EP0867238B1 - Verfahren zur Sanierung von Böden - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Sanierung von Böden Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0867238B1
EP0867238B1 EP98302282A EP98302282A EP0867238B1 EP 0867238 B1 EP0867238 B1 EP 0867238B1 EP 98302282 A EP98302282 A EP 98302282A EP 98302282 A EP98302282 A EP 98302282A EP 0867238 B1 EP0867238 B1 EP 0867238B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
soil
pollutant
microorganism
region
liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98302282A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0867238A2 (de
EP0867238A3 (de
Inventor
Etsuko Sugawa
Masahiro Kawaguchi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Canon Inc
Original Assignee
Canon Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Canon Inc filed Critical Canon Inc
Publication of EP0867238A2 publication Critical patent/EP0867238A2/de
Publication of EP0867238A3 publication Critical patent/EP0867238A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0867238B1 publication Critical patent/EP0867238B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for remedying polluted soil.
  • this invention relates to a method for remedying polluted soil in which the pollutant in the polluted region is decomposed by microbial activities.
  • Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds (such as dichloroethylene, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene) are especially used in a large amount as a solvent for cleaning precision machine members and for dry cleaning, and pollution of soil and ground water by these solvents have been revealed.
  • these organic compounds are so volatile that they may cause air pollution. It is also pointed out that these organic compounds are teratogenic and carcinogenic, so that it becomes evident that they seriously affect living creatures. Accordingly, an urgent theme is not only to cut off the pollution sources but also to clean the soil and ground water already polluted with these organic compounds.
  • One of the conventional methods for remedying the soil polluted with chlorinated organic compounds is, for example, to scoop out the polluted soil and subject it to a heat treatment.
  • this method enables complete elimination of pollutants from the dug up soil, it requires much expenses and a long working period for turning up the soil. It is practically impossible to take out the polluted soil situated deep under the ground, limiting the application range of this method.
  • the chlorinated organic compounds released from the dug up polluted soil should be recovered by adsorption onto an adsorbent such as activated charcoal to prevent secondary air pollution, and the used activated charcoal requires further processing.
  • Vacuum-extraction of the pollutants from the polluted soil or use of a microorganism having pollutant-degrading ability can solve one of the problem of the above-mentioned method, i.e., limitations of the treating region. These methods do not require to dig up the soil and can purify the soil at the location where it is (called “in situ” hereinafter). Actually, these method are cheap and simple compared with the foregoing dig-up method; only small-scale work is required such as boring a well for introducing a vacuum extraction pipe or pollutant-degrading microorganisms into the polluted soil.
  • the vacuum extraction method has problems that it cannot remove chlorinated organic compounds in a low concentration of several ppm or less efficiently, and that further treatment of the recovered chlorinated organic compounds is required as in the above-mentioned method.
  • the pollutant in soil can be degraded into harmless substance(s) by the microbial remediation method using microorganisms native or foreign to the soil.
  • the microbial method dispenses the detoxification treatment of the recovered pollutant that is indispensable in the foregoing two methods.
  • this method is highly efficient in degrading pollutant of a relatively low concentration.
  • the native microorganisms inherently living in the region to be remedied
  • activating agents such as inducers to induce degradation activity of the native microorganisms, nutrients to enhance the microbial degradation activity, oxygen and growth stimulating agents.
  • a foreign microorganism having the pollutant-degrading ability it is necessary to introduce into the soil the microorganism and if necessary activating agents for that microorganism.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found that when a liquid containing a microorganism and an activation agent is injected into the soil, a portion of the pollutant present in the voids (pores) of the soil may be pushed out according to the injection, and move along the diffusion of the liquid, so that the polluted region may be expanded by the liquid injection. This tendency is more evident with volatile pollutants such as DCE, TCE and PCE. Therefore, enlargement of the polluted region due to the liquid injection should be prevented as much as possible irrespective of the pollutant concentrations, especially in in situ remediation of the soil. As a conclusion, a technical development has been required to solve this problem.
  • the inventors of the present invention found a method for remedying the soil which completes remediation of the soil in the closed space by isolating the polluted region in situ from the surrounding soil, or substantially enclosing the soil within a closed space.
  • an in situ remediation method for treating a region in which a volatile pollutant is retained in a soil void comprising the steps of: providing at least one of (a) a liquid containing a microorganism having an activity to decompose the pollutant or (b) a liquid containing a microorganism having ability to decompose the pollutant and an activation agent for the microorganism;
  • liquid can be injected and liquid
  • water and pollutant can be removed by means of a horizontal pipe or pipes.
  • inlet and outlet pipes may be provided at lower and higher soil levels.
