EP0877133A2 - Bistable magnetic locking device - Google Patents

Bistable magnetic locking device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0877133A2
EP0877133A2 EP98250152A EP98250152A EP0877133A2 EP 0877133 A2 EP0877133 A2 EP 0877133A2 EP 98250152 A EP98250152 A EP 98250152A EP 98250152 A EP98250152 A EP 98250152A EP 0877133 A2 EP0877133 A2 EP 0877133A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
end position
magnet armature
magnet
recesses
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98250152A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0877133A3 (en
Inventor
Pritimay Sengupta
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ikon AG Prazisionstechnik
Original Assignee
Ikon AG Prazisionstechnik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ikon AG Prazisionstechnik filed Critical Ikon AG Prazisionstechnik
Publication of EP0877133A2 publication Critical patent/EP0877133A2/en
Publication of EP0877133A3 publication Critical patent/EP0877133A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
    • E05B47/0611—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control
    • E05B47/0619—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor
    • E05B47/0623—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor axially, i.e. with an axially engaging blocking element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
    • E05B47/0611—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control
    • E05B47/0619—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor
    • E05B47/0626—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor radially
    • E05B47/063—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor radially with a rectilinearly moveable blocking element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/124—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by mechanical latch, e.g. detent
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B15/00—Other details of locks; Parts for engagement by bolts of fastening devices
    • E05B15/0053—Other details of locks; Parts for engagement by bolts of fastening devices means providing a stable, i.e. indexed, position of lock parts
    • E05B15/006—Spring-biased ball or roller entering a notch
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B47/0002—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets
    • E05B2047/0007—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets with two or more electromagnets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B47/0002—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets
    • E05B47/0003—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets having a movable core
    • E05B47/0004—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets having a movable core said core being linearly movable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bistable magnetic lock consisting of a Slidable magnetic armature, the head part of a mechanical lock forms and which is surrounded by at least one electrically excitable magnetic coil which the Displacement causes, namely in an extended end position (locking position) and in a retracted end position (release position).
  • Such electromagnetic interlocks are used, among other things, in electronic locking cylinders.
  • These locking cylinders have, for example, a mechanical part, ie a key which is mechanically coded in the usual way is used, the coding of which is scanned by tumblers and, if appropriate, locking pins in the cylinder housing and core.
  • these keys are provided with electronic coding, which is decoded by a reading head in the cylinder housing.
  • This electronic part is connected to an electromechanical lock, which - depending on the result of the coding check - enables the lock to be released.
  • the magnetic lock can intervene in the cylinder core, for example by means of a magnet armature, that is to say hinder or release its rotation.
  • the problem here is how the end positions of the magnet armature are fixed. From practice it is known to press the magnet armature in a spring-loaded manner into one end position, while the other end position is reached by excitation of the magnet coil. On the one hand, the spring force must be relatively large in order to achieve a certain degree of stability and, on the other hand, constant excitation of the coil is necessary for the other end position.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a bistable magnetic lock, which fixes a magnetic armature in its end positions in a simple manner.
  • the spring-loaded locking acts directly on the Magnetic anchor and holds it mechanically in its respective end position.
  • a housing 1 In a housing 1, two annular magnetic coils 2, 3 are arranged at an axial distance from one another.
  • the power supply is indicated by 4.
  • a magnet armature 5 is axially displaceable by means of these magnet coils.
  • This magnetic armature is formed on the head side as part of an electromagnetic locking device. If the device according to the invention is used, for example, in a locking cylinder, the head part 6 can engage in a recess in the cylinder core and thus prevent the rotation of the cylinder core in the locking position. If the magnet armature was withdrawn, the cylinder core would be released so that a closing process can be carried out. Of course, such a device can be used in many other areas, ie wherever the magnet armature exercises a locking or shifting function.
  • the magnet armature can assume two end positions. In the end position shown, the magnet armature is fully extended.
  • the magnetic armature 5 has depressions or annular recesses on its outer circumference or outer jacket - at an axial distance from one another. These are designated 7. Radially displaceable detents 8 can engage in these. These detents 8 are under spring pressure (springs 9).
  • the magnet armature 5 is mechanically fixed in the extended position by the detents 8. Accordingly, the retracted end position is mechanically secured, with the detents then engaging with the upper recesses shown in the figure.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Supporting Of Heads In Record-Carrier Devices (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Abstract

