EP0906961A1 - Process for manufacturing steel strip for making metal containers by deep drawing and steel strip obtained - Google Patents
Process for manufacturing steel strip for making metal containers by deep drawing and steel strip obtained Download PDFInfo
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- EP0906961A1 EP0906961A1 EP98402383A EP98402383A EP0906961A1 EP 0906961 A1 EP0906961 A1 EP 0906961A1 EP 98402383 A EP98402383 A EP 98402383A EP 98402383 A EP98402383 A EP 98402383A EP 0906961 A1 EP0906961 A1 EP 0906961A1
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- Prior art keywords
- cold rolling
- aging
- rolling
- pass
- steel
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0447—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0468—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment between cold rolling steps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0421—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0436—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a sheet metal strip. steel for the production of metal packaging and the sheet obtained by the process.
- Sheets with strong characteristics may need to be obtained mechanical, in particular mechanical strength and high yield strength for making metal bodies or bodies with very good resistance, even in the case of very thin sheets for the production of certain packaging.
- the level of mechanical characteristics of the sheet which is obtained after the second cold rolling is a function of the reduction rate or the elongation of the sheet obtained during the two passes of the second rolling.
- the double reduction process which involves a second rolling cold in two passes after annealing the sheets, was applied to steel grades for packaging as well of the ultra low carbon type (ULC) whose carbon content is less than 0.008% than in steels other types, such as renitrided low aluminum steels containing from 8 to 16 thousandths percent of nitrogen.
- ULC ultra low carbon type
- Example 1 case of an ultra low carbon steel ULC.
- the blank was subjected to a second cold rolling in a rolling mill skin-pass.
- Sheet metal ref Allongt 1 passes era TT Re (MPa) Extension 2 * pass Total elongation Re (MPa) SP output Re (MPa) after 200 ° C / 20 min AT 43% 562 606 B 31% 527 9% 43% 558 610 VS 31% 20 ° C / 10d 568 9% 43% 594 648 D 31% 75 ° C / 30mn 561 9% 43% 605 648 E 31% 75 ° C / 3h 552 9% 43% 616 665 F 31% 200 ° C / 20mn 565 9% 43% 616 668 G 31% 20 ° C / 3d 560 9% 43% 589 621
- the sheets designated by the references A and B have not been submitted to a treatment according to the invention.
- the sheets A and B obtained after second cold rolling with skin-pass are designated as comparative sheets.
- the sheets designated under the references C to G have been subjected, according to the method of the invention, to a second cold rolling in two aging passes between the two skin-pass rolling passes.
- the total elongation of the sheet is 43%, this elongation being obtained in a single pass in the case of sheet A.
- the elongation is obtained in two passes (respectively 31 and 9% lengthening), without intermediate aging treatment between two passes, in the case of sheet B.
- Sheet C is subjected to 10 days aging at 20 ° C and sheet D to an aging treatment at 75 ° C for 30 minutes, between two passes of cold rolling.
- An aging treatment at 200 ° C for 20 minutes is carried out between the two passes from the final cold rolling to the skin-pass (extensions of 31 and 9%) in the case of sheet F and sheet G is subject three days aging at 20 ° C between the two rolling passes final.
- the elastic limit of the sheets was measured in MPa, at the end of the treatment thermal after the first pass from cold rolling to the skin-pass, when two rolling passes are made (sheets B to G); limits corresponding elastics are reported in the fourth column of the table I.
- the elastic limits of the sheets were also measured immediately after leaving the skin-pass (7 th column of table I) and after holding the sheet for 20 minutes at 200 ° C. after leaving the skin-pass (8 th column of the table I).
- Sheet B which is made with a second rolling in two passes therefore has mechanical characteristics, after 20 minutes at 200 ° C, slightly higher than sheet A produced by a second rolling in one pass.
- an additional improvement is brought about by an aging treatment between the two rolling passes of the rolling final.
- the elastic limits, immediately at the exit of the skin-pass or after 20 minutes at 200 ° C, are still increased due to the work hardening provided by the second rolling pass.
- the final elastic limits obtained on sheets C to G whose development is carried out according to the invention are significantly higher than the final elastic limits of sheets A and B obtained by a process of second rolling in one pass (sheet A) or second rolling in two passes (sheet B) according to the prior art, the total elongation rate being identical in all cases.
- the process according to the invention therefore makes it possible to obtain, for a total hardening of the identical sheet, superior mechanical characteristics. Because the ability to form sheet metal and in particular the ability at the drawing depend on the work hardening, one can obtain sheets with satisfactory forming characteristics at the same time and high mechanical characteristics.
- ultra low carbon steel can age at room temperature of the order of 20 ° C for a period of 3 to 10 days, at a moderate temperature included between 50 and 100 ° C for a period of 1 to 5 hours, or even a higher temperature, between 150 and 300 ° C, during a duration between 10 minutes and 1 hour.
- Sheet metal ref Allongt 1 passes era TT Re (MPa) Long 2nd pass Total elongation Re (MPa) SP output AT' 28% 570 B ' 20% 20 ° C / 3d 601 6% 28% 595 VS' 20% 75 ° C / 10 h 600 6% 28% 635 Of 20% 200 ° C / 20 min 630 6% 28% 625
- the sheet A ' is produced by a production process according to the prior art while the sheets B ', C' and D 'are produced by a process according to the invention.
- the second cold rolling is carried out in a single pass with an elongation rate of 28%.
