EP0883740A1 - Internal combustion engine and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents
Internal combustion engine and method for manufacturing sameInfo
- Publication number
- EP0883740A1 EP0883740A1 EP97952912A EP97952912A EP0883740A1 EP 0883740 A1 EP0883740 A1 EP 0883740A1 EP 97952912 A EP97952912 A EP 97952912A EP 97952912 A EP97952912 A EP 97952912A EP 0883740 A1 EP0883740 A1 EP 0883740A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- housing
- internal combustion
- shells
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
- F02F7/0043—Arrangements of mechanical drive elements
- F02F7/0058—Longitudinally or transversely separable crankcases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine, in particular a multi-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine with a split cast housing consisting of two half-shells, which are clamped together by fastening bolts, the plane of division extending in the direction of the crankshaft and cylinder axis, and a method for their production.
- DE 2718162 AI describes an air-cooled single-cylinder, two-stroke internal combustion engine consisting of a cylinder with at least outlet and overflow channels, a two-part housing and a crankshaft mounted in the housing.
- the housing is designed in the direction of the cylinder extension divided over the upper edge of the exhaust port.
- the division plane runs through the crankshaft bearing and through the cylinder axis.
- Cylinder and cylinder head are made in one piece as a die-cast part; cooling fins are formed on the cylinder head above the cylinder.
- US Pat. No. 4763619 discloses a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine with a split engine block cast construction, the parting plane passing through the crankshaft bearing and the cylinder axes.
- the two halves of the motor are connected to each other by bolts that run through the entire housing.
- the cylinder liners are made in one piece with a cylinder head as a casting and are positively connected to the engine halves by a clamping device.
- the intermediate Coolant flows through the space between the engine block and the cylinder liners.
- the cylinder heads cast in one piece with the cylinder liners form a complicated molded part which can only be produced with great effort using cores.
- the cylinder heads must also be particularly stable, since they protrude far beyond the housing.
- Another disadvantage of the one-piece construction is that the entire cylinder liner / cylinder head component must be replaced when repairs are carried out, even if only one socket or part of the cylinder head is damaged.
- US Pat. No. 5429080 describes an internal combustion engine in which two housing halves are connected to one another, into each of which a cylinder liner and a cylinder cover are inserted.
- the cylinder covers have valve guides and inlet and outlet channels and protrude from the upper part of the housing.
- the division plane of the housing halves runs parallel to the cylinder axis direction and perpendicular to the crankshaft axis, which in the case of a Multi-cylinder internal combustion engine leads to a plurality of partial half-shells, which are each assembled into single-cylinder modules and these, in turn, to form an engine block, the sealing effort being correspondingly large.
- the cylinder covers projecting over the housing require a correspondingly massive design for reasons of skill.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a compact multi-cylinder internal combustion engine which can be produced inexpensively from a few castings, is simple to manufacture and is also easy to maintain and repair.
- An internal combustion engine according to the invention has separate cylinder liners as an insert in the recesses in the cast half-shells provided for this purpose, each of which is sealed at its head end by a separate cylinder cover 1 provided with a peripheral edge or collar, the cylinder cover being completely sealed with its edge, e.g. with the top edge of the housing clamped between the half shells.
- the structural design of the housing half-shells results in a small depth of form, and the internal combustion engine according to the invention can thus be produced inexpensively from two housing halves, for example made of light metal by die-casting.
- cylinder liners and cylinder covers contributes to the compact design.
- the use of separate cylinder liners and cylinder covers promotes cost-effective production and simple assembly.
- this has the advantage that each cylinder cover can be easily replaced individually, for example if the valve seats are damaged.
- This concept therefore has considerable advantages over the conventional full block cylinder heads on liquid-cooled engines.
- the less frequently exchanged cylinder liners are easily accessible by removing one half of the shell.
- Cylinder liners and cylinder covers are framed in the housing such that only the valve stems and the stem of the injection device protrude beyond the housing half-shells. In this way, the risk of damage to the cylinder liner or the cylinder cover due to external influences is advantageously minimized.
- the cylinder liners can be made, for example, of gray cast iron using the centrifugal casting method or by spray compacting from AlSi material.
- the cylinder covers each have an inlet and outlet valve and an injection device.
- the required passages and openings can either be machined afterwards or made directly during casting.
- an advantageous embodiment provides that the covers each have an inlet and outlet opening in their edge region.
- the lateral arrangement of the inlet and outlet openings allows that the cylinder cover form a complete compact assembly with valves, valve seats and inlet and outlet channels, the inlet and outlet openings being brought into sealing connection with corresponding housing parts during assembly and the cylinder cover sealingly seated on the cylinder liner.
- inlet and outlet channels each run laterally through the half-shells.
- inlet and exhaust connections are easily placed on side flanges on the outer sides of the housing half-shells.
