EP0897515B1 - Gastherme - Google Patents
Gastherme Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0897515B1 EP0897515B1 EP97951824A EP97951824A EP0897515B1 EP 0897515 B1 EP0897515 B1 EP 0897515B1 EP 97951824 A EP97951824 A EP 97951824A EP 97951824 A EP97951824 A EP 97951824A EP 0897515 B1 EP0897515 B1 EP 0897515B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- heat exchanger
- gas boiler
- boiler according
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
Definitions
- the invention relates to a gas boiler with the The preamble of claim 1 mentioned features.
- Gas heaters of the generic type are known. These have one of a gaseous energy source fed thermal source. As a gaseous energy source for example natural gas or LPG used. The thermal source has one Burner on which the gas is burned. The resulting thermal energy is one Heat exchanger supplied by means of which a medium, for example Water or air, is heated.
- the gas heaters which are usually used as hot water heaters Generating domestic hot water or as a combination heater to generate the heat demand (hot water, heating) of a house are used electrically operated auxiliary facilities. These auxiliary facilities, such as burner igniters, solenoid valves, Control electronics, circulation pump, etc., serve the Operate, monitor and control or regulate of the gas boiler and are subsequently total named as auxiliary facilities.
- thermoelectric generator thermal-electrical converters, hereinafter referred to as the thermoelectric generator, known within the gas heaters with a heat source and a heat sink are connected. Because of which is the thermo-electric generator setting temperature gradient becomes an electrical Voltage generated to operate the auxiliary equipment can be used.
- thermo-electric generators When using the thermo-electric generators is too their effective use a large temperature difference between the heat source and the heat sink desirable as this affects deployment the required electrical power owns the thermo-electric generator.
- the gas heater As a heat source for the thermo-electric generator the gas heater the exhaust gas heat flow the thermal Source.
- temperatures are reached in the exhaust gas which are above the maximum permissible temperatures for the heat source of the thermoelectric generator.
- the heat source after starting the gas heater of the thermoelectric generator if possible quickly brought to a necessary operating temperature be the thermal inertia, the influence on the period between the start of the gas boiler and providing the necessary electrical power through the thermo-electric generator has to reduce to a minimum.
- thermo-electric generator From Machine Design, Volume 65, No. 9, May 19, 1993, page 38, a gas boiler is known, with one powered by gas thermal source, with means for converting the from the thermal energy supplied to the thermal source Heating a medium with electrically operated auxiliary devices to operate the gas boiler and with a thermo-electric generator to provide the electrical energy for the auxiliary facilities.
- the heat source of the thermo-electric generator is from the thermal source educated.
- the thermo-electric generator is also available with a Heat sink of the gas boiler in active connection.
- thermo-electric generator with the thermal source via a controllable heat exchanger connected to the thermo-electric generator provided amount of heat the operating conditions be adapted to the gas boiler.
- controllable heat exchanger Fluctuations in the output of the gas boiler are compensated, without this having a significant influence on the provision of the necessary electrical Has power through the thermo-electric generator.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic side view a gas heater 10 shown. It's just for them Explanation of the invention essential components shown because the structure and function of a Gas boiler is generally known.
- the gas boiler 10 has one arranged within a combustion chamber 12 Burner 14 on with a gas supply line connected is.
- the burner 14 is on a lower one End of the combustion chamber 12 arranged so that when ignited Burner 14 from the flame indicated here 16 outgoing hot exhaust gases due to their Thermal rise to the top.
- An exhaust gas heat flow from the hot exhaust is caused by a not shown Out heat exchanger, through which through a line 18th running water is heated.
- Line 18 is Here, for example, starting from a cold water inlet 20 spirally around the heat exchanger arranged and ends in a not shown in Figure 1 Hot water spout.
- the gas heater 10 has a thermo-electric generator 22, the thermal connection contacts 24 and 26 as well as electrical connection contacts, not shown having.
- the thermal connection contact 26 is with a heat sink of the gas heater 10 connected.
- the thermal connection contact 26 for example thermally conductive with the line 18 in the vicinity of the cold water inlet 20 in contact. Line 18 thus forms the heat sink of the thermo-electric generator 22.
- the thermal connection contact 24 of the thermoelectric generator 22 is via a heat exchanger 28, which consists of a thermally highly conductive material, connected to a heat source of the gas boiler 10.
