EP0890676B1 - Calender - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0890676B1
EP0890676B1 EP98110429A EP98110429A EP0890676B1 EP 0890676 B1 EP0890676 B1 EP 0890676B1 EP 98110429 A EP98110429 A EP 98110429A EP 98110429 A EP98110429 A EP 98110429A EP 0890676 B1 EP0890676 B1 EP 0890676B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nips
rollers
roller
calender
closed
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98110429A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0890676A1 (en
Inventor
Dirk Cramer
Ulrich Wagner
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Voith Paper Patent GmbH
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Publication of EP0890676A1 publication Critical patent/EP0890676A1/en
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Publication of EP0890676B1 publication Critical patent/EP0890676B1/en
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21GCALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S162/00Paper making and fiber liberation
    • Y10S162/09Uses for paper making sludge
    • Y10S162/10Computer control of paper making variables

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a calender with several rolls, whose axes are arranged in a press plane are, in each case adjacent rolls a nip between train, and with a control device to open and close the nips.
  • Calenders are used to treat material webs, in particular for satinizing paper webs.
  • the invention in the following using a paper calender are described without being limited to this application to be.
  • the paper web becomes passed through the calender and in the nips, which too be referred to as "nips" with pressure and, if necessary also subjected to an elevated temperature.
  • the type of pressure treatment in the calender determines here the surface properties. in this connection can be found in the first approximation that with the Number of nips also better the quality of the surface becomes.
  • the invention is based, the flexibility when satinizing material webs with less Increase effort.
  • rollers so adjustable are that between two closed nips there are at least two open nips.
  • the calender can both Operate so that all nips are closed, i.e. the Material web is pressurized in all nips. This leads to a relatively high surface quality.
  • the calender can also be operated so that not all nips are closed.
  • the material web is satinized in one or more closed nips, then skips some unnecessary ones Nips that remain open and then treated the material web in the closed nip or nips further. Because the nips in which the material web will not be treated, will remain open Rolls spared here. Especially with soft nips, i.e.
  • Nips by a roller with a soft Surface layer are limited, it is practical not possible to close the nip and the paper web omit without causing destruction.
  • the Paper web is then missing as an insulator, what about time to an uneven temperature rise on the elastic Surface would lead.
  • the cover bulges then thermally and can be destroyed.
  • contaminants entering the nip lead to surface damage to the cover.
  • the closed nips are preferred by the two outer pairs of rollers formed. This simplifies the Control of the rollers. In many calenders anyway provided that the rollers are moved apart can, so that all nips are opened, for example for inserting the paper web. If the two outer Then roll pairs that form closed nips it is sufficient to close the nips if two rollers be moved.
  • the two end rollers are designed as deflection adjustment rollers are. It is achieved that the two closed Pressure forces are applied to nips can go beyond the forces to balance of the dead weight of the rollers are necessary. In order to the treatment option is expanded.
  • limiting rollers each driven at least one. This is the treatment of the material web in both Nips possible without the material web being inadmissible is subjected to high tractive forces.
  • All rollers advantageously have their own drive on and at least the drives of the rollers that open Limit nips can be controlled individually. This Drives can, if the nips remain open, be stopped so that the rollers no longer turn.
  • the specified Roller is the top roller and the bottom roller is one Has linear actuator.
  • Such a construction is known from conventional calenders in which all nips are closed by the bottom one Roller is raised and then gradually everyone else Takes the rollers with you until the second roller top roller reached. You can now use two simple ones Modifications of such a calender into an inventive one Convert calender. All you have to do is the second roller can be locked from below and the second roller have their own lifting drive from above. Such a conversion is simple and can also with existing calenders.
  • At least one closed nip one roller can be locked and the other roller has one Pressure sensor on. To close the nips is therefore only a single roll movement is necessary. The other roller is set.
  • the pressure sensor is on one end of a two-armed lever acts on the other End the other roller is arranged. hereby there is enough space available for the pressure sensor. The leverage can still be used to ensure a suitable force application in the nip.
  • the other roller is preferably a roller with a jacket stroke educated. This is an alternative option or in addition to using a thruster can be selected on the two-armed lever. At a The roller with the jacket stroke will have the necessary pressure in the Nip generated by moving the entire roll shell becomes.
  • the two closed nips are soft Nips trained. You can then either use the calender than a conventional multi-roll calender with one Variety of nips drive or as a result of two Soft calenders with only one soft nip each.
  • One of the opened nips is advantageously as Alternating gap formed.
  • Such an alternating gap is necessary in a calender in which all rolls are in a stand are arranged, but both sides of the Material web should be applied in the same way.
  • alternating nip where two soft rollers come together but should avoid idling become.
  • a calender 1 has six rollers 3 in a frame 2 to 8, whose axes in a press plane 9 one above the other lie.
  • Adjacent rolls form nips or nips 10-14.
  • the rollers 3-8 move apart, the nips 10-14 are opened. If the rollers 3-8 nips 10-14 are closed.
  • the top roller 3 in the frame 2 fixed, the middle rollers 4-7 are on levers 15-18 suspended in frame 2 and the bottom roller 8 is in a carriage 19 in the frame 2 and is movable driven by a lifting cylinder 20. If the lifting cylinder 20 is lowered, then the levers 15-18 be pivoted down so far that they are not on Stop attacks shown in detail.
  • the material web can be in the closed nips with pressure and possibly an increased Temperature to be treated.
  • the rollers 3, 5, 6 and 8 have an elastic surface cover on, so that the nips 10, 11 and 13, 14 as so-called soft nips are formed.
  • the middle nip 12 is designed as a so-called alternating gap, i.e. here are two soft rollers opposite each other.
  • the rollers 4 and 7 have a hard surface.
  • a series of deflection rollers 22-26 are also provided, to guide a material web 21 through the Calender 1 serve.
  • the material web 21 can now, in one mode of operation, which is known per se, treated in all nips 10-14 become. But it can also, as shown in Fig. 1 is to be treated in only two Nips, namely nips 10 and 14, is treated.
  • the rollers 3-8 of the calender 1 are like this set that only the rollers 3 and 4 against each other are pressed and the rollers 7 and 8. Accordingly the nips 11-13 are open and only the nips 10 and 14 closed.
  • the pulleys 24 and 26 serve the material web 21 on the nips 12 and 13 passing out.
  • the nip 11 is run through without the material web is treated here.
  • the top roller 3 is fixed in the frame 2.
  • the second top roller 4 is on one arm of a two-armed Lever 15 attached. Intervenes on the other arm Pressure sensor 27 on. If the pressure sensor 27, for example designed as a piston-cylinder unit can be, the arm of the lever 15 moves down then the roller 4 is pressed up against the roller 3. Since the top roller 3 as a deflection adjustment roller the pressure forces, which are generated by the pressure sensor 27 in relatively wide Select areas freely.
  • the lever 18 on which the roller 7 is mounted is in the lowered position at which the remaining nips 11-13 are open with the help of a locking device 28 locked against the frame 2.
  • the nip 14 will then closed in that the lifting cylinder 20 bottom roller 8 lifts. Since the bottom roller 8 is designed as a deflection adjustment roller you can choose the forces here relatively freely.
  • All rollers 3-8 have their own drive 29-34, at least the drives of the rollers 5 and 6 independently can be controlled by the other drives. she can then be stopped when the rollers 5 and 6 due to the opened nips 11 to 13 during treatment the material web 21 does not have to come into action.
  • the calender 1 perform a full satin finish in five nips 10-14, to achieve a high surface quality, i.e. a To produce paper web with high gloss and smoothness values, and, as shown in Fig. 1, the material web Treat only in two nips so that one reduced surface quality is obtained, however sufficient for many purposes.
  • Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of a calender 1 ', in which the only for the uppermost nip 10 Locking mechanism was changed.
  • the roller 4 is arranged on a single lever 15 ', with the help of a locking device 35 in a certain angular position relative to the frame 2 can be held. Accordingly, the roller 4 relative to the frame 2 in a certain position be determined.
  • the top roller 3 ' is designed as a jacketed roller. Your coat can thus be lowered onto the roller 4 to close the nip 10. Otherwise works the calender 1 'exactly like the calender 1 according to FIG. 1.
  • control device 36 which in the 1 with the lifting cylinder 20 and the Pressure generator 27 and the locking device 28 is connected and controls the way they work.
  • control device 36 With the calender 1 'according to Fig. 2, the control device 36 with the lifting cylinder 20, the locking device 28, the Locking device 35 and the adjusting device connected for the jacket stroke of the roller 3 '.

