EP0896146B1 - Cylinderhead for a crankcase with various cylinder bores - Google Patents
Cylinderhead for a crankcase with various cylinder bores Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0896146B1 EP0896146B1 EP98110043A EP98110043A EP0896146B1 EP 0896146 B1 EP0896146 B1 EP 0896146B1 EP 98110043 A EP98110043 A EP 98110043A EP 98110043 A EP98110043 A EP 98110043A EP 0896146 B1 EP0896146 B1 EP 0896146B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- gas exchange
- cylinder head
- valve
- internal combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
- F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
- F02F1/38—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling the cylinder heads being of overhead valve type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/22—Valve-seats not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group; Fixing of valve-seats
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B69/00—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
- F02F2001/247—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated in parallel with the cylinder axis
Definitions
- the invention relates to an internal combustion engine with a cylinder head, wherein the internal combustion engine has a crankcase, in which a crankshaft is rotatably mounted on the at least one
- the connecting rod is articulated, which is a piston movable in a cylinder carries, the cylinder forming a combustion chamber of the Cylinder head is covered in the as at least one intake valve and an outlet valve designed gas exchange valves are embedded, when they are actuated with their valve disks in the combustion chamber protrude and, the crankcase optionally with different large cylinder bores can be formed and where for all crankcase versions a cylinder head is provided, the Cylinder head fastenings and gas exchange valves are arranged identically are.
- Such a cylinder head or such an internal combustion engine is known from DE-PS 38 41 355.
- DE-PS 38 41 355. At one in this document proposed solution to increase the displacement Cylinder distances and the cylinder diameter increased. This requires the redesign of all essential internal combustion engine parts and also makes the adjustment of the existing production facilities necessary. In addition, the internal combustion engine all must be built with the previous displacement (previous) internal combustion engine parts continue to be built, so that in addition, a large variety of parts and corresponding Stockpiling is necessary.
- a second in this document proposed solution to increase the displacement remains the Cylinder head unchanged in terms of the distances between the Gas exchange units. As a result, the charge exchange units come in an asymmetrical with respect to the longitudinal central axis of their cylinders Location. This means that valve seat diameters are not possible, which has an optimum with respect to the valve opening area.
- the invention has for its object in an internal combustion engine to realize an increase in displacement in which the variety of parts is small and the valve opening area is optimized.
- the cylinder head for internal combustion engines with different sized cylinder bores in the Form is usable that the cylinder head for the internal combustion engine with the largest cylinder bore in relation to the arrangement of the Cylinder head fastenings and the gas exchange valves as well as the Diameter of the valve disc and the surrounding valve seat rings is designed and the valve disc up to the cylinder edge area of the part of the Cylinder head range and that the cylinder head with valve seat rings Can be equipped, the one to a smaller cylinder bore another Internal combustion engine adapted reduction of the valve plate diameter cause. It is then the case that the edge areas this valve seat rings from the cylinders or the cylinder tubes are covered in the areas facing each other, but the gas exchange valves themselves are freely movable.
- valve seat rings In a most general Optionally, it is possible to use the valve seat rings To be designed so that the central axis of the valve seat inner diameter eccentric to the central axis of the valve seat ring outer diameter is shifted towards the center of the cylinder head.
- valve stem guides are around in this embodiment the same measure of eccentricity to the center of the cylinder head shifted there. This can be especially true when using of valve stem guide bushes with correspondingly eccentric Bores for the valve stems in relation to the outside diameter can be achieved.
- valve seat rings As part of the preferred embodiment of the invention have the valve seat rings but without eccentric Relocation of the different central axes different seat widths on. This means there is no need for the valve stem guides Change or adjustment to be made and there will be only gas exchange valves matched to the valve seat rings used with reduced valve plate diameters.
- valve seat rings on the gas exchange channel side one adapted to the gas exchange channels Have a contour. This contour is particularly designed that there are no sharp transitions that affect the gas exchange flow could adversely affect.
