EP0867998A1 - Installation pour la transmission de puissance électrique - Google Patents

Installation pour la transmission de puissance électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0867998A1
EP0867998A1 EP98102660A EP98102660A EP0867998A1 EP 0867998 A1 EP0867998 A1 EP 0867998A1 EP 98102660 A EP98102660 A EP 98102660A EP 98102660 A EP98102660 A EP 98102660A EP 0867998 A1 EP0867998 A1 EP 0867998A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage network
current
direct voltage
semiconductor elements
turn
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98102660A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0867998B1 (fr
Inventor
Gunnar Asplund
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB AB
Original Assignee
Asea Brown Boveri AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Asea Brown Boveri AB filed Critical Asea Brown Boveri AB
Publication of EP0867998A1 publication Critical patent/EP0867998A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0867998B1 publication Critical patent/EP0867998B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/125—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers
    • H02H7/1257—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers responsive to short circuit or wrong polarity in output circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
    • H03K17/082—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit
    • H03K17/0828—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit in composite switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/16—Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents
    • H03K17/168—Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents in composite switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/16—Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents
    • H03K17/161—Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents in field-effect transistor switches
    • H03K17/162—Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents in field-effect transistor switches without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
    • H03K17/163—Soft switching
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S323/00—Electricity: power supply or regulation systems
    • Y10S323/908—Inrush current limiters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plant for transmitting electric power comprising a direct voltage network for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) and at least one alternating voltage network connected thereto through a station, in which the station is adapted to perform transmitting of electric power between the direct voltage network and the alternating voltage network and comprises at least one VSC-converter adapted to convert direct voltage into alternating voltage and conversely.
  • HVDC High Voltage Direct Current
  • VSC Voltage Source Converter
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a plant of the type defined in the introduction, in which the problems mentioned above have been solved in a satisfying way.
  • This object is according to the invention obtained by connecting at least one parallel connection of at least one semiconductor element of turn-off type and a surge diverter in the direct voltage network of such a plant.
  • the current through the direct voltage network may very rapidly be limited, since such a semiconductor element may be turned off very rapidly, should there be a need thereof, by turning the semiconductor element off.
  • the surge diverter is suitably dimensioned, i.e. the voltage level at which it becomes conducting, the current in the direct voltage network may also be broken by turning the semiconductor element off.
  • the electric energy absorbed by the parallel connection will substantially as a whole be absorbed by the surge diverter and the semiconductor element will be protected against over currents.
  • the plant is of such a type that the current through the direct voltage network may assume two possible directions, and said semiconductor elements of the parallel connection are two to the number and connected in series with oppositely directed conducting directions, and a separate rectifier diode is connected in anti-parallel with each of the semiconductor elements.
  • the plant comprises an apparatus adapted to turn the semiconductor elements of the parallel connection off when the current therethrough exceeds a predetermined level. At least a current limitation in the direct voltage network takes place by this and depending upon the voltage thereacross and the dimensioning of the surge diverter the current is broken.
  • said apparatus is adapted, when the current in the direct voltage network exceeds a predetermined level, to start to alternatingly turn the semiconductor elements of the parallel connection off and on with a frequency adapted for adjusting the current in the direct voltage network to not exceed a maximum level.
  • alternating turning the semiconductor elements off and on the current in the direct voltage network may be adjusted to a desired level and accordingly the current be restricted in a desired way.
  • the intensity of the current will depend upon the relationship between the lengths of the turn-off and the turn-on times of the semiconductor elements of the parallel connection.
  • the plant comprises a plurality of said parallel connections connected in the direct voltage network.
  • said apparatus is adapted, when the current in the direct voltage network exceeds a predetermined level, to alternatingly turn the different semiconductor elements on and off according to a pattern determined in dependence upon the intensity of said current for adjusting the current through the direct voltage network to not exceed a predetermined allowed maximum level.
  • the current in the direct voltage network may by this with a high reliability be limited to not exceed a maximum level allowed.
  • the apparatus is adapted, when the current in the direct voltage network exceeds a predetermined level, to turn such a great number of semiconductor elements off that the corresponding number of surge diverters manage to take the voltage to be taken by the direct voltage network and the current in the direct voltage network is broken.
  • the apparatus is adapted to carry out said turning on and turning off at a frequency in the kHz-region. It is advantageous to carry out said alternating turning of the semiconductor elements on and off for obtaining an appropriate current limiting effect with such a frequency that is located at substantially the same level as the frequency through which the semiconductor elements in the current valves of the VSC-converter are controlled. This means that the apparatus may follow the VSC-converter and may obtain an appropriate restriction of the current through the direct voltage network.
