EP0911595A1 - Evaporator with improved heat exchange capacity - Google Patents

Evaporator with improved heat exchange capacity Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0911595A1
EP0911595A1 EP98119689A EP98119689A EP0911595A1 EP 0911595 A1 EP0911595 A1 EP 0911595A1 EP 98119689 A EP98119689 A EP 98119689A EP 98119689 A EP98119689 A EP 98119689A EP 0911595 A1 EP0911595 A1 EP 0911595A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
openings
heat exchanger
tubing
exchanger according
pockets
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP98119689A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0911595B1 (en
Inventor
Frédéric Bousquet
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Valeo Climatisation SA
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Valeo Climatisation SA
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Publication of EP0911595A1 publication Critical patent/EP0911595A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/027—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F28D1/0308—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D1/0325—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D1/0333—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having integrated connecting members
    • F28D1/0341—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having integrated connecting members with U-flow or serpentine-flow inside the conduits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/454—Heat exchange having side-by-side conduits structure or conduit section
    • Y10S165/464—Conduits formed by joined pairs of matched plates
    • Y10S165/465—Manifold space formed in end portions of plates
    • Y10S165/466—Manifold spaces provided at one end only

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger for exchange heat between a first fluid and a second fluid, comprising a stack of mutually aligned pockets in a longitudinal direction, and having two boxes collectors mutually juxtaposed in one direction lateral, each formed by alignment, in the direction longitudinal, of entry or exit chambers belonging respectively to the different pockets, the manifolds being subdivided as a whole into at least three connecting pipes, connecting pipes that belong to the same manifold in succession in the longitudinal direction and not communicating directly between them, while in each connecting line the entry or exit rooms communicate with each other by openings in the walls of the pockets, pockets defining a route for the first fluid between an upstream connection pipe adjacent to a first longitudinal end of the stack and a downstream link adjacent to the second longitudinal end of the stack, passing alternately from a connection belonging to one of the manifolds to a connecting pipe belonging to the other manifold, via U-shaped paths, each of which connects between they the entry and exit chambers of the same pocket, the upstream and downstream connecting pipes being connected to
  • the pockets are each formed two stamped sheet metal plates in the form of bowls, of which the concavities are turned towards each other and which are mutually tightly connected at their periphery, the entry and exit rooms being delimited by bowl regions of greater depth than remaining regions, so as to reserve between two pockets neighboring, opposite said remaining regions, an interval for the passage of the second fluid in the lateral direction, and said openings being formed in the bottoms of the cuvettes, which are in tight mutual contact around the openings.
  • the two bowls of each pocket are in further tightly connected in a middle area of their width and over a substantial fraction of their length from a first end edge, the two branches of said path in U extending on either side of said central zone, as well as said deeper regions of bowls, arranged in the vicinity of said first end edge.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the characteristics of operation of these evaporators.
  • the invention relates in particular to a heat exchanger of the kind defined in the introduction, and provides that said tubing is eccentric with respect to said openings.
  • the illustrated evaporator intended for an air conditioning system of the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, includes a multiple pockets 1 mutually stacked in one substantially horizontal longitudinal direction, and formed each of two stamped sheet metal plates cuvettes 2 and 3. These are identical to each other and have their concavities turned towards each other, either towards second and first ends respectively longitudinal 5, 4 of the stack.
  • Each bowl has a peripheral edge 6 situated in a vertical plane, and the peripheral edges 6 of the two bowls forming a pocket are mutually assembled in a fluid-tight manner, by soldering, to define the interior volume of the pouch.
  • Each bowl also has, at its upper part, two regions 7 of greater depth than that of the remaining region 8, the latter occupying most of the height of the bowl, below regions 7.
  • each bowl juxtaposed from left to right of the figures, define in each pocket an entry room and a room outlet for the refrigerant.
  • the entrance room and the outlet chamber of each pocket are separated one on the other by a tight junction zone 9 between the two halfway down the pocket, this junction area connecting to edge 6 at the upper end 10 of the pocket and extending down to the vicinity of the lower end of the cover so as to define in this one, in relation to the regions 8 of the basins, a journey in U for the fluid between the inlet chamber and the exit.
  • the bottom of each bowl is crossed, in each regions 7 of greater depth, through an opening 11 and the bottoms facing one another of a bowl 2 and of an adjacent 3 bowl are mutually linked so waterproof around the openings, by soldering.
  • the alignment of the inlet / outlet chambers located on the side left of the figures forms a manifold 16, and the alignment of the inlet / outlet chambers located on the side right forms a manifold 17.
  • the manifold 16 is subdivided by a transverse partition 18 into a connecting line 12 extending from this partition at the end 4 of the stack and a connecting pipe 14 extending from the bulkhead to the end 5.
  • a bulkhead transverse 19 further from the end 4 than the partition 18, separates the manifold 17 into a link 13 adjacent to the end 4 and a link 15 adjacent to the end 5.
  • End plates 20 and 21 are brazed to the bottom of the cups 2,3 located at the ends 4.5 of the stack respectively so to close the openings 11 of these bowls, and contribute to delimit the connecting pipes.
  • the entry / exit rooms forming a single connecting pipe communicate between them by the openings 11 of the bowls 2,3.
  • An inlet pipe 22 extends over the entire length of the connecting pipe 14 and crosses the end plate 21 and the intermediate partition 18, to which it is soldered, so as to put in communication the connecting line 12 with the part of the circuit refrigerant located upstream of the evaporator.
  • a outlet pipe 23 also passes through plate 21 and opens into the connecting pipe 15, so as to put this in communication with the downstream part of the circuit.
  • the refrigerant entering the connection line 12 through the tubing 22 then passes into the line of link 13, using U-shaped paths in parallel of a first group of covers. It is then transferred to the connecting pipe 14, via the paths at U of a second group of sleeves, then driving link 15, via the U-shaped paths of a third and last group of covers.
  • the fluid leaves finally the evaporator through the pipe 23.
  • the fluid receives heat of an air flow which crosses the evaporator horizontally from right to left, along arrow F1, passing through the intervals between the pockets next to the 8 regions of the bowls.
  • the tubing 22 is offset from the centers of the openings 11 of the bowls which define the manifold 16.
  • the tubing is shifted to the left, i.e. downstream by in relation to the air flow F1.
  • the outline of each opening 11 has an oval shape and is composed of two horizontal straight lines 30 and two semicircles 31 whose concavities are turned one towards the other and which are tangent to the segments 30.
  • the tubing 22 has an outside diameter equal to the diameter of the semicircles 31 and comes to rest on the edge of the openings it cross, and is brazed to this edge, over the entire length of the semicircle 31 located on the left.
  • the diameter of the tubing 22 is less than that of the semicircles 31, the contact then being substantially punctual.
  • the dotted line curve and the solid line curve respectively relate to the illustrated evaporator and to an evaporator different from this by the fact that the axis of the tubing 22 passes through the centers of the openings it crosses.
  • the curves of Figure 3 and those of Figure 4 respectively show the heat output exchanged in kW and the temperature of the outgoing air in ° C, depending on the air flow rate in kilograms / hour passing through the evaporator, the air temperature incoming being 30 ° C.
  • the arrangement according to the invention also improves the homogeneity heat exchange in the evaporator volume, and therefore the homogeneity of the distribution of temperature within the air flow leaving it, with attenuation of the phenomena of hot spots and points cold.
  • brazing of the tubing at the edges of the openings causes stiffening and reduction of operating noise.
  • the tubing can be partially offset from the centers of the openings without reaching the lateral ends thereof. She can be offset towards the middle of the width of the evaporator, and not outwards. It can be shifted to downstream with respect to the air flow, or transversely with compared to this one. It is not necessarily soldered to edge of openings.
  • the offset tubing according to the invention may be an outlet pipe in communication with the downstream link pipe. It is also possible to provide an odd number of connecting pipes, the inlet and the fluid outlet being carried out on the same side of the evaporator, left or right with reference to Figures 1 and 2.
  • the evaporator can also operate in one orientation in the space different from that described.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)

