EP0881339A1 - Remaining fastening arrangement for safety-roof anchors - Google Patents

Abstract

The permanent anchoring device for a rafter (3) comprises a fixing piece (1) and a safety hook (2). The fixing piece is constituted by two plates (1B) arranged at right angles. The first plate is applied against the lateral face of the rafter by means of a clamping part passing through the plate. The second plate overhangs the rafter and comprises an elongated slot (10) with longitudinal axis (Y) perpendicular to the rafter longitudinal axis (Z). The slot receives a fixing part of the hook. The first plate also has a web extending under the second plate to ensure stiffening of the assembly.

Description

The present invention relates to an anchoring device permanent, on a structural element such as a rafter, of a construction for anchoring or hanging, in a manner not one or more security devices such as scaffolding, nacelle, ladder, platform, harness security or others, said device being of the type comprising a fixing part on the frame element and a safety hook on which is anchored or hung the safety device.

Work on the roof, especially when the roof presents a steep slope, has always posed problems in safety matter whether for the making of said roof or for its repair. Safety standards require today to have scaffolding or safety platforms or ladders or harnesses allowing the roofer to work in completely safe with no risk of falling and no risk damage to the roof itself.

We know for this purpose a safety hook attached to a structural element, in particular a rafter, for the attachment of at least one safety device. This hook has an elongated body intended to come apply by friction on the upper face of the structural element to which it is subjected by a fixing member. Preferably, this hook is made so as to present an anchor point of a device of safety which favors the work in shearing of the fastening member of said hook on the element of frame rather than tearing when exercising a tensile force on said hook, for example when fall of a roofer.

However, in the case of the use of elements of roofing such as round tiles or type tiles channel or corrugated iron to form a roof, the curved portion of said cover member may surround a frame chevron. It is therefore not possible to position an anchoring device, for example of the type of safety hook mentioned above.

It is therefore advisable to deport the safety hook to allow the positioning of said hook in a hollow of the cover element in order to be able to use subsequent to at least partial masking of the device anchoring by installing a new cover element.

Thus, in order to offset the positioning of a hook security, we proposed to nail a piece of wood between two rafters of the frame and then fix on this insert the safety hook at one location corresponding to a wave trough of an element of the blanket. Such an anchoring device is however not very reliable due to the method of fixing the piece of wood and of the safety hook and therefore has a safety scaled down.

Other more reliable solutions but also more complexes have been proposed. Thus, the patent DE-A-3,314,855 describes a fastening piece for a hook safety substantially L-shaped. fixing consists of a first plate intended for come to apply on the lateral face of the rafter and a second plate intended to come preferably applied on the underside of said chevron. Fixing this rafter fixing piece is done by nails intended to pass through the plate and the underside or above the rafter. Therefore, when positioning the hook by introducing its free end to the interior of an orifice made in this plate, everything risk of tearing off the nails during exerted traction cannot be removed from the safety hook. In Consequently, such a device has two drawbacks major. On the one hand, it requires the installation of a large number of nails to allow the fixing of the fixing piece to the building element on the other hand it cannot guarantee with certainty that a tearing under the effect of a tensile force exerted on said hook security will not happen.

Other solutions are also offered through German patents DE-A-2,813,596 and DE-A-3,306,701. The anchoring devices described in these documents are based always on a principle of at least partial envelopment chevron. Indeed, in patent DE-A-3,306,701, the anchor device consists of two parts substantially L-shaped with vertical branches are intended to be applied each against one of the faces side of the rafter, while the horizontal branches come at least partially overlapped and are joined to each other by means of a appropriate tightening. As the figures clearly show of this document, the decks again require to their attachment to the building element the installation of a large number of nails. Furthermore, the mounting of such fastener is tedious because it is necessary ensure, depending on the thickness of the rafter, the adjustment of the relative positioning of the two plates. A times these two plates assembled, it then becomes possible to fasten again by bolting the hook safety on the fixing part. Considering the time of mounting required for fixing such a device no guarantee that the user will use actually such a device or that such a device will be assembled in the rules of art.