Landscapes

  • Paper (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Sheets, Magazines, And Separation Thereof (AREA)
  • Delivering By Means Of Belts And Rollers (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

The calender assembly, in a vertical stack of rollers forming nips between neighbouring rollers, has a control system to open and close the nips. The rollers (3-8) are set so that at least two opened nips (11-13) are between two closed nips (10, 14). Preferably the closed nips (10, 14) are formed by the two outer pairs of rollers (3, 4; 7, 8). The outermost rollers (3, 8) are bend adjustment rollers, and at least one of the rollers in the outer pairs (3, 4; 7, 8) is powered. All the rollers (3-8) have their own drives (29-34). Separate control is provided for at least the drives (31, 32) to the rollers (5, 6) flanking the opened nips (11-13). At one closed nip (10), one of the rollers (3, 4) for it is fixed to the columns, and the fixed roller (3) is the topmost in the assembly.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kalander mit mehreren Walzen, deren Achsen in einer Pressenebene angeordnet sind, wobei jeweils benachbarte Walzen einen Nip zwischen sich ausbilden, und mit einer Steuervorrichtung zum Öffnen und Schließen der Nips.The invention relates to a calender with several rolls, whose axes are arranged in a press plane are, in each case adjacent rolls a nip between train, and with a control device to open and close the nips.

