EP0908676B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre d'une chaudière fonctionnant aux hydrocarbures liquides ou gazeux - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre d'une chaudière fonctionnant aux hydrocarbures liquides ou gazeux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0908676B1
EP0908676B1 EP98118987A EP98118987A EP0908676B1 EP 0908676 B1 EP0908676 B1 EP 0908676B1 EP 98118987 A EP98118987 A EP 98118987A EP 98118987 A EP98118987 A EP 98118987A EP 0908676 B1 EP0908676 B1 EP 0908676B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
atomizing air
moistening
atomizing
boiler
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98118987A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0908676A2 (fr
EP0908676A3 (fr
Inventor
Per Rosén
Jan Wettergaard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carl Munters Euroform GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Carl Munters Euroform GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carl Munters Euroform GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Carl Munters Euroform GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0908676A2 publication Critical patent/EP0908676A2/fr
Publication of EP0908676A3 publication Critical patent/EP0908676A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0908676B1 publication Critical patent/EP0908676B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/002—Supplying water
    • F23L7/005—Evaporated water; Steam

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for operating one with liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons, especially heating oil or natural gas, fired boiler with the characteristics of the generic term of Claim 1.
  • the invention relates also refer to a device for performing a such a method with the features of the preamble of claim 5.
  • Modern boilers are now fired with heating oil or natural gas.
  • the combustion of the hydrocarbons that form these fuels produces flue gases that contain certain undesirable constituents that lead to harmful air pollution.
  • a particularly harmful component here are nitrogen oxides or nitrogen oxides (NO x ).
  • NO x nitrogen oxides
  • a not insignificant part of these NO x emissions is generated by the flue gases from hydrocarbon-fired boilers.
  • NO x is harmful in that it contributes to the formation of the photochemical smog in a complicated manner. As a result, the amount of ozone near the ground can be increased. Furthermore, NO x leads to acidification of the soil and the water. It also poses a health risk, especially for asthma sufferers.
  • FR 2 555 711 A describes a method with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a device with the features of the preamble of claim 5 known.
  • the atomizing air arrives in a gas washer and is heated there Washed water, which is a scrubber for the flue gases is removed. Details of the water supply and contacting the water with the atomizing air are not disclosed in this publication. Furthermore is does not reveal why the atomizing air supplied is "washed" becomes.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus for operating a boiler fired with liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons, with which or with which the NO x content in the flue gases of the boiler can be reduced.
  • NO x is formed at high temperatures (above 1300 ° C), the proportion of which increases exponentially with increasing temperatures. Furthermore, a certain time and an excess of oxygen are required for the formation of NO x . Depending on the actual combustion conditions, different fractions of nitrogen oxides are formed. The high temperature peaks are compensated for by the supplied moist air. With respect to the total combustion air, the nitrogen source is also reduced and the excess of oxygen is somewhat reduced, since, unlike air, the water vapor produced does not contain any free oxygen.
  • the atomizing air for the fuel is subjected to the humidification process.
  • the liquid vapor content achieved by the moistening is intimately mixed with the fuel particles, so that the desired effect occurs.
  • the liquid vapor supplied is thus fed directly to the combustion core, as a result of which the desired combustion conditions are established, which result in a reduction in the NO x gases.
  • the humectant (preferably water) is convenient heated before contacting the atomizing air, to allow the appropriate formation of liquid vapor or to facilitate. It is only necessary heat the liquid slightly because by contacting the compressed atomizing air, if necessary large quantities of liquid evaporate and thus the Properties of the atomizing air changed significantly can be. A low temperature is achieved the atomizing air, which is beneficial to combustion affects to achieve or maintain.
  • the atomizing air is expediently in countercurrent contacted with the humectant.
  • the atomizing air from the bottom up and the humidifier led from top to bottom are expediently in countercurrent contacted with the humectant.
  • both media for contact in cross flow or even lead in direct current it is through it suitable in all directions.
  • the atomizing air is expediently used before humidification compressed (via a compressor or a blower), so that when they come into contact with the liquid accordingly is heated and evaporation through heat exchange of the liquid supplied.
  • the method according to the invention is completely self-regulating.
  • the liquid used is distilled by the process. Since the throughput of the atomizing air increases after the humidification process, there is the possibility of greatly reducing the energy consumption, more than is required for the use of an extra pump for circulating the liquid for the humidification process. In addition to reducing NO x emissions and other environmentally harmful substances in the flue gas of the boiler, the energy consumption for the blower or the compressor of the atomizing air can be reduced.
  • the humidification device is preferably in the atomizing air flow direction after a blower or compressor arranged for the atomizing air.
  • a blower or such a compressor is used for air supply anyway needed for the burner.