- At least one and the same Cylinder head blank for internal combustion engines with different Hole dimensions used. So here are the Clearances between the cylinder head fastenings and the valve stem guide center axes in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head and in the transverse direction of the cylinder head the same for all hole variants. Details on this have no influence, can of course be changed. So the cylinder head can - regardless of which crankcase it is used - without changes or with the same Tools are processed, but only accordingly the respective bore diameter different valve seat rings and suitable valves are used. All other attachments of the Cylinder head including the intake pipes and exhaust pipes can be the same. As a result, the manufacturing effort and especially the variety of parts is reduced.
- crankcase with a smaller Cylinder bore the gas exchange channel cores at least in the area of Valve seat rings have a smaller diameter. So need no valve seat rings with a corresponding transition contour are used but it can be on standard valve seat blanks be used.
- valve actuation means in the crankcase and / or the cylinder head also the same for the different hole variants. This means that the same parts including the camshaft can also be used here be used.
- the use or configuration according to the invention of the cylinder head achieved that this for different Bore diameter of the cylinder can be used.
- there can the use according to the invention in particular in a Further development of an existing engine series may be advantageous, by first the cylinder head for the internal combustion engine with the increased displacement is developed. This cylinder head can then used on the existing crankcase without changes become.
- the cylinder 1 shown in FIG. 1, in particular a multi-cylinder Internal combustion engine in series or V design is of one schematically shown cylinder head 2 covered, of which Cylinder head 2, a gas exchange duct 3, a valve seat ring 7 and one partially shown gas exchange valve 4 are shown.
- the valve stem 5 of the gas exchange valve 4 is in a not shown Valve stem guide guided in the cylinder head 2 while the valve plate 6 with the valve seat ring 7, which is inserted into the cylinder head 2 is cooperating.
- Location and size of the valve plate 6 and Valve seat rings 7 are dimensioned so that the gas exchange valve 4th the largest possible flow cross-section to the gas exchange channel 3 releases. Accordingly, the gas exchange valve 4 is sufficient up to close to the cylinder surface 8. If a cylinder 1 with a slightly smaller hole size (dashed), the gas exchange valve would no longer be opened and closed can be.
- a valve seat ring is used 7a with a larger seat ring width in the cylinder head 2 used, at the same time a gas exchange valve 4a with one opposite the gas exchange valve 4 smaller diameter of the valve plate 6a is used.
- a streamlined transition has the valve seat ring 7a a transition contour 9, the one streamlined transition to the gas exchange duct inner wall guaranteed.
- this valve seat ring 7a with a transition contour 9 can also be adapted when casting the cylinder head 2
- Gas exchange valve core with smaller ones at least in this area Diameter can be used.
- FIG. 3 and 4 each show a view of the cylinder head 1 on the Combustion chamber side interacting with different bore diameters the cylinder 1, wherein in Fig. 3 an embodiment of the Cylinder head 2 with valve seat rings 7 with a small valve seat ring width and large bore diameter of the cylinder 1 is while Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the cylinder head 2 with valve seat rings 7a with a large ring width and a smaller bore diameter of cylinder 1 shows.
- the central bore 10 is an opening in particular for an injection valve, but here also, if necessary Spark plug can be used as the invention for both auto-ignition Internal combustion engines as well as spark-ignited or Otto Gas internal combustion engines can be used.