  • the water and pollutant can subsequently be treated to effect removal of the pollutant from the water using apparatus at the pollution site.
  • step (iii) of injecting liquid is continued so that the volatile pollutant is finally expelled from the surface of the region; and a further step (v) is performed of: (v) introducing the pollutant expelled from the surface of the region in the step (iii) into a pollutant decomposition apparatus and decomposing the pollutant.
  • the treatment vessel 8 for pollutant decomposition installed at a site of the soil pollution is composed of a side wall 1, a bottom 7 and a lid 2.
  • the treatment vessel 8 contains the polluted soil to isolate the soil from the surrounding soil.
  • the lid 2 is provided with two opening 3 and 4, and a liquid injection pipe 5 is inserted into the vessel 8 though the opening 3 to inject a liquid containing a microorganism or a liquid containing a microorganism and an activation agent into the soil for soil remediation.
  • One end of the liquid injection pipe 5 is inserted into the soil 9 in the treatment vessel 8 to inject the liquid into it.
  • the other end of the pipe 5 is connected to a tank 11 containing the liquid.
  • the liquid is injected into the soil 9 with a pump 10 disposed on way of the pipe 5.
  • a discharge pipe 6 is inserted into the treatment tank 8 through an opening 4 to lead the pollutant or the overflowing liquid into a pollutant decomposition apparatus 12, where the pollutant retained in the soil void is pushed out by an applied pressure due to the liquid injection from the injection pipe 5.
  • a trap 13 is provided to prevent the discharge of the pollutant from the pollutant decomposition apparatus 12 into the air.
  • the pollutant decomposition treatment vessel 8 it is preferable to construct the pollutant decomposition treatment vessel 8 so as to enclose the pollution source or the highly polluted soil in situ (where the soil to be treated exists). This enables not only efficient remediation of the soil but also prevention of the diffusion of the pollution. When there is a flow of ground water, it is effective in preventing spread of pollution to install the treatment vessel as upstream as possible.
  • the shape and construction method of the side wall 1 is not limited as long as the wall is made of a material not permeable by water, microorganisms and pollutants.
  • an iron pipe may be driven into the polluted soil to form a iron pipe side wall 1, or the side wall 1 may be formed by driving four iron plates into the soil as side walls.
  • the bottom 7 can be formed, for example, by injecting a soil hardening agent to harden the soil at the bottom.
  • a soil hardening agent is injected into the bottom of the region in the pipe or surrounded by the steel plates.
  • the soil hardening agent are water glass, rapidly hardening cement, normal cement and special purpose cement, which may be properly selected according to the conditions of the site or the purpose.
  • Admixtures such as montmorillonite, calcium, an anionic polymer surface active agent and/or a fluidity accelerating agent may be added to the soil hardening agent.
  • the pollutant is a volatile compound such as a chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon compound (for example, dichloroethylene, trichloroethylene or tetrachloroethylene), it is preferable to use an water glass type soil hardening agent not permeable by these compounds.
  • a chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon compound for example, dichloroethylene, trichloroethylene or tetrachloroethylene
  • Examples of the injection method of the hardening agent into the ground are the CCP method, jet-grout method and roden jet pile method. Although these methods can be appropriately selected depending on the region of the polluted soil and conditions of the ground, CCP method is preferable since this method enables injection of the soil hardening agent without outflow of the polluted soil, thus dispensing the treatment of the outflow.
  • the CCP method in forming the bottom of the polluted soil to be treated by injecting the hardening agent at a high pressure is described referring to Fig. 2.
  • a rod 57 to which a special jet equipment is mounted is attached to a boring machine 56, and the other end of the special jet equipment is connected to a circulation water tank 60 via a super-high pressure pulse pump 58 and a valve 59.
  • the ground is bored to a depth of injection position with a rotation speed and a stroke number suitable for the soil conditions, while continuously sending the circulation water by keeping the pump discharge pressure at, for example, 30 Kgf/cm 2 or less.
  • the rod When reached to a desired depth, the rod is disconnected from the circulation water tank and connected to the soil hardening agent tank 61 by valve operation to inject the soil hardening agent, for example, at a rotation speed of 10 to 20 rpm and a discharge pressure of 200 to 400 Kgf/cm 2 .
  • the pollutant decomposing microorganism may be injected, for example, from the rod connected to the microorganism storage tank 62 and pump 58, or it may be injected by driving a separate injection pipe into the treatment region.
  • the layer itself may be used as the bottom 7.
  • the top of the treatment vessel is a sealed structure by providing a lid made of the same material not permeable by the pollutant as the side wall, not to release into the air the pollutant rising to the earth surface forced by the rising front of the injected liquid. Diffusion of the pollutant into the environment from the treatment vessel 8 due to injection of the liquid can be almost perfectly prevented by constructing such a treatment vessel at the site of the pollution. It can also prevent the pollutant-decomposing microorganism and the activation agent such as a nutrient or an inducer for the microorganism from diffusing into the environment.