Patent DE-A-2,813,596 describes a device anchor including the attachment piece to the rafter element again consists of two L-shaped plates. The horizontal branches of each of the plates are intended for partial recovery and include each at least one oblong light to allow the joining said branches together. Branches vertical said plates are intended for come to apply against the side faces of the element chevron. Again, the mounting of such a piece of fixing is tedious because it requires first time to define the relative positioning of the different components of the fastening part before ability to secure safety hook.

An object of the present invention is therefore to propose a anchoring device comprising a fixing part on a structural element, such as a rafter and a hook security, said anchoring device allowing on the one hand easy and quick positioning of the fixing piece on the frame element and on the other hand a positioning of the adjustable safety hook with respect to cover elements to allow positioning of the latter in a hollow of the cover.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a anchoring device whose design allows, despite a quick and easy installation, eliminating any risk of tearing from the whole.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a anchoring device, the installation of which is done either left or right of said structural element.

To this end, the invention relates to a device permanent anchor on a structural element such as a rafter, of a construction to anchor or hang, of non-permanent, one or more safety such as scaffolding, gondola, ladder, platform, safety harness or the like, said device anchor comprising a fixing piece on said structural element and a safety hook for anchoring or hang said security device (s), the fastener consisting of at least two plates arranged at right angles, characterized in that the first plate is arranged to be applied on a side face of the structural element by means of at least one member clamping passing through said first plate and said element of frame, in that the second plate extending in overhang with respect to said structural element has an elongated lumen whose longitudinal axis extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said frame element, this light accommodating at least one fixing device for the safety hook on the workpiece fixing, and in that said first plate comprises in in addition to at least one wing extending under the second plate to ensure the stiffening of the whole.

Thus, when installing an anchoring device according to the invention on a frame, the fixing part is posed and fixed on a structural element such as chevron so that, the first plate of the part of fixing resting against a lateral face of said element frame, the second plate then extends projecting in the space defined between two structural elements. Thus, advantageously, a positioning is obtained offset from the safety hook with respect to the frame, this positioning being further adjustable in light elongated as a function of the trough of a cover element while providing a fixation of said high security hook. Furthermore, the presence of a stiffening wing on said first plate allows the secure fixing of this plate by means of a single fastener.

Preferably, the fixing part has an axis of symmetry confused with the longitudinal axis of the light of the second plate so that it allows a pose, either right or left, of the element of frame according to the position of the trough where we wishes to position the safety hook.

This type of device can thus be used with cover elements with a wide range of dimensions, in particular up to a maximum dimension corresponding to twice the length of the light added to the width of a structural element such than a chevron.

In order to allow its fixing on the fixing piece, the safety hook comprises at least one fixing member cooperating with the elongated light of the second stage of said fixing part. Preferably, fixing the safety hook is made by bolting.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the elongated body of said safety hook is shaped so as to present a first end portion provided of the hook portion arranged to rest on a roofing element according to the slope defined by the cover elements and a second end portion free, opposite the first end part, arranged to rest with the fixing part on an element of frame according to the slope of the frame elements.

So when you mount a permanent anchor on a structural element of a construction, the second end part of the elongated body fixed to said element of the frame, is housed under a roofing element while the first end part, in particular the hook part, must be visible on the roofing. However, the slope defined by the elements of frame is often different from the slope defined by cover elements.

Consequently, the safety hook comprises at near its free end, two elbows delimiting so the first end part and the second part free end, of unequal length, not parallel and connected by an oblique intermediate part of the body elongated, the angle between the two end parts substantially corresponding to the angle between the elements of roofing and structural elements.