- the distances 11a, 11b the central axes of the gas exchange valves 4, 4a and the distances 12a, 12b of the central axes of the cylinder head attachments (Cylinder head screw whistles) are always the same.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Zylinderkopf, wobei die Brennkraftmaschine ein Kurbelgehäuse aufweist, in dem eine Kurbelwelle drehbar gelagert ist, an der zumindest ein Pleuel angelenkt ist, das einen in einem Zylinder bewegbaren Kolben trägt, wobei der Zylinder unter Bildung eines Brennraums von dem Zylinderkopf abgedeckt ist, in den als zumindest ein Einlassventil und ein Auslassventil ausgebildete Gaswechselventile eingelassen sind, die bei ihrer Betätigung mit jeweils ihren Ventiltellern in den Brennraum hineinragen und , wobei das Kurbelgehäuse wahlweise mit unterschiedlich großen Zylinderbohrungen ausbildbar ist und wobei für alle Kurbelgehäuseversionen ein Zylinderkopf vorgesehen ist, dessen Zylinderkopf-Befestigungen und Gaswechselventile identisch angeordnet sind.The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with a cylinder head, wherein the internal combustion engine has a crankcase, in which a crankshaft is rotatably mounted on the at least one The connecting rod is articulated, which is a piston movable in a cylinder carries, the cylinder forming a combustion chamber of the Cylinder head is covered in the as at least one intake valve and an outlet valve designed gas exchange valves are embedded, when they are actuated with their valve disks in the combustion chamber protrude and, the crankcase optionally with different large cylinder bores can be formed and where for all crankcase versions a cylinder head is provided, the Cylinder head fastenings and gas exchange valves are arranged identically are.
Ein derartiger Zylinderkopf bzw. eine derartige Brennkraftmaschine ist aus der DE-PS 38 41 355 bekannt. Bei einer in diesem Dokument vorgeschlagenen Lösung zur Hubraumvergrößerung werden die Zylinderabstände und die Zylinderdurchmesser vergrößert. Dies erfordert die Neukonstruktion aller wesentlichen Brennkraftmaschinenteile und macht darüber hinaus die Anpassung der vorhandenen Produktionsanlagen notwendig. Soll darüber hinaus die Brennkraftmaschine auch mit dem bisherigen Hubraum gebaut werden, müssen hierzu alle (bisherigen) Brennkraftmaschinenteile weitergebaut werden, so dass darüber hinaus eine große Teilevielfalt und entsprechende Bevorratung notwendig ist. Bei einer zweiten in diesem Dokument vorgeschlagenen Lösung zur Hubraumvergrößerung bleibt der Zylinderkopf unverändert bezüglich der Abstände zwischen den Ladungswechseleinheiten. Dadurch kommen die Ladungswechseleinheiten in eine in Bezug auf die Längsmittelachse ihrer Zylinder unsymmetrische Lage. Dadurch sind keine Ventilsitzdurchmesser möglich, die ein Optimum bezüglich der Ventilöffnungsfläche aufweist.Such a cylinder head or such an internal combustion engine is known from DE-PS 38 41 355. At one in this document proposed solution to increase the displacement Cylinder distances and the cylinder diameter increased. This requires the redesign of all essential internal combustion engine parts and also makes the adjustment of the existing production facilities necessary. In addition, the internal combustion engine all must be built with the previous displacement (previous) internal combustion engine parts continue to be built, so that in addition, a large variety of parts and corresponding Stockpiling is necessary. A second in this document proposed solution to increase the displacement remains the Cylinder head unchanged in terms of the distances between the Gas exchange units. As a result, the charge exchange units come in an asymmetrical with respect to the longitudinal central axis of their cylinders Location. This means that valve seat diameters are not possible, which has an optimum with respect to the valve opening area.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einer Brennkraftmaschine eine Hubraumvergrößerung zu realisieren, bei der die Teilevielfalt gering ist und bei der die Ventilöffnungsfläche optimiert ist.The invention has for its object in an internal combustion engine to realize an increase in displacement in which the variety of parts is small and the valve opening area is optimized.