- the elastic limit of the sheet at the exit of the skin-pass is 570 MPa.
- the sheets B ', C' and D' were produced by a process according to the invention in which the second cold rolling is carried out in two passes (20% and 6% elongation respectively) with a heat treatment of aging between the two passes.
- the manufacturing processes for sheets B ', C' and D ' are distinguished by the conditions under which the heat treatment between the two passes of the final rolling.
- Sheet B ' was aged at an ambient temperature of 20 ° C for three days.
- Sheet C ' has been aged at a moderate temperature of 75 ° C for 10 hours and the sheet metal D has been aged at a temperature higher than 200 ° C for 20 minutes.
- the elastic limits obtained at the exit of the skin-pass after the second rolling pass producing 6% elongation are all greater than the elastic limit of the sheet A 'obtained by rolling with skin pass in one pass.
- sheet B ' Although long-term aging at room temperature is satisfactory (sheet B '), it is preferable to carry out the aging at a higher temperature, for a shorter time.
- a new dislocation network or second dislocation network During the second skin pass pass, a new dislocation network or second dislocation network.
- This new configuration of the dislocation network explains obtaining a better formability for characteristics mechanical properties or obtaining mechanical characteristics maintaining good formability.
- the invention applies to all steels for Al-K sheets, that is to say steels calmed with aluminum, without carburogenic and / or ni scholarogenic elements, when these sheet steels are continuously annealed.
- the aging treatment can be carried out at a temperature close to 20 ° C, for a period of 3 to 10 days, or at a moderate temperature between 50 and 100 ° C for a period of 5 to 15 hours, or even at a higher temperature between 150 and 300 ° C for a period of between 10 minutes and 1 hour.
- the invention also applies to ultra low carbon steels, the general composition is given above.
- the sheets obtained by the process of the invention can be used in all applications for DR quality packaging sheets.
- the sheets can be cut to make blanks intended for the manufacture of bodies or bottoms of boxes two or three pieces with strong mechanical characteristics.
- the sheets obtained by the process of the invention can be used in thinner thicknesses.
- the total elongation rate during the second cold rolling can be different from the elongation rates indicated above.
- the distribution elongation percentages between the first and second pass of the second cold rolling may be different from the indicated distributions upper.
- the second cold rolling with an elongation rate of between 25% and 35% during the first rolling pass and with an elongation rate less than 15% and preferably between 5% and 10% for the second rolling phase.
- the second rolling is preferably carried out the second rolling with an elongation rate of between 15% and 25% during the first rolling pass and a rate of less than 10%, during the second pass of the second cold rolling.
- the process according to the invention can be applied to manufacturing thin metal strips for packaging metallic in different shades from ultra low carbon shades or low renitrided aluminum which have been described above.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Package Frames And Binding Bands (AREA)
- Vessels, Lead-In Wires, Accessory Apparatuses For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Steel Electrode Plates (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'une bande de tôle d'acier pour la réalisation d'emballages métalliques et la tôle obtenue par le procédé.The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a sheet metal strip. steel for the production of metal packaging and the sheet obtained by the process.
Pour la fabrication par emboutissage de produits d'emballage en acier tels que des boítes pour produits alimentaires ou pour boissons, on utilise des flans découpés dans des tôles minces dont les caractéristiques doivent être adaptées au procédé de formage par emboutissage et qui doivent présenter des caractéristiques mécaniques requises en fonction de leur utilisation.For the production by stamping of packaging products in steel such as boxes for food or drink, we uses blanks cut from thin sheets whose characteristics must be adapted to the stamping process and which must have required mechanical characteristics depending on their usage.
Il peut être nécessaire d'obtenir des tôles présentant de fortes caractéristiques mécaniques, en particulier une résistance mécanique et une limite élastique élevées pour réaliser des fonds ou des corps de boítes métalliques ayant une très bonne tenue, même dans le cas de tôles très minces pour la réalisation de certains emballages.Sheets with strong characteristics may need to be obtained mechanical, in particular mechanical strength and high yield strength for making metal bodies or bodies with very good resistance, even in the case of very thin sheets for the production of certain packaging.
Il est connu en particulier de fabriquer des tôles pour emballages dites de qualité double réduction (DR) dont la résistance mécanique est supérieure ou égale à 550 MPa. Ces bandes de tôle sont obtenues à partir de tôles à chaud, en réalisant successivement un premier laminage à froid, un recuit, généralement en continu, de la tôle laminée à froid, puis un second laminage à froid comportant deux passes successives généralement réalisées sur un laminoir skin-pass.It is known in particular to manufacture sheets for so-called packaging. quality double reduction (DR) with higher mechanical strength or equal to 550 MPa. These sheet metal strips are obtained from hot sheets, by successively carrying out a first cold rolling, a annealing, generally continuously, of cold rolled sheet, then a second cold rolling comprising two successive passes generally carried out on a skin-pass rolling mill.
Toutefois, les caractéristiques mécaniques élevées des tôles sont obtenues au détriment de l'aptitude au formage de ces tôles, en sortie de la seconde passe du laminage à froid final. Il est souhaitable de remédier à cet inconvénient.However, the high mechanical properties of the sheets are obtained at the expense of the ability to form these sheets, leaving the second pass of final cold rolling. It is desirable to remedy this disadvantage.