  • provided humidification device in existing Systems can be installed without much additional effort. To do this, the humidifier and a Liquid circuit integrated in the existing pipe system become.
  • the humidifier is preferably a humidification tower.
  • the humidification device itself has in particular one Connection for the atomizing air, a connection for the Humidifier and an atomizer for that Humectants.
  • a connection for the humidifier When training the humidification device as a humidification tower is the connection for the humidifier at the top of the tower, and the atomizer is located in the upper tower area.
  • the connection for the atomizing air is at the bottom Tower end.
  • the moistening device has a contact body contains the humidifier with Is atomized using the atomizing device (nozzle).
  • the humidifier thus falls in the form of a mist down and is collected at the bottom of the humidification tower, from which it is returned from the circuit to the upper end of the tower becomes.
  • the compressed and heated atomizing air from below into the humidification tower introduced and flows upwards, using the liquid mist comes into contact.
  • the outlet for the moistened Atomizing air is preferably also on upper end of the tower.
  • the device preferably also has a device for preheating the humidifier before contact with the atomizing air.
  • a heat exchanger which preferably receives thermal energy from the boiler of the device.
  • the liquid is pumped into a liquid circuit circulates the pump, the heat exchanger and contains the humidification tower.
  • the Liquid collected at the bottom of the humidification tower also be drained.
  • the liquid itself is preferably Water. However, other liquids or Liquid mixtures are used with which the same or an appropriate purpose can be achieved.
  • the invention is described below using an exemplary embodiment in connection with the single drawing in detail explained.
  • the drawing shows the schematic structure a device designed according to the invention.
  • the illustration shows schematically a boiler 1 with a Burner 2, which is connected to fuel via a fuel line 3, for example heating oil. Also owns the burner 2 an atomizing air supply line 4. Die atomizing air supplied with this serves for atomizing the fuel to form a fuel-air mixture, which is subjected to a combustion process.
  • Embodiment is the atomizing air from the blower 9 under pressure and in the heated state in a humidification tower 5 introduced.
  • the introduction follows at the bottom of the tower. From an appropriate line 8 the atomizing air is blown upwards.
  • a contact body 7 made of a suitable material.
  • a liquid feed line opens into the tower 10 shown liquid circuit. Act on the liquid it is water.
  • the water is pump 11 fed to a heat exchanger 12 and heated there. The thermal energy To heat the water, the boiler 1 come.
  • the water supplied is only partially evaporated. A larger part is collected in the lower one End range of the humidification tower 5 and from there put back into the liquid circuit 10. alternative excess water can be drained off, as at 13 shown.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé pour la mise en oeuvre d'une chaudière (1) fonctionnant aux hydrocarbures liquides ou gazeux, en particulier au mazout de chauffage ou au gaz naturel, dans lequel du combustible et de l'air de pulvérisation sont introduits dans le brûleur (2) de la chaudière et le mélange formé de combustible et d'air est brûlé, l'air de pulvérisation étant soumis à un processus d'humidification avant le mélange avec le combustible, dans lequel l'air de pulvérisation est mis en contact avec un liquide pour son humidification et dans lequel le liquide est chauffé avant la mise en contact de l'air de pulvérisation, caractérisé par les étapes suivantes:
    1. pulvérisation du liquide et formation d'un nuage de liquide,
    2. envoi du nuage de liquide et de l'air de pulvérisation au-dessus d'un corps de contact (7) et mise en contact de ceux-ci avec le corps de contact (7),
    3. évaporation d'au moins une partie du nuage de liquide par le contact avec l'air de pulvérisation, et
    4. convection de la partie évaporée du liquide avec l'air de pulvérisation.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'air de pulvérisation est mis en contact à contre-courant avec le liquide.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'énergie calorifique produite par la chaudière (1) est utilisée pour préchauffer le liquide.
  4. Procédé selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'air de pulvérisation est comprimé avant l'humidification.
  5. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon une des revendications précédentes comprenant une chaudière (1) avec un brûleur (2) et avec un conduit d'alimentation (3) en combustible ainsi qu'un conduit d'alimentation (4) en air de pulvérisation pour le brûleur (2), dans lequel il est prévu dans le brûleur (2) ou dans le conduit d'alimentation (4) en air de pulvérisation, un dispositif d'humidification (5) pour l'air de pulvérisation qui présente un raccordement pour l'air de pulvérisation et un raccordement pour le liquide utilisé pour l'humidification, et dans lequel le dispositif a un dispositif (12) pour le préchauffage du liquide avant le contact avec l'air de pulvérisation, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'humidification (5) présente un dispositif de pulvérisation (6) pour le liquide et un corps de contact (7).
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'humidification (5) est disposé dans le sens du courant de l'air de pulvérisation après une soufflante ou un compresseur (9) pour l'air de pulvérisation.
EP98118987A 1997-10-10 1998-10-07 Procédé et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre d'une chaudière fonctionnant aux hydrocarbures liquides ou gazeux Expired - Lifetime EP0908676B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19744867A DE19744867A1 (de) 1997-10-10 1997-10-10 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines mit flüssigen oder gasförmigen Kohlenwasserstoffen befeuerten Kessels
DE19744867 1997-10-10

