EP0867234B1 - Selektives Vibrationstrennsieb - Google Patents

Selektives Vibrationstrennsieb Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0867234B1
EP0867234B1 EP19970440027 EP97440027A EP0867234B1 EP 0867234 B1 EP0867234 B1 EP 0867234B1 EP 19970440027 EP19970440027 EP 19970440027 EP 97440027 A EP97440027 A EP 97440027A EP 0867234 B1 EP0867234 B1 EP 0867234B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
trough
troughs
angle
vibrating separator
separator according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19970440027
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0867234A1 (de
Inventor
Patrick Romieux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Skako Comessa
Original Assignee
Somestra Industrie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Somestra Industrie filed Critical Somestra Industrie
Priority to DE69714008T priority Critical patent/DE69714008D1/de
Priority to EP19970440027 priority patent/EP0867234B1/de
Publication of EP0867234A1 publication Critical patent/EP0867234A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0867234B1 publication Critical patent/EP0867234B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/10—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects
    • B07B13/11—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects involving travel of particles over surfaces which separate by centrifugal force or by relative friction between particles and such surfaces, e.g. helical sorters
    • B07B13/113—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects involving travel of particles over surfaces which separate by centrifugal force or by relative friction between particles and such surfaces, e.g. helical sorters shaking tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/12—Apparatus having only parallel elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D29/00—Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group; Removing cores; Handling ingots
    • B22D29/02—Vibratory apparatus specially designed for shaking out flasks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a selective separator device vibrating, based on a classic screen box to which is applied a unidirectional vibration, and comprising a sorting system allowing to separate elements made of materials of nature very different in the agglomerated or separated state.
  • the screens allowing a selection of elements by their size are well known and used for a long time in different industries.
  • a example is provided by GB 2 228 692, which presents a filing date dating back to 1990, and the design of which is based on displacement of elements to be sorted on a plurality of successive combs partially superimposed, between the teeth of which the parts to separate may fall depending on their size.
  • the purpose of the screens described in GB 2 228 692 is therefore to proceed with a separation based essentially on the size of the elements that power the machine.
  • the principle which is the basis of the invention, allowing to achieve a separation of the elements at a satisfactory rate, lies in the characterization and the use of the behavior of each type of element composing the material complex to sort on contact with a vibrating surface, for given parameters of vibration.
  • the example which will be used relates to the separation of jets and weights aluminum flows, polymerized cores and soft sand, these elements from clusters of castings from an aluminum foundry.
  • the behavior of the aforementioned elements in contact with vibrating surfaces provided specific equipment is very different, due to the individual response that they bring to the given vibration.
  • the problem is therefore to design an apparatus able to use these differences for separation / sorting purposes. Additionally, the modification of the state of certain elements during the process must also be taken into account and managed by said apparatus.
  • the separator of the invention solving the problems posed previously, includes a classic vibrating box fitted with an equally traditional mechanism to generate unidirectional vibrations.
  • This mechanism could for example be based on two motorcycle vibrators, or have a known mechanical exciter, or be made up of two crossed unbalanced trees.
  • the box fitted to the invention comprises a sorting system consisting of troughs succeeding each other linearly, fed at one end of the succession by elements formed of materials of different nature, which occur in agglomerated or in a separate state, but not sorted, and are intended to move on said troughs.
  • the sorting of said elements is carried out by the combination between on the one hand the angle ⁇ , the amplitude a and the frequency ⁇ of the vibrations communicated to the troughs via the vibrating box, and on the other hand the configuration and the relative positioning of said troughs.
  • successive troughs of the separator of the invention of which one of axial ends of each trough comprising a filtering comb intended to trap small volume materials by gravity, one area to another axial end of each trough forms an angle with said surface main of the trough giving it an inclination relative to the horizontal angle ⁇ greater than ⁇ , an axial end of each trough present a horizontal overlay area with the opposite axial end of the adjacent trough, are characterized in that the end of the filter comb of a trough is located below and at a horizontal distance
  • the filter combs are intended to trap by gravitation of small volume materials.
  • each trough may comprise on at least part of the surface on which move the items to be sorted, a screen cloth.
  • the main surface of said troughs is inclined at an angle ⁇ by compared to the horizontal, so that the succession of troughs present for the materials to be separated a corresponding succession of jumps at the passage of a trough to the other.
  • Said comb is preferably of a length greater than the area of horizontal overlay.
  • part of the filter comb does not have of elements located between it and the system responsible for recovering the elements filtered. They can therefore drop down without obstacles and be recovered.
  • the materials to be sorted are, as we have seen, jets and pouring weights aluminum, polymerized cores based on sand and fuzzy sand from clusters of aluminum castings.
  • the jets and weights, the polymerized cores and the blurred sand supply continues the first trough, on which they vibrate according to the vibration parameters a, ⁇ and ⁇ .