En particulier, il serait souhaitable d'obtenir des tôles à hautes caractéristiques mécaniques présentant une bonne aptitude à l'emboutissage au rétreint.In particular, it would be desirable to obtain sheets with high characteristics mechanical with good drawing ability to the constriction.
Le niveau des caractéristiques mécaniques de la tôle qui est obtenu à l'issue du second laminage à froid est fonction du taux de réduction ou de l'allongement de la tôle obtenu au cours des deux passes du second laminage. The level of mechanical characteristics of the sheet which is obtained after the second cold rolling is a function of the reduction rate or the elongation of the sheet obtained during the two passes of the second rolling.
Bien entendu pour des allongements importants, l'écrouissage de la tôle qui est élevé s'accompagne d'une aptitude au formage médiocre.Of course for large elongations, the work hardening of the high sheet metal is accompanied by poor formability.
Le procédé de double réduction, qui met en oeuvre un second laminage à froid en deux passes après le recuit des tôles, a été appliqué à des nuances d'acier pour emballages aussi bien du type à ultra bas carbone (ULC) dont la teneur en carbone est inférieure à 0,008 % qu'à des aciers d'autres types, par exemple à des aciers à bas aluminium renitruré renfermant de 8 à 16 millièmes pour cent d'azote.The double reduction process, which involves a second rolling cold in two passes after annealing the sheets, was applied to steel grades for packaging as well of the ultra low carbon type (ULC) whose carbon content is less than 0.008% than in steels other types, such as renitrided low aluminum steels containing from 8 to 16 thousandths percent of nitrogen.
Dans tous les cas, l'obtention de caractéristiques mécaniques plus élevées se traduit par une diminution de l'aptitude au formage.In all cases, obtaining more mechanical characteristics high results in a decrease in formability.
Le but de l'invention est donc de proposer un procédé de fabrication d'une bande de tôle d'acier pour la réalisation d'emballages métalliques par emboutissage, dans lequel :
- on élabore une bande laminée à chaud en un acier ayant la composition
pondérale suivante :
- carbone jusqu'à 0,08 %,
- silicium ≤ 0,020 %,
- manganèse compris entre 0,05 % et 0,60 %,
- soufre ≤ 0,020 %,
- phosphore ≤ 0,020 %,
- azote jusqu'à 0,016 %,
- aluminium jusqu'à 0,060 %,
- cuivre ≤ 0,06 %,
- nickel ≤ 0,040 %,
- ainsi qu'éventuellement du chrome et du bore,
- on effectue un premier laminage à froid de la bande laminée à chaud pour obtenir une ébauche,
- on soumet l'ébauche à un recuit de recristallisation en continu,
- on effectue un second laminage à froid de l'ébauche en au moins
- a hot rolled strip is made of a steel having the following composition by weight:
- carbon up to 0.08%,
- silicon ≤ 0.020%,
- manganese between 0.05% and 0.60%,
- sulfur ≤ 0.020%,
- phosphorus ≤ 0.020%,
- nitrogen up to 0.016%,
- aluminum up to 0.060%,
- copper ≤ 0.06%,
- nickel ≤ 0.040%,
- as well as possibly chromium and boron,
- a first cold rolling of the hot rolled strip is carried out to obtain a blank,
- the blank is subjected to a continuous recrystallization annealing,
- a second cold rolling of the blank is carried out in at least
Dans ce but, entre les deux passes du second laminage à froid, on soumet la bande de tôle d'acier à un vieillissement à une température au plus égale à 300°C pendant une durée pouvant aller de quelques minutes à plusieurs jours.For this purpose, between the two passes of the second cold rolling, we subjects the strip of steel sheet to aging at a temperature more equal to 300 ° C for a period which can range from a few minutes to several days.
Afin de bien faire comprendre l'invention, on va maintenant décrire, à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, en se reportant aux figures jointes en annexe, la fabrication d'une bande de tôle par le procédé suivant l'invention, dans deux cas où la bande de tôle est en un acier calmé à l'aluminium, sans élément carburigène et/ou nitrurigène, dans un premier cas, en acier ultra bas carbone et, dans un second cas, en acier à bas aluminium renitruré.In order to clearly understand the invention, we will now describe, at title of nonlimiting examples, referring to the attached figures, the manufacture of a sheet metal strip by the process according to the invention, in two cases where the sheet metal strip is made of an aluminum calmed steel, without element carburigenic and / or nitrurogenic, in a first case, in ultra low steel carbon and, in a second case, made of low aluminum, renitrided steel.
Les aciers à ultra bas carbone sont généralement caractérisés par une composition chimique telle que définie ci-dessous :
- carbone ≤ 0,006 %,
- silicium ≤ 0,02 %,
- 0,15 % ≤ manganèse≤0,25 %,
- soufre ≤ 0,015 %,
- phosphore ≤ 0,017 %,
- azote ≤ 0,006 %,
- aluminium entre 0,02 % et 0,04 %,
- carbon ≤ 0.006%,
- silicon ≤ 0.02%,
- 0.15% ≤ manganese≤0.25%,
- sulfur ≤ 0.015%,
- phosphorus ≤ 0.017%,
- nitrogen ≤ 0.006%,
- aluminum between 0.02% and 0.04%,
On a élaboré un acier ULC renfermant en particulier (en millièmes de pour cent) C = 3,5 ; N = 6,5 ; Mn = 185 et Al = 33. L'acier a été coulé en continu sous forme d'une brame qui a été laminée à chaud. La bande laminée à chaud a subi un premier laminage à froid pour la transformer en une ébauche d'une épaisseur de 0,24 mm.We developed a ULC steel containing in particular (in thousandths of percent) C = 3.5; N = 6.5; Mn = 185 and Al = 33. The steel was cast in continuous in the form of a slab which has been hot rolled. The laminated strip hot has undergone a first cold rolling to transform it into a 0.24 mm thick blank.
