EP1265045B1 - High refrigeration power evaporator for vehicle air conditioning system - Google Patents
High refrigeration power evaporator for vehicle air conditioning system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1265045B1 EP1265045B1 EP02012050A EP02012050A EP1265045B1 EP 1265045 B1 EP1265045 B1 EP 1265045B1 EP 02012050 A EP02012050 A EP 02012050A EP 02012050 A EP02012050 A EP 02012050A EP 1265045 B1 EP1265045 B1 EP 1265045B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- elementary
- path
- heat exchanger
- belonging
- collecting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0202—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions
- F28F9/0204—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
- F28D1/0308—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other
- F28D1/0325—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
- F28D1/0333—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having integrated connecting members
- F28D1/0341—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having integrated connecting members with U-flow or serpentine-flow inside the conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
- F28F9/262—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators for radiators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
- F28D2021/0085—Evaporators
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heat exchanger defining a combined path for a first fluid formed of a multiplicity first elementary paths and a combined path for a second fluid formed of a multiplicity of seconds elementary paths, the first and second paths elementary being alternately arranged in a first direction so that each elementary path for one fluids in thermal contact with at least one path adjacent elementary for the other fluid, each first elementary path having a U-shaped configuration of which both branches extend in a second direction and are shifted relative to each other in a third direction, the first, second and third directions being substantially perpendicular to each other, every second elementary path extending into the third direction of an entrance face of the exchanger, close to a first branch of the first elementary journeys, at a exit face, close to the second branch of the first elementary paths, the two branches of each first elementary path opening into collecting spaces respective spaces, the collecting spaces connected to said first branches and those connected to said second branches being aligned in the first direction in first and second rows respectively, and the collecting spaces communicating two by two in order to establish a combined path
- Such heat exchangers are used in particular as evaporators in vehicle air conditioning loops, the first fluid being a circulating refrigerant in the loop, and the second fluid being air intended for the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
- Evaporators are known in particular in which the refrigerant circulates along a combined path in six passes, a first subset of first elementary journeys defining a first pass starting from a first collector space belonging to the second row and a second pass leading to a second collector space belonging to the first row, a second subset of first elementary paths defining a third pass starting from a third collector area, next to the second collecting space in the first row and communicating with this one, and a fourth pass ending in a fourth collector space next to the first collecting space in the second row and separated from it by a partition, and a third subset of first elementary paths defining a fifth pass starting from a fifth collector space next to the fourth collector space in the second row and communicating with it and a sixth pass leading to a sixth collecting area neighbor of the third collector space in the first row and separated from it by a partition.
- the coolant flows from the second face to the first face of the evaporator, that is, against the current of the air, while flows from the first face to the second face, that is to say in the same direction as the air, between the third pass and the fourth pass.
- evaporator is known from US-5,355,947.
- the object of the invention is in particular to improve the characteristics refrigerators of the evaporator, both in terms of cooling capacity in terms of homogeneity of the cooled air temperature of a second elementary path to the other.
- the invention aims in particular at a heat exchanger of the kind defined in the introduction, and provides that at least one transition is provided between two collector respectively to the two rows, so that, in the first elementary journeys communicating directly with these two collecting spaces, the fluid circulates from one branch to another in the same direction in relation to the third direction.
- FIG. 1 is a top view in section of an evaporator according to the invention.
- Figure 2 is a graph showing performance respective refrigerators of an evaporator according to the invention and a conventional circuit evaporator.
- FIG. 1 represents an evaporator according to the invention, in cut along the plane passing through the axes of the two rows of collecting spaces.
- This evaporator consists essentially by a stack of pockets and inserts corrugated as described for example in FR 2 747 462 A, which can be referred to for more details on the structure of this stack.
- Each pocket 1 is formed of two sheet metal plates stamped in the form of bowls 2 and 3. These are identical to each other and have their concavities turned towards each other, respectively to the right and to the left of the figure.
- Each bowl has a peripheral edge 4 located in a perpendicular plane to that of the figure, and the peripheral edges 4 two cups forming a pocket are mutually assembled in a fluid-tight manner, for example by brazing, to delimit the interior volume of the pouch.
- Each pouch has two head regions 5 and 6, located respectively down and up in the figure, defined by deep-drawn plates 2, 3. The head regions 5 and 6 occupy a minority faction of the height of the evaporator at the top of it, the rest of the height, behind the plane of the figure, being occupied by a region of bodies of smaller thickness.