Abstract

The air conditioning evaporator includes a stack of longitudinally aligned cases (1). There are two manifold casings (16,17) mutually juxtaposed in the lateral direction each formed from inlet or outlet chambers belonging respectively to different cases. The manifolds are subdivided into three connecting pipes (12-15). Refrigerant is injected into an upstream conduit (12) formed by a subassembly of cases (1) through a longitudinal pipe (22) which passes through one end face (5) of the evaporator and another connecting conduit (14) formed by other cases. The pipe (22) is eccentric to openings (11) which provided communication between the cases forming the other connection conduit.

Description

L'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur pour l'échange de chaleur entre un premier fluide et un second fluide, comprenant un empilement de pochettes mutuellement alignées dans une direction longitudinale, et présentant deux boítes collectrices mutuellement juxtaposées dans une direction latérale, formées chacune par l'alignement, dans la direction longitudinale, de chambres d'entrée ou de sortie appartenant respectivement aux différentes pochettes, les boítes collectrices étant subdivisées dans leur ensemble en au moins trois conduites de liaison, les conduites de liaison qui appartiennent à une même boíte collectrice se succédant dans la direction longitudinale et ne communiquant pas directement entre elles, tandis que dans chaque conduite de liaison les chambres d'entrée ou de sortie communiquent mutuellement par des ouvertures ménagées dans les parois des pochettes, les pochettes définissant un parcours pour le premier fluide entre une conduite de liaison amont adjacente à une première extrémité longitudinale de l'empilement et une conduite de liaison aval adjacente à la seconde extrémité longitudinale de l'empilement, en passant alternativement d'une conduite de liaison appartenant à l'une des boítes collectrices à une conduite de liaison appartenant à l'autre boíte collectrice, par l'intermédiaire de trajets en U dont chacun relie entre elles les chambres d'entrée et de sortie d'une même pochette, les conduites de liaison amont et aval étant reliées à des passages d'entrée et de sortie prévus à l'une desdites extrémités longitudinales, l'une directement et l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'une tubulure traversant les ouvertures de la ou des conduites de liaison interposées entre cette même extrémité et ladite autre conduite de liaison.The invention relates to a heat exchanger for exchange heat between a first fluid and a second fluid, comprising a stack of mutually aligned pockets in a longitudinal direction, and having two boxes collectors mutually juxtaposed in one direction lateral, each formed by alignment, in the direction longitudinal, of entry or exit chambers belonging respectively to the different pockets, the manifolds being subdivided as a whole into at least three connecting pipes, connecting pipes that belong to the same manifold in succession in the longitudinal direction and not communicating directly between them, while in each connecting line the entry or exit rooms communicate with each other by openings in the walls of the pockets, pockets defining a route for the first fluid between an upstream connection pipe adjacent to a first longitudinal end of the stack and a downstream link adjacent to the second longitudinal end of the stack, passing alternately from a connection belonging to one of the manifolds to a connecting pipe belonging to the other manifold, via U-shaped paths, each of which connects between they the entry and exit chambers of the same pocket, the upstream and downstream connecting pipes being connected to entry and exit passages provided at one of said longitudinal ends, one directly and the other by through a tube passing through the openings of the connecting pipe or pipes interposed between the same end and said other connecting pipe.