L'ébauche a été soumise à un second laminage à froid dans un laminoir skin-pass. The blank was subjected to a second cold rolling in a rolling mill skin-pass.
On se reportera au tableau I indiquant les traitements effectués sur la
tôle, au cours du second laminage à froid.
Les tôles désignées par les références A et B n'ont pas été soumises à un traitement suivant l'invention. Les tôles A et B obtenues à l'issue du second laminage à froid au skin-pass sont désignées comme tôles comparatives.The sheets designated by the references A and B have not been submitted to a treatment according to the invention. The sheets A and B obtained after second cold rolling with skin-pass are designated as comparative sheets.
En revanche, les tôles désignées sous les références C à G ont été soumises, selon le procédé de l'invention, à un second laminage à froid en deux passes avec vieillissement entre les deux passes de laminage au skin-pass.On the other hand, the sheets designated under the references C to G have been subjected, according to the method of the invention, to a second cold rolling in two aging passes between the two skin-pass rolling passes.
Dans tous les cas, l'allongement total de la tôle est de 43 %, cet allongement étant obtenu en une seule passe dans le cas de la tôle A.In all cases, the total elongation of the sheet is 43%, this elongation being obtained in a single pass in the case of sheet A.
L'allongement est obtenu en deux passes (respectivement 31 et 9 % d'allongement), sans traitement de vieillissement intermédiaire entre les deux passes, dans le cas de la tôle B.The elongation is obtained in two passes (respectively 31 and 9% lengthening), without intermediate aging treatment between two passes, in the case of sheet B.
La tôle C est soumise à un vieillissement de 10 jours à 20°C et la tôle D à un traitement de vieillissement à 75°C pendant 30 minutes, entre les deux passes du laminage à froid. Sheet C is subjected to 10 days aging at 20 ° C and sheet D to an aging treatment at 75 ° C for 30 minutes, between two passes of cold rolling.
Un traitement thermique de vieillissement d'une durée de 3 heures à 75 °C est effectué sur la tôle E entre les deux passes du laminage à froid final avec des allongements de 31 et 9 %.An aging heat treatment lasting 3 hours at 75 ° C is carried out on sheet E between the two cold rolling passes final with extensions of 31 and 9%.
Un traitement de vieillissement à 200°C pendant 20 minutes est effectué entre les deux passes du laminage à froid final au skin-pass (allongements de 31 et 9 %) dans le cas de la tôle F et la tôle G est soumise à un vieillissement de trois jours à 20°C entre les deux passes du laminage final.An aging treatment at 200 ° C for 20 minutes is carried out between the two passes from the final cold rolling to the skin-pass (extensions of 31 and 9%) in the case of sheet F and sheet G is subject three days aging at 20 ° C between the two rolling passes final.
On a mesuré la limite élastique des tôles en MPa, à l'issue du traitement thermique après la première passe du laminage à froid au skin-pass, lorsque deux passes de laminage sont réalisées (tôles B à G) ; les limites élastiques correspondantes sont reportées dans la quatrième colonne du tableau I.The elastic limit of the sheets was measured in MPa, at the end of the treatment thermal after the first pass from cold rolling to the skin-pass, when two rolling passes are made (sheets B to G); limits corresponding elastics are reported in the fourth column of the table I.
On a également mesuré les limites élastiques des tôles immédiatement en sortie du skin-pass (7ème colonne du tableau I) et après un maintien de 20 minutes à 200°C de la tôle après sa sortie du skin-pass (8ème colonne du tableau I).The elastic limits of the sheets were also measured immediately after leaving the skin-pass (7 th column of table I) and after holding the sheet for 20 minutes at 200 ° C. after leaving the skin-pass (8 th column of the table I).
Il apparaít que dans tous les cas l'allongement important de la tôle au cours du second laminage effectué au skin-pass (43 %) permet d'obtenir, en sortie du skin-pass, une limite élastique élevée toujours supérieure à 550 MPa, cette limite élastique étant supérieure à 600 MPa après 20 minutes à 200°C.It appears that in all cases the significant elongation of the sheet at during the second rolling carried out with the skin-pass (43%), exit from the skin-pass, a high elastic limit always greater than 550 MPa, this elastic limit being greater than 600 MPa after 20 minutes at 200 ° C.
Pour le même taux d'allongement total, les limites élastiques obtenues sont légèrement supérieures, lorsque le laminage final au skin-pass est réalisé en deux passes (avec des taux d'allongement respectivement de 31 % et 9 %). La tôle B qui est réalisée avec un second laminage en deux passes présente donc des caractéristiques mécaniques, après 20 minutes à 200°C, légèrement supérieures à la tôle A réalisée par un second laminage en une seule passe.For the same total elongation rate, the elastic limits obtained are slightly higher, when the final rolling at the skin-pass is carried out in two passes (with elongation rates respectively of 31% and 9%). Sheet B which is made with a second rolling in two passes therefore has mechanical characteristics, after 20 minutes at 200 ° C, slightly higher than sheet A produced by a second rolling in one pass.