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass der Zylinderkopf für Brennkraftmaschinen mit unterschiedlich großen Zylinderbohrungen in der Form verwendbar ist, dass der Zylinderkopf für die Brennkraftmaschine mit der größten Zylinderbohrung bezüglich der Anordnung der Zylinderkopf-Befestigungen und der Gaswechselventile sowie der Durchmesser der Ventilteller und der diese umgebenden Ventilsitzringe ausgelegt ist und dabei die Ventilteller bis in den Zylinderrandbereich des mit dem Brennraum zusammenwirkenden Teils des Zylinderkopfs reichen, und dass der Zylinderkopf mit Ventilsitzringen bestückbar ist, die eine an eine geringere Zylinderbohrung einer weiteren Brennkraftmaschine angepasste Reduzierung des Ventiltellerdurchmessers bewirken. Dabei ist es dann so, dass die Randbereiche dieser Ventilsitzringe von den Zylindern oder den Zylinderrohren in den einander zugewandten Bereichen überdeckt sind, wobei aber die Gaswechselventile selbst frei bewegbar sind. In einer allgemeinsten Variante ist es gegebenenfalls möglich, die Ventilsitzringe so auszugestalten, dass die Mittelachse des Ventilsitzringinnendurchmessers exzentrisch zu der Mittelachse des Ventilsitzringaußendurchmessers in Richtung Zylinderkopfmitte verschoben ist. Zudem sind bei dieser Ausgestaltung die Ventilschaftführungen um das gleiche Exzentrizitätsmaß zur Zylinderkopfmitte hin verlagert. Dies kann insbesondere bei Verwendung von Ventilschaftführungsbuchsen mit entsprechend exzentrischen Bohrungen für die Ventilschäfte im Bezug zu dem Außendurchmesser erreicht werden. Im Rahmen der bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung weisen die Ventilsitzringe aber ohne exzentrische Verlagerung der verschiedenen Mittelachsen unterschiedliche Sitzbreiten auf. Dadurch braucht an den Ventilschaftführungen keine Änderung oder Anpassung vorgenommen zu werden und es werden nur entsprechend an die Ventilsitzringe angepaßte Gaswechselventile mit verringerten Ventiltellerdurchmessern eingesetzt.This object is achieved in that the cylinder head for internal combustion engines with different sized cylinder bores in the Form is usable that the cylinder head for the internal combustion engine with the largest cylinder bore in relation to the arrangement of the Cylinder head fastenings and the gas exchange valves as well as the Diameter of the valve disc and the surrounding valve seat rings is designed and the valve disc up to the cylinder edge area of the part of the Cylinder head range and that the cylinder head with valve seat rings Can be equipped, the one to a smaller cylinder bore another Internal combustion engine adapted reduction of the valve plate diameter cause. It is then the case that the edge areas this valve seat rings from the cylinders or the cylinder tubes are covered in the areas facing each other, but the gas exchange valves themselves are freely movable. In a most general Optionally, it is possible to use the valve seat rings To be designed so that the central axis of the valve seat inner diameter eccentric to the central axis of the valve seat ring outer diameter is shifted towards the center of the cylinder head. In addition, the valve stem guides are around in this embodiment the same measure of eccentricity to the center of the cylinder head shifted there. This can be especially true when using of valve stem guide bushes with correspondingly eccentric Bores for the valve stems in relation to the outside diameter can be achieved. As part of the preferred embodiment of the invention have the valve seat rings but without eccentric Relocation of the different central axes different seat widths on. This means there is no need for the valve stem guides Change or adjustment to be made and there will be only gas exchange valves matched to the valve seat rings used with reduced valve plate diameters.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Ventilsitzringe auf der Gaswechselkanalseite eine an die Gaswechselkanäle angepaßte Kontur aufweisen. Diese Kontur ist insbesondere so ausgelegt, daß keine scharfen Übergange vorhanden sind, die die Gaswechselströmung nachteilig beeinflussen könnten.In a further development of the invention it is provided that the valve seat rings on the gas exchange channel side one adapted to the gas exchange channels Have a contour. This contour is particularly designed that there are no sharp transitions that affect the gas exchange flow could adversely affect.