When the first end portion of the hook security relies on a cover element, said element of cover rests by one end on an element of frame such as a batten. Preferably, the distance between the elbow separating the first end part provided with the hook and the oblique part of the elongated body and the elbow separating the oblique part of the elongated body and the second free end part is then preferably equal to the thickness of at least one strip so as to allow correct positioning of the anchoring device according to the invention.

les figures 1 et 1bis représentent une vue en élévation du dessus d'un dispositif d'ancrage selon l'invention positionné sur une charpente ;

la figure 2 représente une vue en perspective d'une pièce de fixation d'un dispositif d'ancrage selon l'invention ;

la figure 3 représente une vue de côté d'un crochet de sécurité d'un dispositif d'ancrage selon l'invention ;

la figure 4 représente une vue schématique de côté d'un dispositif d'ancrage selon la figure 1 et

la figure 5 représente une vue à plat d'un flan métallique servant à la réalisation d'une pièce de fixation du dispositif d'ancrage.

An embodiment of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawing in which:

Figures 1 and 1bis show an elevational view from above of an anchoring device according to the invention positioned on a frame;

FIG. 2 represents a perspective view of a fixing part of an anchoring device according to the invention;

FIG. 3 represents a side view of a safety hook of an anchoring device according to the invention;

FIG. 4 represents a schematic side view of an anchoring device according to FIG. 1 and

FIG. 5 represents a flat view of a metal blank used for the production of a fixing part of the anchoring device.

The permanent anchoring device according to the invention includes a fixing piece 1 and a safety hook 2. This device is mounted on a structural element such a chevron 3, the frame also comprising structural elements such as battens 5 on which the cover elements are received 4. The device permanent anchoring according to the invention allows to set places a safety hook offset from the to a structural element 3.

Indeed, a classic type safety hook, when it is placed on a structural element 3, has its hook part which rests on a cover element while the opposite free end of the safety hook is fixed on the frame element and is covered by a cover element.

However, when using cover elements such as 4 channel tiles, the curved portion of a tile 4 can cover a rafter 3 (see figure 1 or 1bis) and therefore it is not possible to fix directly and conventionally a safety hook on said chevron 3. In order to offset the positioning of a safety hook so as to make it coincident with a wave 6 of the cover, we then use a permanent anchoring device according to the invention.

The fixing part 1 of the anchoring device is consisting of two plates 1A and 1B arranged at an angle law. This fastening piece 1 may consist of a single piece folded so as to form the two plates 1A and 1B. This fastening piece 1 can thus be obtained at from a simple folded and cut metal blank of the type from that shown in Figure 5 where the lines in dotted lines represent the fold lines of the blank.

The first plate 1A is used for attachment to the rafter 3 and is applied by friction on a lateral face of said chevron 3. Plate 1A has at least one hole through 7 through which is engaged a body of tightening 8 which also crosses said rafter 3. This clamping member 8 may be a threaded rod, the holding is obtained using a fixing member such than a simple nut 9.

Preferably, in order to perfect the fixing, it is possible to insert between the nut 9 and the side face of the rafter 3 on which the end of the threaded rod protrudes, a claw washer whose claws penetrate during of the clamping of the clamping member 8 in the element of frame 3.

The second plate 1B is perpendicular to the first plate 1A and, once the fixing part 1 mounted on the side face of a frame element 3, said second plate 1B extends in the space defined between two structural elements 3 without covering the element frame 3 to which it is secured as it is visible in Figures 1 and 1bis. It is said that said second plate 1B is cantilevered with respect to the structural element 3.

This plate 1B comprises an elongated light 10 of which the longitudinal axis Y extends perpendicular to the axis of intersection X of the planes of the two plates 1A and 1B, of so that it also extends perpendicular to the axis longitudinal Z of the structural element 3.