- the burner 14 serves as the heat source outgoing hot exhaust gas, that is, the thermal Source of the gas heater 10.
- the heat exchanger 28 is for this purpose, for example, is rod-shaped and projects into the combustion chamber 12, so that the combustion flames 16 generated hot exhaust gas the heat exchanger 28 happens.
- the heat exchanger 28 is a heat conduction device 30 assigned to a fixed point 32 is arranged horizontally pivotable.
- the heat conduction device 30 can, for example, from a Sheet exist, which has a bimetal 34 with the thermal connection contact 24 of the thermoelectric generator 22 is connected.
- FIG. 1 exercises the following with reference to function illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 are a schematic top view each the thermal connection contact 24, the Heat exchanger 28, the heat conduction device 30 and the bimetal 34 is shown.
- On the representation of the remaining parts shown in Figure 1 was for reasons the clarity waived.
- the starting position of the heat-conducting device 30 is shown in FIG. This starting position is given, for example, when the gas boiler 10 is switched off.
- the hot exhaust gas from the combustion flames 16 rises and thereby heats the heat exchanger 28.
- the thermal connection contact 24 Due to relatively high temperatures of the exhaust gas, which can be up to 1000 ° C., the thermal connection contact 24 is connected to it via heat conduction of the heat exchanger 28 Operating temperature T x brought. Due to the direct heat transfer from the hot exhaust gases to the thermal connection contact 24 via the heat exchanger 28, this operating temperature T x is reached very quickly, so that the thermal inertia of the thermoelectric generator 22 is low.
- thermoelectric generator 22 Since the thermal connection contact 26 of the thermoelectric generator 22 simultaneously with line 18 is thermally connected, which is switched on Condition of the gas heater 10 flowed through by cold water is placed between the thermal Contacts 24 and 26 in a relatively short time a large enough temperature difference for an availability of a required electrical Power through the thermo-electric generator 22 is sufficient in this short period of time.
- the electrical connection contact 24 would be heated above its maximum permissible operating temperature T max by heat conduction via the heat exchanger 28.
- the current operating temperature T x of the thermal connection contact 24 is tapped via the bimetal 34 and converted into a pivoting movement of the heat-conducting device 30 connected to the bimetal 34 around the fixed point 32.
- the heat-conducting device 30 pivots horizontally below the heat exchanger 28 about the fixed point 32, so that direct contact of the combustion flames 16 or the hot exhaust gases emanating from them with the heat exchanger 28 is minimized.
- the degree of coverage of the heat exchanger 28 with the burner 14 or its combustion flames 16 seen in plan view is thus reduced with increasing operating temperature T x .
- the pivotable heat-conducting device 30 thus controls the heat exchanger 28 as a function of the operating temperature T x of the thermal connection contact 24 of the thermo-electric generator 22 by allowing a more or less large exhaust gas heat flow to reach the heat exchanger 28.
- the thermal output of the burner 14 and thus the exhaust gas heat flow emanating from it can change, in particular in the case of thermal regulators. If the thermal output of the burner 14 decreases, there is a reduction in the exhaust gas heat flow and thus a lower heat emission to the heat exchanger 28, so that the operating temperature T x of the thermal connection contact 24 drops. As a result, the bimetal 34 coupled to the connection contact 24 cools and the heat-conducting device 30 is pivoted in the direction of its starting position, so that the degree of coverage of the heat exchanger 28 with the burner 14, as seen in plan view, increases again and is exposed to the exhaust gas heat flow with a correspondingly larger area.
- the heat conduction via the heat exchanger 28 can be maintained, which is necessary in order to maintain the optimal operating temperature T x of the contact 24.
- the heat exchanger 28 is controlled as a function of the thermal output of the burner 14 via the operating temperature T x of the thermal connection contact 24.
- FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment variant of the Arrangement of a controllable heat exchanger 28 shown. Same parts as in the previous figures are, despite a partially different structure, With the same reference numerals for better understanding provided and not explained again.
- the heat exchanger 28 itself is designed as a bimetal 36 and is pivotably mounted in the vertical direction about the fixed point 32.
- the heat exchanger 28 In the initial state, that is to say when the gas heater 10 is switched off, the heat exchanger 28 assumes its initial position shown in FIG. 4 in a horizontal position. As a result, the heat exchanger 28 is in relative proximity to the burner 14.
