EP0890009B1 - Door having a weight-balancing device using helical springs - Google Patents

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/DE97/00660 Sec. 371 Date Dec. 7, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Dec. 7, 1998 PCT Filed Apr. 1, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO97/37097 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 9, 1997An overhead garage door arrangement in which a door leaf is moveable between open and closed position, and is installable against a ceiling for sliding up and down or that can be tilted or swung up and down for compensating against the weight of the door, at least one helical spring module is provided with a least two parallel-loaded helical tension springs that are arranged coaxially one within the other, and that are wound in opposite directions. The inner spring has an outside diameter which is smaller than the inside diameter of the outer spring. The oppositely wound coils of the coaxial springs cross each other. The two springs are pushed over a holding element which has a narrower first section for receiving the inner spring, and having a wider second section spaced from the first section for receiving the outer spring. The first and second sections of the holding element have edges with hook-shaped portions for grasping coils of the coaxial springs.

Description

The invention relates to a gate with a between closing and Opening position of the door leaf, which can be moved overhead, e.g. lifting, Ceiling-link, rolling, tilting or swinging gates, and with one end to it Door leaf connected and the other end held stationary Weight compensation device, the one or more coil spring units comprises, or the at least one of at least two loaded in parallel operated coil springs, the inner spring of which is smaller Outer spiral diameter than the inner spiral diameter of the outer one Has spring which are arranged coaxially one inside the other or each other and seen a spring in the same longitudinal direction of the spring axis revolving to the left and their respective neighboring springs coiled to the right is so that the helix of adjacent springs cross.

It is known for weight compensation measures for gates with overhead door leaves that can be moved to take, which make it possible to move towards the door leaf whose movement between the closing and opening movement required Keep strength small. In addition to so-called torsion springs, which have a Weight balancing shaft using ropes to act on the door leaves, too Coil springs are used, both those that are subject to tension as well as those that work under pressure.

Especially when using the latter coil springs Protective measures against the throwing off of spring parts are important Spring breakage can occur, with both protective devices in the form tubular sleeves, which if necessary telescopically when spring loaded can be pushed into each other, as well as those that are caused by the spiral of the each spring encompassed space are guided and thus in case of spring breakage catch spring parts.

In the case of the coil springs encompassed by sleeves, the sleeve diameter is changed by so larger, the larger the diameter of the spring coil, namely in Connection with the spring characteristic that the helix diameter at higher Force absorbing springs is larger than those smaller force to be absorbed.

With tension-loaded coil springs you already have several softer springs in Parallel arrangement instead of a single, correspondingly stronger spring intended; but then every single one of these softer feathers must Parallel arrangement in the course of securing with one encircled by the helix Protective element penetrating space.

With such several weaker springs arranged in parallel next to each other one has the advantage that if one of the springs breaks, the entire one does not immediately open the force exerted on the door leaf is lost. In any case, the space required for the spring unit of certain strength or certain formed from such springs Power storage capacity is relatively large.

A door with the characteristics of the weight compensation device mentioned at the beginning is known from DE 25 14 841 A1; the one described there Helical compression spring arrangement requires one to guide the outer compression spring enveloping cylinder, which prevents the spring from being thrown off even when the spring breaks Spring fractions becomes effective.

The coaxial arrangement of two or more springs makes it possible to in a small space an overall spring characteristic of high energy storage capacity to accommodate, both in comparison with a correspondingly strong, large volume single spring as well as in comparison with several in parallel softer feathers placed side by side. The close assignment of Coaxial interlocking or enveloping springs a special Role that is made possible by the fact that adjacent springs in one and the same Viewed in the opposite direction of the spring axis, they are wound all round, so that the helix of these neighboring feathers cross and therefore in tight Allocation can be brought together without the risk that the coil of one spring into the passages between the coils of the other May engage the spring and thus affect it.

With the invention, the space required for such coil spring devices can be kept lower.