  • Examples of the decomposition apparatus 12 to decompose the pollutant extruded from the soil 9 are a bioreactor filled with a pollutant-decomposing microorganism immobilized on a carrier, a bioreactor containing a liquid containing a pollutant-decomposing microorganism to which polluted gas or polluted soil water is introduced, or a chemical decomposition apparatus using ultraviolet light or iron.
  • the pollutant-degradable microorganism grown in the fermentation tank 11, together with a liquid medium, is introduced into the pollutant decomposition treatment vessel 8 through the injection pipe 5.
  • the injection position and injection method may be properly selected depending on the soil texture and consolidation.
  • the liquid medium can be sent up from the bottom of the treatment vessel using a pump, or it can flow down from the top of the treatment vessel by hydrostatic pressure.
  • the liquid medium to be injected into the soil may contain an activation agent for the microorganism.
  • the activation agent there is a growth medium containing nutrients for the microorganism or an inducer for the microbial expression of the pollutant-degrading activity.
  • the pollutant is a volatile compound such as DCE, TCE or PCE
  • the liquid medium containing microorganism it is preferable to fill the treatment vessel with the liquid medium containing microorganism by injecting it from the bottom of the treatment vessel, so as to achieve soil remediation more efficiently.
  • the volatile pollutant retained in the soil void is pushed up by the liquid front, and part of the pollutant moves toward the earth surface to finally seep from the surface as a gas or mixed with the liquid.
  • the extruded pollutant from the soil by the injected liquid will be guided to the pollutant decomposition apparatus 12 through the pipe 6 to be decomposed there.
  • the pollutant remaining in the soil void not excluded by the injected liquid is decomposed by the microorganism injected into the soil.
  • the number of the injection port is not limited to one so long as the microorganism can be distributed in the vessel as uniform as possible.
  • the ports are disposed, for example, upward to the earth surface so that the pollutant driven by the injection front can be trapped securely. It is also desirable that the position and shape of the drainage port for the overflow is properly devised depending on the injection method.
  • the microorganism to be injected into the treatment vessel has an activity to degrade the pollutant.
  • the pollutant is an aromatic compound such as phenol or a halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon compound such as DCE, TCE or PCE
  • a bacterial strain such as Pseudomonas cepacia strain KKO1 (FERM BP-4235), strain J1 (FERM BP-5102), strain JM1 (FERM BP-5352), strain JMC1 (FERM BP-5960), strain JM2N (FERM BP-5961), strain JM6U (FERM BP-5962) and strain JM7 (FERM BP-5963) can be used.
  • the pollutant is a petroleum fuel
  • the present invention can be practiced using, for example, an Alcaligenes species, strain SM8-4L (FERM P-13801).
  • the microorganism for the injection is in a state having high pollutant-degrading activity by cultivation. Since the microorganism usually shows the highest degradation activity to the pollutant in its logarithmic growth phase, it is preferable to introduce the microorganism in the logarithmic growth phase into the soil containing the pollutant.
  • the microorganism is often damaged by the intermediate products.
  • One can solve such a problem according to the method of the present invention that is, when the soil to be treated contains a high concentration of a pollutant in a treating vessel, an excess amount of a liquid medium containing the pollutant-degrading microorganism is injected into the vessel through the injection pipe 5 to fill all the void in the soil with the medium, thereby extruding the inherent soil water from the soil in the vessel.
  • the optimum injection amount of the liquid medium containing the microorganism depends on the soil properties, e.g., moisture content of the soil, it is preferable that the injection volume is 1.1 times or more, more preferably 1.2 times or more, the total volume of the soil void.
  • the injection volume is determined as described above, a part of the pollutant present in a high concentration in the soil is washed out along with the overflow of the injected medium, thereby decreasing the pollutant concentration in the soil. This procedure lessens the damage of the microorganism due to the pollutant itself or its intermediate products in degradation, enabling treatment of the region containing the pollutant in a high concentration.
  • V is the total volume of the soil
  • W is the total weight of the soil
  • ⁇ is the moisture content of the soil
  • ⁇ s is the specific gravity of the soil particles ( of the solid matter).
  • the total weight of the soil can be determined by multiplying the weight of a unit volume by the volume of the soil of the region, the former being determined by a conventional method (for example, a direct measurement method or a replacement measurement method).
  • the specific gravity of the soil particles is determined, for example, as follows.
  • the specific gravity of the sample soil can be determined using the following equation (4).
  • Gs Ws / (Ws + Wc - Wt)
  • the average of the soil void volumes of the samples taken from a plurality of places may be used as the void volume of the isolated soil.
  • the value of the soil void volume varies greatly among samples, it is preferable to increase the sampling number.
  • the cells consume a large amount of oxygen in the soil of the treatment vessel. Accordingly, the oxygen concentration in the soil may rapidly decrease immediately after the microorganism is introduced. Such decrease in oxygen concentration may cause decrease in pollutant-decomposing activity of the microorganism. Therefore, for effective remediation of the soil, it is preferable to aerate the liquid medium to be injected with the microorganism into the treatment vessel, with a sufficient amount of oxygen or air.
