EP0907804B1 - Dispositif de mise en rotation - Google Patents

Dispositif de mise en rotation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0907804B1
EP0907804B1 EP97924057A EP97924057A EP0907804B1 EP 0907804 B1 EP0907804 B1 EP 0907804B1 EP 97924057 A EP97924057 A EP 97924057A EP 97924057 A EP97924057 A EP 97924057A EP 0907804 B1 EP0907804 B1 EP 0907804B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bucket
excavator
extension arm
hydraulic
fastening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97924057A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0907804A1 (fr
Inventor
Kalle Eero Moilanen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Metallikoneistamo E Moilanen KY
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Metallikoneistamo E Moilanen KY
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Metallikoneistamo E Moilanen KY filed Critical Metallikoneistamo E Moilanen KY
Publication of EP0907804A1 publication Critical patent/EP0907804A1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2264—Arrangements or adaptations of elements for hydraulic drives
    • E02F9/2275—Hoses and supports therefor and protection therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3677—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like allowing movement, e.g. rotation or translation, of the tool around or along another axis as the movement implied by the boom or arms, e.g. for tilting buckets

Definitions

  • Digging by a conventional excavator is conducted so that the excavator is positioned as advantageously as possible with regard to the work to be carried out; it is then supported in place by stabilizers, whereafter digging may be started.
  • the excavation movement is conducted vertically to the machine (back hoe) or away from it (offset), which entails that the location of the machine has to be changed relatively often so that digging would be possible everywhere.
  • the change of location reduces considerably the effective working time, because, especially in close places and in difficult terrain, it takes a lot of time to search for a steady "foothold".
  • a known problem is also that, for a relatively minor excavation work, large quantities of masses have to transferred in vain, due to the inadvantageous position of the excavator or tractor excavator.
  • the object of the present invention is a rotating apparatus for rotating the extension arm of an excavator or a similar machine.
  • the apparatus preferably comprises fastening plates for the extension arm and bucket with connecting elements, a body, a clutch shoe, friction material, a fastening plate for the body, a slide bearing arrangement with lubrication channels, a locking cylinder, a rotary actuator, a hydraulic accumulator, a lock valve, direction valves, limit switches, and a control arrangement, and the necessary electric and hydraulic conductors.
  • the rotating apparatus is attached between two extension arms or similar parts, for example between an excavator bucket and extension arm, thus making it possible to continuously change the position of the bucket as desired and as is advantageous for each particular work stage.
  • the present invention enables fast rotation of the extension arms of an excavator, rock drill machine, forest tractor, passenger hoist, truck crane, etc., into an advantageous working position.
  • an excavator in close places, near walls or on roadwork sites in busy street areas
  • the present invention also provides a circular or arcuate work movement.
  • the rotation and work movements of the bucket can also be carried out semi-automatically or fully automatically by controlling the hydraulic arrangement with a suitable control arrangement.
  • Excavation costs will be reduced, as the amount of earth masses to be moved will be smaller, and as the location of the excavator will not have to be changed so often.
  • a good example of this is a situation in which a tractor excavator equipped with the rotating device may be used to dig a pole hole without having to move the machine during work and without having to dig an oversized hole.
  • the excavation method may be changed by rotating the bucket 180° from a more generally used position required by the so-called back hoe excavation method, whereafter it is possible to use the machine for the so-called offset excavation method. Changing the excavation method provides the work with extra range, and it is thus possible to dig excavations with deep edges and with rectangular bottom shape.
  • the apparatus of the present invention is simple and reliable, and inexpensive, so that it is also financially possible to purchase it, for example, as an accessory for an excavator.