- regions 5 and 6 of each pouch are separated from each other by a zone of tight junction 7 between the two cuvettes at mid-width of the pocket, this junction zone extending downwards to the vicinity of the bottom end of the pouch in order to define in the body region thereof a elementary U-shaped path for the refrigerant fluid between these two volumes.
- a plate 2 and a plate 3 neighbors belonging two different pockets are mutually supportive their funds 8 in regions 5 and 6, and separated one from the other, in the body region, by a packed gap a corrugated spacer defining an elementary path for the air to be cooled, parallel to the plane of the figure, according to the arrow F1. Funds 8 in mutual contact are brazed together and some of them are crossed by openings 9 making the volumes communicate with each other corresponding interiors.
- the evaporator comprises an inlet insert of fluid 10 and a fluid outlet insert 11 which are stacked with the pockets 1, each insert being interposed between regions 5 and 6 of a pocket on the one hand and the regions 5 and 6 of another pocket on the other hand.
- the inserts 10 and 11 are for example of the type described in FR 2 757 618 A.
- the inserts 10 and 11 are both identical and define each an inlet or outlet tubing 12 protruding with respect to the inlet face 13 of the evaporator, that is to say the face through which the F1 airflow enters, and a interior volume divided by a partition 14 into a part 15 which communicates with the interior volumes of regions 5 of pockets and a part 16 which communicates with the interior volumes of regions 6 of these pockets.
- the refrigerant entering the evaporator through the inlet tubing 12 of the insert 10 is distributed, via of volume 15, between the internal volumes of regions 5 between an end 20 of the evaporator, located on the left of the figure, and a partition 17 formed by the bottoms of two basins without opening 9, these interior volumes forming a first collector space 21.
- the collector space 21 From the collector space 21, the fluid travels in parallel elementary paths in U delimited by the pouches that define it, the branches close to the face 13 and the branches close to the opposite face or face of output 18 respectively forming a first pass and a second pass, the latter leading to a second space collector 22 formed by the interior volumes of the regions 6 the same pouches that form the collecting space 21.
- the collector space 22 communicates through openings 9-1 with a third collector space 23, which is connected to its turn to a fourth collector space 24, separated from the space 21 through the partition 17, through elementary paths in U forming a third pass and a fourth past.
- a transition insert 27 is interposed in the stack of pockets, following the pockets defining the collecting spaces 23 and 24.
- the insert 27 defines a unitary internal volume 28 extending over any the width of the evaporator, not communicating with the outside of it, separated from the space 23 by a wall 29 and communicating with space 24.
- volume 28 communicates with a collecting space 25 formed by the volumes of the regions 6 of the pockets located to the right of the insert 27 and up to the right end 30 of the evaporator, and is separated by a wall 31 of a collecting space 25 formed by the regions 5 of the same pockets.
- the insert 27 passes the fluid of the fourth space manifold 24, located in the row near the face 13, at fifth collector space 25, located in the near row from the face 18, from where he gets through, through U-shaped elementary paths forming fifth and sixth passes, at the sixth collector space 26, which communicates with the outlet tubing 12 via the volume 15 of the output insert 11.
- the cooling fluid circulates twice in a row in the opposite direction of the air according to the arrow F2, namely between the third and fourth passes and between the fifth and sixth passes, the circulation in the same direction as air, according to the arrow F1, only between the first two passes.
- This circuit improves the cooling capacity of the evaporator by compared to the conventional circuit in which the fluid refrigerant flows in the opposite direction of the air between the two first passes and between the last two passes, and in the same meaning as this one between the third and the fourth passes.
- Figure 2 in which the curve in solid line and the curve in broken line represent the variation of the cooling capacity produced according to the air flow, respectively for a evaporator according to the invention and for a similar evaporator conventional circuit.
- the total surface of the holes 32 is included between 3 and 10%, and preferably between 4 and 6%, of the surface of the openings 9 interconnecting two volumes belonging to the same collecting space, or communicating between them two collecting spaces.
- the evaporator has been described above assuming that the leading regions of the pockets lie at the superior, it can also be oriented differently.
- the heat exchanger according to the invention may comprise more than one transition insert.
- the input insert and / or the output insert can be suppressed according to the implantation of the tubings entry and exit.
- the number of passes can be different six.
- the heat exchanger can exert another function than that of an air conditioning evaporator vehicle, and can be realized according to another technology than that of stacked pouches.