- the heat exchanger 28 When the gas heater 10 is switched on, the heat exchanger 28 is directly exposed to the exhaust gas heat flow, so that the heat exchanger 28 heats up relatively quickly, and this due to the large thermal gradient between the heat exchanger 28 and the thermal connector 24 brings the connector 24 to its operating temperature T x in a relatively short time.
- the heat exchanger 28 designed as a bimetal 36 is pivoted upward around the fixed point 32, so that the distance to the burner 14 increases.
- the heat exchanger 28 is arranged in an area within the combustion chamber 12 in which the temperature of the exhaust gas heat flow is reduced, so that the heat gradient between the heat exchanger 28 and the thermal connection contact 24 is reduced and the heat supply to the connection contact 24 is reduced. This also ensures here that the thermal connection contact 24 is not heated above a maximum operating temperature T max of the thermoelectric generator 22.
- the thermal connection contact 26 is in turn thermal conductive with the line 18 near the cold water inlet 20 connected.
- One through the line 18 flowing medium, especially water, is over a heat exchanger 38 warms and occurs at one Hot water spout 40 as domestic hot water.
- thermoelectric generator 22 can be the one shown in FIG. 4 as a bimetal 36 trained heat exchangers 28 instead of one vertical swivel movement also a horizontal one Experience pivoting movement around the fixed point 32, so that this moves out of the exhaust gas heat flow of the burner 14 and thus an inadmissible warming of the thermoelectric generator 22 counteracted becomes.
- the heat exchanger 28 is controlled as a function of the operating temperature T x or the thermal output of the burner 14.
- the thermal inertia of such an arrangement is low since the mass of the heat exchanger 28 is very small and this can be exposed to a temperature adapted to the operating state of the gas heater 10 or the thermoelectric generator 22 due to its controllability.
- the heat gradient between the heat source for the thermo-electric generator and the thermal connection contact 24 can thus be optimally adjusted so that there is rapid heating to the operating temperature T x .
- FIG. 5 A further embodiment variant is shown in FIG. 5, in which the same parts are again provided with the same reference numerals.
- the thermal connection contact 24 is coupled here via a heat exchanger 42, which forms a heat exchanger 44, to the line 18 in the vicinity of the hot water outlet 40.
- the heat exchanger 42 is exposed to the exhaust gas heat flow from the burner 14 within the combustion chamber 12.
- the amount of heat absorbed via the exhaust gas heat flow is released both to the thermal connection contact 24 and to the line 18.
- the amount of heat given off by the exhaust gas heat flow is dependent from the operating state of the burner 14. This in turn is determined by a flow rate through the line 18, that is, the greater the flow rate, the higher the thermal output of the burner 14.
- the Temperature of the exhaust gas heat flow and thus the amount of heat given off to the heat exchanger With a change in the thermal output of the burner 14, the Temperature of the exhaust gas heat flow and thus the amount of heat given off to the heat exchanger.
- the coupling of the heat exchanger 42 to the line 18 through the heat exchanger 44 ensures that the maximum operating temperature T max of the thermoelectric generator 22 cannot be exceeded. If the amount of heat given off by the exhaust gas heat flow to the heat exchanger 42 exceeds the maximum allowable for the connection contact 24, the excess amount of heat is automatically given off via the heat exchanger 44 to the line 18.
- the heat exchanger 42 is arranged depending on the design of the gas heater 10 so that an exceeding of the maximum operating temperature T max of the thermoelectric generator 22 is not possible at maximum output of the gas heater 10 and the necessary at minimum thermal output of the gas heater 10 Operating temperature T x of the thermoelectric generator 22 is reached.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 show further design variants von Gasthermen 10 with a controlled heat exchanger 28 shown.
- the structure and the mode of operation are with the already explained to Figure 1 Gastherme 10 comparable, so that in this respect on the reference is made there.
- the heat exchanger 28 with a heat dissipation device 46 is formed by a heat conducting plate 48, the one hand in contact with the heat exchanger 28 and on the other hand stands with a heat sink.
- the heat conducting plate 48 can, for example, in one piece with the Heat exchanger 28 may be formed or on this attached thermally conductive using suitable measures his.
- the heat conducting plate 48 engages one Instead of on the heat exchanger 28, the direction of heat flow viewed - by the burner 14 after thermal connection contact 24 is.
