EP0895441A1 - Verfahren zur Leistungsregelung von elektrischen Lichtbogenöfen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Leistungsregelung von elektrischen Lichtbogenöfen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0895441A1
EP0895441A1 EP98113625A EP98113625A EP0895441A1 EP 0895441 A1 EP0895441 A1 EP 0895441A1 EP 98113625 A EP98113625 A EP 98113625A EP 98113625 A EP98113625 A EP 98113625A EP 0895441 A1 EP0895441 A1 EP 0895441A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
furnace
power
melting
duration
time
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP98113625A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0895441B1 (de
Inventor
Ferruccio Della Vedova
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Danieli Automation SpA
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Centro Automation SpA
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/02—Details
    • H05B7/144—Power supplies specially adapted for heating by electric discharge; Automatic control of power, e.g. by positioning of electrodes
    • H05B7/148—Automatic control of power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • This invention concerns a method to control the power supply for electric arc furnaces as set forth in the main claim.
  • the invention is applied in the field of steel working, to regulate and control the supply of power in electric arc furnaces, particularly at the start of the melting cycle, in order to reduce the overall times of the cycle and to make savings in the total power supplied.
  • the electrodes themselves can be subject to great mechanical stresses which can also cause the electrodes to break or at least be damaged.
  • power is initially made available at a reduced value in order to reduce the aforesaid risks; the power is then increased, after a certain period of time, until it reaches the maximum available value which is compatible with the melting equipment and the requirements of the cycle.
  • This interval is normally defined according to operating experience and the increase in power delivered to the furnace takes place after a period which can guarantee adequate safety conditions which will overcome the aforesaid risks of short circuits and of dangerous stresses for the electrodes.
  • This interval of time which is defined in advance, is fixed in such a way as to guarantee such safety conditions even in the most unfavourable and dangerous situations, and is therefore, in the majority of cases, excessive and too long for real and specific requirements.
  • the purpose of this analysis is to control the development of the foamed slag which is generated inside the furnace so as to obtain improvements in the cycle in operational and technological terms.
  • the present applicant has designed, tested and embodied this invention to overcome the shortcomings of the state of the art, which businessmen in the field have long complained of, and to achieve further advantages.
  • the purpose of the invention is to provide a method to control the supply of electric power for electric arc furnaces wherein it is possible to determine case by case the moment in time, or the approximate moment in time with a pre-defined safety margin, wherein it is possible to increase the supply of electric power to the furnace without incurring any risks of short circuits or of dangerous stresses on the electrodes or of radiance of the arc towards the side panels.
  • the invention proposes to identify a method whereby it is possible to identify substantially in real time, during the course of the first step of the melting cycle, the cessation of the above-mentioned situations of risk, and therefore to give the permission for the delivery of maximum power available according to the specific conditions which occur in a specific situation.
  • This invention therefore, reduces the duration of the low power preliminary step which characterises the melting cycles in electric arc furnaces and therefore reduces the overall times of the cycle, with consequent advantages in terms of the number of cycles carried out in a defined period of time and also in terms of energy saving.
  • the method controls and analyses dynamically the evolution of the electrical quantities of the furnace as the melting cycle proceeds, and then compares them with values relating to a model assumed as a reference situation.
  • the reference situation is based for example on practical experiments after a certain number of initial parameters have been fixed, such as the size of the furnace, the melting profile, the type and form of the load etc., or otherwise it is identified dynamically in the very first stages of the furnace being activated; it makes it possible to achieve a model of comparison wherein the transition zone, at which the furnace passes from a situation of risk to a safe situation, is identified.
  • the transition zone is characterised by a specific development of the electrical quantities, both in terms of time and of harmonic content.
  • the invention makes it possible to identify, substantially in real time and in a sufficiently safe way, the moment when the situation of risk ends; it also gives permission for the delivery of maximum power to be reached in conditions of substantially safety.
  • the invention makes it possible to pass to maximum power as soon as possible and therefore it minimises the overall times of the melting cycle, case by case and in a dynamic and specialised manner.
  • Fig. 1 shows a possible melting profile for an electric arc furnace, in diagram form.
  • T 0 indicates the moment when melting starts
  • T 1 indicates the end of the pre-melting of the scrap, which is normally carried out at low or medium power