Kalander dienen zum Behandeln von Materialbahnen, insbesondere zum Satinieren von Papierbahnen. Die Erfindung soll im folgenden anhand eines Papier-Kalanders beschrieben werden, ohne auf diesen Anwendungszweck begrenzt zu sein.Calenders are used to treat material webs, in particular for satinizing paper webs. The invention in the following using a paper calender are described without being limited to this application to be.

Bei der Satinage einer Papierbahn wird die Papierbahn durch den Kalander geführt und in den Nips, die auch als "Walzenspalte" bezeichnet werden, mit Druck und gegebenenfalls auch mit einer erhöhten Temperatur beaufschlagt. Die Art der Druckbehandlung im Kalander bestimmt hierbei die Oberflächeneigenschaften. Hierbei läßt sich in erster Nährung feststellen, daß mit der Anzahl der Nips auch die Güte der Oberfläche besser wird.When a paper web is satinized, the paper web becomes passed through the calender and in the nips, which too be referred to as "nips" with pressure and, if necessary also subjected to an elevated temperature. The type of pressure treatment in the calender determines here the surface properties. in this connection can be found in the first approximation that with the Number of nips also better the quality of the surface becomes.

In vielen Fällen ist allerdings eine hohe Oberflächenqualität gar nicht erforderlich oder erwünscht. Man kommt dann mit einer geringeren Anzahl von Nips aus.In many cases, however, there is a high surface quality not necessary or desirable at all. you then gets by with a smaller number of nips.

Es ist daher beispielsweise aus EP 0 661 405 A1 bekannt, einen Kalander mit vier Walzen und drei Nips so auszubilden, daß er wahlweise mit drei, zwei oder auch nur mit einem Nip gefahren werden kann, wobei jeweils der oder die untersten Nips geschlossen sind, während die verbleibenden Nips geöffnet bleiben. Die Streckenlast, die auf die Papierbahn wirkt, läßt sich hier verändern. Allerdings sind hierzu drei Durchbiegeeinstellwalzen erforderlich. Außerdem ist die Folge der Nips festgelegt. Der Behandlung im zweiten Nip muß eine Behandlung im dritten Nip folgen, wenn beide Nips geschlossen sind. Dies schränkt die Variationsmöglichkeiten ein.It is therefore known, for example, from EP 0 661 405 A1, a calender with four rolls and three nips like that train that he can choose with three, two or also can only be driven with a nip, whereby each the bottom nips are closed while the remaining nips remain open. The line load, that affects the paper web can be changed here. However, there are three deflection adjustment rollers for this required. Also, the consequence of the nips established. Treatment in the second nip needs treatment Follow in the third nip when both nips are closed are. This limits the possible variations on.

In der älteren deutschen Patentanmeldung 196 31 056 ist ein weiterer Kalander beschrieben, bei dem in einem Kalander ein Walzenstapel mit mehreren Nips kombiniert ist mit einem Walzenpaar, das nur einen Nip zwischen sich ausbildet. Beide Walzenstapel haben eine Walze gemeinsam. Sie können alternativ betrieben werden. Allerdings ist auch hier der apparative Aufwand aufgrund einer zusätzlichen Durchbiegeeinstellwalze mit zwei Wirkrichtungen relativ hoch.In the older German patent application 196 31 056 is described another calender in which in a calender a roll stack combined with several nips is with a pair of rollers that is only one nip between is developing. Both roller stacks have one roller in common. Alternatively, they can be operated. Indeed is the equipment cost due to a additional deflection adjustment roller with two directions of action quite high.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Flexibilität bei der Satinage von Materialbahnen mit geringerem Aufwand zu erhöhen. The invention is based, the flexibility when satinizing material webs with less Increase effort.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Kalander der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß die Walzen so einstellbar sind, daß sich zwischen zwei geschlossenen Nips mindestens zwei geöffnete Nips befinden.This task is performed on a calender of the type mentioned at the beginning Kind solved in that the rollers so adjustable are that between two closed nips there are at least two open nips.