  • the liquid medium to be injected into the soil contains some nutrients as an activation agent for the growth of the microorganism, it is effective in soil remediation to lower the nutrient concentration in order to suppress the microbial growth in the soil, or to eliminate the carbon source for the microorganism to substantially halt the growth of the microorganism in the soil.
  • an environment polluted with a high concentration of a pollutant can be effectively remedied by using a microorganism. It can also suppress the efflux of the pollutant, the microorganism and the activation agent for the microorganism outside the environment to be remedied. According to the other embodiment of the present invention, more improved remediation of the polluted environment is possible in addition to the foregoing advantages.
  • FIG. 3 An experimental apparatus as shown in Fig. 3 was assembled for this example.
  • a 2 litters stainless steel vessel 14 with a lid was prepared.
  • the contact faces of the vessel 14 and lid 15 were mirror-polished and a Teflon O-ring 20 was used for sealing up the vessel.
  • An injection port 16 for the microorganism introduction, a discharge port 17 and a port 18 for sampling were provided on the lid 15 and a Teflon tube was attached to the discharge port 17 and fixed by means of a Teflon seal. Teflon coated rubber was attached to the sampling port.
  • Gravel with a mean diameter of 1 cm was put in the stainless vessel to a thickness of about 4 cm.
  • the gravel layer 22 was formed so that its moisture content and porosity (void ratio) were zero and 53% respectively.
  • the microorganism injection pipe 19 was driven into the gravel layer 22.
  • 2932 g of fine sand of a specific gravity of 2.7 was filled so that the moisture content and the void ratio of the sand layer be 14% and 40% respectively.
  • a layer of gravel with a mean diameter of 1 cm was further formed on the sand layer up to the top face of the stainless steel vessel.
  • the gravel layer also had a moisture content of zero and a void ratio of 53%.
  • the void volume of the soil in the stainless steel vessel is determined as follows:
  • the lid 15 was then set up on the stainless steel vessel 14.
  • the microorganism-injection pipe 19 was passed through the microorganism-injection port 16 on the lid 15, and the connection part was sealed with a Teflon seal.
  • the lid was fixed with vises to ensure sealing of the vessel.
  • a reservoir 25 containing 500 ml of an aqueous solution of 50 ppm TCE 26 and a pump 24 were prepared. After connecting a Teflon tube extending from the discharge port 17 through the reservoir 25 to the microorganism-injection port 17 by means of a pipe joint 27 as shown in Fig. 3, the fine sand in the vessel 14 was contaminated with a vapor of TCE sent from the reservoir by means of the pump 24, at a rate of 1 litter/min. for 25 hours. After disconnecting the TCE reservoir, a cultivation tank (not shown) of a pollutant-decomposing strain JM1 (FERM BP-5352) was connected to the microorganism-injection pipe 19 and the liquid culture of strain JM1 was slowly injected by means of compressed air.
  • a pollutant-decomposing strain JM1 (FERM BP-5352) was connected to the microorganism-injection pipe 19 and the liquid culture of strain JM1 was slowly injected by means of compressed air.
  • the JM1 cultivation tank was removed after injection and the injection port and discharge port were sealed. All of the overflow was collected.
  • a 0.5 ml liquid sample was taken from each of three sampling ports by inserting a syringe. Sampling points were the bottom (1 cm above the bottom gravel layer), the middle (5 cm above the bottom sampling point) and the top (5 cm above the middle sampling point) of the sand layer.
  • Each liquid sample was immediately placed in a bottle containing 5 ml of n-hexane and, after stirring for 3 minutes, the n-hexane layer was collected to determine TCE concentration by ECD gas-chromatography. The results are shown in Figs. 5 to 7 (Fig. 5: Top, Fig. 6: Middle, Fig. 7: Bottom of the sand layer).
  • the conditions of the culture of pollutant-degrading microorganism are as follows:
  • a 3 day culture of strain JM1 (4.8 ⁇ 10 8 cell/ml) was diluted 2-fold with M9 medium and used for the injection.
  • TCE concentration of the trapped overflow measured by the same method as described above was 20 ppm, indicating that the overflow contained TCE.
  • a stainless steel vessel containing the soil polluted with TCE was prepared as described in Example 1. The experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that M 9 medium was used instead of JM1 culture. The results are also shown in Figs. 5 to 7.
  • a stainless steel vessel containing the soil polluted with TCE was prepared as shown in Example 1 and the experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the injection of JM1 culture fluid was stopped when the liquid just come out from the discharge port to prevent overflow, that is, the injected amount of the culture was 493 ml (the soil void volume (853.5 cm 3 ) subtracted with the volume of the void water (360 ml)).
  • TCE concentrations in the sand layer in the stainless steel vessel were also measured by the same method as in Example 1. The results are shown in Figs. 5 to 7.
  • a 36.6 litters stainless steel vessel 28 with a lid was prepared. The contact faces of the vessel 28 and lid 29 were mirror-polished and a Teflon O-ring 30 was used for sealing up the vessel.
  • a soil hardening agent-injection port 31, microorganism-injection port 32 and TCE-introduction port 33, and two discharge ports 34 and 35 were provided on the lid 29.
  • a Teflon tube was fixed to each discharge port with a Teflon seal.
  • TCE-introduction pipe 37 An L-shaped stainless steel pipe of 14 mm diameter, tapered at the end, was used as the TCE-introduction pipe 37, where several holes of about 1 mm diameter were provided in the lower part so as to inject TCE from the bottom of the stainless steel vessel.