  • FIGs 1, 2, 3 and 4 there are shown a fastening plate 1 for the extension arm and a fastening plate 2 for the bucket; they are attached to the body 3 most suitably by screw and nut joints 9 and 10.
  • the massive body 3 receiving the flexural moments and cutting forces consists of a tubular web, both ends of which comprise doughnut flanges for fastening and pivoting.
  • the tubular structure of the body makes it possible to advantageously lead the electric, hydraulic and other connectors 35 through apertures 34, thus protecting the connectors well against damage. In this connection, it is not necessary to describe the structure of the body or the manufacturing method in detail.
  • the body 3 is attached to the fastening plate 1 of the extension arm by the said joint 9 and the flange-like fastening plate 6 of the body, and by a slide bearing arrangement.
  • Bearing plates 8 of suitable bearing material are arranged on the periphery of, and above and below the flange-like fastening plate 6 of the body.
  • the corresponding bearing surfaces of the fastening plate 6 are constructed so that upon tightening of the part 9, a suitable bearing clearance is provided between the surfaces.
  • the clearance may be adjusted in ways well-known in the bearing technology, e.g. by thin adjustment plates installed between the fastening plate 1 of the extension arm and the fastening plate 6 of the body; however, these adjusting plates are not shown in the figures.
  • the bearing arrangement also includes one or more lubrication channels 11 and sealing elements 7.
  • the bearing allows the joint to have only one degree of freedom, i.e. it is only possible to rotate the parties in relation to each other.
  • Brackets 29 of the bucket and brackets 27 of the extension arm are attached to the fastening plate 1 of the extension arm by welding.
  • the body 3 and the fastening plate 1 may be locked rigidly in relation to each other, or they may be rotated in relation to each other by a rotary cylinder 12 and a friction clutch arrangement comprising two stable clutch shoes 4, a fastening element 16, a single-action locking cylinder 14, a tightening element 15, and frictional material 5.
  • the torque transmitted by the friction clutch arrangement is directly proportional to the tightening force provided by the locking cylinder and to the friction coefficient between the frictional surfaces.
  • a double-action rotary cylinder 12 is attached to the clutch shoe 4 and to the fastening plate of the extension arm by closed bearings and pins 18 of the cylinder, brackets 11 are attached to the clutch shoe advantageously by welding, and brackets 13 are attached to the fastening plate of the extension arm also by welding.
  • a hydraulic arrangement included in the apparatus. It comprises a locking cylinder 14, a rotary cylinder 12, a hydraulic accumulator 19, a lock valve 20, e.g. a pressure-controlled counter valve, direction valves 22, 23, 30, limit switches 32, which are most suitably electrically operated, a control system 33 and the necessary hydraulic and electric conductors 17, 21, 31 with appropriate components, connectors and equipment; the latter are not shown in the picture.
  • a lock valve 20 e.g. a pressure-controlled counter valve
  • direction valves 22, 23, 30, limit switches 32 which are most suitably electrically operated
  • a control system 33 and the necessary hydraulic and electric conductors 17, 21, 31 with appropriate components, connectors and equipment; the latter are not shown in the picture.
  • Fig. 7 shows the connection principle of the bucket 24, extension arm 26, bucket cylinder 25 and rotating apparatus 28.
  • the rotating apparatus is attached between the extension arm and bucket so that it is rotated 180° compared with Fig. 3.
  • the fastening plate of the extension arm and that of the bucket are connected to the rotating apparatus in a conventional way by pin and bracket connection and by welding.
  • Fig. 6 the rotating apparatus is shown in rotated position in vertical plane.
  • the rotating apparatus of the invention may be rotated to any arbitrary angular position.
  • the manually conducted operation of the rotating apparatuses is in principle the following.
  • the rotating apparatus In its initial position, the rotating apparatus is locked by a locking cylinder 14, which receives the necessary pressure energy from the hydraulic accumulator 19.
  • the direction valve 23 controlling the rotary cylinder 12 When the direction valve 23 controlling the rotary cylinder 12 is in its center position, the rotating apparatus and the bucket are rigidly connected to each other, thus making normal excavation movements possible.
