EP0908530A1 - Blatt für eine Säge oder ein Messer und Herstellungsverfahren - Google Patents
Blatt für eine Säge oder ein Messer und Herstellungsverfahren Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0908530A1 EP0908530A1 EP98118991A EP98118991A EP0908530A1 EP 0908530 A1 EP0908530 A1 EP 0908530A1 EP 98118991 A EP98118991 A EP 98118991A EP 98118991 A EP98118991 A EP 98118991A EP 0908530 A1 EP0908530 A1 EP 0908530A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nitrogen
- steel
- base sheet
- hrc
- hardness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
- C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
- C23C8/32—Carbo-nitriding of ferrous surfaces
Definitions
- the invention relates to a base sheet or base material according to the generic term of claim 1.
- a basic material for the production of master sheets for circular saws, cutting discs, frame saws and Cutting and scraping devices is from the European Patent application EP 0 751 234 known.
- the base sheet instead of a steel, whose carbon content is between 0.25 and 1 percent is a low-carbon base steel (case hardening steel) with a carbon content of 0.1 to 0.2 Percent used. Carbon is then added to this steel carburized so that from its outer wall areas towards the inner core a carburized area with a from the outer edge of the outer wall to the non-carburized one Decreasing carbon content is present.
- the Depth of the carburized area is said to be selected be that after hardening and tempering a third the total thickness of the base steel is soft and two thirds stay strong. The core remains unhardened.
- the two-sided Carburizing is used to make a sandwich-like raw material for the saw industry. It should be one higher hardness on the surface with the same operating or Break resistance can be achieved and noise emissions be reduced in operation.
- the invention has for its object a base sheet or a method for producing a base sheet to specify at which while reducing leaf warming a reduced cutting width during operation simultaneous increase in cutting speed is possible.
- nitrogen and to a lesser extent carbon diffuses superficially into the base steel, with nitrogen uptake dominating.
- Carbonitrides and in lower zones nitrides.
- the process parameters are chosen so that a connection zone with subsequent diffusion zone.
- the ceramic-like character of this Surface has the character of a lubricant.
- the thermotechnical Treatment takes place at temperatures below 600 ° Celsius, i.e. at temperatures far below of case hardening, where only carbon up to deep layers is diffused. At these temperatures is the solvent power of steel for carbon very low.
- the diffusion parameters of nitrogen diffusion are chosen so that the diffusion zone protrudes up to a maximum of 400 micrometers into the core material.
- the diffusion depth is preferably Nitrogen 200 microns. But it is also planned that the diffusion depth is only 100 microns is.
- the surface hardness 300 to 400 HV.
- the surface hardness can be 500 to 650 HV 1.
- higher alloyed steels chrome, vanadium, Molybdenum
- the hardness at 300 to 450 HV 1 (32 and 50 HRC) lie. It is preferably there depending on the selected one Steel quality in the range between 350 and 430 HV (38 up to 48 HRC).
- Base steel is a tempered material, especially a martensitic steel can be chosen overall better material properties.
- the nitrogen and carbon content near the surface Connection zone is almost constant.
- the nitrogen concentration in contrast, in the diffusion zone continuously with a constant over wide ranges Gradients down to the core concentration.
- the core concentration which can also be zero, becomes after 400 micrometers reached. As a result of this concentration gradient there is a continuous drop in hardness in the Diffusion zone to the core area.
- Such steels can also be used as basic steels with vanadium, chrome or molybdenum or Are alloyed with nickel. Regarding such steels to the article by H. Berns: "Tools made of martensitic Stahl in 292 Z w F 66 (1971), Issue 6 "noted.
- the diffusion in accordance with the invention is carried out by a process called nitro carburizing at temperatures up to 570 ° Celsius.
- the temperature is preferably above 480 ° Celsius.
- Nitrogen can be used in carbides Replace part of the carbon and in the carbides are recorded, forming carbonitrides.
- the steel can before Treatment to improve its core properties be compensated. With a previous remuneration or tempering treatment, however, the tempering temperature must 20 ° to 30 ° higher than the treatment temperature in thermochemical treatment. But it can also lie lower. Then another start takes place in Core.
- Nitro carburizing can be done in a gas as well as by applied powder.
- carbon and Nitrogen in a mixture of ammonia and one Carburizing gas.
- lime nitrogen used as a powder.
- the amount of carbon diffused in is essential less than that of nitrogen. Nitro carburization but is preferably done in a salt bath.
- the base sheets so made, either later hard metal cutting edges are soldered or diamond rubbers applied or incised teeth can be up to approx. 500 ° in operation Warm up Celsius without any harmful conversion he follows.
- the technology according to the invention allows the thickness to reduce the saw blades.