  • a stainless steel pipe with a diameter of 13 mm was also provided as the microorganism-introduction pipe 38.
  • Gravel was spread at the bottom of the stainless steel vessel to a height of about 4 cm to form a gravel layer 39.
  • fine sand 40 was put in the stainless steel vessel 28 up to 200 mm from the top of the stainless steel vessel 28, and an iron pipe 41 of 112 mm diameter and 200 mm long was driven into the sand layer.
  • an iron pipe 41 of 112 mm diameter and 200 mm long was driven into the sand layer.
  • a soil hardening agent-injection pipe 36 was driven into the sand layer.
  • a microorganism-introduction pipe 38 was driven into the sand layer parallel to the soil hardening agent-injection tube 26.
  • Gypsum 43 was injected around the soil hardening agent-injection pipe 36, microorganism-introduction tube 38 and TCE-introduction pipe 37 to fix them not to leave any space between the sand and pipes.
  • An iron lid 42 was set on the iron pipe 41 so that the soil hardening agent injection tube 36 and microorganisms injection tube 38 come through the lid, and the joints were fixed with gypsum.
  • Each pipe was inserted into the port provided on the lid 29 of the stainless steel vessel and sealed with a Teflon seal. The lid was fixed with vises and the tight sealing was confirmed.
  • the soil hardening agent-injection tube 36 was then connected to the soil hardening agent tank 50 via a valve 47 and a booster pump 46.
  • a soil hardening agent of water glass type (made by Nitto Kagaku Co.) was used as a soil hardening agent.
  • the valve was closed and the stainless steel vessel was left standing for 24 hours.
  • the lid 29 was removed and the iron pipe 41 was withdrawn to find that the bottom of the iron pipe was sealed with a hardened product of the water glass type hardening agent. It was also confirmed that neither gaseous TCE, the liquid medium containing the microorganism to be used in this example nor water would not leak from the iron pipe 41.
  • the void volume of the soil region isolated from the surrounding environment by the iron pipe 51 was first determined.
  • the specific gravity, moisture content and weight of the unit volume of the soil were also determined using the samples randomly collected from three points in the isolated soil region. The results were a specific gravity of 2.7, a moisture content of 14% and an weight of the unit volume of 1.86 g/cm 3 . There were no significant difference among these values due to the difference of the sampling points. Therefore, the total soil void volume of the isolated soil region was calculated to be 779.1 cm 3 from the foregoing equation (1).
  • the test system shown in Fig. 4 was assembled by the same method as described above. 500 ml of an aqueous solution of 400 ppm TCE was put in a reservoir 44 and this reservoir 44 was connected to the TCE-introduction port 33 via a pump 45 using a Teflon tube. The reservoir 44 was also connected to the discharge ports 34 and 35 using Teflon tubes. Then, the pump 45 was operated to circulate gaseous TCE at a rate of 1 litter/min. for 24 hours to contaminate the sand in the vessel. After that, the Teflon tubes connected to the two discharge ports were removed and an air sample was taken by inserting a syringe through each discharge port into the sand layer to a depth of 100 mm. TCE gas concentration was assayed by FID gas chromatography (trade name: GC-14B, made by Shimadzu Co.). The result showed that the gas concentrations were 985 ppm and 950 ppm at the discharge ports 34 and 35, respectively.
  • the soil hardening agent-injection tube 36 was connected to the soil hardening agent tank 50 via the valve 47 and booster pump 46.
  • a water glass type soil hardening agent (made by Nitto kagaku Co.) was used as the soil hardening agent.
  • the valve was closed. The vessel was left standing for 24 hours. Then, the Teflon tubes connecting the discharge ports 34 and 35 and the reservoir 44 were disconnected from the reservoir tank 44 by switching the valve 56 and 57.
  • the Teflon tube extending from the discharge port 34 was connected to a decomposition apparatus 53 containing 500 ml of the liquid culture of strain JM1 (FERM BP-5352).
  • the strain JM1 used in the decomposition apparatus was grown by the same method as used for soil injection.
  • the Teflon tube connected to the discharge port 35 was connected to the activated carbon column 52.
  • a colony of strain JM1 (FERM BP-5352) grown on M9 agar medium containing 1 wt% of malic acid was transferred to M9 liquid medium containing 1 wt% of sodium glutamate and cultured with shaking at 15 °C for 2 days.
  • the cell concentration of the liquid culture after 2 days' shaking culture was 6 ⁇ 10 8 CFU/ml.
  • This culture was diluted 2- and 4-fold with M9 medium containing no carbon source and the dilutions were aerated with oxygen gas for 10 minutes. Dilutions were injected into the soil in the above prepared two vessels respectively, by the same method as described in Example 1.
  • Example 3 Two sets of simulated TCE polluted soil were prepared as in Example 3.
  • the culture liquid medium of the strain JM1 cultivated under the same condition as in Example 3 was diluted 2- and 4-fold with M9 culture medium containing no carbon source and aerated with air for 10 minutes. These dilutions were injected into the vessels containing the TCE polluted soil, and the TCE concentration in the soil was measured by the same method as described in Example 3. The results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
  • Example 3 Exposed to oxygen for 10 minutes
  • Example 4 Exposed to air for 10 minutes
  • Example 5 no aeration
  • Example 6 Top 0.03 (ppm) 0.08 (ppm) 0.23 (ppm) 1.10 (ppm) Middle 0.02 0.06 0.09 0.34 Bottom not detected 0.03 0.1 0.10 JM1 culture ( 4-fold dilution ) Sampling point
  • Example 4 Example 5
  • Example 6 Top 0.05 (ppm) 0.09 (ppm) 0.12 2.15 (ppm) Middle 0.03 0.08 0.08 0.41 Bottom 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.15