The device has a movable magnet armature (5). At the head this forms part of a mechanical lock. The armature (5) is surrounded by at least one electrically excitable magnetic coil (2,3) which causes the displacement of the armature (5) and moves it to an extended end position i.e. the locking position, and a retracted end position i.e. the release position. Spring biased stops (8) are brought radially into engagement with the armature (5). The stops (8) mechanically hold the armature (5) in the respective end position. Spaced apart recesses may be provided in the outer circumference of the armature (5), in which the stops (8) engage. The axial distance from the recesses and the outer cladding of the armature corresponds to the position of the armature in the end position.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine bistabile Magnetverriegelung, bestehend aus einem verschiebbaren Magnetanker, der kopfseitig einen Teil einer mechanischen Verriegelung bildet und der von wenigstens einer elektrisch erregbaren Magnetspule umgeben ist, die die Verschiebung bewirkt, und zwar in eine ausgefahrene Endposition (Verriegelungsposition) und in eine zurückgezogenen Endposition (Freigabeposition).The invention relates to a bistable magnetic lock consisting of a Slidable magnetic armature, the head part of a mechanical lock forms and which is surrounded by at least one electrically excitable magnetic coil which the Displacement causes, namely in an extended end position (locking position) and in a retracted end position (release position).

Derartige elektromagnetischen Verriegelungen werden u.a. in elektronischen Schließzylindern eingesetzt.
Diese Schließzylinder weisen beispielsweise einen mechanischen Teil auf, d.h. es kommt ein in üblicher Weise mechanisch codierter Schlüssel zum Einsatz, dessen Codierung von Zuhaltungen und ggf. Sperrstiften im Zylindergehäuse und -kern abgetastet wird. Zusätzlich sind diese Schlüssel mit einer elektronischen Codierung versehen, die von einem Lesekopf im Zylindergehäuse entschlüsselt wird. Dieser elektronische Teil steht mit einem elektromechanischen Verriegelung in Verbindung, die - je nach dem Ergebnis der Codierungsüberprüfung - eine Schließfreigabe ermöglicht. Die magnetische Verriegelung kann dabei z.B. mittels eines Magnetankers in den Zylinderkern eingreifen, also dessen Drehung behindern oder freigeben.Such electromagnetic interlocks are used, among other things, in electronic locking cylinders.
These locking cylinders have, for example, a mechanical part, ie a key which is mechanically coded in the usual way is used, the coding of which is scanned by tumblers and, if appropriate, locking pins in the cylinder housing and core. In addition, these keys are provided with electronic coding, which is decoded by a reading head in the cylinder housing. This electronic part is connected to an electromechanical lock, which - depending on the result of the coding check - enables the lock to be released. The magnetic lock can intervene in the cylinder core, for example by means of a magnet armature, that is to say hinder or release its rotation.

Selbstverständlich lassen sich solche elektromagnetischen Verriegelungen auch auf beliebigen anderen technischen Gebieten einsetzten.Of course, such electromagnetic interlocks can also be opened any other technical fields.