- a base sheet with a diameter of 400 millimeters which for example has a wall thickness of 3 millimeters the wall thickness to 2.4 millimeters or even less be reduced. A 20% reduction is possible.
- the internal residual stresses built up compensate for the reduction in thickness Dimensional stability. The fatigue strength is significantly increased.
- a layer material (sediment material) is created with a hardened or tempered core, which, in contrast to the known layer material, is not is soft, but a uniform martensite structure having.
- the material initially forms one hardened zone with increasing nitrogen content towards the edge out.
- the connection layer directly on the edge forms special nitro carbides and has a smooth surface.
- the hardening takes place during the diffusion phase and can be achieved without quenching.
- the treatment temperature is comparatively low.
- a Variant of the method can be 520 to 560 °.
- the process is alloyed on all types of steel or not alloyed, applicable. That is advantageous Increase in fatigue strength, corrosion resistance and the temperature resistance.
- the nitrided Layer retains its high hardness up to approx. 500 ° Celsius.
- the combination of reducing heat generation on the one hand smooth connection zone with the other hand the high temperature stability allows higher wear resistance and better sliding properties.
- the one with the Manufacturing accompanying large residual compressive stress allowed the production of thin saw blades with the same Stability. With the manufacturing goes a big one Bracing that allows thin saw blades to produce without fluttering at high speeds occurs.
- a base steel can be both carbon-rich as well low carbon steel can be used. Is preferred but such a steel is used without any after-treatment is hardenable, a base steel with from the edge to Core constant carbon content. In the base steel becomes bilateral due to the thermochemical treatment in the near-surface area nitrogen and Carbon diffused.
- the hardness profiles in the 5 are shown with the letters A, B, C, refer to a circular saw blade, as in the 1 and 2 is shown.
- the basic saw blade 1 forms two opposite surfaces 3, 4 and has tooth-like extensions that the carbide plates 2, which form the saw teeth.
- the Width of the hard metal plate 2 is larger than that Strength of the base sheet 1, so that the actual cutting activity from the hard metal plate 2 and not from the one that is nitro-carburized on both sides in the area near the surface Base sheet is exercised.
- Example A is a so-called CV2 steel with a core hardness of 438 HV 1.
- a surface hardness is formed from 707 to 720 HV 1.
- the depth of hardness is 0.09 mm and the connection layer thickness is 3 to 4 Micrometer. So nitro carburizing only the outermost thin surface layer with carbon enriched, which is a nitrogen-carbon compound acts. To deeper areas of the The base sheet then takes the nitrogen concentration steadily.
- the Hardness gradient in the near-surface area 2.9 HV 1 pro Micrometer or 0.148 HRC per micrometer.
- Example B is a type steel 032 with a core hardness of 376 HV 1 Nitro carburizing surface hardness is 614 up to 624 HV 1. The hardness depth is 0.1 mm and the Link layer thickness 4 to 5 microns. The hardness gradient on the surface is 4 HV 1 per micrometer or 0.22 HRC per micron.
- Example C a steel with the designation S2 was used used, the core hardness is 375 HV 1. After this Nitro carburizing has a surface hardness of 695 to 705 HV 1. The hardness depth is 0.09 mm and the connecting layer thickness 3 to 4 microns. The hardness gradient in the area near the surface is 3 HV 1 per micrometer or 0.18 HRC per micron.
- Nitro carburizing becomes a ceramic smooth, high sliding properties steel surface produced, so that warming is minimized when sawing and also the abrasion from the wood to be sawn.
- 3 and 4 is a section in cross section a master sheet for a circular knife is shown.
- the Steel thickness is 5 mm. While it is with the steels Examples A to C for low-alloy steels acted, it is the embodiment, 3 and 4, to a high-alloy Steel.
- the course of the Vickers hardness is in the Fig. 6 shown.
- Fig. 3 represents the base sheet for a circular knife in which there is still no cutting edge. This takes place only after nitro carburizing a corresponding removal of material from the surface, so that the tapered surface sections 13, 14 of the base sheet 11 by training form a cutting edge 15 on both sides.
- the cutting edge 15 in one material lies outside the nitrogen diffusion range, namely in the middle of the sheet.