De tels échangeurs de chaleur sont couramment utilisés en tant qu'évaporateurs dans des dispositifs de climatisation de l'habitacle des véhicules. Les pochettes sont formées chacune de deux plaques de tôle embouties en forme de cuvettes, dont les concavités sont tournées l'une vers l'autre et qui sont mutuellement reliées de façon étanche à leur périphérie, les chambres d'entrée et de sortie étant délimitées par des régions des cuvettes de plus grande profondeur que les régions restantes, de façon à réserver entre deux pochettes voisines, en regard desdites régions restantes, un intervalle pour le passage du second fluide dans la direction latérale, et lesdites ouvertures étant ménagées dans les fonds des cuvettes, qui sont en contact mutuel étanche autour des ouvertures. Les deux cuvettes de chaque pochette sont en outre reliées de façon étanche en une zone médiane de leur largeur et sur une fraction notable de leur longueur à partir d'un premier bord d'extrémité, les deux branches dudit trajet en U s'étendant de part et d'autre de ladite zone médiane, ainsi que lesdites régions de plus grande profondeur des cuvettes, disposées au voisinage dudit premier bord d'extrémité.Such heat exchangers are commonly used in as evaporators in air conditioning systems of the vehicle interior. The pockets are each formed two stamped sheet metal plates in the form of bowls, of which the concavities are turned towards each other and which are mutually tightly connected at their periphery, the entry and exit rooms being delimited by bowl regions of greater depth than remaining regions, so as to reserve between two pockets neighboring, opposite said remaining regions, an interval for the passage of the second fluid in the lateral direction, and said openings being formed in the bottoms of the cuvettes, which are in tight mutual contact around the openings. The two bowls of each pocket are in further tightly connected in a middle area of their width and over a substantial fraction of their length from a first end edge, the two branches of said path in U extending on either side of said central zone, as well as said deeper regions of bowls, arranged in the vicinity of said first end edge.

Le but de l'invention est d'améliorer les caractéristiques de fonctionnement de ces évaporateurs.The object of the invention is to improve the characteristics of operation of these evaporators.

L'invention vise notamment un échangeur de chaleur du genre défini en introduction, et prévoit que ladite tubulure est excentrée par rapport auxdites ouvertures.The invention relates in particular to a heat exchanger of the kind defined in the introduction, and provides that said tubing is eccentric with respect to said openings.

On constate que le fait de placer la tubulure dans une position excentrée plutôt que dans une position centrée améliore à la fois le rendement global de l'échange de chaleur et l'homogénéité de celui-ci dans le volume de l'échangeur, ainsi que celle de la température de l'air en sortie de l'évaporateur.It can be seen that placing the tubing in a eccentric position rather than in a centered position improves both the overall efficiency of the exchange of heat and the homogeneity of it in the volume of the exchanger, as well as that of the air temperature in outlet of the evaporator.

Des caractéristiques optionnelles de l'invention, complémentaires ou alternatives, sont énoncées ci-après:

  • Les conduites de liaison sont en nombre égal dans les deux boítes collectrices, les conduites de liaison amont et aval appartenant respectivement aux deux boítes collectrices.
  • Lesdites ouvertures sont allongées et la tubulure est décalée dans la direction de leur longueur par rapport aux centres des ouvertures.
  • Lesdites ouvertures sont allongées dans la direction latérale et la tubulure est décalée vers l'extérieur de l'échangeur par rapport aux centres des ouvertures.
  • La tubulure est en contact avec le bord de chaque ouverture, en particulier sensiblement au point de celui-ci le plus éloigné du centre.
  • La tubulure présente une section circulaire qui coïncide en partie avec une portion sensiblement semi-circulaire du bord de l'ouverture.
  • La tubulure alimente la conduite de liaison amont.
  • La tubulure est brasée aux bords des ouvertures. On obtient dans ce cas une liaison rigide de la tubulure et des pochettes, qui réduit les bruits émis par l'échangeur par suite des vibrations et de l'écoulement du fluide.
  • Les directions longitudinale et latérale sont sensiblement horizontales, les boítes collectrices étant disposées à la partie supérieure de l'échangeur.
Optional, complementary or alternative features of the invention are set out below:
  • The connecting pipes are equal in number in the two manifolds, the upstream and downstream connecting pipes belonging respectively to the two manifolds.
  • Said openings are elongated and the tubing is offset in the direction of their length relative to the centers of the openings.
  • Said openings are elongated in the lateral direction and the tubing is offset towards the outside of the exchanger relative to the centers of the openings.
  • The tubing is in contact with the edge of each opening, in particular substantially at the point thereof furthest from the center.
  • The tubing has a circular section which partly coincides with a substantially semi-circular portion of the edge of the opening.
  • The tubing supplies the upstream connection pipe.
  • The tubing is brazed at the edges of the openings. In this case, a rigid connection of the tubing and the sleeves is obtained, which reduces the noise emitted by the exchanger as a result of the vibrations and the flow of the fluid.
  • The longitudinal and lateral directions are substantially horizontal, the manifolds being arranged at the top of the exchanger.

Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention seront exposés plus en détail dans la description ci-après, en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels:

  • La figure 1 est une vue partielle d'un évaporateur selon l'invention, en coupe selon la ligne I-I de la figure 2;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de dessus de l'évaporateur, en coupe selon la ligne II-II de la figure 1; et
  • les figures 3 et 4 sont des diagrammes comparatifs illustrant sous forme de courbes certaines caractéristiques de fonctionnement de l'évaporateur des figures 1 et 2 et d'un évaporateur selon l'état de la technique.
The characteristics and advantages of the invention will be explained in more detail in the description below, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a partial view of an evaporator according to the invention, in section along line II of Figure 2;
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the evaporator, in section along line II-II of Figure 1; and
  • Figures 3 and 4 are comparative diagrams illustrating in the form of curves certain operating characteristics of the evaporator of Figures 1 and 2 and of an evaporator according to the prior art.

L'évaporateur illustré, destiné à un dispositif de climatisation de l'habitacle d'un véhicule automobile, comprend une multiplicité de pochettes 1 mutuellement empilées dans une direction longitudinale sensiblement horizontale, et formées chacune de deux plaques de tôle embouties en forme de cuvettes 2 et 3. Ces dernières sont identiques entre elles et ont leurs concavités tournées l'une vers l'autre, soit respectivement vers des seconde et première extrémités longitudinales 5, 4 de l'empilement. Chaque cuvette présente un bord périphérique 6 situé dans un plan vertical, et les bords périphériques 6 des deux cuvettes formant une pochette sont mutuellement assemblés de façon étanche au fluide, par brasage, pour délimiter le volume intérieur de la pochette. Chaque cuvette présente en outre, à sa partie supérieure, deux régions 7 d'une profondeur plus grande que celle de la région restante 8, cette dernière occupant la majeure partie de la hauteur de la cuvette, au-dessous des régions 7. Ces deux régions de plus grande profondeur de chaque cuvette, juxtaposées de la gauche vers la droite des figures, définissent dans chaque pochette une chambre d'entrée et une chambre de sortie pour le fluide réfrigérant. La chambre d'entrée et la chambre de sortie de chaque pochette sont séparées l'une de l'autre par une zone de jonction étanche 9 entre les deux cuvettes à mi-largeur de la pochette, cette zone de jonction se raccordant au bord 6 à l'extrémité supérieure 10 de la pochette et se prolongeant vers le bas jusqu'au voisinage de l'extrémité inférieure de la pochette de façon à définir dans celle-ci, en regard des régions 8 des cuvettes, un trajet en U pour le fluide entre la chambre d'entrée et la chambre de sortie. Le fond de chaque cuvette est traversé, dans chacune des régions 7 de plus grande profondeur, par une ouverture 11 et les fonds tournés l'un vers l'autre d'une cuvette 2 et d'une cuvette 3 adjacentes sont mutuellement liés de façon étanche autour des ouvertures, par brasage. The illustrated evaporator, intended for an air conditioning system of the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, includes a multiple pockets 1 mutually stacked in one substantially horizontal longitudinal direction, and formed each of two stamped sheet metal plates cuvettes 2 and 3. These are identical to each other and have their concavities turned towards each other, either towards second and first ends respectively longitudinal 5, 4 of the stack. Each bowl has a peripheral edge 6 situated in a vertical plane, and the peripheral edges 6 of the two bowls forming a pocket are mutually assembled in a fluid-tight manner, by soldering, to define the interior volume of the pouch. Each bowl also has, at its upper part, two regions 7 of greater depth than that of the remaining region 8, the latter occupying most of the height of the bowl, below regions 7. These two regions of greater depth of each bowl, juxtaposed from left to right of the figures, define in each pocket an entry room and a room outlet for the refrigerant. The entrance room and the outlet chamber of each pocket are separated one on the other by a tight junction zone 9 between the two halfway down the pocket, this junction area connecting to edge 6 at the upper end 10 of the pocket and extending down to the vicinity of the lower end of the cover so as to define in this one, in relation to the regions 8 of the basins, a journey in U for the fluid between the inlet chamber and the exit. The bottom of each bowl is crossed, in each regions 7 of greater depth, through an opening 11 and the bottoms facing one another of a bowl 2 and of an adjacent 3 bowl are mutually linked so waterproof around the openings, by soldering.