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird zumindest ein und derselbe Zylinderkopfrohling für Brennkraftmaschinen mit unterschiedlichen Bohrungsmaßen verwendet. Hierbei sind also insbesondere die Abstände der Zylinderkopf-Befestigungen und der Ventilschaftführungsmittelachsen in Zylinderkopflängsrichtung und in Zylinderkopfquerrichtung bei allen Bohrungsvarianten gleich. Details, die hierauf keinen Einfluß haben, können also selbstverständlich geändert werden. Somit kann der Zylinderkopf - gleichgültig für welches Kurbelgehäuse er verwendet wird - ohne Änderungen bzw. mit den gleichen Werkzeugen bearbeitet werden, wobei ausschließlich entsprechend dem jeweiligen Bohrungsdurchmesser unterschiedliche Ventilsitzringe und passende Ventile eingesetzt werden. Alle anderen Anbauteile des Zylinderkopfs einschließlich der Ansaugleitungen und Abgasleitungen können gleich sein. Dadurch wird der Herstellungsaufwand und insbesondere die Teilevielfalt reduziert. In a further embodiment of the invention, at least one and the same Cylinder head blank for internal combustion engines with different Hole dimensions used. So here are the Clearances between the cylinder head fastenings and the valve stem guide center axes in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head and in the transverse direction of the cylinder head the same for all hole variants. Details on this have no influence, can of course be changed. So the cylinder head can - regardless of which crankcase it is used - without changes or with the same Tools are processed, but only accordingly the respective bore diameter different valve seat rings and suitable valves are used. All other attachments of the Cylinder head including the intake pipes and exhaust pipes can be the same. As a result, the manufacturing effort and especially the variety of parts is reduced.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind die mit den Einlaß- und Auslaßventilen zusammenwirkenden Gaswechselkanäle in dem Zylinderkopf auf den größten Ventilsitzringdurchmesser ausgelegt. Damit ist in jedem Falle gewährleistet, daß der Ladungswechsel für die Brennkraftmaschine mit dem größten Bohrungsdurchmesser beziehungsweise Hubraum optimiert ist. Damit sind aber normalerweise für Brennkraftmaschinen mit einem kleinerem Hubraum die durch diese Gaswechselkanäle strömenden (Brennluft)-Mengen für einen guten Ladungswechsel ausreichend.In a further development of the invention are those with the inlet and outlet valves interacting gas exchange channels in the cylinder head designed for the largest valve seat ring diameter. So that is in everyone Trap ensures that the gas exchange for the internal combustion engine with the largest bore diameter respectively Displacement is optimized. But that’s usually for Internal combustion engines with a smaller displacement through this Gas exchange channels flowing (combustion air) quantities for a good Charge change sufficient.
Gegebenenfalls können bei dem Kurbelgehäuse mit einer kleineren Zylinderbohrung die Gaswechselkanalkerne zumindest im Bereich der Ventilsitzringe einen kleineren Durchmesser aufweisen. Somit brauchen keine Ventilsitzringe mit entsprechender Übergangskontur verwendet werden, sondern es kann auf standardmäßige Ventilsitzrohlinge zurückgegriffen werden.If necessary, the crankcase with a smaller Cylinder bore the gas exchange channel cores at least in the area of Valve seat rings have a smaller diameter. So need no valve seat rings with a corresponding transition contour are used but it can be on standard valve seat blanks be used.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung ist die Anordnung und Ausgestaltung der Ventilbetätigungsmittel in dem Kurbelgehäuse und/oder dem Zylinderkopf bei den verschiedenen Bohrungsvarianten ebenfalls gleich. Somit können auch hier gleiche Teile einschließlich der Nockenwelle verwendet werden.In a further embodiment, the arrangement and configuration of the Valve actuation means in the crankcase and / or the cylinder head also the same for the different hole variants. This means that the same parts including the camshaft can also be used here be used.