Due to the cantilevered arrangement of the second plate 1B compared to the first plate 1A, the first plate 1A works both in bending and in twist after fixing on the plate 1B of a hook security which will be described later. For this reason, plate 1A has at least one stiffening wing 16, preferably two wings which extend under the second platinum 1B directly above the latter. Thanks to this or these wing (s) 16 which reinforce (s) the rigidity of the plate 1A, any risk of deformation of the plate 1A likely to work in torsion and in bending is eliminated. By elsewhere, preferably, the wings 16 of the first plate 1A extending under the second plate 1B are obtained by folding and possibly cutting the first stage 1A so that the first stage 1A has in the folded state a cross-section support surface triangular or trapezoidal, the large base of the triangle or trapezoid corresponding substantially to the axis of intersection X of the planes of the two plates 1A, 1B. In the example represented in figure 2, the section of the face 1A support plate is trapezoidal. Note that at least one of the wings 16 can be provided with a through hole 17 suitable for allowing the passage of a Safety harness.

Thanks to this configuration of the fold lines used to the delimitation of the wings 16, the reinforcement is again rigidity of plate 1A. In a preferred solution, the wing 16 extends both substantially perpendicular to plate 1A and plate 1B of so as not to hinder the passage and fixing of the clamping member 8 of the plate 1A. Preferably, also, the angle E formed by the fold line used to the delimitation of wing 16 and corresponding to one side of the trapezoid and the large base of the trapezoid is included in the range [40 ° -80 °].

Preferably, in order to facilitate the positioning of the fastening piece 1 on a frame member 3, in particular in order to favor the displacement of said plate 1A along a lateral face of said element frame 3 when looking for the ideal location for anchoring, the second plate 1B has wings 11 in protrusion beyond the axis of intersection X between the planes of two plates 1A and 1B, said wings 11 being in the same plane as the second deck 1B.

These wings 11 then rest on the upper face of the structural element 3 and guide the movement of the fastener 1 along said frame member 3 according to the double arrow CD (see figure 4).

In order to reinforce the fixing of the fixing piece 1 on the structural element 3, each wing 11 may have a through hole 12 for the passage of a fixing such as a nail 13 on the upper face of the structural element 3.

The safety hook 2 of the anchoring device according to the invention consists of an elongated body, one of which end 2a has a curved part, for example a cradle, forming hook 15 and whose free end 2b opposite to said first end 2a is provided with fastening means on the fixing piece 1. These joining means are preferably made up by a through hole made at the end 2b and crossed by a fixing member such as a threaded rod 14 which engages in the light 10 of the fixing part 1. A holding member such as a nut is mounted on the threaded rod 14.

The safety hook 2 being thus mounted in the light 10 of fastener 1, you can choose your positioning by moving said hook 2 along the light 10. Thus, as can be seen in Figure 1, the safety hook 2 is positioned in light 10 of so as to allow its positioning in correspondence with a wave trough 6 of a cover element 4.

Preferably, the longitudinal axis Y of the light 10 defines an axis of symmetry of the fixing part 1 of such that said part 1 can be fixed indifferently on the right (figure 1) and on the left (figure 1bis) of a structural element 3.

Preferably, the body of the safety hook 2 has in the vicinity of its free end 2b, two elbows thus defining a first end portion 2a of the hook body 2 provided with hook part 15 and a second free end part 2b, said parts 2a and 2b being of unequal length, not parallel and interconnected by a part substantially oblique intermediate 2c, the angle formed between the two end parts 2a, 2b corresponding substantially at the angle defined between the slope of the elements roof 4 and the slope of the structural elements 3.

As can be seen in Figure 3, the angle has formed between the first end part 2a and the part oblique 2c of said body is preferably 145 ° and the angle β formed between the oblique part 2c and the second part free end 2b is 141 °. The distance A between two elbows is preferably 32 mm.

When installing an anchoring device according to the invention on a structural element 3 (see figure 4), the second free end part 2b is mounted on the fixing part 1 and follows the slope defined by the frame element 3, the first plate 1A extending along a side face of said element 3 while the first end part 2a provided with the part forming hook 15 rests in a wave hollow 6 of an element of cover 4. Consequently, this first part end 2a follows a slope defined by the element of cover 4 resting, at one end on a batten 5 and by the other end on another cover element 4.