L'alignement des chambres d'entrée/sortie situées du côté gauche des figures forme une boíte collectrice 16, et l'alignement des chambres d'entrée/sortie situé sur le côté droit forme une boíte collectrice 17. La boíte collectrice 16 est subdivisée par une cloison transversale 18 en une conduite de liaison 12 s'étendant de cette cloison à l'extrémité 4 de l'empilement et une conduite de liaison 14 s'étendant de la cloison à l'extrémité 5. De même, une cloison transversale 19, plus éloignée de l'extrémité 4 que la cloison 18, sépare la boíte collectrice 17 en une conduite de liaison 13 adjacente à l'extrémité 4 et une conduite de liaison 15 adjacente à l'extrémité 5. Des plaques d'extrémités 20 et 21 sont brasées aux fonds des cuvettes 2,3 situées aux extrémités 4,5 de l'empilement respectivement de manière à obturer les ouvertures 11 de ces cuvettes, et contribuent à délimiter les conduites de liaison. Les chambres d'entrée/sortie formant une même conduite de liaison communiquent entre elles par les ouvertures 11 des cuvettes 2,3.The alignment of the inlet / outlet chambers located on the side left of the figures forms a manifold 16, and the alignment of the inlet / outlet chambers located on the side right forms a manifold 17. The manifold 16 is subdivided by a transverse partition 18 into a connecting line 12 extending from this partition at the end 4 of the stack and a connecting pipe 14 extending from the bulkhead to the end 5. Similarly, a bulkhead transverse 19, further from the end 4 than the partition 18, separates the manifold 17 into a link 13 adjacent to the end 4 and a link 15 adjacent to the end 5. End plates 20 and 21 are brazed to the bottom of the cups 2,3 located at the ends 4.5 of the stack respectively so to close the openings 11 of these bowls, and contribute to delimit the connecting pipes. The entry / exit rooms forming a single connecting pipe communicate between them by the openings 11 of the bowls 2,3.

Une tubulure d'entrée 22 s'étend sur toute la longueur de la conduite de liaison 14 et traverse de manière étanche la plaque d'extrémité 21 et la cloison intermédiaire 18, auxquelles elle est brasée, de manière à mettre en communication la conduite de liaison 12 avec la partie du circuit de fluide réfrigérant située en amont de l'évaporateur. Une tubulure de sortie 23 traverse également la plaque 21 et débouche dans la conduite de liaison 15, de manière à mettre celle-ci en communication avec la partie aval du circuit.An inlet pipe 22 extends over the entire length of the connecting pipe 14 and crosses the end plate 21 and the intermediate partition 18, to which it is soldered, so as to put in communication the connecting line 12 with the part of the circuit refrigerant located upstream of the evaporator. A outlet pipe 23 also passes through plate 21 and opens into the connecting pipe 15, so as to put this in communication with the downstream part of the circuit.

Le fluide réfrigérant pénétrant dans la conduite de liaison 12 par la tubulure 22 passe ensuite dans la conduite de liaison 13, en empruntant, en parallèle, les trajets en U d'un premier groupe de pochettes. Il est ensuite transféré à la conduite de liaison 14, par l'intermédiaire des trajets en U d'un second groupe de pochettes, puis à la conduite de liaison 15, par l'intermédiaire des trajets en U d'un troisième et dernière groupe de pochettes. Le fluide quitte enfin l'évaporateur par la tubulure 23. Lors de la circulation dans les trajets en U, le fluide reçoit de la chaleur d'un flux d'air qui traverse l'évaporateur horizontalement de la droite vers la gauche, selon la flèche F1, en passant par les intervalles qui séparent les pochettes en regard des régions 8 des cuvettes.The refrigerant entering the connection line 12 through the tubing 22 then passes into the line of link 13, using U-shaped paths in parallel of a first group of covers. It is then transferred to the connecting pipe 14, via the paths at U of a second group of sleeves, then driving link 15, via the U-shaped paths of a third and last group of covers. The fluid leaves finally the evaporator through the pipe 23. During circulation in U-shaped paths, the fluid receives heat of an air flow which crosses the evaporator horizontally from right to left, along arrow F1, passing through the intervals between the pockets next to the 8 regions of the bowls.

Selon l'invention, la tubulure 22 est décalée par rapport aux centres des ouvertures 11 des cuvettes qui définissent la boíte collectrice 16. Dans l'exemple illustré, la tubulure est décalée vers la gauche, c'est-à-dire vers l'aval par rapport au flux d'air F1. Plus particulièrement, le contour de chaque ouverture 11 a une forme ovale et est composée de deux segments de droite horizontaux 30 et de deux demi-cercles 31 dont les concavités sont tournées l'une vers l'autre et qui sont tangents aux segments 30. La tubulure 22 a un diamètre extérieur égal au diamètre des demi-cercles 31 et vient s'appuyer sur le bord des ouvertures qu'elle traverse, et est brasée à ce bord, sur toute la longueur du demi-cercle 31 situé à gauche.According to the invention, the tubing 22 is offset from the centers of the openings 11 of the bowls which define the manifold 16. In the example illustrated, the tubing is shifted to the left, i.e. downstream by in relation to the air flow F1. More specifically, the outline of each opening 11 has an oval shape and is composed of two horizontal straight lines 30 and two semicircles 31 whose concavities are turned one towards the other and which are tangent to the segments 30. The tubing 22 has an outside diameter equal to the diameter of the semicircles 31 and comes to rest on the edge of the openings it cross, and is brazed to this edge, over the entire length of the semicircle 31 located on the left.