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur définissant un trajet combiné pour un premier fluide formé d'une multiplicité de premiers trajets élémentaires et un trajet combiné pour un second fluide formé d'une multiplicité de seconds trajets élémentaires, les premiers et seconds trajets élémentaires étant disposés en alternance dans une première direction de manière que chaque trajet élémentaire pour l'un des fluides soit en contact thermique avec au moins un trajet élémentaire adjacent pour l'autre fluide, chaque premier trajet élémentaire ayant une configuration en U dont les deux branches s'étendent dans une seconde direction et sont décalées l'une par rapport à l'autre dans une troisième direction, les première, seconde et troisième directions étant sensiblement perpendiculaires les unes aux autres, chaque second trajet élémentaire s'étendant dans la troisième direction d'une face d'entrée de l'échangeur, proche d'une première branche des premiers trajets élémentaires, à une face de sortie, proche de la seconde branche des premiers trajets élémentaires, les deux branches de chaque premier trajet élémentaire débouchant dans des espaces collecteurs respectifs, les espaces collecteurs reliés auxdites premières branches et ceux reliés auxdites secondes branches étant alignés dans la première direction en des première et seconde rangées respectivement, et les espaces collecteurs communiquant deux à deux de manière à établir un trajet combiné s'étendant d'un espace collecteur d'entrée à un espace collecteur de sortie situés respectivement à des extrémités opposées de l'échangeur dans la première direction.The invention relates to a heat exchanger defining a combined path for a first fluid formed of a multiplicity first elementary paths and a combined path for a second fluid formed of a multiplicity of seconds elementary paths, the first and second paths elementary being alternately arranged in a first direction so that each elementary path for one fluids in thermal contact with at least one path adjacent elementary for the other fluid, each first elementary path having a U-shaped configuration of which both branches extend in a second direction and are shifted relative to each other in a third direction, the first, second and third directions being substantially perpendicular to each other, every second elementary path extending into the third direction of an entrance face of the exchanger, close to a first branch of the first elementary journeys, at a exit face, close to the second branch of the first elementary paths, the two branches of each first elementary path opening into collecting spaces respective spaces, the collecting spaces connected to said first branches and those connected to said second branches being aligned in the first direction in first and second rows respectively, and the collecting spaces communicating two by two in order to establish a combined path extending from an entrance collector space to a space outlet manifold located respectively at ends opposite of the exchanger in the first direction.
De tels échangeurs de chaleur sont utilisés notamment en tant qu'évaporateurs dans des boucles de climatisation de véhicules, le premier fluide étant un fluide réfrigérant circulant dans la boucle, et le second fluide étant de l'air destiné à l'habitacle du véhicule. Such heat exchangers are used in particular as evaporators in vehicle air conditioning loops, the first fluid being a circulating refrigerant in the loop, and the second fluid being air intended for the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
On connaít en particulier des évaporateurs dans lesquels le fluide réfrigérant circule selon un trajet combiné en six passes, un premier sous-ensemble de premiers trajets élémentaires définissant une première passe partant d'un premier espace collecteur appartenant à la seconde rangée et une seconde passe aboutissant à un second espace collecteur appartenant à la première rangée, un second sous-ensemble de premiers trajets élémentaires définissant une troisième passe partant d'un troisième espace collecteur, voisin du second espace collecteur dans la première rangée et communiquant avec celui-ci, et une quatrième passe aboutissant à un quatrième espace collecteur voisin du premier espace collecteur dans la seconde rangée et séparé de celui-ci par une cloison, et un troisième sous-ensemble de premiers trajets élémentaires définissant une cinquième passe partant d'un cinquième espace collecteur voisin du quatrième espace collecteur dans la seconde rangée et communiquant avec celui-ci et une sixième passe aboutissant à un sixième espace collecteur voisin du troisième espace collecteur dans la première rangée et séparé de celui-ci par une cloison.Evaporators are known in particular in which the refrigerant circulates along a combined path in six passes, a first subset of first elementary journeys defining a first pass starting from a first collector space belonging to the second row and a second pass leading to a second collector space belonging to the first row, a second subset of first elementary paths defining a third pass starting from a third collector area, next to the second collecting space in the first row and communicating with this one, and a fourth pass ending in a fourth collector space next to the first collecting space in the second row and separated from it by a partition, and a third subset of first elementary paths defining a fifth pass starting from a fifth collector space next to the fourth collector space in the second row and communicating with it and a sixth pass leading to a sixth collecting area neighbor of the third collector space in the first row and separated from it by a partition.