Problematisch ist dabei, wie die Endpositionen des Magnetankers fixiert wird.
Aus der Praxis ist es bekannt, den Magnetanker federbelastet in eine Endposition zu drücken, während die andere Endposition durch Erregung der Magnetspule erreicht wird. Hierbei muß einerseits die Federkraft relativ groß sein, um eine gewisse Stabilität zu erreichen und andererseits ist für die andere Endposition die ständige Erregung der Spule notwendig.The problem here is how the end positions of the magnet armature are fixed.
From practice it is known to press the magnet armature in a spring-loaded manner into one end position, while the other end position is reached by excitation of the magnet coil. On the one hand, the spring force must be relatively large in order to achieve a certain degree of stability and, on the other hand, constant excitation of the coil is necessary for the other end position.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine bistabile Magnetverriegelung zu schaffen, die einen Magnetanker in einfacher Weise in seinen Endpositionen fixiert. The invention has for its object to provide a bistable magnetic lock, which fixes a magnetic armature in its end positions in a simple manner.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch, daß mit dem Magnetanker federbelastete Arretierungen radial in Eingriff bringbar sind, die den Magnetanker mechanisch in der jeweiligen Endposition halten.This object is achieved in that with the magnet armature spring-loaded detents can be brought into radial engagement with the magnet armature hold mechanically in the respective end position.

Vorzugsweise Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Refinements preferably result from the subclaims.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung wirkt die federbelastete Arretierung direkt auf den Magnetanker und hält ihn in seiner jeweiligen Endposition mechanisch fest.In the solution according to the invention, the spring-loaded locking acts directly on the Magnetic anchor and holds it mechanically in its respective end position.

Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend an einem Ausführungsbeispiel erläutert werden.The invention will be explained below using an exemplary embodiment.

In einem Gehäuse 1 sind im axialem Abstand voneinander zwei ringförmige Magnetspulen 2,3 angeordnet. Die Stromzuführung ist mit 4 angedeutet.
Durch diese Magnetspulen ist ein Magnetanker 5 axial verschiebbar. Dieser Magnetanker ist kopfseitig als Teil einer elektromagnetischen Verriegelungseinrichtung ausgebildet. Wird die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung beispielsweise in einem Schließzylinder eingesetzt, so kann das Kopfteil 6 in eine Ausnehmung im Zylinderkern eingreifen und damit in der Verriegelungsposition, die Drehung des Zylinderkernes verhindern. Bei zurückgezogenem Magnetanker würde der Zylinderkern freigegeben werden, so daß ein Schließvorgang ausführbar ist. Selbstverständlich läßt sich aber eine derartige Einrichtung in vielen anderen Bereichen einsetzen, d.h. überall dort, wo der Magnetanker eine Sperr- oder Verschiebefunkion ausübt.
Aus der Zeichnung ist ersichtlich, daß der Magnetanker zwei Endpositionen einnehmenkann. In der dargestellten Endposition ist der Magnetanker voll ausgeschoben. Der Magnetanker 5 weist an seinem Außenumfang oder Außenmantel - im axialen Abstand voneinander - Vertiefungen oder ringförmige Ausnehmungen auf. Diese sind mit 7 bezeichnet. In diese können radial verschiebbare Arretierungen 8 eingreifen. Diese Arretierungen 8 stehen unter Federdruck ( Federn 9). Im dargestellten Beispiel wird der Magnetanker 5 durch die Arretierungen 8 in der ausgeschobenen Stellung mechanisch fixiert.
Entsprechend wird die eingezogene Endposition mechanisch gesichert, wobei dann die Arretierungen mit den in der Figur ersichtlichen, oberen Vertiefungen in Eingriff stehen.In a housing 1, two annular magnetic coils 2, 3 are arranged at an axial distance from one another. The power supply is indicated by 4.
A magnet armature 5 is axially displaceable by means of these magnet coils. This magnetic armature is formed on the head side as part of an electromagnetic locking device. If the device according to the invention is used, for example, in a locking cylinder, the head part 6 can engage in a recess in the cylinder core and thus prevent the rotation of the cylinder core in the locking position. If the magnet armature was withdrawn, the cylinder core would be released so that a closing process can be carried out. Of course, such a device can be used in many other areas, ie wherever the magnet armature exercises a locking or shifting function.
It can be seen from the drawing that the magnet armature can assume two end positions. In the end position shown, the magnet armature is fully extended. The magnetic armature 5 has depressions or annular recesses on its outer circumference or outer jacket - at an axial distance from one another. These are designated 7. Radially displaceable detents 8 can engage in these. These detents 8 are under spring pressure (springs 9). In the example shown, the magnet armature 5 is mechanically fixed in the extended position by the detents 8.
Accordingly, the retracted end position is mechanically secured, with the detents then engaging with the upper recesses shown in the figure.