These two slopes, as can be seen in Figure 4, are different and the particular shape of the elongated body of the safety hook 2 with two end parts 2a and 2b not parallel is therefore well defined so that the second end part 2b follows the slope of the frame member 3 and the first end portion 2a follows the slope of the covering element 4.

The distance A corresponds substantially to the thickness of a batten 5 and a cover element 4.

Thus, when installing a permanent anchoring device according to the invention, the safety hook 2 mounted on the fastener 1 can be moved in direction C or the direction D of the double arrow so as to find its ideal positioning on the structural element 3, in particular in relation to the thickness of the batten 5. Once the fixing part 1 fixed to the frame element 3, we position the hook 2 in the light 10 of the second platinum 1B with respect to a trough 6 of the blanket. As already mentioned previously, the fixing piece 1 is fixed by simple tightening of the member 8, which is extremely simple and fast.

Claims (10)

Permanent anchoring device on a structural element (3) such as a rafter, of a construction for anchoring or hanging, non-permanently, one or more safety devices such as scaffolding, nacelle, ladder, platform form, safety harness or the like, said anchoring device comprising a fixing piece (1) on said frame member (3) and a safety hook (2) for anchoring or hanging said safety device (s), the piece fixing (1) consisting of at least two plates (1A, 1B) arranged at right angles,
characterized in that the first plate (1A) is arranged to be applied on a lateral face of the frame element (3) by means of at least one clamping member (8) passing through said first plate (1A) and said frame element (3), in that the second plate (1B) extending in cantilever with respect to said frame element (3) comprises an elongated lumen (10) whose longitudinal axis (Y) extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (Z) of said frame element (3), this lumen (10) receiving at least one member for fixing the safety hook (2) to the fixing part (1), and that said first plate (1A) further comprises at least one wing (16) extending under the second plate (1B) to ensure the stiffening of the assembly. Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the fixing piece (1) has an axis of symmetry coincident with the longitudinal axis (Y) of the lumen (10) of the second plate (1B). Device according to either of Claims 1 and 2,
characterized in that the fixing piece (1) consists of a single piece folded so as to form the first plate (1A) and the second plate (1B). Device according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that the safety hook (2) is fixed in the elongated opening (10) of the fixing piece (1) by a fixing member, in particular suitable for allowing fixing by bolting. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that the second plate (1B) has wings (11) projecting beyond the axis of intersection (X) of the planes of the two plates (1A and 1B) and located in the same plane as the second platinum (1B). Device according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that the wings (16) of the first plate (1A) extending under the second plate (1B) are obtained by folding and possibly cutting out the first plate (1A) so that the first plate (1A) has in the folded state a support surface of triangular or trapezoidal section, the large base of the triangle or of the trapezoid corresponding substantially to the axis of intersection (X) of the planes of the two plates (1A, 1B). Device according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that the elongated body of the safety hook (2) is shaped so as to have a first end part (2a) provided with a hook part (15) which can rest on a cover element (4) according to the slope of the roof and a second free end part (2b), opposite the first end part (2a), which can be fixed with the fixing part (1) on a frame element (3 ) according to the slope of the frame elements (3). Device according to claim 7,
characterized in that, in the vicinity of the free end (2b), the elongated body has two elbows thus delimiting the first end part (2a) provided with the hook and the second free end part (2b), of unequal lengths, not parallel and connected by an oblique intermediate part (2c), the angle between the two end parts (2a, 2b) corresponding substantially to the angle between the cover elements (4) and the frame elements (3) . Device according to claim 8,
characterized in that the angle α between the first end part (2a) and the oblique part (2c) is 145 ° and the angle β between the oblique part (2c) and the second free end part ( 2b) is 141 °. Device according to one of claims 8 and 9,
characterized in that the distance (A) between the elbow separating the first end part (2a) and the oblique part (2c) and the elbow separating the oblique part (2c) and the second free end part (2b) is equal to the thickness of at least one strip (5).

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