Insgesamt wird durch die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung bzw. Ausgestaltung des Zylinderkopfs erreicht, daß dieser für unterschiedliche Bohrungsdurchmesser der Zylinderverwendet werden kann. Dabei kann die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung insbesondere bei einer Weiterentwicklung einer bestehenden Motorbaureihe vorteilhaft sein, indem zunächst der Zylinderkopf für die Brennkraftmaschine mit dem vergrößerten Hubraum entwickelt wird. Dieser Zylinderkopf kann dann auf dem vorhandenen Kurbelgehäuse ohne Änderungen verwendet werden. Overall, the use or configuration according to the invention of the cylinder head achieved that this for different Bore diameter of the cylinder can be used. there can the use according to the invention in particular in a Further development of an existing engine series may be advantageous, by first the cylinder head for the internal combustion engine with the increased displacement is developed. This cylinder head can then used on the existing crankcase without changes become.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind der Zeichnungsbeschreibung zu entnehmen, in der ein in den Figuren dargestelltes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher beschrieben ist.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are the description of the drawing can be seen in which a shown in the figures Embodiment of the invention is described in more detail.
Es zeigt:
- Fig. 1:
- in schematischer Darstellung ein auf einen Zylinder aufgesetzter Zylinderkopf,
- Fig. 2:
- einen Gaswechselkanal, in dem ein Ventilsitzring für ein Gaswechselventil mit verkleinerten Ventiltellerdurchmesser eingesetzt ist,
- Fig. 3:
- eine schematische Ansicht des Zylinderkopfs auf der Brennraumseite zusammenwirkend mit einem großen Bohrungsdurchmesser des Zylinders und
- Fig. 4:
- eine Ansicht gemäß Fig. 3 mit einem kleineren Bohrungsdurchmesser.
- Fig. 1:
- in a schematic representation a cylinder head placed on a cylinder,
- Fig. 2:
- a gas exchange duct in which a valve seat ring for a gas exchange valve with a reduced valve disk diameter is inserted,
- Fig. 3:
- a schematic view of the cylinder head on the combustion chamber side cooperating with a large bore diameter of the cylinder and
- Fig. 4:
- a view of FIG. 3 with a smaller bore diameter.
Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Zylinder 1 einer insbesondere mehrzylindrigen
Brennkraftmaschine in Reihen- oder V-Bauart ist von einem
schematisch dargestellten Zylinderkopf 2 abgedeckt, wobei von dem
Zylinderkopf 2 ein Gaswechselkanal 3, ein Ventilsitzring 7 und ein
teilweise dargestelltes Gaswechselventil 4 dargestellt sind. Der Ventilschaft
5 des Gaswechselventils 4 ist in einer nicht dargestellten
Ventilschaftführung in dem Zylinderkopf 2 geführt, während der Ventilteller
6 mit dem Ventilsitzring 7, der in den Zylinderkopf 2 eingelassen
ist, zusammenwirkt. Lage und Größe des Ventiltellers 6 und des
Ventilsitzrings 7 sind so bemessen, daß das Gaswechselventil 4
einen möglichst großen Strömungsquerschnitt zu dem Gaswechselkanal
3 freigibt. Dementsprechend reicht das Gaswechselventil 4
bis nahe an die Zylinderlauffläche 8 heran. Wird ein Zylinder 1 mit
einem geringfügig geringerem Bohrungsmaß verwendet (strichliniert),
so würde das Gaswechselventil nicht mehr geöffnet und geschlossen
werden können. The
Für diesen Fall wird - wie in Fig. 2 und Fig. 4 dargestellt - ein Ventilsitzring
7a mit einer größeren Sitzringbreite in den Zylinderkopf 2
eingesetzt, wobei gleichzeitig ein Gaswechselventil 4a mit einem gegenüber
dem Gaswechselventil 4 kleineren Durchmesser des Ventiltellers
6a eingesetzt wird. Für einen strömungsgünstigen Übergang
weist der Ventilsitzring 7a eine Übergangskontur 9 auf, die einen
strömungsgünstigen Übergang zu der Gaswechselkanalinnenwandung
gewährleistet. Anstelle dieses Ventilsitzrings 7a mit einer Übergangskontur
9 kann auch beim Gießen des Zylinderkopfs 2 ein angepaßter