  • the structure of a plant for transmitting electric power according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention is very schematically and simplified illustrated in Fig 1, in which mainly only the different components having directly something to do with the function according to the invention have been shown in the drawing so as to facilitate the comprehension of the invention.
  • HVDC High Voltage Direct Current
  • the station is designed to perform transmittance of electric power between the direct voltage network 1 and the alternating voltage network 5, in which the power may be fed in from the alternating voltage network to the direct voltage network or fed out from the direct voltage network to the alternating voltage network.
  • the alternating voltage network may have generators of electric power or only be connected to consumers thereof.
  • the station comprises at least one VSC-converter 9 adapted to convert direct voltage into alternating voltage and conversely. However, it is completely possible that the station comprises a plurality of such converters.
  • the VSC-converter comprises in a conventional way one phase leg for each phase with two so called current valves 10, 11, which consist of branches of breakers 12 of turn-on and turn-off type, preferably in the form of IGBTs, connected in series and diodes 13 connected in anti-parallel therewith.
  • IGBTs may then be connected in series in one single valve so as to be turned on and turned off simultaneously so as to function as one single breaker, wherethrough the voltage across the valve is distributed among the different breakers connected in series.
  • the control of the breakers takes place in a conventional way trough pulse width modulation (PWM).
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • the plant comprises a parallel connection of a semiconductor element 14 of turn-off type which may be of any type having an ability of breaking the current therethrough, such as an IGBT, GTO, MOSFET etc., and a surge diverter 15 connected in the direct voltage network.
  • a rectifier diode 16 is also connected in anti-parallel with the semiconductor element 14.
  • the second pole conductor has also such a parallel connection, although it is not shown in Fig 1.
  • the surge diverter 15 is of a conventional type, such as a zinc oxide diverter, and it conducts normally a very low current, but when the voltage thereover exceeds a certain level it will take a strongly increased current.
  • the plant comprises also an apparatus 17 adapted to turn the semiconductor element 14 off, when the current therethrough exceeds a predetermined level. More exactly, the semiconductor element 14 will in normal operation be turned on, but when any fault occurs in the plant, such as a ground fault in the direct voltage network, and the voltage drop over the direct voltage network is great with a risk of high currents therethrough, the apparatus 17 begins alternatingly to turn the semiconductor elements 14 on and off with a comparatively high frequency (in the range of some kHz), so that the current I through the direct voltage network will be commutated between the semiconductor element 14 and the surge diverter 15 and by that a current limiting effect will be obtained.
  • a comparatively high frequency in the range of some kHz
  • the intensity of the resulting current will depend upon the relationship between the lengths of the turn-off times and turn-on times of the semiconductor element 14.
  • the apparatus 17 may break the current I in the direct voltage network by transferring the semiconductor element 14 to a permanently turn-off state.
  • FIG. 1 An alternative to the parallel connection shown in Fig 1 is shown in Fig 2, which differs from that according to Fig 1 by the presence of two semiconductor elements 14' connected in series with oppositely directed conducting directions, and a separate rectifier diode 16' is connected in anti-parallel with each of the semiconductor elements. It is the intention that the semiconductor elements 14' shall be turned off and turned on simultaneously, which makes it possible to obtain the function of the parallel connection described in connection with Fig 1 irrespectively of the direction of the current in the direct voltage network 1.
  • a parallel connection of this type is arranged where the current through the direct voltage network may assume two possible directions, i.e. it is not known for sure which current direction is prevailing, which is the case in so called meshed networks.
  • FIG. 3 A plant according to a third preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Fig 3, in which this is slightly simplified with respect to Fig 1.
  • the real difference between this plant and that according to Fig 1 is that the plant in Fig 3 has a plurality of parallel connections of semiconductor elements 14, surge diverters 15 and rectifier diodes 16 connected in the direct voltage network.
  • the total resistance of the system has here also been illustrated through a resistor 18.
  • the direct voltage network in this plant has only one pole conductor 2.
  • the voltage U d of the direct voltage network is lying across the capacitor 19.
  • the current through the direct voltage network may be limited to an acceptable level.
  • the current through the direct voltage network may also be broken completely.
  • Said parallel connections of the plants according to the invention are preferably controlled so that they restrict the current during certain transient fault cases, but if these fault cases remain they break the current.
  • These parallel connections would most often be arranged in connection with the stations for control by the control apparatus also taking care of the control of the converter of the station, but it is also within the scope of the invention to arrange them out in the very direct voltage network, especially in so called meshed networks.
  • the type of parallel connection illustrated in Fig 2 may for example be used in a plant of the type shown in Fig 3 for use especially in so called meshed networks.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
EP98102660A 1997-03-24 1998-02-17 Installation pour la transmission de puissance électrique Expired - Lifetime EP0867998B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9701065A SE510597C2 (sv) 1997-03-24 1997-03-24 Anläggning för överföring av elektrisk effekt
SE9701065 1997-03-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0867998A1 true EP0867998A1 (fr) 1998-09-30
EP0867998B1 EP0867998B1 (fr) 2007-03-28