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0908676A2 EP0908676A2 (fr) 1999-04-14
EP0908676A3 EP0908676A3 (fr) 1999-05-19
EP0908676B1 true EP0908676B1 (fr) 2003-01-08

Family

ID=7845199

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98118987A Expired - Lifetime EP0908676B1 (fr) 1997-10-10 1998-10-07 Procédé et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre d'une chaudière fonctionnant aux hydrocarbures liquides ou gazeux

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US6210150B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0908676B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19744867A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6464492B1 (en) * 2001-04-26 2002-10-15 John Zink Company, Llc Methods of utilizing boiler blowdown for reducing NOx
CA2430088A1 (fr) 2003-05-23 2004-11-23 Acs Engineering Technologies Inc. Methode et appareil de production de vapeur
US8858223B1 (en) * 2009-09-22 2014-10-14 Proe Power Systems, Llc Glycerin fueled afterburning engine

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE15207C (de) * W. D. DlCKEY in New-York, V. St. A Neuerungen an Dampfkesselfeuerungen
US3183864A (en) * 1962-02-14 1965-05-18 Combustion Eng Method and system for operating a furnace
US3938934A (en) * 1974-11-08 1976-02-17 Scm Corporation Fuel economizer process and apparatus
US4009984A (en) * 1976-03-08 1977-03-01 Morrison Charles F Vapor injection system for fuel combustion
US4089633A (en) * 1976-03-29 1978-05-16 Barghout Alexander S Combustion vapor generator
US4173450A (en) * 1976-03-29 1979-11-06 Allied Energy Corporation Device for injecting air processed to increase its humidity into oil burning furnaces
US4162140A (en) * 1977-09-26 1979-07-24 John Zink Company NOx abatement in burning of gaseous or liquid fuels
DE3025851C2 (de) * 1980-07-08 1982-06-03 Johannes Josef Dr.-Ing. 8000 München Martin Rostfeuerung
US4533314A (en) * 1983-11-03 1985-08-06 General Electric Company Method for reducing nitric oxide emissions from a gaseous fuel combustor
FR2555711A1 (fr) * 1983-11-28 1985-05-31 Seccacier Chaudiere a gaz
DE3621314A1 (de) * 1986-06-25 1988-01-07 Kiesel Geb Rothkegel Vera Luftwaescher zur befeuchtung und temperierung von luft in klimaanlagen odgl.
US5620503A (en) * 1993-11-04 1997-04-15 Tom Miller, Inc. Humidifier and method for humidifying air
US5832846A (en) * 1996-01-11 1998-11-10 Public Service Electric And Gas Corporation Water injection NOx control process and apparatus for cyclone boilers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59806854D1 (de) 2003-02-13
EP0908676A2 (fr) 1999-04-14
EP0908676A3 (fr) 1999-05-19
DE19744867A1 (de) 1999-04-15
US6210150B1 (en) 2001-04-03

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