Gaswechselventilkern mit zumindest in diesem Bereich kleineren
Durchmesser verwendet werden. Im übrigen ist in Fig. 2 strichliniert
der Ventilsitzring mit einer kleineren Sitzringbreite für einen
großen Bohrungsdurchmesser angedeutet.In this case, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, a valve seat ring is used
7a with a larger seat ring width in the
Die Fig. 3 und 4 zeigen je eine Ansicht des Zylinderkopfs 1 auf der
Brennraumseite zusammenwirkend mit unterschiedlichen Bohrungsdurchmessern
der Zylinder 1, wobei in Fig. 3 eine Ausführung des
Zylinderkopfs 2 mit Ventilsitzringen 7 mit geringer Ventilsitzringbreite
und großem Bohrungsdurchmesser des Zylinders 1 darstellt ist, während
Fig. 4 eine Ausführung des Zylinderkopfs 2 mit Ventilsitzringen
7a mit großer Ringbreite und einem geringeren Bohrungsdurchmesser
des Zylinders 1 zeigt. Die mittige Bohrung 10 ist eine Öffnung
insbesondere für ein Einspritzventil, wobei hier aber ggf. auch eine
Zündkerze eingesetzt sein kann, da die Erfindung sowohl für selbstzündende
Brennkraftmaschinen als auch für fremdgezündete Ottooder
Gas- Brennkraftmaschinen verwendbar ist. Die Abstände 11a,
11b der Mittelachsen der Gaswechselventile 4, 4a sowie die Abstände
12a, 12b der Mittelachsen der Zylinderkopf- Befestigungen
(Zylinderkopfschraubenpfeifen) sind immer gleich.3 and 4 each show a view of the
Claims (6)
- Series of internal combustion engines with a cylinder head (2), the internal combustion engine having a crankcase in which a crankshaft is rotatably mounted, on which crankshaft at least one connecting rod is articulated which bears a piston which can be moved in a cylinder (1), the cylinder (1) being covered to form a combustion chamber by the cylinder head (2) into which gas exchange valves (4, 4a) configured as at least one inlet valve and one outlet valve are recessed, the valve heads of each of the gas exchange valves projecting into the combustion chamber when the said gas exchange valves are actuated, it being possible to optionally configure the crankcase with cylinder bores of differing magnitudes and one cylinder head (2) being provided for all versions of the crankcase, the cylinder-head securing means and gas exchange valves (4, 4a) of which cylinder head are arranged identically, characterized in that the cylinder head (2), with regard to the arrangement of the cylinder-head securing means and the gas exchange valves (4, 4a) and also to the diameters of the valve heads (6) and of the valve seat rings (7) surrounding the latter, is designed for an internal combustion engine with a large cylinder bore and, in this case, the valve heads (6) reach into the cylinder edge region of the part of the cylinder head (2) which cooperates with the combustion chamber, and in that, in the case of the crankcase with a relatively small cylinder bore, the cylinder head (2) can be equipped with valve seat rings (7a) of a relatively small inner diameter and gas exchange valves (4a) of a relatively small diameter of the valve heads (6a).
- Series of internal combustion engines according to Claim 1, characterized in that the valve seat rings (7a) have a transitional contour (9) to the gas exchange valve duct (3) in the case of the crankcase with a relatively small cylinder bore.
- Series of internal combustion engines according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the basic design of the cylinder head (2) is identical in the case of the different cylinder bores.
- Series of internal combustion engines according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that gas exchange ducts (3), cooperating with the gas exchange valves (4, 4a), in the cylinder head (2) are designed for the largest inner diameter of the valve seat rings (6a).
- Series of internal combustion engines according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, at least in the region of the valve seat rings (7, 7a), the gas exchange duct interiors have a small diameter in the case of the crankcase with a relatively small cylinder bore.