This is achieved in that the coil springs in the direction elastically energy-storing deformation are designed as tension springs and that the ends of the two coaxial springs forming a spring unit at least a common end formed in the course of the spiral and on a common holding element are pushed on, the first the springs facing narrower holding section for receiving the respective inner spring followed by wider ones facing away from the inner spring Holding section for receiving the respective outer spring, which Holding sections on their flanks with barbed ones that are slid on Coil of the springs secured against pulling back protrusions are provided, with as many holding elements on a common support as spring units to be connected are formed.

By using the coaxially assigned coil springs as Tension springs do not require the individual springs to be guided under tensile loads, which is advantageous in terms of space. The inner one serves Spring as a collecting element for fragments of the respective outer spring and conversely, the outer spring as a cylindrical envelope of the inner spring, so that if one of the springs breaks, the other one throws off fragments of the prevented a spring. The tensile coil springs become blunt trained and pushed onto receiving body, such as this is known from EP 0 288 061 B1 or DE 39 24 947 C2.

When using tension springs in horizontal extension they serve each other coaxially assigned Fedem different diameters beyond the mutual bracket against sagging.

In a preferred embodiment, they come into contact with one another Spring coil areas by interposing a sliding layer against friction protected, preferably in that the springs have a high plastic coating Preserve lubricity.

Tension spring units such as those used for one can be used for overhead sectional doors Spring ends can be seen from the accompanying drawings, parallel to the about horizontal track sections in particular laterally outside of these can be arranged. The spring ends facing away from the door leaf are held stationary while the other spring ends over their Recording devices are provided with a role that the rope guide for Serve the introduction of spring forces into the door leaf. In the sense of another Safety enhancement are two parallel ropes alongside each other arranged guide channels of the role and appropriately designed brackets in their end regions, the ropes in one of the end regions over a Rocker are pivotally held on the running rail, so that the Tractive force applied to both ropes evenly distributed.

A staggered view across the expansion or compression path Force-displacement characteristics can be achieved in that not all springs be operated simultaneously over this distance, but that, for example a spring by appropriate spacing of their attack or support element with untensioned or in the unloaded operating state Coil spring unit is held and only in the course of the expansion or Compression of the spring unit after a certain initial distance is applied.

Figur 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht auf die Innenseite eines Deckengliedertorblattes mit der Laufschienenanordnung und angedeuteter Gewichtsausgleichseinrichtung;

Figur 2

eine Seitenansicht und eine Draufsicht auf den horizontalen und abgesenkten bzw. bogenförmigen Verlauf der Laufschieneneinrichtung vom Torblatt aus gesehen bzw. in Draufsicht;

Figur 3

eine Übersicht über unterschiedliche Ausgestaltungen einer oder mehrerer parallelgeschalteter Federeinheiten jeweils aus zwei koaxialen Federn sowie ein schematischer Teilschnitt durch diese Federanordnung;

Figur 4

eine vergrößerte Teildarstellung einer der Ausführungen aus Figur 3 in Seitenansicht und teilgeschnittener Draufsicht;

Figur 5

perspektivische Einzeldarstellungen aus Teilbereichen der Figur 1 in vergrößerter Darstellung.

Preferred embodiments result from the subclaims, in particular in connection with the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing, the following description of which explains the invention in more detail:

Figure 1

a perspective view of the inside of a ceiling link door leaf with the track arrangement and indicated weight compensation device;

Figure 2

a side view and a plan view of the horizontal and lowered or arcuate course of the track device seen from the door leaf or in plan view;

Figure 3

an overview of different configurations of one or more parallel spring units each consisting of two coaxial springs and a schematic partial section through this spring arrangement;

Figure 4

an enlarged partial view of one of the embodiments of Figure 3 in side view and partially sectioned plan view;

Figure 5

perspective individual representations from partial areas of Figure 1 in an enlarged view.