Selon l'invention, une amélioration supplémentaire est apportée par un traitement de vieillissement entre les deux passes de laminage du laminage final. According to the invention, an additional improvement is brought about by an aging treatment between the two rolling passes of the rolling final.
Comme il est visible à la quatrième colonne du tableau I, la limite élastique entre les deux passes de laminage est considérablement accrue par un traitement de vieillissement, comme il apparaít en comparant les limites élastiques des tôles C à G à la limite élastique de la tôle B.As can be seen in the fourth column of Table I, the limit elastic between the two rolling passes is considerably increased by an aging treatment, as it appears by comparing the limits elastic of sheets C to G at the elastic limit of sheet B.
On ne décèle pas de différence notable entre un vieillissement à une température modérée de 75°C pendant trois heures et un vieillissement à une température plus élevée de 200°C pendant 20 minutes, ni entre un vieillissement à température ambiante (20°C) pendant 3 ou 10 jours et un vieillissement à 75°C pendant 30 minutes.There is no noticeable difference between aging at one moderate temperature of 75 ° C for three hours and aging at a higher temperature of 200 ° C for 20 minutes, or between a aging at room temperature (20 ° C) for 3 or 10 days and a aging at 75 ° C for 30 minutes.
Après la seconde passe de laminage, les limites élastiques, immédiatement à la sortie du skin-pass ou après 20 minutes à 200°C, sont encore accrues du fait de l'écrouissage apporté par la seconde passe de laminage.After the second rolling pass, the elastic limits, immediately at the exit of the skin-pass or after 20 minutes at 200 ° C, are still increased due to the work hardening provided by the second rolling pass.
Les limites élastiques finales obtenues sur les tôles C à G dont l'élaboration est réalisée suivant l'invention sont sensiblement plus élevées que les limites élastiques finales des tôles A et B obtenues par un procédé de deuxième laminage en une passe (tôle A) ou de deuxième laminage en deux passes (tôle B) selon l'art antérieur, le taux d'allongement total étant identique dans tous les cas.The final elastic limits obtained on sheets C to G whose development is carried out according to the invention are significantly higher than the final elastic limits of sheets A and B obtained by a process of second rolling in one pass (sheet A) or second rolling in two passes (sheet B) according to the prior art, the total elongation rate being identical in all cases.
Le procédé suivant l'invention permet donc d'obtenir, pour un écrouissage total de la tôle identique, des caractéristiques mécaniques supérieures. Du fait que l'aptitude au formage de la tôle et en particulier l'aptitude à l'emboutissage dépendent de l'écrouissage, on peut obtenir des tôles présentant en même temps des caractéristiques de formage satisfaisantes et des caractéristiques mécaniques élevées.The process according to the invention therefore makes it possible to obtain, for a total hardening of the identical sheet, superior mechanical characteristics. Because the ability to form sheet metal and in particular the ability at the drawing depend on the work hardening, one can obtain sheets with satisfactory forming characteristics at the same time and high mechanical characteristics.
Il serait également possible d'obtenir des tôles ayant les mêmes caractéristiques mécaniques que des tôles obtenues par un procédé classique de fabrication à double réduction, avec un allongement total et donc un écrouissage inférieur, en pratiquant un vieillissement entre deux passes du laminage final. Pour des caractéristiques mécaniques données, on améliore dans ce cas l'aptitude au formage des tôles. It would also be possible to obtain sheets having the same characteristics mechanical than sheets obtained by a conventional process double reduction manufacturing, with a total elongation and therefore a lower work hardening, by aging between two passes of the final rolling. For given mechanical characteristics, one improves in this case the ability to form sheets.
De manière générale, dans le cas d'acier à ultra bas carbone, on peut effectuer le vieillissement à une température ambiante de l'ordre de 20°C pendant une durée de 3 à 10 jours, à une température modérée comprise entre 50 et 100°C pendant une durée de 1 à 5 heures, ou encore, à une température plus élevée, comprise entre 150 et 300°C, pendant une durée comprise entre 10 minutes et 1 heure. Par exemple, on peut effectuer le traitement de vieillissement à une température de l'ordre de 75°C pendant une durée de 30 mn à 3 heures ou à une température de l'ordre de 200°C pendant une durée de l'ordre de 20 minutes (tôle F).Generally, in the case of ultra low carbon steel, can age at room temperature of the order of 20 ° C for a period of 3 to 10 days, at a moderate temperature included between 50 and 100 ° C for a period of 1 to 5 hours, or even a higher temperature, between 150 and 300 ° C, during a duration between 10 minutes and 1 hour. For example, we can perform the aging treatment at a temperature of the order of 75 ° C. for a duration of 30 min to 3 hours or at a temperature of the order of 200 ° C for a period of the order of 20 minutes (sheet F).
On a élaboré un acier à bas aluminium renitruré renfermant en particulier (en millièmes de pour cent) C = 64 ; N = 9,1 ; Mn = 285 et Al = 15. On réalise une bande laminée à chaud puis on lamine la bande par un procédé à double réduction dont le laminage final au skin-pass est réalisé avec un allongement total de 28 %.A renitrided low aluminum steel has been developed, containing in particular (in thousandths of a percent) C = 64; N = 9.1; Mn = 285 and Al = 15. We makes a hot rolled strip and then laminates the strip by a process double reduction, the final skin-pass lamination of which is carried out with total extension of 28%.