- the internal combustion engine advantageously has lubricant and coolant channels in the housing halves in order to ensure adequate cooling and lubrication during operation.
- the coolant can be water, oil or any other fluid suitable for cooling.
- channels for supplying lubricant and / or coolant are formed by one or more prefabricated pipe systems which are each cast into the two half-shells. This advantageously contributes to the rational production of the motor housing, since the otherwise complicated and expensive post-processing of the cast parts by drilling coolant and lubricant channels is eliminated.
- An advantageous method for the die-casting production of an engine housing, which is divided in two in the direction of the crankshaft, for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine has the following method steps: Creation of pipe systems for the formation of the channels for the gas flow and the lubricant and coolant supply in the housing parts, insertion of the pipe systems into the die-casting molds for the housing parts,
- the casting process is radically simplified in that the depth of demolding of the two cast shells is considerably less than in comparison with the conventional gray cast iron housings.
- the introduction of prefabricated pipe systems into the die-casting mold saves additional post-processing, since the machining of channels for lubricant and / or coolant supply is largely eliminated.
- the tubes can serve as tie rods for the distribution of the ignition pressures and the adhesion to the main bearing.
- An advantageous casting process is the aluminum die casting process. By arranging the parting plane in the direction of the crankshaft and cylinder axis, a multi-cylinder engine can be produced in a simple manner from two flat half-shells.
- the cylinder liners are preferably manufactured as cast iron liners using the centrifugal casting method. It is also possible to use ceramic cylinder liners.
- the cylinder covers are expediently in the form of circular disks. In addition to the and outlet channels and the valve seats and the plunger springs on an opening for the injector and quick start glow plug. The cylinder covers can be pre-assembled between the half shells.
- crankshaft which is inserted into a half-shell with the connecting rods and pistons mounted thereon and cylinder liners fitted thereon with associated seals, and is supported by interaction with the other half-shell.
- the two half-shells are clamped together using bolts that run across the motor housing.
- the tensioning anchors for bracing the two half-shells with one another are advantageously screwed into cast-in pipes, the remaining annular space being usable for the supply of pressure oil. In this way, inexpensive manufacture is possible and maintenance is additionally facilitated in that access to the built-in parts of the motor is possible by simply opening one half of the housing.
- Figure 1 is an exploded view of a multi-cylinder four-stroke engine according to the invention.
- Figure 3 is a section through a cylinder according to the invention transverse to the plane of division of the engine.
- FIG. 5 shows detail V from FIG. 4;
- Fig. 6 is a partially sectioned plan view of a cylinder.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic exploded view of a four-cylinder engine according to the invention.
- This has two light metal housing halves la, lb, the parting plane of which extends in the assembled state along the crankshaft axis and the cylinder axes.
- the recesses in the housing halves la, lb for receiving the cylinder liners 2 have support ribs 3, between which coolant flows.
- the cavities for receiving the cylinder liners 2 paragraphs 4 which extend transversely to the cylinder axis.
- the paragraphs 4 serve to accommodate the sleeve collar 19 of the cylinder liner 2 in the installed state.
- the split bearing seats 5 for receiving the crankshaft bearing are shown in the housing half-shells 1a, 1b.
- the passages 6 for the tensioning anchors for bracing the half-shells are also shown. Furthermore, through holes 17 are arranged on the housing webs 18 between the individual cylinder chambers. These are used to exchange lubricating oil and to vent the housing.
- the crankshaft 7 with the connecting rods 8 and the pistons 9 is shown between the two housing half shells 1 a, 1 b. Furthermore, the cylinder covers 10 with the valve tappet springs 11 and the injection nozzles 12 and the inlet / outlet openings 13 are shown between the housing half-shells 1a, 1b.
- the cylinder cover 10 has a jacket-shaped edge 14, the width of which extends over the inlet or outlet opening 13 and which is fully absorbed by the housing halves 1a, 1b and pressed to tension.
- the or outlet openings 13 of the cylinder cover 10 are assigned to channels 15 in the housing half-shells. Openings 16 of the lubricant channels are each arranged on the upper side of the housing shell. At the same time, these serve as screwing points for the camshaft bearing, which also serves to brace the cylinder cover 10.
- the flywheel housing 100 and the flywheel 101 are arranged on the end face of the housing.
- the sealing of the two housing halves la, lb is carried out metallically by bracing them together or by gluing with surface sealant of the two housing halves and bracing them together.
- Fig. 2 shows a cross section through a motor housing at the level of a housing web 18 of the two housing halves la, lb.
- the cast-in pipes 20 for supplying lubricating oil to the top arranged engine parts can be seen therein.
- the tubes are supplied from the bearings 5, which run parallel to the parting plane and are inserted into the shape of the housing halves during the casting process.
- the bearings 5 are supplied by a pinched oil supply line 103, which itself is connected directly after the oil pump and the oil filter.