  • By controlling the rotary cylinder by a direction valve it is also possible to provide the bucket with an arcuate working movement within limits allowed by the cylinder stroke.
  • the driver drives the rotary cylinder + movement to the extreme position and uses the lock valve 20 to release the pressure from the hydraulic accumulator to the container and rotates the clutch shoes to a new position by using the rotary cylinder. After this he leads the pressure to the locking cylinder and hydraulic accumulator, the locking procedure is again possible, and the bucket/extension arm can be rotated to a new position.
  • control system 33 which may advantageously be a programmable logic, or a similar arrangement. It is then possible to link the messages conveyed by the limit switches 32 and other possible means observing the state of the system, e.g. sensors, as input signals of the programmable logic, and the necessary control commands, e.g. control voltages of the direction valves, as output signals.
  • Fig. 5 there is shown an advantageous solution for realizing the control, according to which the limit switches 32, cylinders 12 and 14, and direction valves 22 and 30 are connected to each other by using a sequential principle in which the control system 33 controls only the direction valve 23. However, the connection of the direction valve 23 to the control system is not shown in Fig. 5.
  • the figures and the related description are meant only to illustrate the present invention.
  • the details of the rotating apparatus vary within the scope of the appended claims and the inventory idea included in the description. It is apparent to those skilled in the art that, for example, the apparatus may include one or more rotary cylinders, locking cylinders or clutch shoes, and that the components may also be arranged unsymmetrically. It is also obvious that the way the rotating apparatus is attached to the extension arm of an excavator or a similar device, or to the bucket, is dependent on the shapes and dimensions of the structure. Further, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the applications may vary within the scope of structural solutions introduced in connection of working conditions, customer's demands, inexpensive serial working methods, and mass production.
  • the body and fastening plates may be constructed as integrated units of two or a few physical pieces, and the hydraulic and electric systems may be integrated in a fixed way to the device, or they may be realized by using generally available components. Further, the mutual operation and the order of operation of the control system and hydraulic system may be different from the advantageous embodiment in the description.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif de mise en rotation destiné à mettre en rotation le bras d'une excavatrice ou machine analogue, comprenant des plaques de fixation (1 et 2) pour le bras et le godet, dotées d'éléments de fixation, un corps (3), des patins d'accouplement (4), un matériau de friction (5), une plaque de fixation (6) pour le corps, des plaques (7, 8) de palier à glissement à passages de graissage, un cylindre de blocage (14), un cylindre rotatif (12), un accumulateur hydraulique, une soupape de blocage, des soupapes directionnelles, des contacts de fin de course, et un agencement de commande, ainsi que les conducteurs électriques et hydrauliques requis. Le dispositif de mise en rotation est accouplé entre deux bras ou éléments similaires, par exemple un godet et un bras d'une excavatrice, ce qui permet de modifier en continu la position du godet de la manière requise et la plus avantageuse pour la phase de travail précise. Grâce au dispositif selon l'invention, il est possible de faire tourner rapidement les bras d'une excavatrice, d'une perforatrice de roches, d'un tracteur forestier, d'un élévateur à nacelle, d'une grue sur camion etc. vers une position de travail avantageuse. Par exemple, lorsqu'une excavatrice est utilisée dans des espaces confinés, à proximité des murs, ou sur des sites de travaux routiers dans des zones à forte circulation, l'invention permet de faire tourner le godet vers une position angulaire arbitraire, ce qui en accroît sensiblement la portée ainsi que l'étendue du contact visuel du conducteur par rapport à la machine. L'invention permet également à la machine de décrire un mouvement de travail arqué ou circulaire. La rotation du godet et les mouvements de travail peuvent également s'effectuer semi-automatiquement ou entièrement automatiquement par commande du système hydraulique au moyen d'un agencement de commande approprié. Les coûts d'excavation seront ainsi réduits, ainsi que la masse de terre à déplacer, puisque l'emplacement de l'excavatrice ne doit pas être changé avec la même fréquence.