The sectional gate shown schematically in Figure 1 has a door leaf from a series of panels 10, the uppermost in the closed position 10 'and bottom 10 "differ from the other panels. With one exception of the top panel 10 'are the other panels in a known manner by means of rollers 11 in so-called first tracks, each of which is horizontal Section 12, an arcuate section 12 'and a vertical section guided on both sides of the door leaf, while the top panel 10 'with in its upper edge region 13 rollers 11 arranged on both sides in second Running rails each made up of a horizontal section 14, one for opening the gate seen lowered section 14 'and ending in an angled Section 14 "are included.

This version with second tracks is also known. The gate is with a weight balancing device 15 provided from coil tension springs and associated cables, as is also known in principle is such that there is one for each horizontal section of the running rails Tension spring extends parallel to it, which is held inside the building and the door leaf is connected to a pulley around which a rope is led around one end in the lower edge area of the lowest panels and other end stationary - in the broader sense on frame-fixed Share - is set. The present embodiment shows the Arrangement of a tension spring device on each of the opposite Side portions of the horizontal track sections 12 and 14 such that this coil spring device the space above and below the practically do not claim assigned tracks. The side The space required for the coil tension spring devices is kept small, that these consist of coil spring units 16, of which - in Adaptation to the power requirement or the door leaf weight and Fall protection in the event of spring breakage - preferably several in parallel are arranged one below the other. Each spring unit consists of two Individuals arranged coaxially one inside the other or around one another Coil springs, their inner 17 and their associated outer 18 in one and seen the same Federachsrichtung in different direction of rotation are coiled so that when viewed perpendicular to the direction of the spring axis, the coil of the two feathers cross at an acute angle, as shown in the figures 3 and 4 can be seen more precisely.

Each of one or more spring units 16 connected in parallel existing tension spring devices per horizontal track section are in the area fixed to the building, namely in the area facing away from the gate opening End region of the horizontal rails 12, 14 held - Figure 5 - and point at its combined gate opening end a deflection roller in Form of a pair of rollers 25 or a roller with two parallel guide grooves on, over which two ropes 21 are guided, which run parallel to their respective Ends practically at the same facilities, namely on the one hand a common setting point 22 of known design in the lower Edge area 23 of the lowest panel 10 "in the closed position and stationary in the end area of the horizontal running rails 12, 14 near the gate opening, are set. The ropes between the pair of guide rollers 25 and the fixing point 22 on the door leaf side, in each case via a conversion roller 24 led to the change in position of the set point with the movement of the Door leaf opposite the constant spring axis direction of the spring units compensate.

To clarify the arrangement of the spring units 16 in spatial assignment the horizontal running track sections 12, 14 are shown in FIG. 2 pointed out, in which schematically the spring units of two coaxially arranged coil springs of opposite winding and the Course of the guidance of the two parallel ropes per spring device are reproduced. From these figures - side view schematized in the middle - is the shape or spatial allocation between the horizontal Track sections 14 and 15 and a coil spring device can be seen from two spring units 16 arranged one below the other. The by interrupting the side view in the horizontal track area obtained representation space shows a section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction the running rails. Furthermore, from Figure 2 - side view - inside the building End region of the horizontal track section 14 a punch hole row 40 can be seen that with one at the inside of the building of the spring units 16 fastened armature 37 cooperates, as is also shown in FIG. 5 is explained.

FIG. 3 shows, in a kind of exploded view, three embodiments of tension spring devices, as on the side areas of the horizontal track sections 12 and 14 are arranged, in different Designs, namely with a single spring unit 16, with two and with three spring units 16 arranged parallel to one another, each of which consists of two coaxially arranged springs 17 and 18, the longitudinal central region is shown abbreviated. The respective version with one, two or three spring units are assigned on both sides to supports 30 with roller holders 35, 36 and anchor 37 are reproduced with flags 38, 39, depending on the number provided Spring units 16 by a corresponding number of holding elements 31, 31 ', 31 "are adapted, as shown in the figure without reveals more. Among the different versions in side view a corresponding top view is shown. The connections of the Springs of the spring units on the holding elements is related to Figure 4 explained in more detail.