Ainsi, de la première passe à la seconde passe, et de la cinquième passe à la sixième passe, le fluide réfrigérant circule de la seconde face vers la première face de l'évaporateur, c'est-à-dire à contre-courant de l'air, tandis qu'il circule de la première face vers la seconde face, c'est-à-dire dans le même sens que l'air, entre la troisième passe et la quatrième passe. Un tel évaporateur est connu par le document US-5,355,947.So, from the first pass to the second pass, and from the fifth pass to the sixth pass, the coolant flows from the second face to the first face of the evaporator, that is, against the current of the air, while flows from the first face to the second face, that is to say in the same direction as the air, between the third pass and the fourth pass. Such an evaporator is known from US-5,355,947.
L'invention a notamment pour but d'améliorer les caractéristiques frigorifiques de l'évaporateur, tant en termes de puissance frigorifique qu'en termes d'homogénéité de la température de l'air refroidi d'un second trajet élémentaire à l'autre.The object of the invention is in particular to improve the characteristics refrigerators of the evaporator, both in terms of cooling capacity in terms of homogeneity of the cooled air temperature of a second elementary path to the other.
L'invention vise notamment un échangeur de chaleur du genre défini en introduction, et prévoit qu'au moins un passage de transition est ménagé entre deux espaces collecteurs appartenant respectivement aux deux rangées, de telle sorte que, dans les premiers trajets élémentaires communiquant directement avec ces deux espaces collecteurs, le fluide circule d'une branche à l'autre dans le même sens par rapport à la troisième direction.The invention aims in particular at a heat exchanger of the kind defined in the introduction, and provides that at least one transition is provided between two collector respectively to the two rows, so that, in the first elementary journeys communicating directly with these two collecting spaces, the fluid circulates from one branch to another in the same direction in relation to the third direction.
Des caractéristiques optionnelles de l'invention, complémentaires ou de substitution, sont énoncées ci-après:
- Dans les premiers trajets élémentaires communiquant directement avec lesdits deux espaces collecteurs, le fluide circule de la seconde branche à la première branche.
- Un seul passage de transition est ménagé qui mène du quatrième espace collecteur, appartenant à la première rangée, au cinquième espace collecteur, appartenant à la seconde rangée.
- L'échangeur de chaleur comprend une multiplicité de pochettes empilées dans la première direction, comportant chacune une région de corps délimitant l'un des premiers trajets élémentaires et deux régions de tête, de plus forte épaisseur que la région de corps, juxtaposées à celle-ci dans la seconde direction et juxtaposées entre elles dans la troisième direction, les régions de tête de deux pochettes voisines de l'empilement présentant des parois respectives appliquées les une contre les autres, tandis que leurs régions de corps délimitent entre elles un second trajet élémentaire, chaque espace collecteur étant formé par le volume intérieur d'une région de tête ou par les volumes intérieurs de régions de tête de plusieurs pochettes communiquant entre elles par des ouvertures ménagées dans lesdites parois, chaque passage de transition étant défini par un insert de transition interposé entre deux pochettes de l'empilement, communiquant d'une part avec le volume intérieur d'une région de tête de l'une de ces deux dernières pochettes, appartenant à la première rangée, d'autre part avec le volume intérieur d'une région de tête de l'autre pochette, appartenant à la seconde rangée.
- Il est prévu au moins un insert d'entrée ou de sortie pour le premier fluide, interposé entre deux pochettes de l'empilement, définissant une tubulure d'entrée ou de sortie en saillie sur l'une desdites faces d'entrée et de sortie de l'échangeur, qu'il fait communiquer avec les volumes intérieurs des régions de tête de ces deux dernières pochettes appartenant à l'une desdites rangées, et faisant communiquer entre eux les volumes intérieurs des régions de tête des mêmes pochettes appartenant à l'autre rangée.
- Des perforations sont ménagées dans au moins une cloison séparant entre eux deux espaces collecteurs voisins d'une même rangée, pour créer un chemin de fuite pour le premier fluide en dérivation du ou des premiers trajets élémentaires interposés entre ces deux espaces collecteurs.
- Lesdites perforations sont ménagées dans une paroi de l'insert de transition.
- Ledit chemin de fuite est créé entre les troisième et cinquième espaces collecteurs.
- La surface totale des perforations ménagées dans une cloison est comprise entre 3 et 10 %, et de préférence entre 4 et 6 %, de la section de passage entre deux espaces collecteurs communiquant directement entre eux.
- Lesdites perforations ont un diamètre compris entre 1 et 3 mm.
- In the first elementary paths communicating directly with said two collecting spaces, the fluid flows from the second branch to the first branch.