Mit dieser Ausgestaltung läßt sich der Kalander sowohl so betreiben, daß alle Nips geschlossen sind, d.h. die Materialbahn wird in allen Nips mit Druck beaufschlagt. Dies führt zu einer relativ hohen Oberflächenqualität. Der Kalander kann aber auch so betrieben werden, daß nicht alle Nips geschlossen sind. Im Gegensatz zu bekannten Kalandern, bei denen die nicht benötigten Nips einfach zu Beginn der Behandlung der Materialbahn weg gelassen werden, also geöffnet bleiben, wählt man jedoch bei der vorliegenden Erfindung einen anderen Weg. Man satiniert die Materialbahn in einem oder mehreren geschlossenen Nips, überspringt dann einige nicht benötigte Nips, die geöffnet bleiben, und behandelt dann die Materialbahn in dem oder den geschlossenen Nips weiter. Dadurch, daß die Nips, in denen die Materialbahn nicht behandelt wird, geöffnet bleiben, werden die Walzen hier geschont. Insbesondere bei weichen Nips, d.h. Walzenspalten, die von einer Walze mit einer weichen Oberflächenschicht begrenzt sind, ist es praktisch nicht möglich, den Nip zu schließen und die Papierbahn wegzulassen, ohne daß dies zu Zerstörungen führt. Die Papierbahn fehlt dann als Isolator, was über die Zeit zu einem ungleichmäßigen Temperaturanstieg auf dem elastischen Belag führen würde. Der Bezug bombiert sich dann thermisch auf und kann zerstört werden. Außerdem können auch in den Walzenspalt einlaufende Verunreinigungen zu Oberflächenbeschädigungen am Bezug führen. Wenn die Nips allerdings geöffnet bleiben, besteht diese Gefahr nicht. Man ist nun nicht mehr darauf festgelegt, eine Behandlungsfolge von Nips zu durchlaufen, wie sie durch die Walzenreihenfolge im Kalander vorgegeben ist. Dadurch, daß Nips geöffnet bleiben und umfahren werden können, kann man die Abfolge der Behandlungsschritte der Materialbahn relativ frei wählen. Man kombiniert also in einem Kalander sowohl die Möglichkeiten, eine Satinage zur Erzielung von hohem Glanz bzw. hoher Glätte durchzuführen mit der Möglichkeit, durch eine Behandlung in einer geringen Anzahl von Nips auch eine niedrigere Oberflächenqualität zu erzeugen. Die Einsatzmöglichkeiten des Kalanders werden hierdurch erweitert.With this configuration, the calender can both Operate so that all nips are closed, i.e. the Material web is pressurized in all nips. This leads to a relatively high surface quality. The calender can also be operated so that not all nips are closed. In contrast to known ones Calenders where the nips not required simply away at the beginning of the treatment of the material web be left open, but you choose another way in the present invention. The material web is satinized in one or more closed nips, then skips some unnecessary ones Nips that remain open and then treated the material web in the closed nip or nips further. Because the nips in which the material web will not be treated, will remain open Rolls spared here. Especially with soft nips, i.e. Nips by a roller with a soft Surface layer are limited, it is practical not possible to close the nip and the paper web omit without causing destruction. The Paper web is then missing as an insulator, what about time to an uneven temperature rise on the elastic Surface would lead. The cover bulges then thermally and can be destroyed. Moreover can also contaminants entering the nip lead to surface damage to the cover. However, if the nips remain open, this will exist Danger not. You are no longer committed to to go through a sequence of nips treatment, as specified by the order of the rolls in the calender is. By keeping nips open and bypassing them one can follow the sequence of treatment steps choose the material web relatively freely. you combines in a calender both the possibilities a satin finish to achieve a high shine high smoothness with the possibility of through treatment in a small number of nips also produce a lower surface quality. The possible uses of the calender are thereby extended.

Bevorzugt sind die geschlossenen Nips durch die beiden äußeren Walzenpaare gebildet. Dies vereinfacht die Steuerung der Walzen. In vielen Kalandern ist ohnehin vorgesehen, daß die Walzen auseinandergefahren werden können, so daß alle Nips geöffnet werden, beispielsweise zum Einführen der Papierbahn. Wenn die beiden äußeren Walzenpaare die geschlossenen Nips bilden, dann reicht es zum Schließen der Nips aus, wenn zwei Walzen bewegt werden.The closed nips are preferred by the two outer pairs of rollers formed. This simplifies the Control of the rollers. In many calenders anyway provided that the rollers are moved apart can, so that all nips are opened, for example for inserting the paper web. If the two outer Then roll pairs that form closed nips it is sufficient to close the nips if two rollers be moved.

In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, daß die beiden Endwalzen als Durchbiegeeinstellwalzen ausgebildet sind. Man erreicht damit, daß die beiden geschlossenen Nips mit Druckkräften beaufschlagt werden können, die über die Kräfte hinausgehen, die zum Ausgleich des Eigengewichts der Walzen notwendig sind. Damit wird die Behandlungsmöglichkeit erweitert.In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the two end rollers are designed as deflection adjustment rollers are. It is achieved that the two closed Pressure forces are applied to nips can go beyond the forces to balance of the dead weight of the rollers are necessary. In order to the treatment option is expanded.

Vorzugsweise ist von den die beiden geschlossenen Nips begrenzenden Walzen jeweils mindestens eine angetrieben. Damit ist die Behandlung der Materialbahn in beiden Nips möglich, ohne daß die Materialbahn unzulässig hohen Zugkräften ausgesetzt wird.Of the two closed nips is preferred limiting rollers each driven at least one. This is the treatment of the material web in both Nips possible without the material web being inadmissible is subjected to high tractive forces.