En variante, on peut envisager que le diamètre de la tubulure 22 soit inférieur à celui des demi-cercles 31, le contact étant alors sensiblement ponctuel.As a variant, it can be envisaged that the diameter of the tubing 22 is less than that of the semicircles 31, the contact then being substantially punctual.

Sur chacune des figures 3 et 4, la courbe en trait pointillé et la courbe en trait plein sont relatives respectivement à l'évaporateur illustré et à un évaporateur différant de celui-ci par le fait que l'axe de la tubulure 22 passe par les centres des ouvertures qu'elle traverse. Les courbes de la figure 3 et celles de la figure 4 montrent respectivement la puissance calorifique échangée en kW et la température de l'air sortant en °C, en fonction du débit d'air en kilogrammes/heure traversant l'évaporateur, la température de l'air entrant étant 30 °C.In each of Figures 3 and 4, the dotted line curve and the solid line curve respectively relate to the illustrated evaporator and to an evaporator different from this by the fact that the axis of the tubing 22 passes through the centers of the openings it crosses. The curves of Figure 3 and those of Figure 4 respectively show the heat output exchanged in kW and the temperature of the outgoing air in ° C, depending on the air flow rate in kilograms / hour passing through the evaporator, the air temperature incoming being 30 ° C.

On constate une amélioration significative des performances de l'évaporateur grâce à l'invention.There is a significant improvement in performance of the evaporator thanks to the invention.

La disposition selon l'invention améliore également l'homogénéité de l'échange de chaleur dans le volume de l'évaporateur, et par conséquent l'homogénéité de la répartition de température au sein du flux d'air sortant de celui-ci, avec atténuation des phénomènes de points chauds et de points froids.The arrangement according to the invention also improves the homogeneity heat exchange in the evaporator volume, and therefore the homogeneity of the distribution of temperature within the air flow leaving it, with attenuation of the phenomena of hot spots and points cold.

Par ailleurs, le brasage de la tubulure aux bords des ouvertures, sur une longueur importante de ceux-ci, entraíne une rigidification et une réduction des bruits de fonctionnement.In addition, the brazing of the tubing at the edges of the openings, over a significant length thereof, causes stiffening and reduction of operating noise.

Bien que la disposition particulière décrite conduise à des performances optimales, il est possible de s'en écarter tout en bénéficiant de l'invention. Ainsi, la tubulure peut être partiellement décalée par rapport aux centres des ouvertures sans atteindre les extrémités latérales de celles-ci. Elle peut être décalée vers le milieu de la largeur de l'évaporateur, et non vers l'extérieur. Elle peut être décalée vers l'aval par rapport au flux d'air, ou transversalement par rapport à celui-ci. Elle n'est pas nécessairement brasée au bord des ouvertures. La tubulure décalée selon l'invention peut être une tubulure de sortie en communication avec la conduite de liaison aval. Il est également possible de prévoir un nombre impair de conduites de liaison, l'entrée et la sortie du fluide s'effectuant du même côté de l'évaporateur, gauche ou droit par référence aux figures 1 et 2.Although the particular arrangement described leads to optimal performance, it is possible to deviate from it benefiting from the invention. So the tubing can be partially offset from the centers of the openings without reaching the lateral ends thereof. She can be offset towards the middle of the width of the evaporator, and not outwards. It can be shifted to downstream with respect to the air flow, or transversely with compared to this one. It is not necessarily soldered to edge of openings. The offset tubing according to the invention may be an outlet pipe in communication with the downstream link pipe. It is also possible to provide an odd number of connecting pipes, the inlet and the fluid outlet being carried out on the same side of the evaporator, left or right with reference to Figures 1 and 2.

L'évaporateur peut par ailleurs fonctionner dans une orientation dans l'espace différente de celle décrite.The evaporator can also operate in one orientation in the space different from that described.

Claims (12)