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. In situ-Sanierungsverfahren zur Behandlung eines Bereichs (9), in welchem ein flüchtiger Schadstoff in einen Bodenhohlraum zurückgehalten wird, mit den Schritten:
    (i) Vorsehen von wenigstens einem von (a) einer Flüssigkeit, welche einen Mikroorganismus mit einer Aktivität zum Abbau des Schadstoffs enthält, oder (b) einer Flüssigkeit, welche einen Mikroorganismus mit der Fähigkeit zum Abbau des Schadstoffs und ein Aktivierungsmittel für den Mikroorganismus enthält;
    (ii) Isolierung des Bereichs (9) von seiner umgebenden Umwelt mit einer Barriere (1, 7), welche verhindert, dass der Schadstoff, der Mikroorganismus, das Aktivierungsmittel und Wasser dadurch dringt;
    (iii) Einspritzen der Flüssigkeit in den Bereich (9), isoliert in dem Schritt (ii), so dass der Bodenhohlraum mit der Flüssigkeit gefüllt wird, und der in dem Bodenhohlraum zurück gehaltene flüchtige Schadstoff vom Boden zu der Oberfläche des Bereichs sich hin bewegt, und
    (iv) Abbau jedes in dem Bodenhohlraum verbleibenden Schadstoffs mit dem Mikroorganismus in der Flüssigkeit eingespritzt in Schritt (iii);
       dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
       der Schritt (iii) des Einspritzens der Flüssigkeit fortgesetzt wird, so dass der flüchtige Schadstoff schließlich von der Oberfläche des Bereichs (9) ausgestoßen wird; und
       ein weiterer Schritt (v) durchgeführt wird, mit
       (v) Einführen des von der Oberfläche des Bereichs in Schritt (iii) abgegebenen Schadstoffs in eine Schadstoffabbauvorrichtung (12) und Abbau des Schadstoffs.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei Schritt (iii) durch Einspritzen der Flüssigkeit in den Bereich in einer 1,1-fachen Menge oder mehr eines Hohlraumvolumens des isolierten Bereichs (9) durchgeführt wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Flüssigkeit in einer 1,2-fachen Menge oder mehr des Hohlraumvolumens des isolierten Bereichs (9) eingespritzt wird.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 einschließlich Schritt (i)(b), und wobei das Aktivierungsmittel wenigstens einen Nährstoff und einen Induktor für den Mikroorganismus enthält.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 einschließlich Schritt (i)(b), und wobei das Aktivierungsmittel ein Kulturmedium ist, welches keine Kohlenstoffquelle für den Mikroorganismus enthält.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei das Verfahren ferner einen Schritt des Aussetzens der Flüssigkeit mit Sauerstoff oder Luft vor dem Einspritzen der Flüssigkeit in den Bereich (9) in Schritt (iii) umfasst.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei der Mikroorganismus in einem Zustand einer höchsten Abbauaktivität für den Schadstoff in den Bereich eingespritzt wird.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei Schritt (ii) durch Bau eines Behandlungsgefäßes (8) in dem Grund durchgeführt wird, so dass der Bereich (9) von der umgebenden Umwelt isoliert wird, wobei das Gefäß verhindert, dass der Schadstoff, der Mikroorganismus, das Aktivierungsmittel und Wasser dadurch dringt.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei in Schritt (i) eine Flüssigkeit vorgesehen wird, welche einen Mikroorganismus enthält mit (a) einer Aktivität zum Abbau, oder (b) einer Fähigkeit zum Abbau eines Kohlenwasserstoffschadstoffs.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, wobei der Mikroorganismus (a) eine Aktivität oder (b) eine Fähigkeit zum Abbau wenigstens eine einer aliphatischen chlorierten Kohlenwasserstoffverbindung oder einer aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffverbindung hat.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, wobei der Mikroorganismus (a) eine Aktivität, oder (b) eine Fähigkeit zum Abbau wenigstens einen von Dichlorethylen, Trichlorethylen und Tetrachlorethylen hat.
  12. Vorrichtung für eine in situ-Sanierungsbehandlung von belastetem Boden, wobei die Vorrichtung umfasst:
    Einspritzeinrichtung (10, 11, 5) zum Einspritzen von entweder (a) einer Flüssigkeit, welche einen Mikroorganismus enthält, der eine Aktivität zum Abbau eines Bodenschadstoffs hat, oder (b) eine Flüssigkeit, welche einen Mikroorganismus, der die Fähigkeit zum Abbau eines Bodenschadstoffs hat, und ein Aktivierungsmittel für den Mikroorganismus enthält, in den Boden;
    einer Barriereneinrichtung (1, 7) oder einem Behandlungsgefäß (8) aus einem Material, um zu verhindern, dass der Schadstoff, der Mikroorganismus, das Aktivierungsmittel, wenn vorhanden, oder Wasser dadurch dringt, zur Isolierung eines Schadstoff belasteten Bereichs (9) des Bodens von dem umgebenden Boden; und
    einer Entfernungseinrichtung (10, 6) zur Entfernung von Hohlraumwasser aus dem Schadstoff-belasteten Bereich des Bodens;
       wobei die Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens des Anspruchs 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass:
    die Entfernungseinrichtung (10, 6) wirksam zur Entfernung von Hohlraumwasser durch Bewegung der Flüssigkeit zu der Bodenoberfläche hin, und schließlich Abgabe des Hohlraumwassers und jedes enthaltenen Schadstoffs von der Oberfläche ist; und ebenfalls eine Schadstoffabbauvorrichtung (12) zur Verfügung gestellt wird, verbunden mit der Entfernungseinrichtung (10, 6) zum Abbau von mit dem Hohlraumwasser entfernten Schadstoff, abgegeben von der Oberfläche des isolierten Bereichs (9) des Bodens.
  13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, welches ebenfalls eine Zufuhrquelle der Flüssigkeit (a) oder (b) enthält.
EP98302282A 1997-03-26 1998-03-25 Verfahren zur Sanierung von Böden Expired - Lifetime EP0867238B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP73806/97 1997-03-26
JP7380697 1997-03-26
JP7380697 1997-03-26
JP18928/98 1998-01-30
JP1892898 1998-01-30
JP1892898 1998-01-30
JP71995/98 1998-03-20
JP7199598 1998-03-20
JP07199598A JP3703288B2 (ja) 1997-03-26 1998-03-20 土壌の浄化方法

