EP0901577B1 - Manually operable hydraulic pilot control - Google Patents

Manually operable hydraulic pilot control Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0901577B1
EP0901577B1 EP97927118A EP97927118A EP0901577B1 EP 0901577 B1 EP0901577 B1 EP 0901577B1 EP 97927118 A EP97927118 A EP 97927118A EP 97927118 A EP97927118 A EP 97927118A EP 0901577 B1 EP0901577 B1 EP 0901577B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
spring
pilot
housing
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97927118A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0901577A1 (en
Inventor
Peter BÜTTNER
Lucia Jelitte
Konrad Stahl
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Bosch Rexroth AG
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Mannesmann Rexroth AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/042—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor operated by fluid pressure
    • F15B13/0422—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor operated by fluid pressure with manually-operated pilot valves, e.g. joysticks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86574—Supply and exhaust
    • Y10T137/8667—Reciprocating valve
    • Y10T137/86694—Piston valve
    • Y10T137/86702—With internal flow passage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87056—With selective motion for plural valve actuator
    • Y10T137/87064—Oppositely movable cam surfaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a manually operated hydraulic pilot control device has the features from the preamble of claim 1, with the preamble of sibling claim 8 matches.
  • Such a manually operated hydraulic pilot control device is for example from DE 27 51 946 C2 known. It works on the basis of continuously adjustable pressure reducing valves, at the control output, a pilot pressure dependent on the deflection of a hand lever can be adjusted.
  • the hydraulic shown in the cited document Pilot control unit has a continuous housing bore in a housing, which is inside of the housing has a control section in which the control piston of a pressure reducing valve Is guided axially displaceable on both sides of the control section join bore sections with a larger diameter.
  • a plunger can be moved axially is guided, which protrudes in the direction away from the housing over the guide bush and can hit the guide bush with a collar at its inner end.
  • the plunger On its end projecting outwards over the guide bushing is the plunger over a Intermediate link acted on by a hand lever. Inside is on the plunger of two A spring plate pressed on. One helical compression spring is one Return spring for the tappet and for the hand lever and is supported except on the spring plate on a shoulder of the housing bore, the control section in one direction limited.
  • the second compression spring is the control spring of the pressure reducing valve, which is outside is supported on the spring plate on a shoulder of the control piston, i.e. in one direction can act away from the plunger.
  • the control piston extends with a long neck through the control spring and reaches behind the spring plate on the tappet with a head. If the head rests on the spring plate, there is a gap between the head and the plunger Axial direction a free space, which is a relative displacement between control piston and Plunger enables.
  • the control piston is a hollow piston with an axial blind bore that is attached to the plunger facing end of the control piston to a screw connection Section of the housing bore is open towards the control outlet of the pressure reducing valve represents. Run between the blind hole and the outside of the control piston several radial bores over which, depending on the position of the control piston Space in which the return spring and the control spring are located and with one Tank outlet of the pilot control unit is connected, or a control room connected to the pressure inlet of the pilot control unit is connected to the blind hole and thus to the control output can be connected.
  • the one containing the return spring and the control spring The spring chamber and the control chamber are separated from each other by a narrow housing bridge, whose axial extent is slightly larger than the diameter of the radial bores in the control piston.
  • the control piston is in the control position when the radial bores are at least almost completely covered by the housing web. In this Control position exists between the axially directed forces acting on the control piston a balance.
  • the force acting in one direction from the control spring is the same as large as the pressure at the control outlet on the cross-sectional area of the control piston generated counterforce Small movements of the control piston out of the control position connect the blind hole and thus the control outlet with the tank outlet or the Pressure input, which in a certain position of the plunger, the pressure in the control output is kept largely constant.
  • the radial bores in the control piston have a distance from the control room connected to the pressure input.
  • the Control spring is with a certain preload between the control piston and the Tappet clamped
  • a pilot pressure according to the figure 2 Set the control curve shown.
  • the control piston is in zero position via the control spring and the spring plate on the tappet Tappet taken without first building up pressure in the control outlet.
  • This Free travel is determined by the initial distance between the radial bores in the Control piston and the control room connected to the pressure input of the pilot control unit.
  • the control pressure jumps to a value that is determined by the pretensioning force of the Normal spring is determined in the zero position.
  • control spring With a further deflection of the hand lever and a further displacement of the tappet, the control spring is further compressed, while the control piston remains in the range of its control position or after Build-up of the corresponding pressure in the control outlet returns to its control position. According to the linear characteristic of the control spring, the control pressure increases linearly with the Ram stroke too.
  • the idle travel and the amount of the initial jump correspond very precisely to certain values in the pilot pressure.
  • That small movements of the hand lever on the pilot control unit which are caused, for example, by vibrations, not to a different speed of the drive wheels and thus to one Steering deflection is caused by the free travel on the pilot control unit.
  • An idle path on the pilot control means a steering play that is based on a specific one Value should be limited. Both together leads to the requirement that the empty path very much is to be followed exactly
  • the amount of pressure jump at the end of the free travel and a Response threshold of the hydraulic main unit, which is controlled with the pilot control unit is, for example, the response threshold of an actuating cylinder for the adjustment of a Variable pump, are coordinated. If the pressure jump on the pilot control unit is lower than the threshold on the main unit, the lever or ram travel increases on the pilot control unit until the main unit responds. This results in an enlargement the free travel and with a speed difference controlled steering as an enlarged Steering play noticeable. If the initial jump in print is higher than the threshold of the main unit, the pre-control becomes less sensitive.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a manually operated hydraulic pilot control device Features from the preamble of claim 1 or claim 8, to develop so that the free travel can be set easily.
  • control piston is displaceable in a control sleeve introduced into the housing bore and that the axial position of the control sleeve from the outside, in particular from the second open end of the housing bore off, is adjustable.
  • the trained on the control sleeve and with the control piston interacting control edges can be moved within the housing bore and each be brought into such a position that by the deflection of the hand lever or by moving the plunger after a certain one Path a flow cross-section between the control outlet and the pressure inlet is opened.
  • the accessibility of the control sleeve from the second open end of the housing bore makes the adjustment particularly easy, since no disassembly of parts of the Pilot device is necessary to get to the control sleeve.
  • the aim of the invention is also to provide a manually operated hydraulic pilot control device the features from the preamble of claim 1 and claim 8 has to evolve so that the height of the initial jump adjustable in the control pressure is.
  • an additional spring is now used, which is except on the control piston is supported on a stop which assumes a position fixed to the housing after the adjustment
  • this additional adjusting spring is at least approximately always equally tensioned, so that taking into account the direction of force, a constant force to that of the force exerted on the control piston is added to the control spring.
  • control sleeve is advantageously from the second open end of the Housing bore can be built into this.
  • the control sleeve is preferably screwed into the housing and has an external polygon for attaching a screwing tool. Is supported by a pushing the plunger Return spring according to claim 5 on the control sleeve, so there is no support shoulder necessary in the housing bore. The change in the preload of the return spring with the position of the control sleeve is only slight and makes itself felt when the pilot device is actuated hardly noticeable.
  • a shoulder is formed in the housing bore to which the control sleeve can be created when installed in the housing. This establishes a starting point in which the distance between the flow cross-section between the pressure inlet and control edges controlling the control output on the control sleeve and control piston extremely and from which the distance can be adjusted by moving the control sleeve back can.
  • Claim 7 specifies how control oil advantageously leads to the control outlet can be dissipated from the control output.
  • Control output not in the axis of the control piston, as one is connected to the control sleeve Control line hinder the adjustment, especially the rotation of the control sleeve could.
  • the pilot control device is particularly preferred according to claim 11 further training.
  • the rule spring and possibly a return spring acting on the plunger are from the one, first spring chamber recorded while the adjusting spring is in the other, second spring chamber, So with respect to the control section on the control piston opposite the control spring lies.
  • the construction of the pilot control unit is particularly simple when the adjusting spring According to claim 12, the control piston acts as a compression spring in the opposite direction to the control spring. The pressure force opposed to the force of the control spring thus becomes the force of the Adjustment spring added.
  • the second spring chamber connected to the control output. This happens advantageously by a radial outlet from the second spring chamber, because an axial Outlet and a control line connected in the axis of the control piston Adjustment of the stop for the adjusting spring would hinder.
  • pilot control device according to claim 15, according to which an adjustable housing-fixed stop for the adjusting spring and one in the housing bore introduced and adjustable in its axial position control sleeve without the stress of excessive space are combined with each other, so that empty path and pressure jump height can be set very precisely. This is done first by moving the idle travel of the control sleeve and then the preload by moving the stop the adjustment spring adjusts.
  • Pilot control device a housing 10 with a continuous housing bore 11 with sections of different diameters. From one end is in the housing bore 11 a guide bush 12 screwed so far into the housing bore 11 that it with an outer shoulder 13 abuts the housing 10.
  • a plunger 14 is in the guide bushing 12 axially guided, with a collar 15 against the inwardly facing end face of the guide bush 12 can be pressed and which has a blind bore 16 which in the Interior of the housing bore 11 is open. If he with the collar 15 on the guide bush 12 rests, the plunger 14 projects beyond the guide bush 12 by a distance that is larger is the necessary axial displacement.
  • the plunger 14 is, as in the known Pilot devices, actuated via a pivotable hand lever, not shown.
  • control sleeve 20 screwed in, on the outside essentially four axially consecutive sections can distinguish.
  • the control sleeve 20 has outside the housing bore 11 an external hexagon 21 on which a screwing tool for rotating the control sleeve can be applied.
  • the external hexagon 21 is followed by a threaded section 22, the External thread engages in an internal thread in the housing bore 11.
  • three circular cylindrical sections 23, 24 and 25, which is located on the threaded section 22nd subsequent section 23 the largest outer diameter, the following section 24 an average outside diameter and the last section 25 the smallest outside diameter has.
  • Around each section 23, 24 and 25 there is an annular groove on the outside into which a sealing ring 26 is inserted. Is between the sleeve portion 25 and the housing 10 an annular space 27 and an annular space between the sleeve portion 24 and the housing 10 28 trained.
  • the bore section 36 extends axially over the sleeve section 25 and about two-thirds of the sleeve section 24. It serves as a guide hole for the control piston 50 and as a control bore for the entire pressure reducing valve shown 9 and together with the control piston 50 controls the connections between the different connections of the valve. It has an annular control space 38, to a spring chamber 39 located in front of the sleeve section 25 through a web 40 of the control sleeve is separated. The ring edges between the end faces of the web 40 and the bore section 36 form the fixed control edges 41 and 42 of the pressure reducing valve 9.
  • the control chamber 38 is connected to the annular space via a plurality of radial bores 43 27 connected.
  • the bore section 37 has a larger diameter than the bore section 36 and is connected to the annular space 28 via a plurality of radial bores. To the outside it is closed by an adjusting screw 45 with hexagon socket 46, which is in the control sleeve 20 screwed in and secured in position by a lock nut 47. One in the Control sleeve 20 inserted locking ring 48 limits the displacement of the adjusting screw 45 to the outside.
  • the control piston 50 is a hollow piston with an axial blind bore 51 that leads to the bore section 37 of the control sleeve 20 open and with a plurality of radial bores 52 is connected to the outside of the control piston.
  • the diameter of the radial bores 52 is slightly smaller than the axial distance between the two control edges 41 and 42 on the Control sleeve 20 so that the radial bores can be completely covered by the web 40.
  • the control piston 50 extends with a neck 53 through the spring chamber 39 and projects with a head 54 into the blind bore 16 of the plunger 14. He reaches behind with the head 54 a disc 55 which between the collar 15 of the plunger 14 and a spring plate 56 is arranged and in the manner of a slotted locking ring Head 54 holds.
  • a return spring 60 received by the spring chamber 39 is supported on the one hand on the control sleeve 20 and on the other hand via the spring plate 56 and the disk 55 on the plunger 14, which they in the rest position of the pressure reducing valve 9 against the guide bush 12 presses. Furthermore, a control spring 61 is received by the spring chamber 39, clamped between a shoulder 59 of the control piston 50 and the spring plate 56 is and which ensures that the head 54 of the control piston in the rest position of the plunger 14 50 abuts the disc 55.
  • the free area of the bore section 37 between the control sleeve 20 and the adjusting screw 45 accommodates an adjusting spring 62 as the spring chamber 67, which is located between the adjusting screw 45 and a spring plate 63 is clamped, which has a continuous axial bore 64, rests with a collar 65 on the control piston 50 and on the one hand in the control piston 50 is guided and even the adjusting spring 62 leads
  • the spring chamber 39 is via a channel 70 with a tank outlet T, the annular chamber 27 a channel 71 with a pressure input P and the annular space 28 via a channel 72 a control output A of the pressure reducing valve 9 connected.
  • control sleeve 20 In the position shown in Figure 1, the control sleeve 20 is up to a stop in the Screwed in housing 10. In this position, the control sleeve 20 has the radial bores 52 a certain clear distance from the control edge 42. Between the control edge 41 and the radial bores 52 there is a small flow cross section. In the distance tolerances of the housing go between the control edge 42 and the radial bores 52 10, the guide sleeve 12 and the plunger 14, the control sleeve 20 and the control piston 50 a. By turning back the control sleeve 20 can now regardless of the tolerances a desired distance between the control edge 42 and the radial bores 52 can be adjusted.