- A single transition passage is provided which leads from the fourth collector space, belonging to the first row, to the fifth collector space, belonging to the second row.
- The heat exchanger comprises a multiplicity of pouches stacked in the first direction, each having a body region defining one of the first elementary paths and two leading regions, of greater thickness than the body region, juxtaposed to that ci in the second direction and juxtaposed them in the third direction, the leading regions of two pockets close to the stack having respective walls applied against each other, while their body regions delimit between them a second elementary path each collecting space being formed by the interior volume of a head region or by the interior volumes of head regions of a plurality of pockets communicating with each other through apertures in said walls, each transition passage being defined by a transition insert. interposed between two pockets of the stack, communicating on the one hand with the interior volume of a leading region of one of the latter two pockets, belonging to the first row, and secondly with the interior volume of a head region of the other pocket, belonging to the second row .
- There is at least one inlet or outlet insert for the first fluid, interposed between two pockets of the stack, defining an inlet or outlet tubing projecting from one of said inlet and outlet faces. of the exchanger, that it communicates with the interior volumes of the leading regions of these last two pockets belonging to one of said rows, and communicating with each other the interior volumes of the head regions of the same pockets belonging to the other row.
- Punctures are provided in at least one partition separating two adjacent collecting spaces of the same row, to create a leakage path for the first fluid bypassing the first elementary path or paths interposed between these two collecting spaces.
- Said perforations are formed in a wall of the transition insert.
- Said escape path is created between the third and fifth collector spaces.
- The total surface of the perforations in a partition is between 3 and 10%, and preferably between 4 and 6%, of the passage section between two collector spaces communicating directly with each other.
- Said perforations have a diameter of between 1 and 3 mm.
Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention seront exposés plus en détail dans la description ci-après, en se référant aux dessins annexés.The features and advantages of the invention will be described in more detail in the description below, referring to the attached drawings.
La figure 1 est une vue de dessus en coupe d'un évaporateur selon l'invention. FIG. 1 is a top view in section of an evaporator according to the invention.
La figure 2 est un graphique montrant les performances frigorifiques respectives d'un évaporateur selon l'invention et d'un évaporateur à circuitage classique.Figure 2 is a graph showing performance respective refrigerators of an evaporator according to the invention and a conventional circuit evaporator.
La figure 1 représente un évaporateur selon l'invention, en
coupe selon le plan passant par les axes des deux rangées
d'espaces collecteurs. Cet évaporateur est constitué essentiellement
par un empilement de pochettes et d'intercalaires
ondulés tel que décrit par exemple dans FR 2 747 462 A,
auquel on pourra se reporter pour plus de détails sur la
structure de cet empilement. Chaque pochette 1 est formée de
deux plaques de tôle embouties en forme de cuvettes 2 et 3.
Ces dernières sont identiques entre elles et ont leurs
concavités tournées l'une vers l'autre, soit respectivement
vers la droite et vers la gauche de la figure. Chaque cuvette
présente un bord périphérique 4 situé dans un plan perpendiculaire
à celui de la figure, et les bords périphériques 4
des deux cuvettes formant une pochette sont mutuellement
assemblés de façon étanche au fluide, par exemple par
brasage, pour délimiter le volume intérieur de la pochette.
Chaque pochette présente deux régions de tête 5 et 6, situées
respectivement vers le bas et vers le haut de la figure,
définies par des emboutis profonds des plaques 2, 3. Les
régions de tête 5 et 6 occupent une fraction minoritaire de
la hauteur de l'évaporateur à la partie supérieure de celui-ci,
le reste de la hauteur, en arrière du plan de la figure,
étant occupé par une région de corps de plus faible épaisseur.