- the heat sink is according to the embodiment shown in Figure 6 formed by a jacket 50 of the combustion chamber 12, with which the heat conducting plate 48 is thermally conductive connected is. According to the variant shown in Figure 7 the heat sink from line 18 formed by a medium to be heated or flowing through a medium cooling the combustion chamber 12 becomes.
- the heat exchanger 28 is heated very quickly via the combustion flames 16 or the hot exhaust gases emanating from them. Since the heat exchanger 28 consists of a thermally highly conductive material of low mass, the thermal connection contact 24 of the thermoelectric generator 22 is brought to its operating temperature T x in a relatively short time. If the operating temperature T x reaches the maximum operating temperature T max of the thermoelectric generator 22, excess heat is dissipated via the heat dissipation device 46. Since the jacket 50 between the heat exchanger 28 in the region of the thermal connection contact 24 and the heat sink, in FIG. 1 and in FIG. 2 of the line 18, there is a temperature difference, heat is dissipated away from the heat exchanger 28 via the heat conducting plate 48.
- the heat exchanger 28 experiences, via the burner 14, a heat absorption through the temperature difference between the thermal connection contact 24 and the burner flames 16 or the hot exhaust gases, and a heat withdrawal in the form of a heat emission to the thermo-electric generator 22 and a heat dissipation via the heat conducting plate 48.
- the temperature regime at the thermal connection contact 24 can be designed such that the thermal connection contact 24 opens very quickly when the gas heater 10 starts its operating temperature T x comes and the maximum operating temperature T max of the thermoelectric generator 22 is not exceeded during continuous operation of the gas boiler.
- the heat conduction paths and the heat conduction cross sections it can be achieved that at the thermal connection contact 24 the amount of heat introduced via the heat exchanger 28 is equal to the amount of heat dissipated via the thermoelectric generator 22 and the heat conducting plate 48, the heat dissipation via the heat conducting plate 48 does not start until the thermoelectric generator 22 has reached its operating temperature T x or the operating temperature T x approaches the maximum operating temperature T max . As with the other design variants, this ensures that the operating temperature T x is reached quickly and prevents the maximum operating temperature T max from being exceeded.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Control For Baths (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- eine schematische Ansicht der Anordnung eines Thermo-Elektrik-Generators nach einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel;
- Figur 2 und 3
- schematische Draufsichten auf die Anordnung gemäß Figur 1;
- Figur 4
- eine schematische Ansicht der Anordnung eines Thermo-Elektrik-Generators nach einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel und
- Figuren 5 bis 7
- schematische Anordnungen eines Thermo-Elektrik-Generators nach weiteren Ausführungsbeispielen.
Claims (17)
- Gastherme mit einer innerhalb eines Brennraums (12) angeordneten, von Gas gespeisten thermischen Quelle (14), mit Einrichtungen zum Umwandeln der von der thermischen Quelle (14) gelieferten thermischen Energie zum Erwärmen eines Mediums, insbesondere Wasser, mit elektrisch betriebenen Hilfseinrichtungen zum Betreiben der Gastherme und einem Thermo-Elektrik-Generator (22) zum Bereitstellen der elektrischen Energie für die Hilfseinrichtungen, dessen Wärmequelle von der thermischen Quelle (14) gebildet wird und der mit einer Wärmesenke (18) der Gastherme in Wirkverbindung steht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmequelle des Thermo-Elektrik-Generators (22) mit der thermischen Quelle (14) über einen steuerbaren Wärmeübertrager (28, 42) zur Temperaturbegrenzung in Verbindung steht.
- Gastherme nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wärmeübertrager (28, 42) einerseits mit einem thermischen Anschlußkontakt (24) des Thermo-Elektrik-Generators (22) verbunden ist und andererseits einem von der Quelle (14) ausgehenden Abgaswärmestrom ausgesetzt ist.
- Gastherme nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wärmeübertrager (28) aus einem thermisch gut leitfähigen Material geringer Masse besteht.
- Gastherme nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Wärmeübertrager (28) eine Wärmeleiteinrichtung (30) zugeordnet ist, über die ein Überdeckungsgrad des dem Abgaswärmestrom ausgesetzten Ende des Wärmeübertragers (28) mit der Quelle (14) veränderbar ist.