- Series of internal combustion engines according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve actuating means are arranged identically in the crankcase and/or the cylinder head (2) in the case of the cylinder bores of differing magnitudes.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19734007 | 1997-08-06 | ||
| DE19734007A DE19734007A1 (en) | 1997-08-06 | 1997-08-06 | Cylinder head for use with crankcases with different cylinder bore diameters |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0896146A2 EP0896146A2 (en) | 1999-02-10 |
| EP0896146A3 EP0896146A3 (en) | 1999-08-18 |
| EP0896146B1 true EP0896146B1 (en) | 2003-06-25 |
Family
ID=7838147
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98110043A Expired - Lifetime EP0896146B1 (en) | 1997-08-06 | 1998-05-29 | Cylinderhead for a crankcase with various cylinder bores |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6000372A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0896146B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19734007A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004041958B4 (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2017-01-19 | Deutz Ag | Reciprocating internal combustion engine with 2- or 4-valve cylinder head |
| DE102005020228B4 (en) * | 2005-04-30 | 2014-08-14 | Audi Ag | Inlet duct arrangement in a cylinder head |
| DE102006048517A1 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-04-17 | GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit | Cylinder head for internal combustion engine of e.g. passenger car, has two combustion chambers, where one combustion chamber has feeder that is provided in pendentive area between combustion chambers |
| FR2914359B1 (en) * | 2007-03-27 | 2009-05-08 | Renault Sas | ARRANGEMENT FOR A CYLINDER HEAD OF A THERMAL MOTOR OF A MOTOR VEHICLE COMPRISING A VENTURI SEAT. |
| US20120107144A1 (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-03 | Keifer Eric G | Variable bore convertible compressor cylinder |
| JP5342592B2 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2013-11-13 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Cylinder structure of internal combustion engine |
| RU2499899C1 (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2013-11-27 | Эмель Борисович Ахметов | Two-stroke piston diesel engine |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR576485A (en) * | 1924-01-30 | 1924-08-21 | Method and devices for reducing the volume of displacement in internal combustion engines and the like | |
| GB281347A (en) * | 1926-06-03 | 1927-12-05 | David Lewis Lipman | Methods of and means for reducing cylinder capacity in internal combustion engines and the like |
| US2696810A (en) * | 1951-08-16 | 1954-12-14 | Hercules Motors Corp | Valve seat insert construction for internal-combustion engines |
| DE1721961U (en) * | 1955-04-16 | 1956-05-09 | Heinz Pollmann | COMBUSTION VEHICLE ENGINE. |
| US3115127A (en) * | 1961-10-02 | 1963-12-24 | Charles O Spencer | Removable insert for internal combustion chambers |
| FR2353714A1 (en) * | 1976-06-04 | 1977-12-30 | Renault | Diesel engine incorporating petrol engine parts - uses distance piece between cylinder block and head to accommodate flanged liners |
| DE3841355C2 (en) * | 1988-12-08 | 1997-02-27 | Audi Ag | Method for increasing the displacement of a valve-controlled reciprocating internal combustion engine |
| US5431137A (en) * | 1991-04-10 | 1995-07-11 | Elsbett Konstruktion | Internal combustion engine |
| EP0611878B1 (en) * | 1993-02-03 | 1995-11-15 | AVL Gesellschaft für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Messtechnik mbH.Prof.Dr.Dr.h.c. Hans List | Method for constructing a multi-part cylinder block |
| US5390634A (en) * | 1993-08-20 | 1995-02-21 | S & S Cycle, Inc. | Internal combustion engine having high performance combustion chamber |
| JPH07150945A (en) * | 1993-11-26 | 1995-06-13 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | Combustion chamber structure for four cycle engine |
| US5566450A (en) * | 1995-03-16 | 1996-10-22 | Ford Motor Company | Flexibly making engine block assemblies |
-
1997
- 1997-08-06 DE DE19734007A patent/DE19734007A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-05-29 EP EP98110043A patent/EP0896146B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-05-29 DE DE59808795T patent/DE59808795D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-13 US US09/114,961 patent/US6000372A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6000372A (en) | 1999-12-14 |
| DE59808795D1 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
| EP0896146A3 (en) | 1999-08-18 |
| DE19734007A1 (en) | 1999-02-11 |
| EP0896146A2 (en) | 1999-02-10 |
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