Comme il est visible au tableau II, on a réalisé l'élaboration de quatre
tôles ayant la composition donnée ci-dessus par un procédé à double réduction
dont le deuxième laminage à froid est réalisé au skin-pass avec un
taux d'allongement de 28 %.
La tôle A' est réalisée par un procédé d'élaboration suivant l'art antérieur alors que les tôles B', C' et D' sont réalisées par un procédé selon l'invention. The sheet A 'is produced by a production process according to the prior art while the sheets B ', C' and D 'are produced by a process according to the invention.
Dans le cas de la tôle A', le second laminage à froid est réalisé en une seule passe avec un taux d'allongement de 28 %.In the case of sheet A ', the second cold rolling is carried out in a single pass with an elongation rate of 28%.
La limite élastique de la tôle à la sortie du skin-pass est de 570 MPa.The elastic limit of the sheet at the exit of the skin-pass is 570 MPa.
Les tôles B', C' et D'ont été réalisées par un procédé suivant l'invention dans lequel le second laminage à froid est réalisé en deux passes (20% et 6 % d'allongement respectivement) avec un traitement thermique de vieillissement entre les deux passes.The sheets B ', C' and D'were produced by a process according to the invention in which the second cold rolling is carried out in two passes (20% and 6% elongation respectively) with a heat treatment of aging between the two passes.
Les procédés d'élaboration des tôles B', C' et D' se distinguent par les conditions dans lesquelles est réalisé le traitement thermique entre les deux passes du laminage final.The manufacturing processes for sheets B ', C' and D 'are distinguished by the conditions under which the heat treatment between the two passes of the final rolling.
La tôle B' a été vieillie à une température ambiante de 20°C pendant trois jours. La tôle C' a été vieillie à une température modérée de 75°C pendant 10 heures et la tôle D' a été vieillie à une température supérieure de 200°C pendant 20 minutes.Sheet B 'was aged at an ambient temperature of 20 ° C for three days. Sheet C 'has been aged at a moderate temperature of 75 ° C for 10 hours and the sheet metal D has been aged at a temperature higher than 200 ° C for 20 minutes.
Les limites élastiques obtenues à la sortie du skin-pass après la seconde passe de laminage produisant un allongement de 6 % sont toutes supérieures à la limite élastique de la tôle A' obtenue par un laminage au skin-pass en une seule passe.The elastic limits obtained at the exit of the skin-pass after the second rolling pass producing 6% elongation are all greater than the elastic limit of the sheet A 'obtained by rolling with skin pass in one pass.
Bien qu'un vieillissement de longue durée à la température ambiante soit satisfaisant (tôle B'), il est préférable de réaliser le vieillissement à une température plus élevée, pendant une durée plus courte.Although long-term aging at room temperature is satisfactory (sheet B '), it is preferable to carry out the aging at a higher temperature, for a shorter time.
De manière générale, il apparaít que le vieillissement intermédiaire est d'autant plus rapide que la température de vieillissement est élevée. Cependant, un vieillissement significatif peut être obtenu à la température ambiante.In general, it appears that intermediate aging is faster the higher the aging temperature. However, significant aging can be achieved at temperature ambient.
On a pu montrer que le vieillissement intermédiaire entre les deux passes du laminage à froid final est d'autant plus important et rapide que la teneur des éléments dans l'acier après recuit et en particulier après recuit continu, est plus importante. On a également pu montrer que le vieillissement intermédiaire était d'autant plus important et rapide que le taux d'allongement ou de réduction au cours de la première passe du second laminage à froid était important. On a donc intérêt à effectuer la première passe à un taux de réduction élevé et la seconde passe à un taux de réduction plus faible pour un taux de réduction total donné.We were able to show that the intermediate aging between the two passes of the final cold rolling is all the more important and rapid as the content of elements in steel after annealing and in particular after annealing is more important. We have also been able to show that aging intermediate was all the more important and fast as the rate of elongation or reduction during the first pass of the second rolling cold was important. It is therefore advantageous to make the first pass at a high reduction rate and the second goes to a reduction rate lower for a given total reduction rate.
L'amélioration des caractéristiques mécaniques des tôles du fait du traitement de vieillissement entre les deux passes du laminage à froid final peut être expliquée par les mécanismes décrits ci-après :Improvement of the mechanical characteristics of the sheets due to the aging treatment between the two passes of the final cold rolling can be explained by the mechanisms described below:
Au cours de la première passe de laminage au skin-pass, on crée un réseau de dislocations dans la tôle et au cours du traitement de vieillissement ultérieur, les éléments tels que le carbone et l'azote diffusent dans l'acier et réalisent l'ancrage des dislocations pour constituer un premier réseau de dislocations.During the first skin pass pass, a network of dislocations in the sheet metal and during the aging treatment elements like carbon and nitrogen diffuse in steel and anchor the dislocations to form a first network dislocations.
Au cours de la seconde passe de laminage au skin-pass, on crée un nouveau réseau de dislocations ou second réseau de dislocations.During the second skin pass pass, a new dislocation network or second dislocation network.
Pour un même taux de déformation total au skin-pass, on obtient une configuration tout-à-fait nouvelle du réseau des dislocations dans la tôle.For the same total deformation rate at the skin-pass, we obtain a completely new configuration of the sheet metal dislocation network.
Cette nouvelle configuration du réseau de dislocations permet d'expliquer l'obtention d'une meilleure aptitude au formage pour des caractéristiques mécaniques déterminées ou l'obtention de caractéristiques mécaniques supérieures en maintenant une bonne aptitude au formage.This new configuration of the dislocation network explains obtaining a better formability for characteristics mechanical properties or obtaining mechanical characteristics maintaining good formability.
