EP0895026A1 - Gerät und Verfahren zur Unterdrückung von Verpuffung während des Löschens einer Verbrennungsflamme - Google Patents

Gerät und Verfahren zur Unterdrückung von Verpuffung während des Löschens einer Verbrennungsflamme Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0895026A1
EP0895026A1 EP98401911A EP98401911A EP0895026A1 EP 0895026 A1 EP0895026 A1 EP 0895026A1 EP 98401911 A EP98401911 A EP 98401911A EP 98401911 A EP98401911 A EP 98401911A EP 0895026 A1 EP0895026 A1 EP 0895026A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
nozzle
flow
compensation
injection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98401911A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0895026B1 (de
Inventor
Gilles Cannet
Gervais Lemesle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lincoln Electric Co France SA
Original Assignee
La Soudure Autogene Francaise
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by La Soudure Autogene Francaise filed Critical La Soudure Autogene Francaise
Publication of EP0895026A1 publication Critical patent/EP0895026A1/de
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Publication of EP0895026B1 publication Critical patent/EP0895026B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/465—Details, e.g. noise reduction means for torches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/82—Preventing flashback or blowback

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and to a device making it possible to remove or at least minimize the deflagration occurring during extinction of a combustion flame of a gas flow delivered by a welding nozzle or also called "burner".
  • the deflagration or "slamming" occurring during the extinction of the welding flame delivered by a welding nozzle is a well known phenomenon of the welder. This deflagration usually takes place during the power supply shutdown, i.e. when the interruption of the arrival of the welding gas mixture in the nozzle, which gas mixture generally contains at least one combustible gas and at least one oxidizing gas (by gas is meant a substantially pure gas or a mixture several gases).
  • the premix flame fed by the combustible / oxidant gas mixture leaving the nozzle welding is the seat of a balance between the progression of the flame front, which tends to return to the inside of the nozzle, and the flow of the gas mixture of combustion delivered by the nozzle, which therefore tends to exit; the average flow velocity of the gas mixture of combustion being a function of the output flow of the gas mixture and the nozzle section of distribution.
  • the arrival welding gas is closed by the user, which implies that the flow velocity of the gas mixture decreases until it reaches a zero value.
  • a gradual breakdown of the balance implying, when the flow velocity of the gas mixture becomes less than the speed of flame front progression, flame entry to inside the welding nozzle followed by combustion of the gas mixture therein, which did not have the time to be evacuated to the outside, and a subsequent deflagration.
  • One of these solutions consists in obtaining a extinction of the flame causing a variation in the content of the welding gas mixture in its gases fuel and oxidizer, so as to go beyond the limits flammability thereof.
  • the flammability range of the mixture is between about 2.5% and 93% in acetylene; below and above these values the flame goes out.
  • An alternative technique is to purge the nozzle welding and blowing the flame by means of a flux nitrogen gas.
  • the aim of the present invention is therefore to propose a method and a device for solving the flame deflagration problem, which does not have the aforementioned drawbacks, which either of simple implementation and of reasonable cost, that is to say compatible with industrial requirements.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a method for minimizing or eliminating the deflagration or "slamming" occurring during the extinction of the combustion flame of a gas flow comprising at least one combustible gas and at least one oxidizing gas, said gas flow being delivered by a torch nozzle or "burner", in which the average flow speed (Ve) of the gas flow leaving the nozzle is maintained at or above the average speed of until the flame is completely extinguished re-entry (Vr) of the flame front in said nozzle, namely at an average flow speed (Ve) greater than or equal to 22 m / s -1 .
  • Vr average speed of re-entry
  • a welding device like the one shown in Figure 1, which includes a torch nozzle 7 or "burner” delivering a mixture of welding gases comprising acetylene as a combustible gas and oxygen as an oxidizing gas.
  • acetylene and oxygen are transported, respectively, from a bottle acetylene 1 and an oxygen cylinder 2 up to a injector 6, where the gaseous mixture of welding, prior to its combustion at the outlet of burner 7.
  • the transport of acetylene and oxygen is carried out by means of pipes 1 'and 2', respectively; a pressure gauge 3, 3 ', a flow meter mass 4, 4 ', and a regulating valve 5, 5' of the passage gas being arranged, respectively, on each of said pipes 1 ', 2'.
  • Example 1 it appears that to avoid the phenomenon of "slamming", it is necessary to maintain the average flow speed (Ve) of the welding gas flow leaving the nozzle at a value greater than or equal to the speed value corresponding to the critical average level of approximately 25 ms -1 (approximate range 22 ms -1 to 28 ms -1 ), i.e. greater than or equal to the reentry speed (Vr) of the front flame in said nozzle.
  • Ve average flow speed of the welding gas flow leaving the nozzle at a value greater than or equal to the speed value corresponding to the critical average level of approximately 25 ms -1 (approximate range 22 ms -1 to 28 ms -1 ), i.e. greater than or equal to the reentry speed (Vr) of the front flame in said nozzle.
  • valves A and B at manual closing, have been arranged upstream of the pipes 1 'and 2', so that the gas capacity of each of said pipes 1 'and 2', downstream of the valves A and B, is approximately 100 cm 3 .
  • R represents the ratio of oxygen consumption to acetylene at different times (consumption ratio);
  • Ve the flow speed (ms -1 ) of the oxygen / acetylene mixture at the outlet of the nozzle. welding; and
  • t the time in seconds.
  • Figures 3 to 5 represent the evolution over time (on the abscissa; units: seconds) of the flow rate (on the ordinate; units: lh -1 ) of the constituents oxygen (curve O 2 ) and acetylene (curve C 2 H 2 ) of the welding mixture at the nozzle outlet.
  • Figure 6 makes it possible to compare the flow speed Ve (on the ordinate; units: ms -1 ) of the welding mixture at the nozzle outlet as a function of the evolution of the consumption ratio R (on the abscissa) for tests 1 to 3 of Table I above; this Figure 6 also shows the critical speed curve (Curve Vc) of Figure 2.