Family

ID=20406283

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98102660A Expired - Lifetime EP0867998B1 (fr) 1997-03-24 1998-02-17 Installation pour la transmission de puissance électrique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5999388A (fr)
EP (1) EP0867998B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH10313541A (fr)
CA (1) CA2218941C (fr)
DE (1) DE69837414T2 (fr)
SE (1) SE510597C2 (fr)

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WO2001028063A1 (fr) * 1999-10-08 2001-04-19 Automated Power Exchange, Inc. Marche virtuel permettant de commercialiser des marchandises fongibles, et ephemeres, notamment de l'energie electrique
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WO2010025758A1 (fr) * 2008-09-05 2010-03-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif présentant un convertisseur de fréquence
WO2011141053A1 (fr) * 2010-05-11 2011-11-17 Abb Technology Ag Poste de commutation extérieur pour courant continu haute tension à commutateurs à semi-conducteurs
WO2012000545A1 (fr) 2010-06-30 2012-01-05 Abb Technology Ag Système de transmission hvdc, poste hvdc et procédé de mise en oeuvre de poste hvdc
EP2469552A2 (fr) 2010-12-23 2012-06-27 ABB Technology AG Procédé, disjoncteur et unité de commutation pour couper des courants CC haute tension
CN102593809A (zh) * 2011-01-14 2012-07-18 同济大学 一种具有过电压抑制功能的固态断路器
WO2012103936A1 (fr) * 2011-02-01 2012-08-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé visant à éliminer une défaillance sur une ligne de courant continu haute tension, installation permettant de transporter un courant électrique sur une ligne de courant continu haute tension, et convertisseur correspondant
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WO2012116738A1 (fr) * 2011-03-01 2012-09-07 Abb Research Ltd Limitation du courant de défaut dans des systèmes de transmission de courant électrique continu
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CN104009446A (zh) * 2014-02-27 2014-08-27 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 一种直流输电保护装置、换流器及保护方法
CN104160464A (zh) * 2012-03-09 2014-11-19 西门子公司 用于借助直流电压开关将直流电网段接入的方法
CN104380420A (zh) * 2012-06-19 2015-02-25 西门子公司 用于在直流电网节点的支路中切换直流电流的直流电压开关
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CN104756338A (zh) * 2012-08-23 2015-07-01 阿尔斯通技术有限公司 电路中断设备
CN106532757A (zh) * 2016-11-17 2017-03-22 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 双极柔性直流输电系统及其换流站、换流站的控制方法
CN106786707A (zh) * 2015-11-23 2017-05-31 国网智能电网研究院 一种基于混合拓扑换流器的柔直系统直流故障恢复方法
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CN104184108B (zh) 2013-05-21 2018-08-10 通用电气公司 直流断路器及其控制方法
EP2849306A1 (fr) 2013-09-16 2015-03-18 Alstom Technology Ltd Convertisseur de source de tension
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KR101772935B1 (ko) * 2016-04-21 2017-08-30 주식회사 씨자인 전기 신호의 이상 상태 검출 및 제어 시스템
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DE69837414T2 (de) 2007-12-20
US5999388A (en) 1999-12-07
SE9701065L (sv) 1998-09-25
JPH10313541A (ja) 1998-11-24
EP0867998B1 (fr) 2007-03-28
SE510597C2 (sv) 1999-06-07
CA2218941A1 (fr) 1998-09-24
CA2218941C (fr) 2001-04-17
SE9701065D0 (sv) 1997-03-24

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