L'invention s'applique à tous les aciers pour tôles Al-K, c'est-à-dire les aciers calmés à l'aluminium, sans éléments carburigènes et/ou nitrugigènes, lorsque ces aciers pour tôles sont recuits en continu.The invention applies to all steels for Al-K sheets, that is to say steels calmed with aluminum, without carburogenic and / or nitrugogenic elements, when these sheet steels are continuously annealed.
L'acier s'applique en particulier aux aciers à bas aluminium renitruré
ayant la composition pondérale suivante :
Dans ce cas, le traitement de vieillissement peut être réalisé à une température proche de 20°C, pendant une durée de 3 à 10 jours, ou à une température modérée comprise entre 50 et 100°C pendant une durée de 5 à 15 heures, ou encore, à une température plus élevée comprise entre 150 et 300°C pendant une durée comprise entre 10 minutes et 1 heure.In this case, the aging treatment can be carried out at a temperature close to 20 ° C, for a period of 3 to 10 days, or at a moderate temperature between 50 and 100 ° C for a period of 5 to 15 hours, or even at a higher temperature between 150 and 300 ° C for a period of between 10 minutes and 1 hour.
L'invention s'applique également aux aciers à ultra bas carbone dont la composition générale est donnée plus haut.The invention also applies to ultra low carbon steels, the general composition is given above.
Les tôles obtenues par le procédé de l'invention peuvent être utilisées dans toutes les applications des tôles pour emballage de qualité DR. En particulier, les tôles peuvent être découpées pour la réalisation de flans destinés à la fabrication de corps ou de fonds de boítes deux ou trois pièces à fortes caractéristiques mécaniques.The sheets obtained by the process of the invention can be used in all applications for DR quality packaging sheets. In particular, the sheets can be cut to make blanks intended for the manufacture of bodies or bottoms of boxes two or three pieces with strong mechanical characteristics.
Du fait de leurs caractéristiques mécaniques améliorées, les tôles obtenues par le procédé de l'invention peuvent être utilisées dans des épaisseurs plus faibles.Due to their improved mechanical characteristics, the sheets obtained by the process of the invention can be used in thinner thicknesses.
L'invention ne se limite pas aux modes de réalisation qui ont été décrits.The invention is not limited to the embodiments which have been described.
Le taux d'allongement total au cours du second laminage à froid peut être différent des taux d'allongement indiqués plus haut. De même, la répartition des pourcentages d'allongement entre la première et la seconde passe du second laminage à froid peut être différente des répartitions indiquées plus haut.The total elongation rate during the second cold rolling can be different from the elongation rates indicated above. Similarly, the distribution elongation percentages between the first and second pass of the second cold rolling may be different from the indicated distributions upper.
Il est même possible d'effectuer un second laminage à froid avec un taux d'allongement plus élevé au cours de la seconde passe qu'au cours de la première, bien que cette répartition des déformations soit moins favorable que la répartition mentionnée plus haut, c'est-à-dire avec un allongement au cours de la première passe du second laminage supérieur à l'allongement au cours de la seconde passe du second laminage.It is even possible to carry out a second cold rolling with a higher elongation rate during the second pass than during the first, although this distribution of the deformations is less favorable than the distribution mentioned above, that is to say with an elongation at course of the first pass of the second rolling greater than the elongation during the second pass of the second rolling.
Dans le cas d'un acier à ultra bas carbone, on effectue de préférence le second laminage à froid avec un taux d'allongement compris entre 25 % et 35 % au cours de la première passe de laminage et avec un taux d'allongement inférieur à 15 % et de préférence compris entre 5 % et 10 % pendant la seconde phase de laminage. In the case of an ultra low carbon steel, it is preferably carried out the second cold rolling with an elongation rate of between 25% and 35% during the first rolling pass and with an elongation rate less than 15% and preferably between 5% and 10% for the second rolling phase.
Dans le cas d'un acier à bas aluminium renitruré, on effectue de préférence le second laminage avec un taux d'allongement compris entre 15 % et 25 % pendant la première passe de laminage et un taux inférieur à 10 %, pendant la seconde passe du second laminage à froid.In the case of a renitrided low aluminum steel, it is preferably carried out the second rolling with an elongation rate of between 15% and 25% during the first rolling pass and a rate of less than 10%, during the second pass of the second cold rolling.
Enfin, le procédé suivant l'invention peut être appliqué à la fabrication de bandes métalliques minces destinées à la réalisation d'emballages métalliques dans des nuances différentes des nuances à ultra bas carbone ou à bas aluminium renitruré qui ont été décrites plus haut.Finally, the process according to the invention can be applied to manufacturing thin metal strips for packaging metallic in different shades from ultra low carbon shades or low renitrided aluminum which have been described above.