  • the inventors of the present invention have developed a device for maintaining, at the end of welding, when the flame goes out, the speed flue gas flow to a value at least equal to and preferably greater than the value of critical flow velocity (Vc), i.e. reentry rate (Vr) of the flame in the nozzle.
  • Vc critical flow velocity
  • Vr reentry rate
  • FIG. 7 This device is shown schematically in Figure 7, where we see a device similar to that of Figure 1, but additionally comprising a compensation gas circuit comprising a source 8 of oxidizing compensating gas, here a source of oxygen, connected, via a pipe 8 ', at a point C located downstream of the gate valve setting 5.
  • a compensation gas circuit comprising a source 8 of oxidizing compensating gas, here a source of oxygen, connected, via a pipe 8 ', at a point C located downstream of the gate valve setting 5.
  • the flow of compensation gas from source 8 to line 1 ' is controlled by a valve 9 of setting.
  • the source 8 of compensation and source 2 of oxidizing gas (oxygen) are different, it is particularly advantageous use a single source of oxidizing gas (oxygen) as a source 2 of oxidizing gas and as a source 8 of compensation gas.
  • a bypass B arranged between the supply means 2 ′ of oxidizing gas (oxygen) and the means 1 ′ for supplying combustible gas (acetylene), between a first site M located upstream of the regulating valve 5 'for the combustion gas supply and a second site N located downstream of the regulating valve 5 of the fuel gas supply.
  • B-pass B has a pipe or 8 'gas circuit and a bypass control means 9, like a bypass valve, making it possible to control the Compensating gas pressure and / or flow rate in said bypass B.
  • the C3 site is preferred. Indeed, when oxygen from compensation is injected to compensate for the closure of the acetylene supply, at the end of welding, that is to say when the flame goes out, so maintain the flow velocity Ve of the gas flow higher than the reentry speed Vr of the flame, the slamming phenomenon does not occur whatever the injection site: C1, C2 or C3, thus demonstrating the interest and effectiveness of the invention.
  • the C3 site has several advantages, namely in particular excellent functioning, access easy and the ability to maintain pressure compensation gas injection at least equal to the supply pressure or even slightly lower in the case of an aspirating mixer; nevertheless, take care to avoid any rise in compensating oxygen in line 1 ′ of acetylene supply.
  • the alternative solutions to a gas injection compensation that may be considered include a increase in the pressure of the oxidizing gas supplied by the 2 'pipe and / or a limitation of the flow rate of gas at the nozzle outlet by a retractable device.
  • Example 4 aims to determine when be performed this make-up gas injection and for how long.
  • injecting oxygen from compensation takes place between the tap and the injector (site C3); the diameter of the injection orifice being 0.8 mm.
  • the inventors have demonstrated, moreover, that it is possible to extinguish the flame without clicking when blowing it.
  • the start compensation gas injection is carried out before stop of the welding nozzle supply in said combustible and / or oxidizing gas, preferably approximately 0.1 seconds before the nozzle supply stops.
  • Example 4 It should be noted that a combination of the technique exposed in Example 4 and that of the "blowing" of Example 5 is entirely possible.
  • Figures 10 to 13 show modes of devices likely to be used to control the opening and closing of valves 5, 5 'and / or 9 in Figure 7 or Figure 14.
  • Figure 10 shows a view of underside of a translation control device valve opening / closing, comprising a valve body distribution 16 provided with a push button 15 capable to slide in translation along guides 14 of push button, so in the directions given by the arrow F, when applying manual pressure to said button 15, on which a rack is arranged 19.
  • the button 15 gives, via the rack 19, a movement of rotation with a wheel 17 with pinions 18 around the axis of its drum 13, which wheel carries a retractable cam 20 subjected to a restoring force through a return spring 10, so that the cam 19 cooperates with a valve 12 controlling the oxygen supply to compensation.
  • button 15 cooperates, via its rear end 15 ', with valves 11, 21 and 22, carried by the distribution body 16, as shown in Figure 12, which is a sectional diagram transverse of said body 16 along line A-A.
  • the valves 11, 21 and 22 respectively control supply of compensating oxidant gas (oxygen), oxidizing gas (oxygen), combustible gas (acetylene) and acetylene to supply a pilot light.
  • Figure 11 is a diagram in longitudinal section of the Figure 10 device.
  • Figure 13 shows a half side view of a rotary valve opening / closing control device, comprising a distribution body 36 provided with an actuating trigger 31 capable of moving in rotation in the directions given by arrow F ', when manual pressure is applied thereto.
  • the trigger 31 cooperates, in particular, via a pawl 32, with 4 valves 33, 34, 35 and 37.
  • a pressure on the trigger 31 allows, on the one hand, to control the opening of the '' supply of O 2 and C 2 H 2 (valves 33 and 35) and of the injection of C 2 H 2 to the pilot light (valve 34) and, on the other hand, the closing of the supply of the flow of compensating O 2 (valve 37).
  • a relaxation of the trigger 31 generates, on the one hand, a closure of the supply of O 2 , C 2 H 2 and of the pilot light and, on the other hand, an opening of the compensation flow in O 2 (valve 37).
  • a piezoelectric generator 30 also makes it possible to supply the sparks intended to ignite the gas mixture.
  • a cut along line C-C in the body of distribution 36 would have a structure similar to that of Figure 12.
  • the present invention is in no way limited to welding, but can also be applied to cutting, in particular flame cutting, heating and various heat treatments, or any field analog using a torch, torch or burner similar to those used in welding.
  • the present invention has the advantage considerably reduce clogging of the nozzle and supply conduits thereof, since flashbacks generating, on the one hand, the slamming phenomenon and on the other hand this fouling or other soot deposits, are removed or at least considerably limited. This then results in a torch more reliable and more durable than torches current.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
EP19980401911 1997-07-28 1998-07-27 Verfahren zur Unterdrückung von Verpuffung während des Löschens einer Verbrennungsflamme Expired - Lifetime EP0895026B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9709585A FR2766556B1 (fr) 1997-07-28 1997-07-28 Procede et dispositif de suppression de la deflagration a l' extinction d'une flamme
FR9709585 1997-07-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0895026A1 true EP0895026A1 (de) 1999-02-03
EP0895026B1 EP0895026B1 (de) 2002-05-15