- the high-alloy steel is nitro-carburized on both sides such that the surface hardness is 1,150 HV 1. In the core area the hardness is around 540 HV 1. The The gradient near the surface is around 7 HV 1 per micrometer or 0.3 HRC per micrometer.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
- Knives (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- einen Ausschnitt aus einem Sägeblatt aus nitrokarburiertem Basisstahl mit aufgebrachten Hartmetallplättchen,
- Fig. 2
- ein Schnitt gemäß der Linie II-II in Fig. 1,
- Fig. 3
- ein Basisblatt für einen Kreismesser vor dem Abziehen der Schneide,
- Fig. 4
- ein Kreismesserblatt gemäß Fig. 3 nach durch Abziehen ausgebildeter Schneide,
- Fig. 5
- einen Härtequerschnitt im oberflächennahen Bereich dreier Basisblätter für ein Kreissägeblatt aus unterschiedlichen Stählen, wobei nach links die Tiefe in Millimetern und nach oben die Vickers-Härte 1 abgetragen ist und
- Fig. 6
- eine Darstellung gemäß Fig. 5 eines Basisblattes für einen Kreismesser.
Claims (12)
- Thermochemisch behandeltes Basisblatt für ein Stammblatt, eines Kreissägeblattes, Trennsägeblattes, Kreismessers, Maschinenmessers oder dergleichen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stahl derart nitrokarburiert ist, daß die Eindringtiefe von Kohlenstoff bei maximal 20 Mikrometern liegt und die Eindringtiefe von Stickstoff bei maximal 400 Mikrometern.
- Basisblatt nach Anspruch 1 oder insbesondere danach, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Stickstoff mit zum Kern hin flacher werdenden Konzentrationsgradienten eindiffundiert ist.
- Basisblatt nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche oder insbesondere danach, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stahl aufgrund seiner chemischen Zusammensetzung aus einem ohne Nachbehandlung härtbarem Basisstahl besteht mit vom Rand zum Kern hin konstanten Kohlenstoffgehalt, wobei in dem Basisstahl durch thermochemische Behandlung beidseitig in den oberflächennahen Bereich Stickstoff und Kohlenstoff eindiffundiert ist mit einem zum Kernbereich hin abfallenden Stickstoffgehalt.
- Basisblatt nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ausprüche oder insbesondere danach, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberflächenhärte im Bereich bis 60 HRC bzw. 715 HV 1 oder höher beispielsweise zwischen 54 und 68 HRC bzw. 600 und 940 HV 1 liegt und im Kernbereich die Härte zwischen 32 und 50 HRC bzw. 315 und 530 HV 1 liegt.
- Basisblatt nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ausprüche oder insbesondere danach, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Härte im Stickstoffdiffusionsbereich mit einem Härtegradient von 0,05 bis 0,04 HRC/Mikrometer, vorzugsweise 0,15 bis 0,25 HRC/Mikrometer für Sägeblätter oder ca. 0,3 bis 0,4 HRC/Mikrometer für Messerblätter, abnimmt.
- Basisblatt nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ausprüche oder insbesondere danach, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Kern ein vergütetes Martensitgefüge vorhanden ist.
- Basisblatt nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ausprüche oder insbesondere danach, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Konzentration von Stickstoff sowie die Gesamtdicke des Blattes so gewählt sind, daß die im diffusionsfreien Kern sich zufolge randseitiger Volumenausdehnung aufgebaute Zugspannung größer ist als die bei der Maximaldrehzahl auftretenden Fliehkräfte.
- Basisblatt nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche oder insbesondere danach, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Basisstahl ein martensitbildender Stahl ist.
- Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Basisblattes für ein Sägeblatt, insbesondere Stammblatt, wobei in den Basisstahl simultan Stickstoff und Kohlenstoff eindiffundiert werden bei einer Behandlungstemperatur von bis 600° Celsius und einer Behandlungszeit, so daß die Eindringtiefe von Kohlenstoff bei maximal 20 Mikrometern liegt und die Eindringtiefe von Stickstoff bei maximal 400 Mikrometern.
- Verfahren insbesondere nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch den Aufbau der Verbindungszone ein keramische ähnlicher Charakter erzielt wird, der ausgezeichnete Gleiteigenschaften besitzt.
- Verfahren insbesondere nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erhöhung der Dauerschwingfestigkeit bis ca. 500° Belastungstemperatur erhalten bleibt.