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem manuell betätigbaren hydraulischen Vorsteuergerät, das die Merkmale aus dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 aufweist, der mit dem Oberbegriff des nebengeordneten Anspruchs 8 übereinstimmt.The invention relates to a manually operated hydraulic pilot control device has the features from the preamble of claim 1, with the preamble of sibling claim 8 matches.

Ein solches manuell betätigbares hydraulisches Vorsteuergerät ist zum Beispiel aus der DE 27 51 946 C2 bekannt. Es arbeitet auf der Basis von stetig verstellbaren Druckreduzierventilen, an deren Regelausgang ein von der Auslenkung eines Handhebels abhängiger Vorsteuerdruck eingestellt werden kann. Das in der genannten Schrift gezeigte hydraulische Vorsteuergerät besitzt in einem Gehäuse eine durchgehende Gehäusebohrung, die im Inneren des Gehäuses einen Steuerabschnitt aufweist, in dem der Regelkolben eines Druckreduzierventils dicht axial verschiebbar geführt ist Zu beiden Seiten des Steuerabschnitts schließen sich Bohrungsabschnitte mit größerem Durchmesser an. In das eine Ende der Gehäusebohrung ist eine Führungsbuchse eingeschraubt, in der ein Stößel axial verschiebbar geführt ist, der in Richtung vom Gehäuse weg über die Führungsbuchse vorsteht und mit einem Bund an seinem inneren Ende an die Führungsbuchse anschlagen kann. An seinem über die Führungsbuchse nach außen vorspringenden Ende ist der Stößel über ein Zwischenglied von einem Handhebel beaufschlagbar. Innen wird an den Stößel von zwei Schraubendruckfedem ein Federteller angedrückt. Die eine Schraubendruckfeder ist eine Rückstellfeder für den Stößel und für den Handhebel und stützt sich außer am Federteller an einer Schulter der Gehäusebohrung ab, die deren Steuerabschnitt in die eine Richtung begrenzt. Die zweite Druckfeder ist die Regelfeder des Druckreduzierventils, die sich außer am Federteller an einer Schulter des Regelkolbens abstützt, diesen also in eine Richtung weg vom Stößel beaufschlagen kann. Der Regelkolben erstreckt sich mit einem langen Hals durch die Regelfeder hindurch und hintergreift mit einem Kopf den Federteller am Stößel. Wenn der Kopf am Federteller anliegt, besteht zwischen dem Kopf und dem Stößel in axialer Richtung ein Freiraum, der eine relative Verschiebung zwischen Regelkolben und Stößel ermöglicht.Such a manually operated hydraulic pilot control device is for example from DE 27 51 946 C2 known. It works on the basis of continuously adjustable pressure reducing valves, at the control output, a pilot pressure dependent on the deflection of a hand lever can be adjusted. The hydraulic shown in the cited document Pilot control unit has a continuous housing bore in a housing, which is inside of the housing has a control section in which the control piston of a pressure reducing valve Is guided axially displaceable on both sides of the control section join bore sections with a larger diameter. In one end of the A guide bush is screwed into the housing bore, in which a plunger can be moved axially is guided, which protrudes in the direction away from the housing over the guide bush and can hit the guide bush with a collar at its inner end. On its end projecting outwards over the guide bushing is the plunger over a Intermediate link acted on by a hand lever. Inside is on the plunger of two A spring plate pressed on. One helical compression spring is one Return spring for the tappet and for the hand lever and is supported except on the spring plate on a shoulder of the housing bore, the control section in one direction limited. The second compression spring is the control spring of the pressure reducing valve, which is outside is supported on the spring plate on a shoulder of the control piston, i.e. in one direction can act away from the plunger. The control piston extends with a long neck through the control spring and reaches behind the spring plate on the tappet with a head. If the head rests on the spring plate, there is a gap between the head and the plunger Axial direction a free space, which is a relative displacement between control piston and Plunger enables.