Mit Vorteil weisen alle Walzen einen eigenen Antrieb auf und zumindest die Antriebe der Walzen, die die geöffneten Nips begrenzen, sind einzeln steuerbar. Diese Antriebe können dann, wenn die Nips offen bleiben, stillgesetzt werden, so daß die Walzen nicht mehr mitdrehen.All rollers advantageously have their own drive on and at least the drives of the rollers that open Limit nips can be controlled individually. This Drives can, if the nips remain open, be stopped so that the rollers no longer turn.

Mit Vorteil ist bei einem geschlossenen Nip eine der ihn begrenzenden Walzen im Ständer festgelegt. Auch dies vereinfacht die Steuerung. Zum Erzeugen des geschlossenen Nips muß lediglich die andere Walze herangeführt und gegebenenfalls mit Druck beaufschlagt werden.With a closed nip, one of the advantages is advantageous him limiting rollers set in the stand. Also this simplifies control. To create the closed All nips have to do is move the other roller and possibly pressurized.

Hierbei ist es besonders bevorzugt, daß die festgelegte Walze die oberste Walze ist und die unterste Walze einen Hubantrieb aufweist. Eine derartige Konstruktion ist von herkömmlichen Kalandern her bekannt, bei denen alle Nips dadurch geschlossen werden, daß die unterste Walze angehoben wird und dann nach und nach alle anderen Walzen mitnimmt, bis die zweite Walze von oben die oberste Walze erreicht. Man kann nun mit zwei einfachen Modifikationen einen derartigen Kalander in einen erfindungsgemäßen Kalander umbauen. Hierzu muß lediglich die zweite Walze von unten arretierbar sein und die zweite Walze von oben einen eigenen Hubantrieb aufweisen. Eine derartige Umrüstung ist einfach und kann auch bei bestehenden Kalandern vorgenommen werden. It is particularly preferred that the specified Roller is the top roller and the bottom roller is one Has linear actuator. Such a construction is known from conventional calenders in which all nips are closed by the bottom one Roller is raised and then gradually everyone else Takes the rollers with you until the second roller top roller reached. You can now use two simple ones Modifications of such a calender into an inventive one Convert calender. All you have to do is the second roller can be locked from below and the second roller have their own lifting drive from above. Such a conversion is simple and can also with existing calenders.

Mit Vorteil ist bei mindestens einem geschlossenen Nip eine Walze arretierbar und die andere Walze weist einen Druckgeber auf. Um die Nips zu schließen ist daher nur eine einzige Walzenbewegung notwendig. Die andere Walze wird festgelegt.It is advantageous for at least one closed nip one roller can be locked and the other roller has one Pressure sensor on. To close the nips is therefore only a single roll movement is necessary. The other roller is set.

Hierbei ist besonders bevorzugt, daß der Druckgeber auf ein Ende eines zweiarmigen Hebels wirkt, an dessen anderem Ende die andere Walze angeordnet ist. Hierdurch steht genügend Platz für den Druckgeber zur Verfügung. Die Hebelübersetzung kann noch ausgenutzt werden, um eine geeignete Kraftbeaufschlagung im Nip sicherzustellen.It is particularly preferred that the pressure sensor is on one end of a two-armed lever acts on the other End the other roller is arranged. hereby there is enough space available for the pressure sensor. The leverage can still be used to ensure a suitable force application in the nip.

Vorzugsweise ist die andere Walze als Walze mit Mantelhub ausgebildet. Dies ist eine Möglichkeit, die alternativ oder zusätzlich zu der Verwendung eines Druckgebers am zweiarmigen Hebel gewählt werden kann. Bei einer Walze mit Mantelhub wird der notwendige Druck im Nip dadurch erzeugt, daß der gesamte Walzenmantel verfahren wird.The other roller is preferably a roller with a jacket stroke educated. This is an alternative option or in addition to using a thruster can be selected on the two-armed lever. At a The roller with the jacket stroke will have the necessary pressure in the Nip generated by moving the entire roll shell becomes.

Mit Vorteil sind die beiden geschlossenen Nips als weiche Nips ausgebildet. Man kann dann den Kalander entweder als herkömmlicher Mehrwalzenkalander mit einer Vielzahl von Nips fahren oder als eine Folge von zwei Softkalandern mit jeweils nur einem weichen Walzenspalt.Advantageously, the two closed nips are soft Nips trained. You can then either use the calender than a conventional multi-roll calender with one Variety of nips drive or as a result of two Soft calenders with only one soft nip each.