- Basisblatt nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche oder insbesondere danach, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsschicht aus einer Fe2-3N oder Fe4N Verbindungsschicht besteht.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19744512 | 1997-10-09 | ||
DE19744512A DE19744512A1 (de) | 1997-10-09 | 1997-10-09 | Basisblatt oder Basismaterial für ein Stammblatt, Kreissägeblatt, Trennsägeblatt, Kreismesser, Maschinenmesser |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0908530A1 true EP0908530A1 (de) | 1999-04-14 |
EP0908530B1 EP0908530B1 (de) | 2002-09-04 |
Family
ID=7844988
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98118991A Expired - Lifetime EP0908530B1 (de) | 1997-10-09 | 1998-10-08 | Blatt für eine Säge oder ein Messer und Herstellungsverfahren |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0908530B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE223513T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19744512A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2180106T3 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018194511A1 (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2018-10-25 | Husqvarna Ab | Cutting blade and method for producing such a blade |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006054022B4 (de) * | 2006-11-16 | 2012-05-24 | Xaver Mayer | Sägekette für Motorkettensäge |
DE102012106351B4 (de) * | 2012-07-13 | 2015-11-19 | C. & E. Fein Gmbh | Sägeblatt oder Trennschleifblatt aus martensitischem Edelstahl oder Stahl sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
DE102021125083A1 (de) | 2021-09-28 | 2023-03-30 | Sprick Gmbh Bielefelder Papier- Und Wellpappenwerke & Co. | Guillotine-Abtrennstation |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2105549A1 (en) * | 1971-02-06 | 1972-08-10 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Nitriding iron and ferroalloys - using gaseous nitrogen-contg cpds with org additive |
DE2228746A1 (de) * | 1971-06-15 | 1972-12-21 | Statni Vyzkumny Ustav Material | Verfahren zur Herstellung von bei tiefer Temperatur karbonitnerten Schichten an Eisenlegierungen mit höherem Kohlenstoffgehalt |
EP0555694A2 (de) * | 1992-02-12 | 1993-08-18 | Esm Ennepetaler Schneid- Und Mähtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Klinge aus Stahl für den land- und forstwirtschaftlichen Bereich |
EP0751234A1 (de) * | 1995-06-30 | 1997-01-02 | CARL AUG. PICARD GMBH & CO. KG. | Basismaterial für die Herstellung von Stammblättern für Kreissägen, Trennscheiben, Gattersägen sowie Schneid- und Schabvorrichtungen |
-
1997
- 1997-10-09 DE DE19744512A patent/DE19744512A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-10-08 DE DE59805388T patent/DE59805388D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-08 EP EP98118991A patent/EP0908530B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-08 ES ES98118991T patent/ES2180106T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-08 AT AT98118991T patent/ATE223513T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2105549A1 (en) * | 1971-02-06 | 1972-08-10 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Nitriding iron and ferroalloys - using gaseous nitrogen-contg cpds with org additive |
DE2228746A1 (de) * | 1971-06-15 | 1972-12-21 | Statni Vyzkumny Ustav Material | Verfahren zur Herstellung von bei tiefer Temperatur karbonitnerten Schichten an Eisenlegierungen mit höherem Kohlenstoffgehalt |
EP0555694A2 (de) * | 1992-02-12 | 1993-08-18 | Esm Ennepetaler Schneid- Und Mähtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Klinge aus Stahl für den land- und forstwirtschaftlichen Bereich |
EP0751234A1 (de) * | 1995-06-30 | 1997-01-02 | CARL AUG. PICARD GMBH & CO. KG. | Basismaterial für die Herstellung von Stammblättern für Kreissägen, Trennscheiben, Gattersägen sowie Schneid- und Schabvorrichtungen |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
F. HOFFMANN ET AL: "VERSCHLEISSWIDERSTAND NITRIERTER UND NITROCARBURIERTER STÄHLE", HÄRTEREI TECHNISCHE MITTEILUNGEN, vol. 52, no. 6, 1997, pages 376 - 386, XP000735232 * |
H. BERNS: "Werkzeuge aus martensitaushärtendem Stahl", ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR WIRTSCHAFTLICHE FERTIGUNG, vol. 66, no. 6, 1971, München, DE, pages 292 - 295, XP002091401 * |
UWE VOLKER MÜNZ: "Dynamisches Prüfen von Kreissägeblättern", MASCHINENMARKT, vol. 103, no. 4, 1997, Würzburg, DE, pages 26 - 31, XP002091400 * |
W. LERCHE ET AL.: "Gasoxinitrieren von Schneid-, Umform- und Zerspanungswerkzeugen", NEUE HÜTTE, vol. 36, no. 5, May 1991 (1991-05-01), Leipzig, DE, pages 184 - 187, XP002091402 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018194511A1 (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2018-10-25 | Husqvarna Ab | Cutting blade and method for producing such a blade |
RU2720283C1 (ru) * | 2017-04-21 | 2020-04-28 | Хускварна Аб | Режущее полотно и способ изготовления такого полотна |
US11701724B2 (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2023-07-18 | Husqvarna Ab | Cutting blade and method for producing such a blade |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE223513T1 (de) | 2002-09-15 |
EP0908530B1 (de) | 2002-09-04 |
DE59805388D1 (de) | 2002-10-10 |
ES2180106T3 (es) | 2003-02-01 |
DE19744512A1 (de) | 1999-04-15 |
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