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0867238A2 EP0867238A2 (de) 1998-09-30
EP0867238A3 EP0867238A3 (de) 2000-04-05
EP0867238B1 true EP0867238B1 (de) 2003-07-09

Family

ID=27282418

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98302282A Expired - Lifetime EP0867238B1 (de) 1997-03-26 1998-03-25 Verfahren zur Sanierung von Böden

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6368019B2 (de)
EP (1) EP0867238B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3703288B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2233034C (de)
DE (1) DE69816159T2 (de)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100353301B1 (ko) * 2000-10-04 2002-09-18 한국철도기술연구원 일체형 오염토양 복원시스템
US20030210956A1 (en) * 2002-05-10 2003-11-13 Tanaka Kankyo-Kaihatsu Co. Method for purifying a layer of contaminated soil and apparatus
US6874976B2 (en) * 2003-02-21 2005-04-05 Kyokado Engineering Co., Ltd. Multipoint grouting method and apparatus therefor
US20090011413A1 (en) * 2005-12-14 2009-01-08 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Method for screening colon cancer cells and gene set used for examination of colon cancer
US8187803B2 (en) * 2006-03-31 2012-05-29 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Probe, probe set, probe-immobilized carrier, and genetic testing method
NL2003665C2 (nl) * 2008-12-01 2011-04-12 Thatchtec B V Werkwijze voor biologische grondontsmetting.
CN103586277A (zh) * 2012-08-14 2014-02-19 江苏盖亚环境工程有限公司 一种利用生物修复试剂处理污染浅层地下水和土壤的方法
US9380797B2 (en) * 2014-10-24 2016-07-05 Safe Foods Corporation Antimicrobial capture system with carbon container
CN110419286B (zh) * 2019-08-29 2022-03-18 浙江海洋大学 利用生物基调理剂改良盐碱地土壤的方法
CN111530910B (zh) * 2020-05-13 2021-10-26 山东环保产业集团有限公司 一种化工污染的深层土壤修复装置
CN112662516A (zh) * 2020-12-02 2021-04-16 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 一种土壤微生物培育装置
CN113263047A (zh) * 2021-05-28 2021-08-17 贵州欧瑞欣合环保股份有限公司 一种污染区土壤修复装置