Der Regelkolben ist ein Hohlkolben mit einer axialen Sackbohrung, die an der dem Stößel abgewandten Stimseite des Regelkolbens zu einem als Schraubanschluß ausgebildeten Abschnitt der Gehäusebohrung hin offen ist, der den Regelausgang des Druckreduzierventils darstellt. Zwischen der Sackbohrung und der Außenseite des Regelkolbens verlaufen mehrere Radialbohrungen, über die in Abhängigkeit von der Position des Regelkolbens der Raum, in dem sich die Rückstellfeder und die Regelfeder befinden und der mit einem Tankausgang des Vorsteuergeräts verbunden ist, oder ein Steuerraum, der mit dem Druckeingang des Vorsteuergeräts verbunden ist, mit der Sackbohrung und damit mit dem Regelausgang verbunden werden kann. Der die Rückstellfeder und die Regelfeder enthaltende Federraum und der Steuerraum sind durch einen schmalen Gehäusesteg voneinander getrennt, dessen axiale Erstreckung geringfügig größer ist als der Durchmesser der Radialbohrungen im Regelkolben. Der Regelkolben befindet sich in Regelstellung, wenn die Radialbohrungen wenigstens annähernd ganz vom Gehäusesteg abgedeckt sind. In dieser Regelstellung besteht zwischen den am Regelkolben angreifenden axial gerichteten Kräften ein Gleichgewicht. Die von der Regelfeder in die eine Richtung wirkende Kraft ist genauso groß wie die vom Druck am Regelausgang an der Querschnittsfläche des Regelkolbens erzeugte Gegenkraft Kleine Bewegungen des Regelkolbens aus der Regelstellung heraus verbinden die Sackbohrung und damit den Regelausgang mit dem Tankausgang oder dem Druckeingang, wodurch in einer bestimmten Position des Stößels der Druck im Regelausgang weitgehend konstant gehalten wird.The control piston is a hollow piston with an axial blind bore that is attached to the plunger facing end of the control piston to a screw connection Section of the housing bore is open towards the control outlet of the pressure reducing valve represents. Run between the blind hole and the outside of the control piston several radial bores over which, depending on the position of the control piston Space in which the return spring and the control spring are located and with one Tank outlet of the pilot control unit is connected, or a control room connected to the pressure inlet of the pilot control unit is connected to the blind hole and thus to the control output can be connected. The one containing the return spring and the control spring The spring chamber and the control chamber are separated from each other by a narrow housing bridge, whose axial extent is slightly larger than the diameter of the radial bores in the control piston. The control piston is in the control position when the radial bores are at least almost completely covered by the housing web. In this Control position exists between the axially directed forces acting on the control piston a balance. The force acting in one direction from the control spring is the same as large as the pressure at the control outlet on the cross-sectional area of the control piston generated counterforce Small movements of the control piston out of the control position connect the blind hole and thus the control outlet with the tank outlet or the Pressure input, which in a certain position of the plunger, the pressure in the control output is kept largely constant.

In der Nullstellung des Handhebels und des Stößels besitzen die Radialbohrungen im Regelkolben einen Abstand von dem mit dem Druckeingang verbundenen Steuerraum. Die Regelfeder ist mit einer bestimmten Vorspannkraft zwischen dem Regelkolben und dem Stößel eingespanntIn the zero position of the hand lever and the plunger, the radial bores in the control piston have a distance from the control room connected to the pressure input. The Control spring is with a certain preload between the control piston and the Tappet clamped

Mit dem bekannten Vorsteuergerät läßt sich in Abhängigkeit von der Auslenkung des Handhebels beziehungsweise vom Hub des Stößels ein Vorsteuerdruck gemäß der in Figur 2 gezeigten Regelkurve einstellen. Zu Beginn einer Bewegung des Handhebels aus der Null-Lage wird der Regelkolben über die Regelfeder und den Federteller am Stößel vom Stößel mitgenommen, ohne daß sich zunächst ein Druck im Regelausgang aufbaut. Dieser Leerweg ist bestimmt durch den anfänglichen Abstand zwischen den Radialbohrungen im Regelkolben und dem mit dem Druckeingang des Vorsteuergeräts verbundenen Steuerraum. Sobald ein Durchflußquerschnitt zwischen den Radialbohrungen und dem Steuerraum geöffnet wird, springt der Regeldruck auf einen Wert, der durch die Vorspannkraft der Regelfeder in der Null-Lage bestimmt ist. Bei einer weiteren Auslenkung des Handhebels und einer weiteren Verschiebung des Stößels wird die Regelfeder weiter zusammengedrückt, während der Regelkolben im Bereich seiner Regelstellung verbleibt oder nach dem Aufbau des entsprechenden Drucks im Regelausgang in seine Regelstellung zurückkehrt. Entsprechend der linearen Kennlinie der Regelfeder nimmt der Regeldruck linear mit dem Stößelhub zu. With the known pilot control device, depending on the deflection of the Hand lever or from the stroke of the tappet, a pilot pressure according to the figure 2 Set the control curve shown. At the beginning of a movement of the hand lever from the The control piston is in zero position via the control spring and the spring plate on the tappet Tappet taken without first building up pressure in the control outlet. This Free travel is determined by the initial distance between the radial bores in the Control piston and the control room connected to the pressure input of the pilot control unit. As soon as a flow cross-section between the radial bores and the control room is opened, the control pressure jumps to a value that is determined by the pretensioning force of the Normal spring is determined in the zero position. With a further deflection of the hand lever and a further displacement of the tappet, the control spring is further compressed, while the control piston remains in the range of its control position or after Build-up of the corresponding pressure in the control outlet returns to its control position. According to the linear characteristic of the control spring, the control pressure increases linearly with the Ram stroke too.