Claims (9)
et qu'on effectue le second laminage à froid avec un taux d'allongement compris entre 15 et 25 % pendant la première passe de laminage et un taux inférieur à 10 % pendant la seconde passe du second laminage à froid.Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the steel is a renitrided low aluminum steel having the following composition by weight:
and that the second cold rolling is carried out with an elongation rate of between 15 and 25% during the first rolling pass and a rate less than 10% during the second pass of the second cold rolling.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9712375A FR2769251B1 (en) | 1997-10-03 | 1997-10-03 | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A STRIP OF STEEL SHEET FOR THE PRODUCTION OF METAL PACKAGES BY STAMPING AND STEEL SHEET OBTAINED |
FR9712375 | 1997-10-03 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0906961A1 true EP0906961A1 (en) | 1999-04-07 |
EP0906961B1 EP0906961B1 (en) | 2002-09-04 |
Family
ID=9511822
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98402383A Expired - Lifetime EP0906961B1 (en) | 1997-10-03 | 1998-09-28 | Process for manufacturing steel strip for making metal containers by deep drawing and steel strip obtained |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6156131A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0906961B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE223503T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2246591C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69807617T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2181143T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2769251B1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT906961E (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1065283A1 (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-01-03 | Sollac S.A. | Aluminum killed medium carbon steel sheet for cans |
EP1065286A1 (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-01-03 | Sollac S.A. | Low aluminum steel sheet for cans |
EP1065284A1 (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-01-03 | Sollac S.A. | Aluminum killed low carbon steel sheet for cans |
CN107326268A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-07 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of cold rolling Steel for enamel of economical deep-draw and production method |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2795743B1 (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-08-03 | Lorraine Laminage | LOW ALUMINUM STEEL SHEET FOR PACKAGING |
JP5526483B2 (en) | 2008-03-19 | 2014-06-18 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Steel plate for high-strength can and manufacturing method thereof |
CN108624741B (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2019-10-22 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Have both high thermal stability, high intensity, high-ductility multiphase TWIP steel preparation method |
CN111266421B (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2022-04-12 | 银邦金属复合材料股份有限公司 | Aluminum steel composite material, preparation method thereof and power station air cooling equipment |
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EP0393508A1 (en) * | 1989-04-17 | 1990-10-24 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Process for producing grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having superior magnetic characteristic |
EP0718411A1 (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 1996-06-26 | Sollac S.A. | Process for producing steel strip for deep drawing and redrawing of steel cans |
-
1997
- 1997-10-03 FR FR9712375A patent/FR2769251B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-09-28 AT AT98402383T patent/ATE223503T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-09-28 ES ES98402383T patent/ES2181143T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-09-28 DE DE69807617T patent/DE69807617T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-09-28 EP EP98402383A patent/EP0906961B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-09-28 PT PT98402383T patent/PT906961E/en unknown
- 1998-10-02 CA CA002246591A patent/CA2246591C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-05 US US09/166,126 patent/US6156131A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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FR2145057A5 (en) * | 1971-07-02 | 1973-02-16 | Ferrieux Francois | |
FR2236009A1 (en) * | 1973-06-18 | 1975-01-31 | Nippon Steel Corp | |
JPS5616650A (en) * | 1979-07-16 | 1981-02-17 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Cold rolled steel plate for press forming having superior cold formability and artificial age hardenability and its using method |
JPS5779122A (en) * | 1980-11-01 | 1982-05-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | Production of ferritic stainless steel sheet of superior deep draw ability |
EP0393508A1 (en) * | 1989-04-17 | 1990-10-24 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Process for producing grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having superior magnetic characteristic |
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Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1065283A1 (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-01-03 | Sollac S.A. | Aluminum killed medium carbon steel sheet for cans |
EP1065286A1 (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-01-03 | Sollac S.A. | Low aluminum steel sheet for cans |
EP1065284A1 (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-01-03 | Sollac S.A. | Aluminum killed low carbon steel sheet for cans |
FR2795742A1 (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-01-05 | Lorraine Laminage | ALUMINUM QUIET CARBON STEEL PIPE FOR PACKAGING |
FR2795740A1 (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-01-05 | Lorraine Laminage | CALM LOW-CARBON STEEL SHEET WITH ALUMINUM FOR PACKAGING |
FR2795744A1 (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-01-05 | Lorraine Laminage | LOW ALUMINUM STEEL SHEET FOR PACKAGING |
US6478901B1 (en) | 1999-07-01 | 2002-11-12 | Sollac | Aluminum-killed low-carbon steel sheet for containers and method for its preparation |
US6673170B1 (en) | 1999-07-01 | 2004-01-06 | Sollac | Aluminum-killed medium-carbon steel sheet for containers and process for its preparation |
US6776856B2 (en) | 1999-07-01 | 2004-08-17 | Sollac | Aluminum-killed medium-carbon steel sheet for containers |
US6974511B1 (en) | 1999-07-01 | 2005-12-13 | Sollac | Steel sheet with low aluminum content for containers |
US7169243B2 (en) | 1999-07-01 | 2007-01-30 | Sollac | Aluminum-killed medium-carbon steel sheet for containers and process for its preparation |
CN107326268A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-07 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of cold rolling Steel for enamel of economical deep-draw and production method |
CN107326268B (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-03-15 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of economical deep-draw cold rolling Steel for enamel and production method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69807617T2 (en) | 2003-07-31 |
FR2769251B1 (en) | 1999-12-24 |
ATE223503T1 (en) | 2002-09-15 |
FR2769251A1 (en) | 1999-04-09 |
EP0906961B1 (en) | 2002-09-04 |
PT906961E (en) | 2003-01-31 |
ES2181143T3 (en) | 2003-02-16 |
CA2246591C (en) | 2007-04-10 |
CA2246591A1 (en) | 1999-04-03 |
DE69807617D1 (en) | 2002-10-10 |
US6156131A (en) | 2000-12-05 |
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