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EP19980401911 Expired - Lifetime EP0895026B1 (de) 1997-07-28 1998-07-27 Verfahren zur Unterdrückung von Verpuffung während des Löschens einer Verbrennungsflamme

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0895026B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69805372T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2176932T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2766556B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2793494A1 (fr) * 1999-05-12 2000-11-17 Air Liquide Melange gazeux combustible et son utlisation en oxycoupage
FR2803021A1 (fr) * 1999-12-27 2001-06-29 Soudure Autogene Francaise Chalumeau oxy-combustible

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB830339A (en) 1956-04-19 1960-03-16 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to apparatus comprising one or more gas-oxygen burners
DE1147546B (de) 1961-05-30 1963-04-25 Deutsche Bundesbahn Pruefvorrichtung fuer Injektorschweissbrenner
US3994663A (en) 1975-11-28 1976-11-30 John Zink Company Method and apparatus to prevent air flow inversion in flare stacks
US4794953A (en) 1985-10-09 1989-01-03 Castolin S.A. Torch device with oxygen and combustion gas supply
FR2728059A1 (fr) 1994-12-09 1996-06-14 Soudure Autogene Francaise Dispositif de commande de l'ecoulement de deux gaz et bruleur muni de ce dispositif

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB830339A (en) 1956-04-19 1960-03-16 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to apparatus comprising one or more gas-oxygen burners
DE1147546B (de) 1961-05-30 1963-04-25 Deutsche Bundesbahn Pruefvorrichtung fuer Injektorschweissbrenner
US3994663A (en) 1975-11-28 1976-11-30 John Zink Company Method and apparatus to prevent air flow inversion in flare stacks
US4794953A (en) 1985-10-09 1989-01-03 Castolin S.A. Torch device with oxygen and combustion gas supply
FR2728059A1 (fr) 1994-12-09 1996-06-14 Soudure Autogene Francaise Dispositif de commande de l'ecoulement de deux gaz et bruleur muni de ce dispositif

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2793494A1 (fr) * 1999-05-12 2000-11-17 Air Liquide Melange gazeux combustible et son utlisation en oxycoupage
WO2000070000A1 (fr) * 1999-05-12 2000-11-23 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Melange gazeux combustible et son utilisation en oxycoupage
FR2803021A1 (fr) * 1999-12-27 2001-06-29 Soudure Autogene Francaise Chalumeau oxy-combustible
EP1113222A1 (de) * 1999-12-27 2001-07-04 La Soudure Autogene Francaise Sauerstoffbrenner mit einzelner Ventilregulierungsvorrichtung
US6451245B2 (en) 1999-12-27 2002-09-17 La Soudure Autogene Francaise Oxy-fuel torch with a single control for the valves

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69805372D1 (de) 2002-06-20
EP0895026B1 (de) 2002-05-15
DE69805372T2 (de) 2002-11-21
FR2766556A1 (fr) 1999-01-29
FR2766556B1 (fr) 1999-09-03
ES2176932T3 (es) 2002-12-01

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