- Gastherme nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wärmeleiteinrichtung (30) horizontal zwischen dem Wärmeübertrager (28) und der Quelle (14) verschwenkbar ist.
- Gastherme nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wärmeleiteinrichtung (30) mit einem Bimetall (34) gekoppelt ist, dessen Temperaturbasis der Anschlußkontakt (24) ist.
- Gastherme nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wärmeübertrager (28, 42) selber eine Temperaturbegrenzungseinrichtung bildet.
- Gastherme nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 und 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wärmeübertrager (28) aus dem Abgaswärmestrom verschwenkbar ist.
- Gastherme nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wärmeübertrager (28) vertikal verschwenkbar ist, so daß sich sein Abstand zur Quelle (14) vergrößert.
- Gastherme nach einem der Ansprüche 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wärmeübertrager (28) als Bimetall (36) ausgebildet ist.
- Gastherme nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Temperaturbasis des Bimetalls (36) von dem Anschlußkontakt (24) gebildet ist.
- Gastherme nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wärmeübertrager (42) ein Wärmetauscher (44) ist, der einerseits mit dem Anschlußkontakt (24) und andererseits mit einer vom zu erwärmenden Medium duchflossenen Leitung (18) gekoppelt ist und der vom Abgaswärmestrom beaufschlagt wird.
- Gastherme nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Wärmeübertrager (28) eine Wärmeableiteinrichtung (46) zugeordnet ist, mittels der eine vom Thermo-Elektrik-Generator (22) nicht benötigte Wärmemenge von dem Wärmeübertrager (28) einer Wärmesenke zugeführt wird.
- Gastherme nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wärmesenke ein Mantel (50) der Quellekammer (12) ist.
- Gastherme nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wärmesenke die Leitung (18) ist.
- Gastherme nach Anspruch 13 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wärmeableiteinrichtung (46) ein Wärmeleitblech (48) ist, das einerseits thermisch leitend mit dem Wärmeübertrager (28) und andererseits thermisch leitend mit der Wärmesenke verbunden ist.
- Gastherme nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsstelle zwischen dem Wärmeleitblech (48) und dem Wärmeübertrager (28) -in Wärmeleitrichtung gesehen- nach dem thermischen Anschlußkontakt (24) des Thermo-Elektrik-Generators (22) liegt.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19704928 | 1997-02-10 | ||
DE19704928 | 1997-02-10 | ||
DE19719766 | 1997-05-10 | ||
DE19719766A DE19719766A1 (de) | 1997-02-10 | 1997-05-10 | Gastherme |
PCT/DE1997/002813 WO1998035190A1 (de) | 1997-02-10 | 1997-12-03 | Gastherme |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0897515A1 EP0897515A1 (de) | 1999-02-24 |
EP0897515B1 true EP0897515B1 (de) | 2001-09-26 |
Family
ID=26033796
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97951824A Expired - Lifetime EP0897515B1 (de) | 1997-02-10 | 1997-12-03 | Gastherme |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0897515B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2000508760A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1216097A (de) |
BR (1) | BR9709119A (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998035190A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101650068B (zh) * | 2008-08-12 | 2012-05-02 | 广东万和新电气股份有限公司 | 带有热电转换装置自供电的强排燃气热水器 |
CN102444986B (zh) * | 2010-09-30 | 2014-04-16 | 艾欧史密斯(中国)热水器有限公司 | 一种实现经济运行的双能源热水供应系统及其运行方法 |
CN107448928A (zh) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-08 | 广东海翔教育科技有限公司 | 一种节能环保燃气炉 |
KR102080899B1 (ko) * | 2019-01-10 | 2020-02-24 | 김진동 | 수소산소 혼합가스를 이용한 가열 장치 |
-
1997
- 1997-12-03 BR BR9709119A patent/BR9709119A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-12-03 CN CN 97193756 patent/CN1216097A/zh active Pending
- 1997-12-03 WO PCT/DE1997/002813 patent/WO1998035190A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-12-03 EP EP97951824A patent/EP0897515B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-03 JP JP10533495A patent/JP2000508760A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0897515A1 (de) | 1999-02-24 |
BR9709119A (pt) | 1999-08-03 |
CN1216097A (zh) | 1999-05-05 |
JP2000508760A (ja) | 2000-07-11 |
WO1998035190A1 (de) | 1998-08-13 |
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