Les volumes intérieurs des régions 5 et 6 de chaque
pochette sont séparés l'un de l'autre par une zone de
jonction étanche 7 entre les deux cuvettes à mi-largeur de la
pochette, cette zone de jonction se prolongeant vers le bas
jusqu'au voisinage de l'extrémité inférieure de la pochette
de façon à définir dans la région de corps de celle-ci un
trajet élémentaire en U pour le fluide réfrigérant entre ces
deux volumes. Une plaque 2 et une plaque 3 voisines appartenant
à deux pochettes différentes sont en appui mutuel par
leurs fonds 8 dans les régions 5 et 6, et séparées l'une de
l'autre, dans la région de corps, par un intervalle garni
d'un intercalaire ondulé définissant un trajet élémentaire
pour l'air à refroidir, parallèlement au plan de la figure,
selon la flèche F1. Les fonds 8 en contact mutuel sont brasés
ensemble et certains d'entre eux sont traversés par des
ouvertures 9 faisant communiquer entre eux les volumes
intérieurs correspondants.FIG. 1 represents an evaporator according to the invention, in
cut along the plane passing through the axes of the two rows
of collecting spaces. This evaporator consists essentially
by a stack of pockets and inserts
corrugated as described for example in
De manière connue, l'évaporateur comprend un insert d'entrée
de fluide 10 et un insert de sortie de fluide 11 qui sont
empilés avec les pochettes 1, chaque insert étant interposé
entre les régions 5 et 6 d'une pochette d'une part et les
régions 5 et 6 d'une autre pochette d'autre part. Les inserts
10 et 11 sont par exemple du type décrit dans FR 2 757 618 A.
Les inserts 10 et 11 sont tous deux identiques et définissent
chacun une tubulure d'entrée ou de sortie 12 faisant saillie
par rapport à la face d'entrée 13 de l'évaporateur, c'est-à-dire
la face par laquelle pénètre le flux d'air F1, et un
volume intérieur divisé par une cloison 14 en une partie 15
qui communique avec les volumes intérieurs des régions 5 des
pochettes voisines et une partie 16 qui communique avec les
volumes intérieurs des régions 6 de ces pochettes.In known manner, the evaporator comprises an inlet insert
of fluid 10 and a
Le fluide réfrigérant pénétrant dans l'évaporateur par la
tubulure d'entrée 12 de l'insert 10 se répartit, par l'intermédiaire
du volume 15, entre les volumes intérieurs des
régions 5 compris entre une extrémité 20 de l'évaporateur,
située à gauche de la figure, et une cloison 17 formée par
les fonds de deux cuvettes non munis d'ouverture 9, ces
volumes intérieurs formant un premier espace collecteur 21.
A partir de l'espace collecteur 21, le fluide parcourt en
parallèle les trajets élémentaires en U délimités par les
pochettes qui le définissent, les branches proches de la face
13 et les branches proches de la face opposée ou face de
sortie 18 formant respectivement une première passe et une
seconde passe, cette dernière aboutissant à un second espace
collecteur 22 formé par les volumes intérieurs des régions 6
des mêmes pochettes qui forment l'espace collecteur 21.
L'espace collecteur 22 communique par des ouvertures 9-1 avec
un troisième espace collecteur 23, lequel est relié à son
tour à un quatrième espace collecteur 24, séparé de l'espace
21 par la cloison 17, par l'intermédiaire de trajets élémentaires
en U formant une troisième passe et une quatrième
passe.The refrigerant entering the evaporator through the
Selon l'invention, un insert de transition 27 est interposé
dans l'empilement de pochettes, à la suite des pochettes
définissant les espaces collecteurs 23 et 24. L'insert 27
définit un volume intérieur unitaire 28 s'étendant sur toute
la largeur de l'évaporateur, ne communiquant pas avec
l'extérieur de celui-ci, séparé de l'espace 23 par une paroi
29 et communiquant avec l'espace 24. De même, le volume 28
communique avec un espace collecteur 25 formé par les volumes
intérieurs des régions 6 des pochettes situées à droite de
l'insert 27 et jusqu'à l'extrémité droite 30 de l'évaporateur,
et est séparé par une paroi 31 d'un espace collecteur
26 formé par les régions 5 des mêmes pochettes. Ainsi,
l'insert 27 fait passer le fluide du quatrième espace
collecteur 24, situé dans la rangée proche de la face 13, au
cinquième espace collecteur 25, situé dans la rangée proche
de la face 18, d'où il parvient, par l'intermédiaire de
trajets élémentaires en U formant des cinquième et sixième
passes, au sixième espace collecteur 26, lequel communique
avec la tubulure de sortie 12 par l'intermédiaire du volume
15 de l'insert de sortie 11.According to the invention, a
Grâce à l'insert de transition 27, le fluide réfrigérant circule deux fois de suite en sens inverse de l'air selon la flèche F2, à savoir entre les troisième et quatrième passes et entre les cinquième et sixième passes, la circulation s'effectuant dans le même sens que l'air, selon la flèche F1, seulement entre les deux premières passes. Ce circuitage améliore la puissance frigorifique de l'évaporateur par rapport au circuitage classique dans lequel le fluide réfrigérant circule en sens inverse de l'air entre les deux premières passes et entre les deux dernières passes, et dans le même sens que celui-ci entre les troisième et quatrième passes. C'est ce que montre la figure 2, dans laquelle la courbe en trait plein et la courbe en trait interrompu représentent la variation de la puissance frigorifique produite en fonction du débit d'air, respectivement pour un évaporateur selon l'invention et pour un évaporateur analogue à circuitage classique.Thanks to the transition insert 27, the cooling fluid circulates twice in a row in the opposite direction of the air according to the arrow F2, namely between the third and fourth passes and between the fifth and sixth passes, the circulation in the same direction as air, according to the arrow F1, only between the first two passes. This circuit improves the cooling capacity of the evaporator by compared to the conventional circuit in which the fluid refrigerant flows in the opposite direction of the air between the two first passes and between the last two passes, and in the same meaning as this one between the third and the fourth passes. This is shown in Figure 2, in which the curve in solid line and the curve in broken line represent the variation of the cooling capacity produced according to the air flow, respectively for a evaporator according to the invention and for a similar evaporator conventional circuit.
