formulation d'huiles hydrauliques
EP0714974A1 (fr) * 1994-12-02 1996-06-05 The Lubrizol Corporation Lubrifiants non polluants de qualité alimentaire obtenus à partir de triglycerides comestibles contenant des additifs autorisés

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2212117T3 (es) 2004-07-16
WO1997049100A1 (fr) 1997-12-24
JP2000513038A (ja) 2000-10-03
DE69726427T2 (de) 2004-09-09
AU3569297A (en) 1998-01-07
CA2258248A1 (fr) 1997-12-24
PT912981E (pt) 2004-04-30
EP0912981A1 (fr) 1999-05-06
ATE255269T1 (de) 2003-12-15
CA2258248C (fr) 2004-04-06
DE69726427D1 (de) 2004-01-08
AU721761B2 (en) 2000-07-13
EP0912981A4 (fr) 1999-05-26

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