Claims (4)

Bistabile Magnetverriegelung, bestehend aus einem verschiebbaren Magnetanker (5), der kopfseitig einen Teil einer mechanischen Verriegelung bildet und der von wenigstens einer elektrisch erregbaren Magnetspule (2,3) umgeben ist, die die Verschiebung bewirkt, und zwar in eine ausgefahrene Endposition (Verriegelungsposition) und in eine zurückgezogene Endposition (Freigabeposition),
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß mit dem Magnetanker (5) federbelastete Arretierungen (8) radial in Eingriff bringbar sind, die den Magnetanker mechanisch in der jeweiligen Endposition halten.Bistable magnetic lock, consisting of a displaceable magnet armature (5) which forms part of a mechanical lock on the head side and which is surrounded by at least one electrically excitable magnet coil (2, 3) which effects the displacement, namely into an extended end position (locking position) and in a retracted end position (release position),
characterized,
that spring-loaded detents (8) can be brought into radial engagement with the magnet armature (5) and hold the magnet armature mechanically in the respective end position. Bistabile Magnetverriegelung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß am Außenumfang des Magnetankers (5) im axialen Abstand voneinander Vertiefungen (7) oder ringförmige Ausnehmungen vorgesehen sind in die federbelastete Arretierungen (8) eingreifen, wobei der axiale Abstand der Vertiefungen bzw. Ausnehmungen auf dem Außenmantel des Magnetankers, der Stellung des Magnetankers in den Endpositionen entspricht.Bistable magnetic lock according to claim 1,
characterized,
that on the outer circumference of the magnet armature (5) at an axial distance from each other recesses (7) or annular recesses are provided in the spring-loaded detents (8) engage, the axial distance of the recesses or recesses on the outer jacket of the magnet armature, the position of the magnet armature in corresponds to the end positions. Bistabile Magnetverriegelung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zwei Magnetspulen (2,3) in einem Gehäuse (1) den Magnetanker (5) ringförmig umgebend, mit axialem Abstand voneinander angeordnet sind und daß sich zwischen den Magnetspulen eine Aufnahme (10) für die federbelasteten Arretierungen (8) befindet.Bistable magnetic lock according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that two magnet coils (2, 3) in a housing (1) surround the magnet armature (5) in a ring, axially spaced from each other and that there is a receptacle (10) for the spring-loaded detents (8) between the magnet coils. Bistabile Magnetverriegelung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch ekennzeichnet,
daß für jede zu fixierende Endposition wenigstens zwei Arretierungen (8) vorgesehen sind.Bistable magnetic lock according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that at least two detents (8) are provided for each end position to be fixed.
EP98250152A 1997-05-07 1998-05-05 Bistable magnetic locking device Withdrawn EP0877133A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29708796U DE29708796U1 (en) 1997-05-07 1997-05-07 Bistable magnetic lock
DE29708796U 1997-05-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0877133A2 true EP0877133A2 (en) 1998-11-11
EP0877133A3 EP0877133A3 (en) 1999-09-01

Family

ID=8040492

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98250152A Withdrawn EP0877133A3 (en) 1997-05-07 1998-05-05 Bistable magnetic locking device