Claims (4)

  1. Dispositif de mise en rotation pour la mise en rotation du bras d'extension ou du godet d'un excavateur ou d'une machine similaire, ledit dispositif comportant une première plaque de fixation (1) à attacher à une partie dudit excavateur, une seconde plaque de fixation (2) à attacher à une partie dudit bras d'extension, un palier de glissement (8) et un corps (3) disposé entre ladite première et ladite seconde plaque de fixation et fixé à l'une de la première ou de la seconde plaque de fixation et mobile en rotation par rapport à l'autre plaque de fixation, caractérisé en ce que le godet ou le bras d'extension est mis en rotation par une force de frottement en utilisant un système d'embrayage par friction actionné par un actionneur rotatif (12) commandé hydrauliquement, ledit système d'embrayage par friction comprenant au moins un sabot d'embrayage (4) actionné par ledit actionneur rotatif (12) constituant la partie d'entraínement dudit embrayage par friction, une partie dudit corps mobile en rotation (3) constituant la partie entraínée dudit embrayage par friction et une garniture de friction (5) disposée entre ces deux parties, un élément de fixation (16) pour une utilisation avec plusieurs sabots d'embrayage (4), un cylindre de blocage à simple-effet (14) disposé sur ledit sabot d'embrayage (4) pour bloquer ledit système d'embrayage par friction, et un élément de serrage (15) pour transmettre la force produite par ledit cylindre de blocage (14) audit sabot d'embrayage (4).
  2. Dispositif de mise en rotation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il inclut un système hydraulique comprenant le cylindre de blocage (14), l'actionneur rotatif (12), un accumulateur hydraulique (19), une soupape de blocage (20), des soupapes de direction (22, 30 et 33), et les conducteurs hydrauliques et électriques nécessaires (17, 31, 21) avec les connecteurs appropriés.
  3. Dispositif de mise en rotation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le fonctionnement du dispositif est contrôlé par un système de contrôle comprenant des interrupteurs de tolérance actionnés électriquement (32), des soupapes de direction hydrauliques contrôlées électriquement (22, 23, 30), et une logique programmable (33), ou un système similaire, et les conducteurs hydrauliques et électriques nécessaires (17, 21, 31) avec les composants de circuit, les connecteurs et l'équipement appropriés.
  4. Dispositif de mise en rotation selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le corps (3) est tubulaire de telle sorte que les conducteurs dans le système peuvent être disposés de manière à passer à travers le corps vers différents appareils de travail.
EP97924057A 1996-06-03 1997-06-02 Dispositif de mise en rotation Expired - Lifetime EP0907804B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI962313A FI100902B (fi) 1996-06-03 1996-06-03 Kääntölaite
FI962313 1996-06-03
PCT/FI1997/000342 WO1997046762A1 (fr) 1996-06-03 1997-06-02 Dispositif de mise en rotation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0907804A1 EP0907804A1 (fr) 1999-04-14
EP0907804B1 true EP0907804B1 (fr) 2003-05-07

Family

ID=8546135

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97924057A Expired - Lifetime EP0907804B1 (fr) 1996-06-03 1997-06-02 Dispositif de mise en rotation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0907804B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2965397A (fr)
DE (1) DE69721769T2 (fr)
FI (1) FI100902B (fr)
WO (1) WO1997046762A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101424086B (zh) * 2008-12-12 2010-12-29 湖南山河智能机械股份有限公司 挖掘机用摆转装置
CN101570975B (zh) * 2008-04-30 2011-02-16 湖南山河智能机械股份有限公司 挖掘机铲斗用摆转装置

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES1045081Y (es) * 2000-01-14 2000-12-16 Pulgar Emilio Alvarez Mecanismo hidraulico aplicable sobre cazos o palas excavadoras o similares.
NZ502511A (en) * 2000-01-26 2003-01-31 J B Sales Internat Ltd Apparatus to connect an implement to the arm of a digger vehicle with lockable articuation pivot
US7350650B2 (en) * 2004-07-28 2008-04-01 Seatrax, Inc. Crane bearing assembly

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE438882B (sv) * 1983-09-13 1985-05-13 Holmdahl Ulf Goeran Rotator och vridanordning for grevskopor
SE8901244D0 (sv) * 1989-04-07 1989-04-07 Hydraulik Ab Indextor Anordning vid maskiner
SE464644B (sv) * 1989-05-26 1991-05-27 Sandco Maskin Ab Anordning vid svaeng- och vippbart mellankopplingsdon

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101570975B (zh) * 2008-04-30 2011-02-16 湖南山河智能机械股份有限公司 挖掘机铲斗用摆转装置
CN101424086B (zh) * 2008-12-12 2010-12-29 湖南山河智能机械股份有限公司 挖掘机用摆转装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI100902B (fi) 1998-03-13
WO1997046762A1 (fr) 1997-12-11
FI962313A0 (fi) 1996-06-03
DE69721769D1 (de) 2003-06-12
FI962313A (fi) 1997-12-04
AU2965397A (en) 1998-01-05
EP0907804A1 (fr) 1999-04-14
DE69721769T2 (de) 2004-04-22

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