Échangeur de chaleur pour l'échange de chaleur entre un premier fluide et un second fluide, notamment évaporateur pour un dispositif de climatisation de l'habitacle d'un véhicule, comprenant un empilement de pochettes (1) mutuellement alignées dans une direction longitudinale, et présentant deux boítes collectrices (16,17) mutuellement juxtaposées dans une direction latérale, formées chacune par l'alignement, dans la direction longitudinale, de chambres d'entrée ou de sortie appartenant respectivement aux différentes pochettes, les boítes collectrices étant subdivisées dans leur ensemble en au moins trois conduites de liaison (12-15), les conduites de liaison qui appartiennent à une même boíte collectrice se succédant dans la direction longitudinale et ne communiquant pas directement entre elles, tandis que dans chaque conduite de liaison les chambres d'entrée ou de sortie communiquent mutuellement par des ouvertures (11) ménagées dans les parois des pochettes, les pochettes définissant un parcours pour le premier fluide entre une conduite de liaison amont (12) adjacente à une première extrémité longitudinale (4) de l'empilement et une conduite de liaison aval (15) adjacente à la seconde extrémité longitudinale (5) de l'empilement, en passant alternativement d'une conduite de liaison appartenant à l'une des boítes collectrices à une conduite de liaison appartenant à l'autre boíte collectrice, par l'intermédiaire de trajets en U dont chacun relie entre elles les chambres d'entrée et de sortie d'une même pochette, les conduites de liaison amont et aval étant reliées à des passages d'entrée et de sortie prévus à l'une (5) desdites extrémités longitudinales, l'une (15) directement (23) et l'autre (12) par l'intermédiaire d'une tubulure (22) traversant les ouvertures (11) de la ou des conduites de liaison (14) interposées entre cette même extrémité (5) et ladite autre conduite de liaison (12), caractérisé en ce que ladite tubulure est excentrée par rapport auxdites ouvertures.Heat exchanger for heat exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid, in particular an evaporator for a passenger compartment air conditioning system vehicle, comprising a stack of pockets (1) mutually aligned in a longitudinal direction, and having two manifolds (16,17) mutually juxtaposed in a lateral direction, each formed by alignment, in the longitudinal direction, from the entry chambers or output belonging respectively to the different pockets, the manifolds being subdivided into their assembly in at least three connecting pipes (12-15), the connecting pipes which belong to the same box successive collector in the longitudinal direction and not communicating directly with each other, while in each connecting pipe the inlet or outlet chambers communicate with each other through openings (11) in the walls of the pockets, the pockets defining a route for the first fluid between a connecting pipe upstream (12) adjacent to a first longitudinal end (4) of the stack and a downstream connecting pipe (15) adjacent to the second longitudinal end (5) of stacking, passing alternately from a connection belonging to one of the manifolds to a connecting pipe belonging to the other manifold, via U-shaped paths, each of which connects between they the entry and exit chambers of the same pocket, the upstream and downstream connecting pipes being connected to entry and exit passages provided in one (5) of said longitudinal ends, one (15) directly (23) and the other (12) via a tubing (22) passing through the openings (11) of the connecting pipe or pipes (14) interposed between this same end (5) and said other connecting pipe (12), characterized in that said tubing is eccentric with respect to said openings. Échangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les conduites de liaison sont en nombre égal dans les deux boítes collectrices, les conduites de liaison amont (12) et aval (15) appartenant respectivement aux deux boítes collectrices (16,17).Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting lines are equal in number in the two manifolds, the connecting pipes upstream (12) and downstream (15) belonging respectively to the two manifolds (16,17). Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que lesdites ouvertures sont allongées et que la tubulure est décalée dans la direction de leur longueur par rapport aux centres des ouvertures.Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said openings are elongated and that the tubing is offset in the direction of their length in relation to the centers of the openings. Échangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que lesdites ouvertures sont allongées dans la direction latérale et que la tubulure est décalée vers l'extérieur de l'échangeur par rapport aux centres des ouvertures.Heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that said openings are elongated in the lateral direction and that the tubing is shifted towards the outside of the exchanger in relation to the centers of openings. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la tubulure est en contact avec le bord de chaque ouverture.Heat exchanger according to one of claims previous, characterized in that the tubing is in contact with the edge of each opening. Échangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 5, rattachée à l'une des revendications 3 et 4, caractérisé en ce que la tubulure est en contact avec le bord de chaque ouverture sensiblement au point de celui-ci le plus éloigné du centre.Heat exchanger according to claim 5, attached to one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the tubing is in contact with the edge of each opening substantially at its most distant point from the center. Échangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la tubulure présente une section circulaire qui coïncide en partie avec une portion sensiblement semicirculaire (31) du bord de l'ouverture.Heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that the tubing has a circular section which partly coincides with a substantially semicircular portion (31) from the edge of the opening. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la tubulure (22) alimente la conduite de liaison amont (12).Heat exchanger according to one of claims previous, characterized in that the tubing (22) feeds the upstream connection pipe (12). Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la tubulure est brasée aux bords des ouvertures.Heat exchanger according to one of claims previous, characterized in that the tubing is brazed to edges of openings. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les directions longitudinale et latérale sont sensiblement horizontales, les boítes collectrices étant disposées à la partie supérieure de l'échangeur.Heat exchanger according to one of claims previous, characterized in that the longitudinal directions and lateral are substantially horizontal, the boxes collectors being arranged at the upper part of the exchanger. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que pochettes sont formées chacune de deux plaques de tôle embouties en forme de cuvettes (2, 3), dont les concavités sont tournées l'une vers l'autre et qui sont mutuellement reliées de façon étanche à leur périphérie (6), les chambres d'entrée et de sortie étant délimitées par des régions (7) des cuvettes de plus grande profondeur que les régions restantes (8), de façon à réserver entre deux pochettes voisines, en regard desdites régions restantes, un intervalle pour le passage du second fluide dans la direction latérale, et lesdites ouvertures étant ménagées dans les fonds des cuvettes, qui sont en contact mutuel étanche autour des ouvertures.Heat exchanger according to one of claims previous, characterized in that pockets are formed each of two stamped sheet metal plates bowls (2, 3), the concavities of which face one each other and which are mutually tightly connected to their periphery (6), the inlet and outlet chambers being delimited by regions (7) of larger basins depth than the remaining regions (8), so as to reserve between two neighboring pockets, facing said regions remaining, an interval for the passage of the second fluid in the lateral direction, and said openings being formed in the bottoms of the bowls, which are in contact sealed mutual around the openings. Échangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que les deux cuvettes de chaque pochette sont en outre reliées de façon étanche en une zone médiane (9) de leur largeur et sur une fraction notable de leur longueur à partir d'un premier bord d'extrémité (10), les deux branches dudit trajet en U s'étendant de part et d'autre de ladite zone médiane, ainsi que lesdites régions (7) de plus grande profondeur des cuvettes, disposées au voisinage dudit premier bord d'extrémité.Heat exchanger according to claim 11, characterized in that the two bowls of each pocket are in additionally tightly connected in a central zone (9) of their width and over a significant fraction of their length at from a first end edge (10), the two branches of said U-shaped path extending on either side of said median zone, as well as said regions (7) of greater depth of the bowls, arranged in the vicinity of said first end edge.
EP98119689A 1997-10-20 1998-10-19 Heat exchanger with improved heat exchange capacity Expired - Lifetime EP0911595B1 (en)