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0877133A3 (en)
DE (1) DE29708796U1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010010037A1 (en) * 2008-07-24 2010-01-28 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Electromagnetic actuator
US9051761B2 (en) 2011-08-02 2015-06-09 Kwikset Corporation Manually driven electronic deadbolt assembly with fixed turnpiece
DE102014216274A1 (en) * 2014-08-15 2016-02-18 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Actuator with at least one stable switching position
WO2018046901A1 (en) * 2016-09-06 2018-03-15 Camcon Auto Limited Electromagnetic actuator
EP3726099A1 (en) * 2019-04-18 2020-10-21 FTE automotive GmbH Parking lock arrangement

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19755957C2 (en) * 1997-12-17 2002-10-31 Pierburg Gmbh Electromagnetic actuator
MY147372A (en) * 2006-07-20 2012-11-30 Shanghai One Top Corp Magnetic lock means with auxiliary mechanical locking or resistance means
DE102006047715A1 (en) * 2006-10-09 2008-04-10 Dometic Gmbh Locking device for locking the interior of a device and device with locking device
DE102007053741B4 (en) * 2007-11-12 2020-01-30 ABUS Seccor GmbH Electronic locking system with memory metal actuator

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2156387A (en) * 1935-05-07 1939-05-02 Goldfinger Isidoro Electromagnetic latch bolt
US2828151A (en) * 1955-07-18 1958-03-25 Brotman Morton Safety lock for vehicle doors
US3223802A (en) * 1963-06-14 1965-12-14 Schulz Tool & Mfg Co Solenoid having a two-piece armature
GB1382429A (en) * 1971-08-26 1975-01-29 Brook J E Indexing apparatus
US4509347A (en) * 1982-06-30 1985-04-09 Southern Steel Company Door locking system
EP0388997A1 (en) * 1986-03-21 1990-09-26 Emhart Industries, Inc. Electronic locking system
DE29521137U1 (en) * 1995-07-01 1996-09-19 Ikon Praezisionstechnik Electromagnetic lock for a cylinder lock

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2156387A (en) * 1935-05-07 1939-05-02 Goldfinger Isidoro Electromagnetic latch bolt
US2828151A (en) * 1955-07-18 1958-03-25 Brotman Morton Safety lock for vehicle doors
US3223802A (en) * 1963-06-14 1965-12-14 Schulz Tool & Mfg Co Solenoid having a two-piece armature
GB1382429A (en) * 1971-08-26 1975-01-29 Brook J E Indexing apparatus
US4509347A (en) * 1982-06-30 1985-04-09 Southern Steel Company Door locking system
EP0388997A1 (en) * 1986-03-21 1990-09-26 Emhart Industries, Inc. Electronic locking system
DE29521137U1 (en) * 1995-07-01 1996-09-19 Ikon Praezisionstechnik Electromagnetic lock for a cylinder lock

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010010037A1 (en) * 2008-07-24 2010-01-28 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Electromagnetic actuator
US9051761B2 (en) 2011-08-02 2015-06-09 Kwikset Corporation Manually driven electronic deadbolt assembly with fixed turnpiece
DE102014216274A1 (en) * 2014-08-15 2016-02-18 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Actuator with at least one stable switching position
WO2018046901A1 (en) * 2016-09-06 2018-03-15 Camcon Auto Limited Electromagnetic actuator
US20190221348A1 (en) * 2016-09-06 2019-07-18 Camcon Auto Limited Electromagnetic actuator
EP3726099A1 (en) * 2019-04-18 2020-10-21 FTE automotive GmbH Parking lock arrangement
CN111828627A (en) * 2019-04-18 2020-10-27 Fte汽车有限责任公司 Parking lock device
US11402019B2 (en) 2019-04-18 2022-08-02 Fte Automotive Gmbh Parking lock arrangement
CN111828627B (en) * 2019-04-18 2023-08-08 Fte汽车有限责任公司 Parking lock device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE29708796U1 (en) 1997-07-17
EP0877133A3 (en) 1999-09-01

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