Bei manchen Anwendungen wird gewünscht, daß der Leerweg und die Höhe des Anfangssprungs im Vorsteuerdruck sehr genau bestimmten Werten entsprechen. Dies ist zum Beispiel der Fall bei Fahrzeugen, die mit getrennten hydrostatischen Antrieben für die zwei Seiten des Fahrzeuges, zum Beispiel für zwei Raupenketten ausgestattet sind und dadurch gelenkt werden, daß zwei Antriebsräder auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Fahrzeugs mit unterschiedlichen Drehzahlen angetrieben werden. Daß kleine Bewegungen des Handhebels am Vorsteuergerät, die zum Beispiel durch Erschütterungen hervorgerufen werden, nicht schon zu einer unterschiedlichen Drehzahl der Antriebsräder und damit zu einem Lenkausschlag führen, wird durch den Leerweg am Vorsteuergerät bewirkt. Andererseits bedeutet ein Leerweg am Vorsteuergerät ein Lenkungsspiel, das auf einen bestimmten Wert begrenzt sein soll. Beides zusammen führt zu der Forderung, daß der Leerweg sehr genau einzuhalten istIn some applications, it is desired that the idle travel and the amount of the initial jump correspond very precisely to certain values in the pilot pressure. This is for example the case for vehicles with separate hydrostatic drives for the two Sides of the vehicle, for example, are equipped for two caterpillar tracks and thereby be steered with two drive wheels on opposite sides of the vehicle different speeds are driven. That small movements of the hand lever on the pilot control unit, which are caused, for example, by vibrations, not to a different speed of the drive wheels and thus to one Steering deflection is caused by the free travel on the pilot control unit. on the other hand An idle path on the pilot control means a steering play that is based on a specific one Value should be limited. Both together leads to the requirement that the empty path very much is to be followed exactly

Wünschenswert ist auch, daß die Höhe des Drucksprungs am Ende des Leerwegs und eine Ansprechschwelle des hydraulischen Hauptgerätes, das mit dem Vorsteuergerät angesteuert wird, zum Beispiel die Ansprechschwelle eines Stellzylinders für die Verstellung einer Verstellpumpe, aufeinander abgestimmt sind. Ist der Drucksprung am Vorsteuergerät niedriger als die Schwelle am Hauptgerät, so vergrößert sich der Hebel- beziehungsweise Stößelweg am Vorsteuergerät, bis das Hauptgerät anspricht. Dies macht sich in einer Vergrößerung des Leerwegs und bei einer drehzahldifferenzgesteuerten Lenkung als vergrößertes Lenkungsspiel bemerkbar. Ist der Anfangssprung im Druck höher als die Ansprichschwelle des Hauptgeräts, so wird die Vorsteuerung weniger feinfühlig.It is also desirable that the amount of pressure jump at the end of the free travel and a Response threshold of the hydraulic main unit, which is controlled with the pilot control unit is, for example, the response threshold of an actuating cylinder for the adjustment of a Variable pump, are coordinated. If the pressure jump on the pilot control unit is lower than the threshold on the main unit, the lever or ram travel increases on the pilot control unit until the main unit responds. This results in an enlargement the free travel and with a speed difference controlled steering as an enlarged Steering play noticeable. If the initial jump in print is higher than the threshold of the main unit, the pre-control becomes less sensitive.

Ziel der Erfindung ist es, ein manuell betätigbares hydraulisches Vorsteuergerät, das die Merkmale aus dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 beziehungsweise des Anspruchs 8 aufweist, so weiterzuentwickeln, daß der Leerweg auf einfache Weise eingestellt werden kann.The aim of the invention is to provide a manually operated hydraulic pilot control device Features from the preamble of claim 1 or claim 8, to develop so that the free travel can be set easily.

Dieses Ziel wird gemäß dem kennzeichnenden Teils des Anspruchs 1 dadurch erreicht, daß der Regelkolben in einer in die Gehäusebohrung eingebrachten Steuerhülse verschiebbar ist und daß die axiale Position der Steuerhülse von außen, insbesondere vom zweiten offenen Ende der Gehäusebohrung aus, justierbar ist. Die an der Steuerhülse ausgebildeten und mit dem Regelkolben zusammenwirkenden Steuerkanten können innerhalb der Gehäusebohrung verschoben und jeweils in eine solche Position gebracht werden, daß durch die Auslenkung des Handhebels beziehungsweise durch die Verschiebung des Stößels jeweils nach einem bestimmten Weg ein Durchflußquerschnitt zwischen dem Regelausgang und dem Druckeingang geöffnet wird. Die Zugänglichkeit der Steuerhülse vom zweiten offenen Ende der Gehäusebohrung aus macht die Justage besonders einfach, da keine Demontage von Teilen des Vorsteuergeräts notwendig ist, um an die Steuerhülse zu gelangen.This object is achieved according to the characterizing part of claim 1 in that the control piston is displaceable in a control sleeve introduced into the housing bore and that the axial position of the control sleeve from the outside, in particular from the second open end of the housing bore off, is adjustable. The trained on the control sleeve and with the control piston interacting control edges can be moved within the housing bore and each be brought into such a position that by the deflection of the hand lever or by moving the plunger after a certain one Path a flow cross-section between the control outlet and the pressure inlet is opened. The accessibility of the control sleeve from the second open end of the housing bore makes the adjustment particularly easy, since no disassembly of parts of the Pilot device is necessary to get to the control sleeve.

Ziel der Erfindung ist es auch, ein manuell betätigbares hydraulisches Vorsteuergerät, das die Merkmale aus dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 beziehungsweise des Anspruchs 8 aufweist, so weiterzuentwickeln, daß die Höhe des Anfangssprungs im Regeldruck einstellbar ist.The aim of the invention is also to provide a manually operated hydraulic pilot control device the features from the preamble of claim 1 and claim 8 has to evolve so that the height of the initial jump adjustable in the control pressure is.

Dieses Ziel wird gemäß dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 8 dadurch erreicht, daß zwischen dem Regelkolben und einem justierbaren gehäusefesten Anschlag eine Justierfeder angeordnet ist. Grundsätzlich ist es natürlich denkbar, den Drucksprung dadurch zu verändem, daß die in der Null-Lage von Handhebel und Stößel vorhandene, minimale Vorspannung der Regelfeder angepaßt wird. Dies ist, da mit Demontage und Montagearbeiten verbunden, recht umständlich und schwierig. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Vorsteuergerät nach Anspruch 8 ist nun eine zusätzliche Feder verwendet, die sich außer am Regelkolben an einem nach der Justage eine gehäusefeste Position einnehmenden Anschlag abstützt In der Regelstellung, die der Regelkolben nach der Einregelung des Regeldrucks einnimmt, ist diese zusätzliche Justierfeder wenigstens annähernd immer gleich stark gespannt, so daß sich unter Berücksichtigung der Kraftrichtung jeweils eine konstante Kraft zu der von der Regelfeder auf den Regelkolben ausgeübten Kraft hinzuaddiert. Durch Änderung der Vorspannung der Justierfeder kann also der Anfangssprung im Regeldruck erhöht oder erniedrigt werden. Der justierbare gehäusefeste Anschlag kann leicht so angeordnet werden, daß er von außen zugänglich ist. Damit ist eine Justage auf besonders einfache Weise möglich.This aim is achieved according to the characterizing part of claim 8 in that between the control piston and an adjustable stop fixed to the housing an adjusting spring is arranged. In principle, it is of course conceivable that the pressure jump thereby change that in the zero position of the hand lever and plunger, minimal preload the control spring is adjusted. This is because with disassembly and assembly work connected, quite cumbersome and difficult. In the pilot control device according to the invention According to claim 8, an additional spring is now used, which is except on the control piston is supported on a stop which assumes a position fixed to the housing after the adjustment In the control position that the control piston assumes after the control pressure has been adjusted, this additional adjusting spring is at least approximately always equally tensioned, so that taking into account the direction of force, a constant force to that of the force exerted on the control piston is added to the control spring. By changing the Biasing the adjusting spring can increase or increase the initial jump in the control pressure be humiliated. The adjustable housing-fixed stop can easily be arranged that it is accessible from the outside. This makes adjustment particularly easy possible.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen eines erfindungsgemäßen manuell betätigbaren hydraulischen Vorsteuergeräts gemäß Anspruch 1 kann man den Unteransprüchen 2 bis 7 entnehmen, während sich vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen eines manuell betätigbaren hydraulischen Vorsteuergeräts gemäß Anspruch 8 in den Unteransprüchen 9 bis 15 finden.Advantageous embodiments of a manually operable hydraulic Pilot control device according to claim 1 can be found in subclaims 2 to 7, while advantageous configurations of a manually operated hydraulic Pilot control device according to claim 8 in subclaims 9 to 15.

Gemäß Anspruch 2 ist die Steuerhülse vorteilhafterweise vom zweiten offenen Ende der Gehäusebohrung aus in diese einbaubar. Dadurch sind im Bereich des Stößels keinerlei Veränderungen gegenüber bekannten Vorsteuergeräten notwendig.According to claim 2, the control sleeve is advantageously from the second open end of the Housing bore can be built into this. As a result, there are none in the area of the ram Changes to known pilot control devices necessary.