- the line 103 lies above the ventilation through hole 17 and is connected to the bearing 5 via line 104.
- the housing halves la, lb are screwed together by means of a cylinder screw 24 and a nut 23.
- This carries a sleeve 25 and on both sides an O-ring 102, which serve for sealing, since the screw connection goes through the coolant jacket.
- the camshaft bearing B ⁇ cke 27 attached, which also serve to brace the cylinder cover.
- the screws 26 are screwed into the internal thread of the tubes 20.
- the tubes 20 are also used for oil transport up to the cylinder covers and camshaft bearings.
- the tubes 20 are supplied with pressure oil from the bearings 5 via the connecting bores 28.
- the centering pin 29 and the ventilation through hole 17 can be seen in FIG. 2. The latter serves to connect the cylinder chambers and enables the chambers to be vented.
- the level of the oil sump lies above the lower edge of the through hole 17.
- Fig. 3 shows a section through a cylinder according to the present invention.
- This shows the piston 9 arranged in the cylinder liner 2 with the connecting rod 8.
- the cylinder liner 2 is clamped between the housing half-shells la, lb and lies in the middle area on the support ribs. It is sealed in its lower area by an annular seal 30. Cavities 31 for cooling the cylinder liner are provided between the support ribs and the housing.
- the coolant is supplied via the pipe 32 and the sleeve 33 and removed via the channel 38.
- the cylinder liner 2 has a circumferential sleeve collar 19 which is seated on the shoulder 4.
- the head end of the cylinder liner 2 is covered by the cylinder cover 10, which is tightly clamped against the cylinder liner 2.
- the inlet channel 35 and the outlet channel 34 are provided, the position of the valve seat of the inlet valve being indicated only by dashed lines, since this is located in front of the cutting plane.
- the injection unit (pump nozzle) 37 is arranged in outlet valves 36a, 36b.
- the cylinder cover is also surrounded by coolant through the channels 38 and is sealed in its upper region by the seal 39 and by the seals 301 and 302 at the inlet and outlet openings 13a, 13b.
- Fig. 4 shows a further section through the cylinder in the direction of the division plane.
- the piston 9 and the connecting rod 8 as well as the clamping bolts 24 and 22, the centering bolt 29 and the sealing ring 30 are shown.
- a cord seal 40 is inserted between the housing halves.
- the support ribs 3 protrude, which give the cylinder liner 2 lateral support.
- a recess 41 for the coolant flow is provided below the support ribs 3.
- the cylinder cover 10 is arranged above the cylinder liner 2 and clamped tightly with it.
- the valves 36a, 36b are connected to outlet and inlet channels 34, 35, the inlet opening 13a being indicated by dashed lines.
- the sleeves 25 and O-rings 102 which surround the cylinder screw 24, serve to seal between the coolant space and the oil-carrying space in the cast-in tubes 20.
- the cylinder cover 10 has lateral recesses 43 which partially accommodate the sleeves 25 and O-rings 102.
- FIG. 5 shows detail V from FIG. 4, which shows the transition from the cylinder liner 2 to the cylinder cover 10, a support rib 3 with shoulder 4 and the sleeve collar 19 of the cylinder liner 2 being shown.
- the power flow takes place from the
- a metallic ring seal 50 for water and gas sealing is provided between the cylinder cover 10 and the cylinder liner 2, and two sheet metal strips 51 and 51a, which are cut against one another and inserted against one another, are inserted as an additional fuel gas seal.
- the metal strips 51 and 51a are held by a sleeve collar 52 of the cylinder liner 2.
- the tapes are pressed against the wall by the compression and ignition pressure and seal the gaps against fuel gases.
- Fig. 6 shows a plan view of a cylinder with a cylinder cover 10 which is cut at the level of the outlet and inlet channels 34, 35.
- the opening 63 for the injection valve is shown between the valve openings 61, 62.
- the camshaft bearing blocks 27, which serve to brace the cylinder cover, and the sleeves 25 are shown in broken lines, since they are shown in a different plane.