  • T 2 indicates the end of melting proper, which is carried out with the power at its maximum available value
  • T 3 indicates the end of the refining step and therefore the end of the complete cycle.
  • the duration of the period between T 1 and T 0 is the period of time which the invention intends to reduce, bringing forward as much as possible the moment when maximum power can be delivered and consequently reducing the overall times of the cycle, with a consequent saving of energy.
  • Figs. 2 and 3 show two possible electric systems for the controlled feed of, respectively, a furnace fed with direct current (DC) and a furnace fed with alternating current (AC).
  • DC direct current
  • AC alternating current
  • the reference number 10 denotes the electric arc furnace, inside which there is the upper electrode or electrodes 11; in the case of a DC furnace, the lower electrodes 12 are situated on the floor.
  • the upper electrode 11 is controlled by a regulation system 13, either hydraulic or electric, which regulates the position 14 governed in feedback by the control unit 15 which manages the working of the furnace 10.
  • the electric power fed to the furnace 10 is taken from the medium tension supply network 16 and transformed by the appropriate transformers, respectively 17a for the DC furnace and 17b for the AC furnace.
  • Each system with the thyristor valves 18 is followed by a relative inductor 19.
  • measuring assemblies 20 and 21 On the supply line, upstream and downstream of the transformer, there are measuring assemblies 20 and 21 which send their signals to the control unit 15 in order to keep the electrical quantities of the furnace 10 under control.
  • the inductor 19 is located upstream of the transformer 17b, while parallel to the supply line there is a group of phase advancing condensers 22.
  • the invention provides to keep a constant control of the evolution of the electrical quantities, that is to say, the tension and current, of the power fed to the furnace, in order to verify, by using reference models obtained by experiments or found dynamically in the initial step of the cycle, the moment when the situations of risk connected to the initial step of the melting cycle can be considered to have ended within a reasonable safety margin.
  • the method according to the invention provides to carry out on the electrical quantities either a temporal analysis or a spectral analysis or both, in order to obtain the parameters which are to be used in comparison with the aforementioned reference model.
  • the temporal analysis provides to determine specific statistical parameters relating to the development in time of the tension and/or the current of the power supply to the furnace.
  • the statistical parameter, calculated dynamically and compared with the value of the reference model of the control unit 15, is the variance, that is to say the square of the root deviation from the average value, of the specific electrical quantity of the furnace power supply, either the tension or the current.
  • the average variance of the electrical signal is calculated, used as a control, in a first time interval following the start of the cycle.
  • This time interval can be, for example, between 30′′ and 1′.
  • This average value of variance, calculated over the first interval after the furnace has been activated, is taken as a reference parameter.
  • the average variance value is continuously up-dated using the sliding average technique, keeping the interval of time on which the average value is calculated constant.
  • this control is carried out by analysing the spectrum of frequencies of the quantities of the power supply to the furnace, or by analysing their harmonic content in order to obtain dynamic information on the behaviour of the furnace.
  • the averages of the amplitudes of a certain number of even harmonics and a mating number of odd harmonics are calculated.
  • the interval of time can be, for example, between 30′′ and 1′.
  • the ratio between the average value of the amplitudes of the even harmonics and the average value of the amplitudes of the odd harmonics is taken as a parameter of reference.
  • the averages of the amplitudes calculated separately on the even and odd harmonics are continuously up-dated with the above-mentioned sliding average method, with a consequent up-dating of the relative ratio.
  • the reference model 23 can be obtained experimentally or, as seen above, it can be obtained dynamically when the furnace is in the first stage of activation.
  • spectral analysis there is first a transformation 27 of time/frequency, and then a procedure 28 to determine the harmonic content of the transformed signal.
  • a comparison 29 is made with the values of the reference model, after first determining 30 the threshold values which have to be considered according to the desired safety levels.
  • control unit 15 can activate the selection 31 of the next step of the power profile, that is, the delivery of maximum power.
  • This intervention of the control unit 15, depending on the type of furnace 10, acts either on the command of the thyristor valves 32, or on the tap-changer 33 or on the command to raise the electrodes 34.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
EP98113625A 1997-07-31 1998-07-22 Verfahren zur Leistungsregelung von elektrischen Lichtbogenöfen Expired - Lifetime EP0895441B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT97UD000138A IT1295728B1 (it) 1997-07-31 1997-07-31 Procedimento di controllo alimentazione per forno elettrico ad arco
ITUD970138 1997-07-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0895441A1 true EP0895441A1 (de) 1999-02-03
EP0895441B1 EP0895441B1 (de) 2004-06-09