On constate également une amélioration de l'homogénéité de la température de l'air refroidi d'une extrémité à l'autre de l'évaporateur.There is also an improvement in the homogeneity of the air temperature cooled from one end to the other of the evaporator.
Ces caractéristiques de fonctionnement peuvent encore être
améliorées en prévoyant dans la paroi 29 des trous 32 créant
un chemin de fuite entre les espaces collecteurs 23 et 25.
Avantageusement, la surface totale des trous 32 est comprise
entre 3 et 10 %, et de préférence entre 4 et 6 %, de la
surface des ouvertures 9 reliant entre eux deux volumes
appartenant à un même espace collecteur, ou faisant communiquer
entre eux deux espaces collecteurs.These operating characteristics can still be
improved by providing in the
Bien que l'évaporateur ait été décrit ci-dessus en supposant que les régions de tête des pochettes se situent à la partie supérieure, il peut également être orienté différemment.Although the evaporator has been described above assuming that the leading regions of the pockets lie at the superior, it can also be oriented differently.
L'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation décrit et représenté. En particulier, l'échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention peut comporter plus d'un insert de transition. L'insert d'entrée et/ou l'insert de sortie peuvent être supprimés en fonction de l'implantation des tubulures d'entrée et de sortie. Le nombre de passes peut être différent de six. L'échangeur de chaleur peut exercer une autre fonction que celle d'un évaporateur de climatisation de véhicule, et peut être réalisé selon une autre technologie que celle des pochettes empilées.The invention is not limited to the embodiment described to be present. In particular, the heat exchanger according to the invention may comprise more than one transition insert. The input insert and / or the output insert can be suppressed according to the implantation of the tubings entry and exit. The number of passes can be different six. The heat exchanger can exert another function than that of an air conditioning evaporator vehicle, and can be realized according to another technology than that of stacked pouches.
Claims (10)
- Heat exchanger, especially an evaporator for a vehicle air-conditioning loop, defining a combined path for a first fluid formed by a multiplicity of first elementary paths and a combined path for a second fluid formed by a multiplicity of second elementary paths, the first and second elementary paths being arranged in alternating fashion in a first direction in such a way that each elementary path for one of the fluids is in thermal contact with at least one adjacent elementary path for the other fluid, each first elementary path having a U-shaped configuration in which the two branches of the U extend in a second direction and are offset relative to one another in a third direction, the first, second and third directions being substantially perpendicular to one another, each second elementary path extending in the third direction from an inlet face (13) of the exchanger, close to a first branch of the first elementary paths, to an outlet face (18), close to the second branch of the first elementary paths, the two branches of each first elementary path opening into respective collecting spaces, the collecting spaces (21, 24, 26) connected to the said first branches and those (22, 23, 25) connected to the said second branches being aligned in the first direction in first and second rows respectively, and the collecting spaces communicating in pairs in such a way as to establish a combined path extending from an inlet collecting space (21) to an outlet collecting space (26) which are respectively situated at opposite ends (20, 30) of the exchanger in the first direction, characterized in that at least one transition passage (28) is formed between two collecting spaces (24, 25) respectively belonging to the two rows, such that, in the first elementary paths communicating directly with these two collecting spaces, the fluid circulates from one branch to the other in the same direction (F2) with respect to the third direction.
- Heat exchanger according to Claim 1, in which, in the first elementary paths communicating directly with the said two collecting spaces, the fluid circulates from the second branch to the first branch.