Bevorzugt ist die Steuerhülse in das Gehäuse eingeschraubt und besitzt einen Außenmehrkant zum Ansetzen eines Schraubwerkzeugs. Stützt sich eine den Stößel beaufschlagende Rückstellfeder gemäß Anspruch 5 an der Steuerhülse ab, so ist keine Abstützschulter in der Gehäusebohrung notwendig. Die Änderung der Vorspannung der Rückstellfeder mit der Position der Steuerhülse ist nur gering und macht sich bei der Betätigung des Vorsteuergeräts kaum bemerkbar.The control sleeve is preferably screwed into the housing and has an external polygon for attaching a screwing tool. Is supported by a pushing the plunger Return spring according to claim 5 on the control sleeve, so there is no support shoulder necessary in the housing bore. The change in the preload of the return spring with the position of the control sleeve is only slight and makes itself felt when the pilot device is actuated hardly noticeable.

Gemäß Anspruch 6 ist in der Gehäusebohrung eine Schulter ausgebildet, an die die Steuerhülse beim Einbau in das Gehäuse anlegbar ist. Damit ist ein Ausgangspunkt festgelegt, in dem der Abstand zwischen den den Durchflußquerschnitt zwischen dem Druckeingang und dem Regelausgang steuernden Steuerkanten an Steuerhülse und Regelkolben extrem ist und von dem aus der Abstand durch Zurückbewegen der Steuerhülse eingestellt werden kann.According to claim 6, a shoulder is formed in the housing bore to which the control sleeve can be created when installed in the housing. This establishes a starting point in which the distance between the flow cross-section between the pressure inlet and control edges controlling the control output on the control sleeve and control piston extremely and from which the distance can be adjusted by moving the control sleeve back can.

In Anspruch 7 ist angegeben, wie Steueröl auf vorteilhafte Weise dem Regelausgang zuund vom Regelausgang abgeführt werden kann. Insbesondere liegt gemäß Anspruch 7 der Regelausgang nicht in der Achse des Regelkolbens, da eine an die Steuerhülse angeschlossene Steuerleitung die Justage, insbesondere die Verdrehung der Steuerhülse behindem könnte.Claim 7 specifies how control oil advantageously leads to the control outlet can be dissipated from the control output. In particular, according to claim 7 Control output not in the axis of the control piston, as one is connected to the control sleeve Control line hinder the adjustment, especially the rotation of the control sleeve could.

Das Vorsteuergerät gemäß Anspruch 8 wird besonders bevorzugt gemäß Anspruch 11 weitergebildet. Nach diesem Anspruch besteht beidseits einer Steuerbohrung, in der ein Steuerabschnitt des Regelkolbens geführt ist, jeweils ein Federraum. Die Regelfeder und eventuell eine den Stößel beaufschlagende Rückstellfeder sind von dem einen, ersten Federraum aufgenommen, während sich die Justierfeder im anderen, zweiten Federraum befindet, also bezüglich des Steuerabschnitts am Regelkolben der Regelfeder gegenüber liegt. Der Aufbau des Vorsteuergeräts wird dann besonders einfach, wenn die Justierfeder gemäß Anspruch 12 den Regelkolben als Druckfeder gegensinnig zur Regelfeder beaufschlagt. Der der Kraft der Regelfeder entgegengerichteten Druckkraft wird also die Kraft der Justierfeder hinzuaddiert.The pilot control device according to claim 8 is particularly preferred according to claim 11 further training. According to this claim, there is a control bore on both sides in which a Control section of the control piston is guided, each a spring chamber. The rule spring and possibly a return spring acting on the plunger are from the one, first spring chamber recorded while the adjusting spring is in the other, second spring chamber, So with respect to the control section on the control piston opposite the control spring lies. The construction of the pilot control unit is particularly simple when the adjusting spring According to claim 12, the control piston acts as a compression spring in the opposite direction to the control spring. The pressure force opposed to the force of the control spring thus becomes the force of the Adjustment spring added.

Um denselben mit einer axialen Sackbohrung und wenigstens einer Radialbohrung versehenen Regelkolben wie in bekannten Vorsteuergeräten verwenden zu können, ist gemäß Anspruch 13 der zweite Federraum mit dem Regelausgang verbunden. Dies geschieht vorteilhafterweise durch einen radialen Abgang aus dem zweiten Federraum, weil ein axialer Abgang und eine in der Achse des Regelkolbens angeschlossene Steuerleitung die Verstellung des Anschlags für die Justierfeder behindern würde.To provide it with an axial blind bore and at least one radial bore To be able to use control pistons as in known pilot control devices is according to Claim 13 the second spring chamber connected to the control output. this happens advantageously by a radial outlet from the second spring chamber, because an axial Outlet and a control line connected in the axis of the control piston Adjustment of the stop for the adjusting spring would hinder.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Ausbildung eines Vorsteuergeräts gemäß Anspruch 15, wonach ein justierbarer gehäusefester Anschlag für die Justierfeder und eine in die Gehäusebohrung eingebrachte und in ihrer axialen Position justierbare Steuerhülse ohne die Beanspruchung von übermäßig vielem Raum miteinander kombiniert sind, so daß sich Leerweg und Drucksprunghöhe sehr genau einstellen lassen. Dabei wird zuerst durch Verschieben der Steuerhülse der Leerweg und anschließend durch Verschieben des Anschlags die Vorspannung der Justierfeder justiert.It is particularly advantageous to design a pilot control device according to claim 15, according to which an adjustable housing-fixed stop for the adjusting spring and one in the housing bore introduced and adjustable in its axial position control sleeve without the stress of excessive space are combined with each other, so that empty path and pressure jump height can be set very precisely. This is done first by moving the idle travel of the control sleeve and then the preload by moving the stop the adjustment spring adjusts.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Vorsteuergeräts und eine Regelkurve sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt. Anhand der Figuren dieser Zeichnungen wird die Erfindung nun näher erläutert.An embodiment of a pilot control device according to the invention and a control curve are shown in the drawings. The invention is illustrated by the figures in these drawings now explained in more detail.

Es zeigen

Figur 1
einen Längsschnitt durch das Ausführungsbeispiel und
Figur 2
die Regelkurve.
Show it
Figure 1
a longitudinal section through the embodiment and
Figure 2
the control curve.

Gemäß dem Teilausschnitt nach Figur 1 besitzt das Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen, auf der Basis von einem oder mehreren Druckreduzierventilen 9 arbeitenden Vorsteuergeräts ein Gehäuse 10 mit einer durchgehenden Gehäusebohrung 11 mit Abschnitten unterschiedlichen Durchmessers. Vom einen Ende her ist in die Gehäusebohrung 11 eine Führungsbuchse 12 soweit in die Gehäusebohrung 11 eingeschraubt, daß sie mit einer Außenschulter 13 am Gehäuse 10 anliegt. In der Führungsbuchse 12 ist ein Stößel 14 axial geführt, der mit einem Bund 15 gegen die nach innen weisende Stirnseite der Führungsbuchse 12 gedrückt werden kann und der eine Sackbohrung 16 aufweist, die in das Innere der Gehäusebohrung 11 offen ist. Wenn er mit dem Bund 15 an der Führungsbuchse 12 anliegt, überragt der Stößel 14 die Führungsbuchse 12 um eine Strecke, die größer ist als der notwendige axiale Verschiebeweg. Der Stößel 14 ist, wie bei den bekannten Vorsteuergeräten, über einen nicht näher dargestellten verschwenkbaren Handhebel betätigbar.According to the partial section according to FIG. 1, the exemplary embodiment of an inventive working on the basis of one or more pressure reducing valves 9 Pilot control device a housing 10 with a continuous housing bore 11 with sections of different diameters. From one end is in the housing bore 11 a guide bush 12 screwed so far into the housing bore 11 that it with an outer shoulder 13 abuts the housing 10. A plunger 14 is in the guide bushing 12 axially guided, with a collar 15 against the inwardly facing end face of the guide bush 12 can be pressed and which has a blind bore 16 which in the Interior of the housing bore 11 is open. If he with the collar 15 on the guide bush 12 rests, the plunger 14 projects beyond the guide bush 12 by a distance that is larger is the necessary axial displacement. The plunger 14 is, as in the known Pilot devices, actuated via a pivotable hand lever, not shown.