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8100879A (nl) 1981-02-23 1982-09-16 Tno Werkwijze voor het verwijderen van ongewenste bestanddelen uit de grond.
US4749491A (en) * 1987-04-02 1988-06-07 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Microbiological decomposition of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons
US4842448A (en) * 1987-11-12 1989-06-27 Drexel University Method of removing contaminants from contaminated soil in situ
EP0625126B1 (de) * 1992-08-27 1999-12-08 United States Department Of Energy Biologische entsorgung von verunreinigtem grundwasser
US5286140A (en) * 1992-12-17 1994-02-15 Petro Environmental Technologies, Inc. Bioremediation systems and methods
US5753003A (en) 1993-02-16 1998-05-19 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Method for bio-remedying polluted soil
JPH06292874A (ja) * 1993-04-09 1994-10-21 Ohbayashi Corp 廃棄物処分場
US5435666A (en) * 1993-12-14 1995-07-25 Environmental Resources Management, Inc. Methods for isolating a water table and for soil remediation
GB9412997D0 (en) * 1994-06-28 1994-08-17 Pelletier Marc Antoine Method of decontaminating soils in situ combining horizontal radial flow technique and depolluting agents in a confined site
JP3155918B2 (ja) * 1994-12-12 2001-04-16 キヤノン株式会社 微生物による環境修復方法及び土壌処理方法
EP0715903B1 (de) * 1994-12-12 1999-05-19 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Verfahren zur Umweltsanierung mittels Mikroorganismen und Verfahren zur Behandlung des Bodens
US5730550A (en) 1995-08-15 1998-03-24 Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University Method for placement of a permeable remediation zone in situ
US5577558A (en) * 1995-10-16 1996-11-26 General Motors Corporation In-well device for in situ removal of underground contaminants

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0867238A2 (de) 1998-09-30
US6368019B2 (en) 2002-04-09
JP3703288B2 (ja) 2005-10-05
US20020009332A1 (en) 2002-01-24
EP0867238A3 (de) 2000-04-05
DE69816159T2 (de) 2004-06-03
JPH11277045A (ja) 1999-10-12
CA2233034A1 (en) 1998-09-26
DE69816159D1 (de) 2003-08-14
CA2233034C (en) 2003-11-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0785035B1 (de) Verfahren zur Sanierung von Böden
EP0867238B1 (de) Verfahren zur Sanierung von Böden
US5577558A (en) In-well device for in situ removal of underground contaminants
US6331300B1 (en) Compositions for providing a chemical to a microorganism
JP3728510B2 (ja) 土壌汚染対策方法および土壌汚染対策システム
US5653675A (en) Bioremediation process for polluted soil water system
KR20030087915A (ko) 오염된 토양층의 정화 방법 및 장치
Gruiz et al. In situ bioremediation of hydrocarbon in soil
RU2189285C2 (ru) Способ восстановления in situ загрязненных почв
JPH0880484A (ja) 汚染土壌・汚染地下水の浄化方法
EP0868230A2 (de) Biologischer abbau in ungesättigter zone
Kardena et al. Biosurfactants and soil bioremediation
Khodadoust et al. Solvent washing of PCP contaminated soils with anaerobic treatment of wash fluids
US7252986B2 (en) Process for the biodegradation of hydrocarbons and ethers in subsurface soil by introduction of a solid oxygen source by hydraulic fracturing
JP3930785B2 (ja) 汚染地層浄化方法およびそれに用いる汚染地層浄化システム
JP3458688B2 (ja) 地下水汚染の修復方法及びその装置
JP3491963B2 (ja) 地下汚染物質の拡散抑制及びその浄化方法
JPH11169839A (ja) 土壌浄化方法および装置
KR100377911B1 (ko) 지하수 거동에 따른 유류오염원의 확산방지 및 처리를 위한 통합적인 유로 유도형 오염처리장치 및 그설치방법
CHRISTODOULATOS et al. In situ groundwater treatment in a trench bio-sparge system
JP3217693B2 (ja) 汚染土壌の浄化方法及び汚染土壌の浄化装置
Yang et al. A conceptual study on the bio‐wall technology: Feasibility and process design
WO2011057117A1 (en) Subsurface contaminant capture composition
JP3618785B2 (ja) 微生物破砕物を用いた汚染土壌の浄化方法
JP2002331280A (ja) 土壌および／または地下水の汚染物質処理剤および処理方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): DE FR GB NL

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20000817

AKX Designation fees paid

Free format text: DE FR GB NL

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20020318

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): DE FR GB NL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69816159

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20030814

Kind code of ref document: P

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20040414

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20090318

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20090331

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20090331

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20090325

Year of fee payment: 12

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: V1

Effective date: 20101001

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20100325

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20101130

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20101001

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20101001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100325