- Heat exchanger according to Claim 2, comprising six collecting spaces traversed successively by the first fluid and defining for the latter a combined path in six passes, starting from a first collecting space (21) belonging to the first row and ending at a sixth collecting space (26) belonging to the first row, and in which there is formed a single transition passage (28) which leads from the fourth collecting space (24), belonging to the first row, to the fifth collecting space (25), belonging to the second row.
- Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a multiplicity of pockets (1) stacked in the first direction, each including a body region delimiting one of the first elementary paths and two head regions (5, 6), of greater thickness than the body region, which are juxtaposed with the latter in the second direction and juxtaposed with one another in the third direction, the head regions of two adjacent pockets of the stack having respective walls (8) placed against one another, while their body regions delimit between them a second elementary path, each collecting space being formed by the inner volume of a head region or by the inner volumes of head regions of several pockets communicating with one another by means of openings (9) made in the said walls, each transition passage being defined by a transition insert (27) interposed between two pockets of the stack, communicating on the one hand with the inner volume of a head region (5) of one of these two latter pockets, belonging to the first row, and on the other hand with the inner volume of a head region (6) of the other pocket, belonging to the second row.
- Heat exchanger according to Claim 4, in which there is provided at least one inlet or outlet insert (10, 11) for the first fluid, interposed between two pockets of the stack, defining an inlet or outlet pipe (12) projecting from one of the said inlet and outlet faces of the exchanger, which it brings into communication with the inner volumes of the head regions (5) of these two latter pockets belonging to one of the said rows, and bringing into communication with one another the inner volumes of the head regions (6) of the same pockets belonging to the other row.
- Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, in which perforations (32) are formed in at least one partition (29) separating from one another two adjacent collecting spaces (23, 25) of the same row, in order to create an escape path for the first fluid bypassing the first elementary path or paths interposed between these two collecting spaces.
- Heat exchanger according to Claim 6, in connection with Claim 4, in which the said perforations are made in a wall (29) of the transition insert (27).
- Heat exchanger according to either of Claims 6 and 7, in connection with Claim 3, in which the said escape path is created between the third and fifth collecting spaces.
- Heat exchanger according to one of Claims 6 to 8, in which the total area of the perforations made in a partition is between 3 and 10%, and preferably between 4 and 6%, of the passage section (9) between two collecting spaces communicating directly with one another.
- Heat exchanger according to one of Claims 6 to 9, in which the said perforations have a diameter of between 1 and 3 mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0107452 | 2001-06-07 | ||
| FR0107452A FR2825791B1 (en) | 2001-06-07 | 2001-06-07 | HIGH REFRIGERATION POWER EVAPORATOR FOR VEHICLE AIR CONDITIONING LOOP |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1265045A2 EP1265045A2 (en) | 2002-12-11 |
| EP1265045A3 EP1265045A3 (en) | 2003-05-28 |
| EP1265045B1 true EP1265045B1 (en) | 2004-10-13 |
Family
ID=8864051
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02012050A Expired - Lifetime EP1265045B1 (en) | 2001-06-07 | 2002-05-31 | High refrigeration power evaporator for vehicle air conditioning system |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1265045B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE279706T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60201554T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2825791B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101598505B (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2013-11-27 | 法雷奥热系统公司 | Heat exchanger with high cooling power |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10229973A1 (en) | 2002-07-03 | 2004-01-29 | Behr Gmbh & Co. | Heat exchanger |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5355947A (en) * | 1993-10-25 | 1994-10-18 | Chrysler Corporation | Heat exchanger having flow control insert |
| GB9503683D0 (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 1995-04-12 | Gen Motors Corp | Heat exchanger and coupling member therfor |
| US6321562B1 (en) * | 1999-06-29 | 2001-11-27 | Calsonic Kansei Corporation | Evaporator of automotive air-conditioner |
-
2001
- 2001-06-07 FR FR0107452A patent/FR2825791B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-05-31 AT AT02012050T patent/ATE279706T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-05-31 DE DE60201554T patent/DE60201554T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-31 EP EP02012050A patent/EP1265045B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101598505B (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2013-11-27 | 法雷奥热系统公司 | Heat exchanger with high cooling power |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2825791A1 (en) | 2002-12-13 |
| EP1265045A2 (en) | 2002-12-11 |
| DE60201554T2 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
| ATE279706T1 (en) | 2004-10-15 |
| DE60201554D1 (en) | 2004-11-18 |
| FR2825791B1 (en) | 2003-09-05 |
| EP1265045A3 (en) | 2003-05-28 |
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