Figure 3 below shows a section of the longitudinal profile of a spring unit from two coaxial springs, namely an inner spring 17 and one of these surrounding outer spring 18. As indicated, the two springs are 17th and 18 in one and the same direction of the spring axis 29 in opposite directions Direction coiled all the way around, i.e. the spring coil 20 of the two springs 17th and 18 cross each other at an acute angle. The inner spring 17 has a smaller one Outer diameter Da than the inner diameter Di of the outer spring 18 is tall. This allows the springs to move independently of one another without spiral sections of one spring at intervals between adjacent ones The spiral sections of the other spring engage, although the Diameter difference Di - Because it can be kept small. To say a holiday between adjacent areas of the spring coils 20, a low-friction umbrella can be provided in these sections, for example by im limited to the neighboring areas of the helix Cross-section of trough-shaped strapping of the helix or through its wrapping from a suitably insensitive to frictional stress Plastic.

FIG. 4 shows the example of the pair of deflecting rollers 25 assigned End area of a tension coil device consisting of three spring units 16 the connection of the springs of these units via a summarizing Carrier 30. The flat carrier 30 has three spring units facing striving holding elements 31, 31 'and 31 "provided in lie on one level and each have a narrower holding section 32 and one between this broader holding section 33 and the carrier 30 exhibit. How to recognize both side view and top view in Figure 4 let, the outer spring 18 of the spring unit 16 in question is the has a larger diameter than the inner spring 17, up to the close range of the carrier pushed onto the wider holding section 33 in such a way that the pushed-on helical region 19 barbed projections 34th engages behind on the flanks 47 of the holding section and is thus pushed on but can be secured against being pulled off. In the same way the inner spring 17 of smaller diameter on the projecting further against it narrower holding section 32 of the associated holding element pushed out and secured, the 180 ° between the flanks formed from projections 34 in both sections 32 and 33 and depressions 48 reveals that the outer spring 18 and the inner Spring 17 have opposite winding sense.

On the support area facing away from the holding elements 31 ... is a roll holder 35 from a cheek bearing integral with the carrier 30 and a Camp counterpart 36 formed, the latter by hanging with the Beam 30 is connected as shown in plan view; the two parts 35 and 36 are held together by a hollow rivet, which is also the axis for represents the deflection roller formed as a pair of deflection rollers 25.

FIG. 5 shows a series of individual representations from FIG. 1 in enlarged form Representation, namely Figure 5a the formation of variable length building-side definition of the symbolically represented by a spring Tension spring device consisting of one or more parallel to each other arranged spring units 16, at the end of the building inside an anchor 37 is connected as shown in Figure 3. The Anchor 37 can optionally be inserted into one of the holes in a row of punched holes 40, with a flag 39 striving in the direction of the spring, which at Insertion in a punch hole under the action of the spring 16 in a rear grip device with the wall of the horizontal track section 14. One in In the opposite direction of the flag 39, the flag 38 is designed to brace the spring is drilled with one of the 39 penetrated punching hole adjacent punching hole to cover comes when the grip behind the first flag has taken 38 place. Through this punch hole and the hole in the flag 38 is a Safety bolt guided; these processes are in Figures 5a, 5b and 5c played. The handling of the anchor 37 in the manner described serves a hook 46 formed on this.