Vorteilhafterweise ist einer der geöffneten Nips als Wechselspalt ausgebildet. Ein derartiger Wechselspalt ist in einem Kalander notwendig, bei dem alle Walzen in einem Ständer angeordnet sind, aber beide Seiten der Materialbahn gleichartig beaufschlagt werden sollen. Gerade im Wechselspalt, bei dem zwei weiche Walzen aneinander anliegen, sollte ein Leerlaufen aber vermieden werden.One of the opened nips is advantageously as Alternating gap formed. Such an alternating gap is necessary in a calender in which all rolls are in a stand are arranged, but both sides of the Material web should be applied in the same way. Especially in the alternating nip, where two soft rollers come together but should avoid idling become.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand von bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung beschrieben. Hierin zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine erste Ausführungsform eines Kalanders und
Fig. 2
eine zweite Ausführungsform eines Kalanders.
The invention is described below on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing. Show here:
Fig. 1
a first embodiment of a calender and
Fig. 2
a second embodiment of a calender.

Ein Kalander 1 weist in einem Gestell 2 sechs Walzen 3 bis 8 auf, deren Achsen in einer Pressenebene 9 übereinander liegen.A calender 1 has six rollers 3 in a frame 2 to 8, whose axes in a press plane 9 one above the other lie.

Jeweils benachbarte Walzen bilden Nips oder Walzenspalte 10-14. Wenn die Walzen 3-8 auseinandergefahren werden, werden die Nips 10-14 geöffnet. Wenn die Walzen 3-8 zusammengefahren werden, werden die Nips 10-14 geschlossen. Hierzu ist die oberste Walze 3 im Gestell 2 festgelegt, die mittleren Walzen 4-7 sind an Hebeln 15-18 im Gestell 2 aufgehängt und die unterste Walze 8 ist in einem Schlitten 19 im Gestell 2 verfahrbar und wird von einem Hubzylinder 20 angetrieben. Wenn der Hubzylinder 20 abgesenkt wird, dann können die Hebel 15-18 soweit nach unten geschwenkt werden, daß sie auf nicht näher dargestellten Anschlägen aufliegen.Adjacent rolls form nips or nips 10-14. When the rollers 3-8 move apart, the nips 10-14 are opened. If the rollers 3-8 nips 10-14 are closed. For this purpose, the top roller 3 in the frame 2 fixed, the middle rollers 4-7 are on levers 15-18 suspended in frame 2 and the bottom roller 8 is in a carriage 19 in the frame 2 and is movable driven by a lifting cylinder 20. If the lifting cylinder 20 is lowered, then the levers 15-18 be pivoted down so far that they are not on Stop attacks shown in detail.

Diese Betriebsweise eines derartigen Kalanders ist an sich bekannt. In den geschlossenen Nips kann die Materialbahn mit Druck und gegebenenfalls einer erhöhten Temperatur behandelt werden. Hierbei sind die unterste Walze 8 und gegebenenfalls die oberste Walze 3 als Durchbiegungseinstellwalzen ausgebildet. Die Walzen 3, 5, 6 und 8 weisen einen elastischen Oberflächenbezug auf, so daß die Nips 10, 11 und 13, 14 als sogenannte weiche Walzenspalte ausgebildet sind. Der mittlere Nip 12 ist als sogenannter Wechselspalt ausgebildet, d.h. hier liegen zwei weichen Walzen gegenüber. Die Walzen 4 und 7 haben hingegen eine harte Oberfläche.This type of operation of such a calender is on known. The material web can be in the closed nips with pressure and possibly an increased Temperature to be treated. Here are the lowest Roller 8 and optionally the top roller 3 as Deflection adjustment rollers are formed. The rollers 3, 5, 6 and 8 have an elastic surface cover on, so that the nips 10, 11 and 13, 14 as so-called soft nips are formed. The middle nip 12 is designed as a so-called alternating gap, i.e. here are two soft rollers opposite each other. The rollers 4 and 7 have a hard surface.

Ferner sind eine Reihe von Umlenkrollen 22-26 vorgesehen, die zur Führung einer Materialbahn 21 durch den Kalander 1 dienen.A series of deflection rollers 22-26 are also provided, to guide a material web 21 through the Calender 1 serve.

Die Materialbahn 21 kann nun in einer Betriebsweise, die an sich bekannt ist, in allen Nips 10-14 behandelt werden. Sie kann aber auch, wie dies in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist, so behandelt werden, daß sie nur in zwei Nips, nämlich den Nips 10 und 14, behandelt wird.The material web 21 can now, in one mode of operation, which is known per se, treated in all nips 10-14 become. But it can also, as shown in Fig. 1 is to be treated in only two Nips, namely nips 10 and 14, is treated.