Vom anderen offenen Ende der Gehäusebohrung 11 aus ist in diese eine Steuerhülse 20 eingeschraubt, an der man außen im wesentlichen vier axial hintereinanderliegende Abschnitte unterscheiden kann. Außerhalb der Gehäusebohrung 11 weist die Steuerhülse 20 einen Außensechskant 21 auf, an dem zum Verdrehen der Steuerhülse ein Schraubwerkzeug angesetzt werden kann. Dem Außensechskant 21 folgt ein Gewindeabschnitt 22, dessen Außengewinde in ein Innengewinde in der Gehäusebohrung 11 eingreift. Dann folgen drei kreiszylindrische Abschnitte 23, 24 und 25, wobei der sich an den Gewindeabschnitt 22 anschließende Abschnitt 23 den größten Außendurchmesser, der folgende Abschnitt 24 einen mittleren Außendurchmesser und der letzte Abschnitt 25 den kleinsten Außendurchmesser besitzt. Um jeden Abschnitt 23, 24 und 25 läuft außen eine Ringnut herum, in die ein Dichtring 26 eingelegt ist. Zwischen dem Hülsenabschnitt 25 und dem Gehäuse 10 ist ein Ringraum 27 und zwischen dem Hülsenabschnitt 24 und dem Gehäuse 10 ein Ringraum 28 ausgebildet.From the other open end of the housing bore 11 there is a control sleeve 20 screwed in, on the outside essentially four axially consecutive sections can distinguish. The control sleeve 20 has outside the housing bore 11 an external hexagon 21 on which a screwing tool for rotating the control sleeve can be applied. The external hexagon 21 is followed by a threaded section 22, the External thread engages in an internal thread in the housing bore 11. Then follow three circular cylindrical sections 23, 24 and 25, which is located on the threaded section 22nd subsequent section 23 the largest outer diameter, the following section 24 an average outside diameter and the last section 25 the smallest outside diameter has. Around each section 23, 24 and 25 there is an annular groove on the outside into which a sealing ring 26 is inserted. Is between the sleeve portion 25 and the housing 10 an annular space 27 and an annular space between the sleeve portion 24 and the housing 10 28 trained.

An der durch die Steuerhülse 20 hindurchgehenden Axialbohrung 35 lassen sich im wesentlichen zwei stufenförmig ineinander übergehende Bohrungsabschnitte 36 und 37 voneinander unterscheiden. Der Bohrungsabschnitt 36 erstreckt sich axial über den Hülsenabschnitt 25 und über etwa zwei Drittel des Hülsenabschnitts 24. Er dient als Führungsbohrung für den Regelkolben 50 und als Steuerbohrung für das gesamte gezeigte Druckreduzierventil 9 und steuert zusammen mit dem Regelkolben 50 die Verbindungen zwischen den verschiedenen Anschlüssen des Ventils. Er besitzt einen ringförmigen Steuerraum 38, der zu einem sich vor dem Hülsenabschnitt 25 befindlichen Federraum 39 durch einen Steg 40 der Steuerhülse getrennt ist Die Ringkanten zwischen den Stirnseiten des Steges 40 und dem Bohrungsabschnitt 36 bilden die ortsfesten Steuerkanten 41 und 42 des Druckreduzierventils 9. Der Steuerraum 38 ist über mehrere Radialbohrungen 43 mit dem Ringraum 27 verbunden.On the axial bore 35 passing through the control sleeve 20, essentially two bore sections 36 and 37 merging into one another in steps differ. The bore section 36 extends axially over the sleeve section 25 and about two-thirds of the sleeve section 24. It serves as a guide hole for the control piston 50 and as a control bore for the entire pressure reducing valve shown 9 and together with the control piston 50 controls the connections between the different connections of the valve. It has an annular control space 38, to a spring chamber 39 located in front of the sleeve section 25 through a web 40 of the control sleeve is separated. The ring edges between the end faces of the web 40 and the bore section 36 form the fixed control edges 41 and 42 of the pressure reducing valve 9. The control chamber 38 is connected to the annular space via a plurality of radial bores 43 27 connected.

Der Bohrungsabschnitt 37 besitzt einen größeren Durchmesser als der Bohrungsabschnitt 36 und ist über mehrere Radialbohrungen mit dem Ringraum 28 verbunden. Nach außen ist er durch eine Verstellschraube 45 mit Innensechskant 46 verschlossen, die in die Steuerhülse 20 eingedreht und in ihrer Position durch eine Kontermutter 47 gesichert ist. Ein in die Steuerhülse 20 eingesetzter Sicherungsring 48 begrenzt den Verstellweg der Verstellschraube 45 nach außen.The bore section 37 has a larger diameter than the bore section 36 and is connected to the annular space 28 via a plurality of radial bores. To the outside it is closed by an adjusting screw 45 with hexagon socket 46, which is in the control sleeve 20 screwed in and secured in position by a lock nut 47. One in the Control sleeve 20 inserted locking ring 48 limits the displacement of the adjusting screw 45 to the outside.

Der Regelkolben 50 ist ein Hohlkolben mit einer axialen Sackbohrung 51, die zu dem Bohrungsabschnitt 37 der Steuerhülse 20 hin offen und über mehrere Radialbohrungen 52 mit der Außenseite des Regelkolbens verbunden ist Der Durchmesser der Radialbohrungen 52 ist geringfügig kleiner als der axiale Abstand der beiden Steuerkanten 41 und 42 an der Steuerhülse 20, so daß die Radialbohrungen von dem Steg 40 ganz verdeckt werden können. Der Regelkolben 50 erstreckt sich mit einem Hals 53 durch den Federraum 39 hindurch und ragt mit einem Kopf 54 in die Sackbohrung 16 des Stößels 14 hinein. Er hintergreift mit dem Kopf 54 eine Scheibe 55, die zwischen dem Bund 15 des Stößels 14 und einem Federteller 56 angeordnet ist und nach Art eines geschlitzten Sicherungsrings den Kopf 54 hält. Eine von dem Federraum 39 aufgenommene Rückstellfeder 60 stützt sich einerseits an der Steuerhülse 20 und andererseits über den Federteller 56 und die Scheibe 55 am Stößel 14 ab, den sie in der Ruheposition des Druckreduzierventils 9 gegen die Führungsbuchse 12 drückt. Weiterhin ist von dem Federraum 39 eine Regelfeder 61 aufgenommen, die zwischen einer Schulter 59 des Regelkolbens 50 und dem Federteller 56 eingespannt ist und die dafür sorgt, daß in der Ruhelage des Stößels 14 der Kopf 54 des Regelkolbens 50 an der Scheibe 55 anliegt.The control piston 50 is a hollow piston with an axial blind bore 51 that leads to the bore section 37 of the control sleeve 20 open and with a plurality of radial bores 52 is connected to the outside of the control piston. The diameter of the radial bores 52 is slightly smaller than the axial distance between the two control edges 41 and 42 on the Control sleeve 20 so that the radial bores can be completely covered by the web 40. The control piston 50 extends with a neck 53 through the spring chamber 39 and projects with a head 54 into the blind bore 16 of the plunger 14. He reaches behind with the head 54 a disc 55 which between the collar 15 of the plunger 14 and a spring plate 56 is arranged and in the manner of a slotted locking ring Head 54 holds. A return spring 60 received by the spring chamber 39 is supported on the one hand on the control sleeve 20 and on the other hand via the spring plate 56 and the disk 55 on the plunger 14, which they in the rest position of the pressure reducing valve 9 against the guide bush 12 presses. Furthermore, a control spring 61 is received by the spring chamber 39, clamped between a shoulder 59 of the control piston 50 and the spring plate 56 is and which ensures that the head 54 of the control piston in the rest position of the plunger 14 50 abuts the disc 55.