Family

ID=11422437

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98113625A Expired - Lifetime EP0895441B1 (de) 1997-07-31 1998-07-22 Verfahren zur Leistungsregelung von elektrischen Lichtbogenöfen

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5987052A (de)
EP (1) EP0895441B1 (de)
BR (1) BR9803724A (de)
DE (1) DE69824346T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2223097T3 (de)
IT (1) IT1295728B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004009853A1 (en) * 2002-07-22 2004-01-29 Nucor Corporation Method for making steel with electric arc furnace
EP2650386A1 (de) * 2012-04-11 2013-10-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Lichtbogenofens und Schmelzanlage mit einem nach diesem Verfahren betriebenen Lichtbogenofen
EP2660547A1 (de) * 2012-05-03 2013-11-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Metallurgische Anlage
ITUB20152674A1 (it) * 2015-07-30 2017-01-30 Danieli Automation Spa Apparato e metodo di alimentazione elettrica di un forno elettrico ad arco

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2362710A1 (de) * 2010-02-23 2011-08-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Lichtbogenofens, Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung für einen Lichtbogenofen und Lichtbogenofen
FI20105587A0 (fi) 2010-05-25 2010-05-25 Kone Corp Menetelmä hissikokoonpanon kuormituksen rajoittamiseksi sekä hissikokoonpano
RU2556698C1 (ru) * 2013-12-30 2015-07-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр" Способ и система управления электротехнологическими режимами восстановительной плавки технического кремния в руднотермических электрических печах
RU175023U1 (ru) * 2017-03-13 2017-11-16 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский университет "МЭИ" (ФГБОУ ВО "НИУ "МЭИ") Регулятор электрического режима рудно-термической печи

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3149175A1 (de) * 1981-12-11 1983-06-23 Proizvodstvennoe ob"edinenie Nevskij zavod imeni V.I. Lenina, Leningrad Verfahren zur ueberwachung des zustandes des lichtbogenschmelzens
DE3616344A1 (de) * 1986-05-15 1987-11-19 Thyssen Stahl Ag Verfahren zur ermittlung des schmelzzustandes des einsatzes in einem drehstromgespeisten lichtbogenofen
EP0317948A2 (de) * 1987-11-25 1989-05-31 British Steel plc Kontrolle des Aussetzungsgrades eines Lichtbogens
WO1995026118A1 (en) * 1994-03-22 1995-09-28 Ab Metallurg-Consult Control of three-phase furnaces
DE4415727A1 (de) * 1994-05-05 1995-11-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Regelung des Schmelzprozesses in einem Drehstrom-Lichtbogenofen
DE4415722A1 (de) * 1994-05-05 1995-11-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Regelung des Schmelzprozesses in einem Drehstrom-Lichtbogenofen

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO141141C (no) * 1972-10-09 1980-01-16 Elkem Spigerverket As Fremgangsmaate for maaling av metallurgiske driftstilstander ved metallurgiske prosesser i elektriske elektrodeovner
US4881239A (en) * 1987-07-14 1989-11-14 Leybold Aktiengesellschaft Fault detection during remelt of electrodes into blocks
US5099438A (en) * 1989-08-28 1992-03-24 Ucar Carbon Technology Corporation Method for on-line monitoring and control of the performance of an electric arc furnace