Zu diesem Zweck sind die Walzen 3-8 des Kalanders 1 so eingestellt, daß nur die Walzen 3 und 4 gegeneinander gedrückt werden und die Walzen 7 und 8. Dementsprechend sind die Nips 11-13 geöffnet und nur die Nips 10 und 14 geschlossen. Dadurch wird es möglich, daß man die Materialbahn 21 in zwei weichen Nips 10 und 14 so behandeln kann, daß jede Seite der Materialbahn 21 einmal an einer weichen Walze anliegt. Die Umlenkrollen 24 und 26 dienen dazu, die Materialbahn 21 an den Nips 12 und 13 vorbeizuführen. Der Nip 11 wird durchlaufen, ohne daß hier eine Behandlung der Materialbahn erfolgt.For this purpose the rollers 3-8 of the calender 1 are like this set that only the rollers 3 and 4 against each other are pressed and the rollers 7 and 8. Accordingly the nips 11-13 are open and only the nips 10 and 14 closed. This makes it possible for the material web Treat 21 in two soft nips 10 and 14 like this can that each side of the material web 21 once a soft roller. The pulleys 24 and 26 serve the material web 21 on the nips 12 and 13 passing out. The nip 11 is run through without the material web is treated here.

Die Steuerung der Walzen, die zum Schließen der Nips 10 und 14 notwendig ist, erfolgt nun folgendermaßen:The control of the rollers used to close the nips 10 and 14 is now done as follows:

Die oberste Walze 3 ist im Gestell 2 festgelegt. Die zweitoberste Walze 4 ist auf einem Arm eines zweiarmigen Hebels 15 befestigt. Am anderen Arm greift ein Druckgeber 27 an. Wenn der Druckgeber 27, der beispielsweise als Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit ausgebildet sein kann, den Arm des Hebels 15 nach unten bewegt, dann wird die Walze 4 nach oben gegen die Walze 3 gedrückt. Da die oberste Walze 3 als Durchbiegungseinstellwalze ausgebildet ist, kann man die Druckkräfte, die vom Druckgeber 27 erzeugt werden, in relativ weiten Bereichen frei wählen.The top roller 3 is fixed in the frame 2. The second top roller 4 is on one arm of a two-armed Lever 15 attached. Intervenes on the other arm Pressure sensor 27 on. If the pressure sensor 27, for example designed as a piston-cylinder unit can be, the arm of the lever 15 moves down then the roller 4 is pressed up against the roller 3. Since the top roller 3 as a deflection adjustment roller the pressure forces, which are generated by the pressure sensor 27 in relatively wide Select areas freely.

Der Hebel 18, an dem die Walze 7 gelagert ist, wird in der abgesenkten Position, bei der die übrigen Nips 11-13 geöffnet sind, mit Hilfe einer Feststelleinrichtung 28 gegenüber dem Gestell 2 arretiert. Der Nip 14 wird dann dadurch geschlossen, daß der Hubzylinder 20 die unterste Walze 8 anhebt. Da auch die unterste Walze 8 als Durchbiegungseinstellwalze ausgebildet ist, kann man auch hier die Kräfte relativ frei wählen.The lever 18 on which the roller 7 is mounted is in the lowered position at which the remaining nips 11-13 are open with the help of a locking device 28 locked against the frame 2. The nip 14 will then closed in that the lifting cylinder 20 bottom roller 8 lifts. Since the bottom roller 8 is designed as a deflection adjustment roller you can choose the forces here relatively freely.

Alle Walzen 3-8 weisen einen eigenen Antrieb 29-34 auf, wobei zumindest die Antriebe der Walzen 5 und 6 unabhängig von den übrigen Antrieben steuerbar sind. Sie können dann stillgesetzt werden, wenn die Walzen 5 und 6 aufgrund der geöffneten Nips 11 bis 13 beim Behandeln der Materialbahn 21 nicht in Aktion treten müssen.All rollers 3-8 have their own drive 29-34, at least the drives of the rollers 5 and 6 independently can be controlled by the other drives. she can then be stopped when the rollers 5 and 6 due to the opened nips 11 to 13 during treatment the material web 21 does not have to come into action.

In der dargestellten Form kann man mit dem Kalander 1 sowohl eine volle Satinage in fünf Nips 10-14 durchführen, um eine hohe Oberflächengüte zu erzielen, d.h. eine Papierbahn mit hohen Glanz- und Glättewerten zu erzeugen, als auch, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt, die Materialbahn 21 nur in zwei Nips behandeln, so daß eine verminderte Oberflächenqualität erhalten wird, die aber für viele Verwendungszwecke vollkommen ausreicht. Fig. 2 zeigt eine andere Ausgestaltung eines Kalanders 1', bei dem lediglich für den obersten Nip 10 die Schließmechanik geändert wurde.In the form shown, the calender 1 perform a full satin finish in five nips 10-14, to achieve a high surface quality, i.e. a To produce paper web with high gloss and smoothness values, and, as shown in Fig. 1, the material web Treat only in two nips so that one reduced surface quality is obtained, however sufficient for many purposes. Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of a calender 1 ', in which the only for the uppermost nip 10 Locking mechanism was changed.