FIG. 5d shows the stationary mounting of the ends of the two on the gate opening side parallel ropes 21 per door leaf side. The thickened rope ends 44 are included in suspension training 43, preferably in the manner of a Bouwden closure, in which position under the force of the associated Deflection roller 25 attacking spring units are held. This as Fixing configurations designed for hangings are on a rocker 41 provided which is pivotable about an axis 42, so that differences in length between the two ropes 21 by pivoting the rocker with the Result of equal load distribution can be balanced. In the interest of one The compensation training 43 on both sides of the Axle 42 is provided further apart from the deflection roller pair 25 than that Axis 42. In the sense of a variable-length training of these fixed The rocker 41 is in an opening extending in the longitudinal direction of the bracket Track section 14 extending opening row 45 optionally can be used so that adjustments with regard to the spring force to be set Adaptation to given rope lengths and to age-related changes of these values becomes possible.

The remaining Figures 5e and 5f show the arrangement of the loops trained other ends of the cables 21 at a fixing point 22 in Lower edge area 23 of the lowest panel 10 "as well as position and function the converter roller 24 in the area of the barrel section near the building 14 or 14 '.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10, 10 ', 10 "

Door leaf with the top and bottom panel

11

roll

12, 12 ', 12 "

first runners - horizontal, arched, vertical section

13

Top edge area of the top panel

14, 14 ', 14 "

second tracks - horizontal, lowered, angled sections

15

Weight balancer

16

Tension spring unit = spring unit

17

inner spring

18

outer spring

19

slipped helical area

20

spring coil

21

ropes

22

Location points

23

lower edge area of the lower panel

24

Umrichtrollen

25

Umlenkrollenpaare

26

stationary mounting of the ropes

27

Side areas of the horizontal track sections

28

definition of the spring units on the building side

29

spring axis

30

carrier

31, 31 ', 31 "

retaining elements

32

Holding sections - narrower

33

Holding sections - wider

34

projections

35

roll holder

36

Roll holder - counterpart

37

anchor

38

longer flag

39

shorter flag

40

Punch row

41

seesaw

42

axis

43

Fixed training = suspension training

44

thickened rope ends

45

opening series

46

Yoke

47

flanks

48

wells

di

Wendel inner diameter

There

Wendel external diameter

Claims (5)

1. A door with a door leaf (10; 60) which can be moved overhead between a closed and an open position, for example a lifting door, a sectional up-and-over door, a roller door, a tilting door or a swing-door, and with a weight compensation apparatus (15) connected to one end of the door leaf (10) and fixed at the other end, including one or more helical spring units (16; 50) which comprise at least two parallel-loaded helical springs (17, 18; 51, 52), the respective inner spring (17; 50) of which has a smaller coil external diameter (Da) than the coil internal diameter (Di) of the respective outer spring (18; 52), which are disposed coaxially within one another, or embracing one another, and where seen in the longitudinal direction of the spring, one spring is coiled anticlockwise and its respective adjacent spring is coiled clockwise so that the coils (20) of adjacent springs (17, 18; 51, 52) cross, characterised in that the helical springs (17, 18) are configured as tension springs in the direction of force-saving deformation, and that the ends of the two coaxial springs (17, 18) which form the one spring unit (16) are configured to end in at least one common end in the course of the coils and are pushed onto a common holding element (31), which has a first narrower holding section (32), facing the springs, to receive the respective interior spring (17) and a wider holding section (33), facing away from the interior spring, to receive the respective external spring (18), these holding sections being provided on their sides with barb-shaped projections (34) which, secured against removal, engage behind the pushed-on coils (19) of the springs (17, 18), wherein there are an equal number of holding elements (31, 31', 31") and spring units (16), to which they are to be connected, on a common carrier (30).
2. A door according to claim 1, characterised in that the springs (17, 18; 51, 52) are configured to be low-friction, at least on their facing coil surfaces.
3. A door according to claim 2, characterised in that the spring coils (20) are provided with a plastic coating.
4. A door according to claim 1, characterised in that the holding element (31, 31', 31'') is configured in its area remote from the holding sections (32, 33) as a roller holder (35) for the return roller (25) or as an anchor (37) for fixing to the associated rail (12).
5. A door according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the springs of a helical spring unit are operated with different expansion and compression strokes.

Images