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FR9713117A FR2769974B1 (en) 1997-10-20 1997-10-20 EVAPORATOR WITH IMPROVED HEAT EXCHANGE CAPACITY
FR9713117 1997-10-20

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EP (1) EP0911595B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1167931C (en)
BR (1) BR9804010A (en)
CZ (1) CZ290782B6 (en)
DE (1) DE69803265T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2163835T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2769974B1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA989507B (en)

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FR2825792A1 (en) 2001-06-07 2002-12-13 Valeo Climatisation Evaporator for motor vehicle air conditioning has stacked plates defining U-shaped flow paths between each pair of plates
FR2825793A1 (en) 2001-06-07 2002-12-13 Valeo Climatisation Panel heat exchanger for motor vehicle air conditioning has stacked panels with slotted inlet tube having porous diffuser tube
FR2826439A1 (en) 2001-06-26 2002-12-27 Valeo Climatisation HEAT EXCHANGER, PARTICULARLY EVAPORATOR, WITH IMPROVED PERFERMANCE
FR2924792A1 (en) * 2008-04-17 2009-06-12 Valeo Vymeniky Tepla Heat exchanger for air conditioning motor vehicle, has fluid injecting pipe arranged in part of fluid collecting inlet case situated opposite to outlet of U-shaped channels with respect to longitudinal axis of case

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US7219717B2 (en) * 2002-02-28 2007-05-22 Showa Denko K.K. Evaporator and Refrigeration cycle
CA2381214C (en) * 2002-04-10 2007-06-26 Long Manufacturing Ltd. Heat exchanger inlet tube with flow distributing turbulizer
US7044200B2 (en) * 2004-02-26 2006-05-16 Carrier Corporation Two-phase refrigerant distribution system for multiple pass evaporator coils
US9033030B2 (en) * 2009-08-26 2015-05-19 Munters Corporation Apparatus and method for equalizing hot fluid exit plane plate temperatures in heat exchangers
JP2016031174A (en) * 2014-07-28 2016-03-07 荏原冷熱システム株式会社 refrigerator

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Cited By (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2825792A1 (en) 2001-06-07 2002-12-13 Valeo Climatisation Evaporator for motor vehicle air conditioning has stacked plates defining U-shaped flow paths between each pair of plates
FR2825793A1 (en) 2001-06-07 2002-12-13 Valeo Climatisation Panel heat exchanger for motor vehicle air conditioning has stacked panels with slotted inlet tube having porous diffuser tube
FR2826439A1 (en) 2001-06-26 2002-12-27 Valeo Climatisation HEAT EXCHANGER, PARTICULARLY EVAPORATOR, WITH IMPROVED PERFERMANCE
WO2003001134A1 (en) * 2001-06-26 2003-01-03 Valeo Climatisation Improved performance heat exchanger, in particular an evaporator
US7059395B2 (en) * 2001-06-26 2006-06-13 Valeo Climatisation Performance heat exchanger, in particular an evaporator
CZ296755B6 (en) * 2001-06-26 2006-06-14 Valeo Climatisation Improved performance heat-exchange apparatus, particularly evaporator
FR2924792A1 (en) * 2008-04-17 2009-06-12 Valeo Vymeniky Tepla Heat exchanger for air conditioning motor vehicle, has fluid injecting pipe arranged in part of fluid collecting inlet case situated opposite to outlet of U-shaped channels with respect to longitudinal axis of case

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1216818A (en) 1999-05-19
US6129144A (en) 2000-10-10
CN1167931C (en) 2004-09-22
CZ337798A3 (en) 2000-01-12
EP0911595B1 (en) 2001-11-21
ES2163835T3 (en) 2002-02-01
BR9804010A (en) 2000-02-29
DE69803265T2 (en) 2002-08-08
DE69803265D1 (en) 2002-02-21
ZA989507B (en) 1999-04-20
FR2769974A1 (en) 1999-04-23
CZ290782B6 (en) 2002-10-16
FR2769974B1 (en) 2000-01-07

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