Patent Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3149175A1 (de) * 1981-12-11 1983-06-23 Proizvodstvennoe ob"edinenie Nevskij zavod imeni V.I. Lenina, Leningrad Verfahren zur ueberwachung des zustandes des lichtbogenschmelzens
DE3616344A1 (de) * 1986-05-15 1987-11-19 Thyssen Stahl Ag Verfahren zur ermittlung des schmelzzustandes des einsatzes in einem drehstromgespeisten lichtbogenofen
EP0317948A2 (de) * 1987-11-25 1989-05-31 British Steel plc Kontrolle des Aussetzungsgrades eines Lichtbogens
WO1995026118A1 (en) * 1994-03-22 1995-09-28 Ab Metallurg-Consult Control of three-phase furnaces
DE4415727A1 (de) * 1994-05-05 1995-11-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Regelung des Schmelzprozesses in einem Drehstrom-Lichtbogenofen
DE4415722A1 (de) * 1994-05-05 1995-11-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Regelung des Schmelzprozesses in einem Drehstrom-Lichtbogenofen

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Title
STAIB W E ET AL: "The intelligent arc furnace controller: a neural network electrode position optimization system for the electric arc furnace", IJCNN INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON NEURAL NETWORKS (CAT. NO.92CH3114-6), BALTIMORE, MD, USA, 7-11 JUNE 1992, ISBN 0-7803-0559-0, 1992, NEW YORK, NY, USA, IEEE, USA, pages 1 - 9 vol.3, XP002055468 *
TIMM K ET AL: "Rechnergestützte Prozessbeobachtung des Schmelzvorganges im Lichtbogenofen", ELEKTROWAERME INTERNATIONAL, EDITION B, FEB. 1987, WEST GERMANY, vol. 45, no. 1, ISSN 0340-3521, pages 29 - 36, XP002055467 *

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004009853A1 (en) * 2002-07-22 2004-01-29 Nucor Corporation Method for making steel with electric arc furnace
CN104220605B (zh) * 2012-04-11 2016-10-26 普锐特冶金技术德国有限公司 运行电弧炉的方法和具有据此运行的电弧炉的熔炼设备
EP2650386A1 (de) * 2012-04-11 2013-10-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Lichtbogenofens und Schmelzanlage mit einem nach diesem Verfahren betriebenen Lichtbogenofen
WO2013152937A1 (de) * 2012-04-11 2013-10-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum betreiben eines lichtbogenofens und schmelzanlage mit einem nach diesem verfahren betriebenen lichtbogenofen
US10034333B2 (en) 2012-04-11 2018-07-24 Primetals Technologies Germany Gmbh Method for operating an arc furnace and smelting system having an arc furnace operated according to the method
CN104220605A (zh) * 2012-04-11 2014-12-17 西门子公司 运行电弧炉的方法和具有据此运行的电弧炉的熔炼设备
WO2013164297A1 (de) * 2012-05-03 2013-11-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Metallurgische anlage
CN104272050B (zh) * 2012-05-03 2016-03-02 西门子公司 冶金设备
CN104272050A (zh) * 2012-05-03 2015-01-07 西门子公司 冶金设备
EP2660547A1 (de) * 2012-05-03 2013-11-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Metallurgische Anlage
ITUB20152674A1 (it) * 2015-07-30 2017-01-30 Danieli Automation Spa Apparato e metodo di alimentazione elettrica di un forno elettrico ad arco
EP3124903A1 (de) * 2015-07-30 2017-02-01 Danieli Automation SPA Vorrichtung und verfahren zur elektrischen energieversorgung eines lichtbogenofens
EP3124903B1 (de) 2015-07-30 2019-02-13 Danieli Automation SPA Vorrichtung und verfahren zur elektrischen energieversorgung eines lichtbogenofens
US10219331B2 (en) 2015-07-30 2019-02-26 Danieli Automation Spa Apparatus and method to electrically power an electric arc furnace
EP3518622A1 (de) * 2015-07-30 2019-07-31 Danieli Automation S.P.A. Vorrichtung und verfahren zur elektrischen energieversorgung eines lichtbogenofens
US11382191B2 (en) 2015-07-30 2022-07-05 Danieli Automation S.P.A. Apparatus and method to electrically power an electric arc furnace

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0895441B1 (de) 2004-06-09
ITUD970138A1 (it) 1999-01-31
US5987052A (en) 1999-11-16
IT1295728B1 (it) 1999-05-27
BR9803724A (pt) 1999-11-23
DE69824346D1 (de) 2004-07-15
DE69824346T2 (de) 2005-06-02
ES2223097T3 (es) 2005-02-16

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