- the rocker arm 64 for valve actuation is indicated in dashed lines.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19652049A DE19652049C1 (en) | 1996-12-13 | 1996-12-13 | Internal combustion engine and process for its manufacture |
DE19652049 | 1996-12-13 | ||
PCT/EP1997/006914 WO1998026171A1 (en) | 1996-12-13 | 1997-12-11 | Internal combustion engine and method for manufacturing same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0883740A1 true EP0883740A1 (en) | 1998-12-16 |
EP0883740B1 EP0883740B1 (en) | 2002-03-27 |
Family
ID=7814709
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97952912A Expired - Lifetime EP0883740B1 (en) | 1996-12-13 | 1997-12-11 | Internal combustion engine and method for manufacturing same |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6076494A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0883740B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2000505858A (en) |
DE (2) | DE19652049C1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998026171A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10037748C1 (en) * | 2000-08-02 | 2001-11-15 | Hatz Motoren | Cylinder cover seal, for four stroke diesel engine, is ring seal and is arranged between annular face of cylinder liner and cylinder cover and has drainage channel opening inside ring seal |
JP2003074408A (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Cylinder block of plural cylinder engine |
US6877494B2 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2005-04-12 | Pearson Motor Company Limited | Lightweight four-stroke engine |
EP1570167B1 (en) * | 2002-11-26 | 2009-02-25 | Fritz Winter Eisengiesserei GmbH & Co. KG | Cast part for an internal combustion engine |
DE102004032904B4 (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2006-06-14 | Motorenfabrik Hatz Gmbh & Co Kg | Sealing system for a shared cast iron internal combustion engine |
DE102006004205B3 (en) * | 2006-01-25 | 2007-06-06 | Motorenfabrik Hatz Gmbh & Co Kg | Single or multi-cylinder internal-combustion engine, has two water spaces formed at each cylinder head flowing radial in outer peripheral surface and are connected by cylinder head |
US7814879B2 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2010-10-19 | Techtronic Outdoor Products Technology Limited | Monolithic block and valve train for a four-stroke engine |
FR2942732B1 (en) * | 2009-03-04 | 2011-03-18 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | BIMARY DEVICE, CASING AND VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH SAID DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE DEVICE |
US9057340B2 (en) | 2010-12-29 | 2015-06-16 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Cylinder block assembly |
JP5579106B2 (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2014-08-27 | Tpr株式会社 | Support member |
JP2013027936A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-02-07 | Tpr Co Ltd | Support member |
AT514076B1 (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2014-10-15 | Steyr Motors Gmbh | Motor housing of an internal combustion engine and thus equipped internal combustion engine |
US9435290B2 (en) | 2014-08-04 | 2016-09-06 | Achates Power, Inc. | Opposed-piston engine structure with a split cylinder block |
US9970385B2 (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2018-05-15 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Composite cylinder block for an engine |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2491630A (en) * | 1946-08-05 | 1949-12-20 | Compact Power Products Inc | Engine constructed of sections bolted together along vertical plane to form an entire head, block, and crankcase thereof |
DE841526C (en) * | 1948-10-01 | 1952-06-16 | Suedwerke Motoren Und Kraftwag | Air-cooled multi-cylinder internal combustion engine |
FR996390A (en) * | 1948-10-01 | 1951-12-18 | Su Dwerke G M B H | Air-cooled multi-cylinder internal combustion engine |
FR1228437A (en) * | 1958-04-08 | 1960-08-29 | Engineering Res & Applic Ltd | Internal combustion engine cylinder block and crankcase |
FR1233016A (en) * | 1959-04-27 | 1960-10-12 | Further training in the construction of piston machines | |
DE1993272U (en) * | 1966-12-24 | 1968-09-05 | Fichtel & Sachs Ag | PISTON ENGINE WITH CYLINDER DIVIDED IN THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS. |
GB1565799A (en) * | 1976-11-01 | 1980-04-23 | Wood J | Internal combustion engine body construction |
DE2718162A1 (en) * | 1977-04-23 | 1978-11-02 | Fichtel & Sachs Ag | Single cylinder two stroke engine - has one piece cast head and cylinder with two part crankcase with cast transfer channels |
DE3465758D1 (en) * | 1983-12-02 | 1987-10-08 | Austin Rover Group | Internal combustion engine |
US4699100A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1987-10-13 | Ford Motor Company | Chamber construction for internal combustion engine |
DE3603674A1 (en) * | 1986-02-06 | 1987-08-13 | Porsche Ag | MULTI-CYLINDER COMBUSTION ENGINE |
US4763619A (en) * | 1987-04-02 | 1988-08-16 | Eitel Jay M | Multicylinder internal combustion engine utilizing split block with unitized cylinder head and liner |
US5429080A (en) * | 1993-12-13 | 1995-07-04 | Evestar Technologies, Inc. | Compact internal combustion engine |
-
1996
- 1996-12-13 DE DE19652049A patent/DE19652049C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-12-11 US US09/125,304 patent/US6076494A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-12-11 DE DE59706764T patent/DE59706764D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-11 JP JP10526223A patent/JP2000505858A/en active Pending
- 1997-12-11 WO PCT/EP1997/006914 patent/WO1998026171A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-12-11 EP EP97952912A patent/EP0883740B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9826171A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1998026171A1 (en) | 1998-06-18 |
EP0883740B1 (en) | 2002-03-27 |
US6076494A (en) | 2000-06-20 |
JP2000505858A (en) | 2000-05-16 |
DE19652049C1 (en) | 1998-07-02 |
DE59706764D1 (en) | 2002-05-02 |
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