Der freie Bereich des Bohrungsabschnitts 37 zwischen der Steuerhülse 20 und der Verstellschraube 45 nimmt als Federraum 67 eine Justierfeder 62 auf, die zwischen der Verstellschraube 45 und einem Federteller 63 eingespannt ist, der eine durchgehende Axialbohrung 64 aufweist, mit einem Bund 65 am Regelkolben 50 anliegt und einerseits im Regelkolben 50 geführt ist und selbst die Justierfeder 62 führtThe free area of the bore section 37 between the control sleeve 20 and the adjusting screw 45 accommodates an adjusting spring 62 as the spring chamber 67, which is located between the adjusting screw 45 and a spring plate 63 is clamped, which has a continuous axial bore 64, rests with a collar 65 on the control piston 50 and on the one hand in the control piston 50 is guided and even the adjusting spring 62 leads

Der Federraum 39 ist über einen Kanal 70 mit einen Tankausgang T, der Ringraum 27 über einen Kanal 71 mit einem Druckeingang P und der Ringraum 28 über einen Kanal 72 mit einem Regelausgang A des Druckreduzierventils 9 verbunden.The spring chamber 39 is via a channel 70 with a tank outlet T, the annular chamber 27 a channel 71 with a pressure input P and the annular space 28 via a channel 72 a control output A of the pressure reducing valve 9 connected.

Wie die Verstellschraube 45 durch Verdrehen relativ zur Steuerhülse 20 axial verschiebbar ist, so ist dies auch die Steuerhülse 20 relativ zum Gehäuse 10. In einer bestimmten Position wird die Steuerhülse durch eine in eine radiale Gewindebohrung 66 eingeschraubte, nicht näher dargestellte Sicherungsschraube gesichertHow the adjusting screw 45 is axially displaceable by turning relative to the control sleeve 20 is, this is also the control sleeve 20 relative to the housing 10. In a certain position the control sleeve is screwed into a radial threaded bore 66, Secured screw not shown secured

In der In Figur 1 gezeigten Position ist die Steuerhülse 20 bis zu einem Anschlag in das Gehäuse 10 eingeschraubt. In dieser Position der Steuerhülse 20 haben die Radialbohrungen 52 einen bestimmten lichten Abstand von der Steuerkante 42. Zwischen der Steuerkante 41 und den Radialbohrungen 52 besteht ein kleiner Durchflußquerschnitt. In den Abstand zwischen der Steuerkante 42 und den Radialbohrungen 52 gehen Toleranzen des Gehäuses 10, der Führungshülse 12 und des Stößels 14, der Steuerhülse 20 und des Regelkolbens 50 ein. Durch Zurückdrehen der Steuerhülse 20 kann nun unabhängig von den Toleranzen ein gewünschter Abstand zwischen der Steuerkante 42 und den Radialbohrungen 52 einjustiert werden. Es sei nun angenommen, daß ein bestimmter Abstand a eingestellt sei und der Stößel 14 niedergedrückt werde. Über den Stößel 14 wird der Federteller 56 und mit diesem das eine Ende der Regelfeder 61 mitgenommen. Diese schiebt über ihr anderes Ende auch den Regelkolben 50 mit Die Verbindung zwischen dem Druckeingang P und der Sackbohrung 51 des Regelkolbens 50 über die Radialbohrungen 52 und damit die Verbindung zum Regelausgang A bleibt solange geschlossen, bis der Stößel 14 eine Wegstrecke zurückgelegt hat, die gleich dem Abstand a zwischen der Steuerkante 42 und den Radialbohrungen 52 ist Der Druck im Regelausgang A verbleibt deshalb auf Tankdruckniveau. Schließlich wird ein Durchflußquerschnitt zwischen dem Druckeingang P und im Regelausgang A geöffnet, worauf der Druck am Regelausgang A auf einen durch die Vorspannkraft der Regelfeder 61 vorgegebenen Druck springt. Durch weiteres Niederdrükken des Stößels 14 wird die Regelfeder 61 bezüglich der Regelstellung des Regelkolbens 50 immer stärker vorgespannt und der Druck im Regelausgang A nimmt entsprechend der linearen Kennlinie der Regelfeder 61 linear mit dem Verschiebeweg des Stößels 14 zu. Die geschilderte Abhängigkeit des Regeldrucks vom Stößelhub geht aus Figur 2 deutlich hervor. Die Kurve für die Abhängigkeit des Regeldrucks vom Schwenkwinkel des Handhebels ist weitgehend gleich, sofern der Schwenkwinkel klein ist In Figur 2 ist durch die durchgehende Linie die gewünschte Regelkurve angedeutet Die beiden gestrichelten vertikalen Linien geben den Toleranzbereich an, innerhalb dessen durch Justieren der Steuerhülse 20 die gewünschte Regelkurve noch erreicht werden kann.In the position shown in Figure 1, the control sleeve 20 is up to a stop in the Screwed in housing 10. In this position, the control sleeve 20 has the radial bores 52 a certain clear distance from the control edge 42. Between the control edge 41 and the radial bores 52 there is a small flow cross section. In the distance tolerances of the housing go between the control edge 42 and the radial bores 52 10, the guide sleeve 12 and the plunger 14, the control sleeve 20 and the control piston 50 a. By turning back the control sleeve 20 can now regardless of the tolerances a desired distance between the control edge 42 and the radial bores 52 can be adjusted. It is now assumed that a certain distance a is set and the plunger 14 is depressed. The spring plate 56 becomes over the plunger 14 and took with it the one end of the control spring 61. This pushes over her other end also the control piston 50 with The connection between the pressure inlet P and the blind bore 51 of the control piston 50 via the radial bores 52 and thus the connection to control output A remains closed until the plunger 14 a Has traveled distance that is equal to the distance a between the control edge 42 and the radial bores 52 is therefore the pressure in the control outlet A remains at the tank pressure level. Finally, a flow cross section between the pressure inlet P and open in control output A, whereupon the pressure at control output A on one through the Biasing force of the control spring 61 jumps predetermined pressure. By further depressing of the plunger 14 becomes the control spring 61 with respect to the control position of the control piston 50 increasingly biased and the pressure in control outlet A increases accordingly linear characteristic of the control spring 61 linear with the displacement of the plunger 14. The The dependence of the control pressure on the tappet stroke as described above is clearly shown in FIG. 2. The curve for the dependency of the control pressure on the swivel angle of the hand lever is largely the same if the swivel angle is small In Figure 2 is by the continuous Line the desired control curve indicated The two dashed vertical Lines indicate the tolerance range within which the control sleeve 20 can be adjusted the desired control curve can still be achieved.

Nach Justage der Steuerhülse 20 ist ein Leerweg a bis zu dem deutlich aus Figur 2 hervorgehenden Drucksprung eingestellt. Die Höhe des Drucksprungs liegt zunächst irgendwo innerhalb eines Toleranzbandes. Wenn man nun die Verstellschraube 45 verdreht und dadurch axial verschiebt, ändert man die Vorspannung, die die Justierfeder 62 in der Regelstellung des Regelkolbens 50 hat. Da in der Regelstellung zwischen der Kraft der Regelfeder 61 und der entgegengerichteten Kraft der Justierfeder 62 und der ebenfalls entgegengerichteten durch den Regeldruck am Regelkolben erzeugten Kraft ein Gleichgewicht herrscht, ist der Regeldruck um so niedriger, je stärker die Justierfeder 62 vorgespannt ist Somit kann mit Hilfe der Verstellschraube 45 und der Justierfeder 62 innerhalb gewisser Grenzen die gewünschte Höhe des Drucksprungs nach dem Leerweg a eingestellt werden. Der Einstellbereich ist in Figur 2 durch den vertikalen Abstand der beiden schräg ansteigenden gestrichelten Linien gegeben.After adjustment of the control sleeve 20 there is an idle travel a up to that clearly shown in FIG Pressure jump set. The amount of the pressure jump is somewhere at first within a tolerance band. If you now turn the adjusting screw 45 and thereby axially shifts, you change the bias that the adjusting spring 62 in the control position of the control piston 50. Because in the control position between the force of the control spring 61 and the opposite force of the adjusting spring 62 and also the opposite direction force generated by the control pressure on the control piston there is, the control pressure is lower, the more the adjusting spring 62 is biased Thus, with the help of the adjusting screw 45 and the adjusting spring 62 within certain Limit the desired amount of pressure jump after the free travel a. The setting range is in Figure 2 by the vertical distance between the two obliquely increasing dashed lines.