Hierzu ist die Walze 4 an einem einarmign Hebel 15' angeordnet, der mit Hilfe einer Arretierungseinrichtung 35 in einer bestimmten Winkellage gegenüber dem Gestell 2 gehalten werden kann. Dementsprechend kann die Walze 4 gegenüber dem Gestell 2 in einer bestimmten Position festgelegt werden.For this purpose, the roller 4 is arranged on a single lever 15 ', with the help of a locking device 35 in a certain angular position relative to the frame 2 can be held. Accordingly, the roller 4 relative to the frame 2 in a certain position be determined.

Die oberste Walze 3' ist als Mantelhubwalze ausgebildet. Ihr Mantel kann also auf die Walze 4 abgesenkt werden, um den Nip 10 zu schließen. Im übrigen arbeitet der Kalander 1' genau wie der Kalander 1 nach Fig. 1.The top roller 3 'is designed as a jacketed roller. Your coat can thus be lowered onto the roller 4 to close the nip 10. Otherwise works the calender 1 'exactly like the calender 1 according to FIG. 1.

Die Steuerung der Betriebsweise erfolgt über eine schematisch dargestellte Steuervorrichtung 36, die bei dem Kalander 1 nach Fig. 1 mit dem Hubzylinder 20 und dem Druckkraftgeber 27 sowie der Feststelleinrichtung 28 verbunden ist und deren Arbeitsweise steuert. Beim Kalander 1' nach Fig. 2 ist die Steuervorrichtung 36 mit dem Hubzylinder 20, der Feststelleinrichtung 28, der Arretierungseinrichtung 35 und der Einstelleinrichtung für den Mantelhub der Walze 3' verbunden.The operating mode is controlled schematically shown control device 36, which in the 1 with the lifting cylinder 20 and the Pressure generator 27 and the locking device 28 is connected and controls the way they work. With the calender 1 'according to Fig. 2, the control device 36 with the lifting cylinder 20, the locking device 28, the Locking device 35 and the adjusting device connected for the jacket stroke of the roller 3 '.

Claims (12)

  1. Calender with several rollers, the axes of which are arranged in a pressing plane, wherein in each case adjacent rollers construct a nip between them, and with a control device for opening and closing the nip, characterised in that the rollers (3-8) can be adjusted in such a way that there are at least two open nips (11-13) between two closed nips (10, 14).
  2. Calender according to Claim 1, characterised in that the closed nips (10, 14) are formed by the two outer pairs of rollers (3, 4; 7, 8).
  3. Calender according to Claim 2, characterised in that the two end rollers (3, 8) are constructed as deflection adjusting rollers.
  4. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that in each case at least one of the rollers (3, 4; 7, 8) bordering the two closed nips (10, 14) is driven.
  5. Calender according to Claim 4, characterised in that all the rollers (3-8) have their own drive (29-34) and at least the drives (31, 32) of the rollers (5, 6) bordering the open nips (11-13) are individually controllable.
  6. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that where one nip (10) is closed, one of the rollers (3, 4) bordering it is fixed in the stand.
  7. Calender according to Claim 6, characterised in that the fixed roller (3) is the uppermost roller and the lowest roller (8) has a lift drive (20).
  8. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that where at least one nip (10, 14) is closed, one roller (4, 7) is lockable and the other roller has a pressure transducer (20, 27).
  9. Calender according to Claim 8, characterised in that the pressure transducer (27) acts on one end of a double-armed lever (15), on the other end of which the other roller (4) is mounted.
  10. Calender according to Claim 8 or 9, characterised in that the other roller (3') is constructed as a roller with casing lift.
  11. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the two closed nips (10, 14) are constructed as soft nips.
  12. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that one of the open nips (12) is constructed as an alternating aperture.
EP98110429A 1997-07-10 1998-06-08 Calender Expired - Lifetime EP0890676B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19729531A DE19729531C2 (en) 1997-07-10 1997-07-10 Paper calender
DE19729531 1997-07-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0890676A1 EP0890676A1 (en) 1999-01-13
EP0890676B1 true EP0890676B1 (en) 2002-02-20

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ID=7835261

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EP98110429A Expired - Lifetime EP0890676B1 (en) 1997-07-10 1998-06-08 Calender

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US (1) US6248215B1 (en)
EP (1) EP0890676B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3019210B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100273012B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE213517T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2241211C (en)
DE (2) DE19729531C2 (en)
EA (1) EA000480B1 (en)

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KR100273012B1 (en) 2000-12-01
EP0890676A1 (en) 1999-01-13
DE19729531A1 (en) 1999-01-14
JP3019210B2 (en) 2000-03-13
EA199800598A1 (en) 1999-02-25
CA2241211C (en) 2003-12-02
ATE213517T1 (en) 2002-03-15
CA2241211A1 (en) 1999-01-10
JPH1181183A (en) 1999-03-26
US6248215B1 (en) 2001-06-19
DE59803123D1 (en) 2002-03-28
EA000480B1 (en) 1999-08-26
KR19990013675A (en) 1999-02-25
DE19729531C2 (en) 2002-12-12

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