Claims (15)

  1. A manually operable hydraulic pilot-control device having a continuously adjustable pressure-reducing valve (9), which has a housing (10) and, in a continuous housing bore (11), a control piston (50), which is actable upon by a control spring (61) in an opening direction of a connection between a pressure inlet (P) and a control outlet (A) and is actable upon in the opposite direction by pressure in the control outlet (A), and the control spring (61) of which is restrained between a first fixed stop (59) of the control piston (50) and a spring retainer (56), which is placeable against a second fixed stop (54) of the control piston (50) and is driveable along by an axially guided plunger (14) located at a first open end of the housing bore (11) and is supportable by said plunger (14) at a distance from the second stop (54) of the control piston (50), characterized in that the control piston (50) is displaceable in a control sleeve (20) put into the housing bore (11), and that an axial position of the control sleeve (20) is adjustable from outside, in particular from the second open end of the housing bore (11).
  2. A pilot-control device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control sleeve (20) is fittable into the housing bore (11) from the second open end of the latter.
  3. A pilot-control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control sleeve (20) is screwed into the housing (10).
  4. A pilot-control device according to claim 3, characterized in that the control sleeve (20) has an external polygonal profile (21) for applying a screwdriving tool.
  5. A pilot-control device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a restoring spring (60) acts upon the plunger (14) and is supported on the control sleeve (20).
  6. A pilot-control device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a shoulder is formed in the housing bore (11), and the control sleeve (20) is placeable against said shoulder when being fitted into the housing (10).
  7. A pilot-control device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the space (39) in front of the one end face of the control sleeve (20) in which the control spring (61) is located is connected to a tank outlet (T), and that two annular spaces (27, 28) are formed between the control sleeve (20) and the wall of the housing bore (11), which annular spaces (27, 28) are sealed off from one another at the bore wall and from the space (39) in front of the one end face of the control sleeve (20), and of which one annular space (27) is connected to the pressure inlet (P) and the other annular space (28) is connected to the control outlet (A), and from which in each case at least one radial bore (43, 44) leads through the control sleeve (20) into its interior.
  8. A manually operable hydraulic pilot-control device having a continuously adjustable pressure-reducing valve (9), which has a housing (10) and, in a continuous housing bore (11), a control piston (50), which is actable upon by a control spring (61) in an opening direction of a connection between a pressure inlet (P) and a control outlet (A) and is actable upon in the opposite direction by pressure in the control outlet (A), and the control spring (61) of which is restrained between a first fixed stop (59) of the control piston (50) and a spring retainer (56), which is placeable against a second fixed stop (54) of the control piston (50) and is driveable along by an axially guided plunger (14) located at a first open end of the housing bore (11) and is supportable by said plunger (14) at a distance from the second stop (54) of the control piston (50), characterized in that an adjusting spring (62) is arranged between the control piston (50) and an adjustable stop (45) fixed to the housing.
  9. A pilot-control device according to claim 8, characterized in that the adjustable stop fixed to the housing is formed by an adjusting screw (45).
  10. A pilot-control device according to claim 9, characterized in that the travel of the adjusting screw (45) to the outside is limited by a retaining stop (48).
  11. A pilot-control device according to claim 8, 9 or 10, characterized in that there is a spring space (39, 67) in each case on either side of a control bore (36) in which a control section of the control piston (50) is guided, and that the control spring (61) and/or a restoring spring (60) acting upon the plunger (14) is accommodated by the one, first spring space (39), and the adjusting spring (62) is accommodated by the other, second spring space (67).
  12. A pilot-control device according to claim 11, characterized in that the adjusting spring (62) acts upon the control piston (50) as a compression spring in the opposite direction to the control spring (61).
  13. A pilot-control device according to claim 12, characterized in that the control piston (50) is a hollow piston provided with an axial blind bore (51), that the blind bore (51) is connectable to the pressure inlet (P) via at least one radial bore (52) and opens towards the second spring space (67), and that the second spring space (67) is connected to the control outlet (A).
  14. A pilot-control device according to claim 13, characterized in that arranged between the control piston (50) and the adjusting spring (62) is a collar bush (63), which bears with one side of its collar (65) against the control piston (50) and supports the adjusting spring (62) with the other side of its collar (65) and which engages in the control piston (50) with a first centring peg and in the adjusting spring (62) with a second centring peg.
  15. A pilot-control device according to any of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that a control sleeve (20) is put into the housing bore (11) from the second open end, in which control sleeve (20) the control piston (50) is displaceable and its axial position is adjustable, and that the adjustable stop (45), fixed to the housing, for the adjusting spring (62) sits in the control sleeve (20) and is axially adjustable from outside relative to the control sleeve (20).
EP97927118A 1996-06-07 1997-06-03 Manually operable hydraulic pilot control Expired - Lifetime EP0901577B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19622948 1996-06-07
DE19622948A DE19622948C2 (en) 1996-06-07 1996-06-07 Manually operated hydraulic pilot control device
PCT/EP1997/002876 WO1997047890A1 (en) 1996-06-07 1997-06-03 Manually operable hydraulic pilot control

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0901577A1 EP0901577A1 (en) 1999-03-17
EP0901577B1 true EP0901577B1 (en) 2002-10-30

Family

ID=7796428

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97927118A Expired - Lifetime EP0901577B1 (en) 1996-06-07 1997-06-03 Manually operable hydraulic pilot control

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6152179A (en)
EP (1) EP0901577B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2000512366A (en)
DE (2) DE19622948C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1997047890A1 (en)

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FR2857706B1 (en) * 2003-07-17 2007-05-04 Bosch Rexroth Dsi Sas PRESSURIZED FLUID DISPENSER DEVICE WITH DOUBLE CONTROL SPRINGS
ITMO20040064A1 (en) * 2004-03-26 2004-06-26 Salami Spa FLUID HANDLING CONTROL DEVICE
ITMO20050247A1 (en) * 2005-09-29 2007-03-30 Studio Tecnico 6M Srl VALVE FOR HYDRAULIC BRAKING OF OPERATING OR SIMILAR MACHINES
DE102008037981B4 (en) * 2007-10-02 2023-01-26 Continental Automotive Technologies GmbH slide valve
CN101532527B (en) * 2009-04-22 2011-04-13 黄培华 Pressure-regulating control air valve
DE102010006196A1 (en) 2010-01-29 2011-08-04 Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 Hydraulic pilot control unit
CN102878133A (en) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-16 上海立新液压有限公司 Constant-pressure control valve
DE102019218402B4 (en) * 2019-11-27 2022-09-22 Hawe Hydraulik Se Spring dome for a hydraulic valve and hydraulic valve with such a spring dome

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US3599675A (en) * 1970-02-06 1971-08-17 Ato Inc Proportional valve
DE2152133B1 (en) * 1971-10-20 1973-02-22 Rexroth Gmbh G L HYDRAULICALLY ACTUATED CONTROL VALVE
NO143570C (en) * 1975-05-20 1981-03-11 Hydraulik Brattvaag As DEVICE FOR REMOTE MANUAL VALVE.
FR2376978A1 (en) * 1977-01-06 1978-08-04 Rexroth Sigma IMPROVEMENTS TO FLUID DISTRIBUTOR DEVICES, ESPECIALLY FOR HYDRAULIC REMOTE CONTROL
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US5482085A (en) * 1992-10-05 1996-01-09 Dana Corporation Pilot pressure sub-assembly for fluid control valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59708624D1 (en) 2002-12-05
DE19622948A1 (en) 1997-12-11
US6152179A (en) 2000-11-28
EP0901577A1 (en) 1999-03-17
JP2000512366A (en) 2000-09-19
WO1997047890A1 (en) 1997-12-18
DE19622948C2 (en) 2001-08-02

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