  • the blurred sand either coming directly from the feeding system, or detaching polymerized cores and aluminum parts due to vibrations, is filtered by the surface portions comprising a screen cloth, and / or by the end comb.
  • Each subsequent trough then traps the blurred sand in the same way.
  • the steeper slope of the lower end of the troughs, near the jump zone, allows their evacuation. A number of nuclei are directly evacuated after jumping from one trough to another, when they fall on or in the immediate vicinity of the larger area.
  • Kernels whose physical characteristics are such that they could advance at least originally in the direction of progression of the pieces aluminum, also disintegrate due to vibrations and are treated with as explained above for soft sand.
  • the aluminum parts lose the sand which is agglomerated to them during their slow progression, always carried out since the start of the start, i.e. the one which is continuously fed by the unsorted elements, towards the last trough, from which they fall towards an evacuation system provided for this purpose.
  • the three materials making up the input elements are therefore separated during the continuous routing carried out by the machine.
  • the separator box (1) is traditional, for example made up of two vertical walls connected to each other by cross beams, and it is equipped of a mechanism (2) known per se generating a unidirectional vibration. Said vibration (v) is symbolized by the double arrow which provides at the same time its direction.
  • the parameters (a, ⁇ , ⁇ ) are the amplitude, the angle with respect horizontally and the frequency of this vibration (v).
  • the reception area (3) for the materials to be sorted is located under a strip conveyor (4) bringing said materials continuously.
  • the troughs (5) follow one another axially from left to right, each comprising at least two distinct zones as will be seen below.
  • the blurred sand and the polymerized sand cores are recovered in a vibrating chute (6) which conveys the sand laterally to a simple bucket handled or, preferably, a band carrying out the evacuation in continuous waste.
  • the reception area (3) and the last trough (5) are preferably provided with screening cloth, with openings calibrated from 5 mm, allowing to sift the blurred sand.
  • trapping said blurred sand is preferably made at the level of the jumping zones.
  • Figure 2 is an enlargement of a possible configuration of the troughs (5, 5 ', 5 ") comprising the essential features of the invention.
  • the main surface (8) forming the longest section of the trough (5) is inclined by an angle ⁇ , while the zone of greatest slope (9), located under the comb (10) of the previous trough (5 '), is inclined at an angle ⁇ .
  • the meaning of reading (F) of this diagram is reversed compared to figure 1.
  • the parts metallic aluminum therefore in this figure from the right to the left, jumping from the comb (10) of a trough (5) towards the zone of slope ⁇ of the trough next (5 ") then progressing slowly on the main surface (8) of said trough (5 "), whether or not fitted with screening cloth.
  • nuclei generally progress in the opposite direction to the arrow F and disappear under the effect of their weight, towards the bottom of the box (1), direction of the recovery system (6). The same goes for nuclei cured which have jumped from one trough (5) to the other, which separate at this level metallic elements, which plunge directly towards the area angle ⁇ , then towards the bottom of the box (1).
  • Figure 3 shows the components of Figure 2, in partial top view for the troughs (5, 5 ', 5 "). Each is in fact half represented in width, so that their axial ends are clearly visible.
  • This figure shows a possible configuration of the combs (10), as well as the partial overlap of said combs with the zone of greatest slope (9) troughs (5, 5 ', 5 ").
  • the top view also allows you to view an order of size for length I.
  • the direction of operation is identical to that of the previous figure.
  • the small pieces of sand and blurred sand are trapped on the combs and pass below the troughs (5, 5 ', 5 ").
  • the blurred sand is also sieved on the fabrics of the reception area (3) and from the last trough (5 ").
  • the aluminum parts rise slowly, as well as the fuzzy sand and small nuclei, while the others nuclei slowly recede and partially disintegrate again forming sand advancing in reverse.
  • nuclei are trapped directly at the time of the jump, and they are immediately evacuated via the steepest area.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Vibrierende, selektive Trennvorrichtung, die einen Behälter (1) umfaßt, auf den eine Vibration in einer Richtung ausgeübt wird, wobei der Behälter (1) ein Sortiersystem enthält, das aus in einer Linie aufeinanderfolgenden Mulden (5, 5', 5") gebildet ist, die an einem Ende der Folge mit Elementen versorgt werden, die aus Materialien unterschiedlicher Art gebildet sind, die entweder im getrennten Zustand oder im zusammengeklumpten Zustand vorliegen und sich über den Mulden (5, 5', 5") bewegen sollen, wobei die Sortierung dieser Elemente durch die Kombination zwischen einerseits dem Winkel α, der Amplitude a und der Frequenz η der über den vibrierenden Behälter (1) an die Mulden (5, 5', 5") übertragenen Vibrationen und andererseits der Konfiguration und der relativen Positionierung der Mulden (5, 5', 5") ausgeführt wird, wobei eines der axialen Enden jeder Mulde (5, 5', 5") einen Filterkamm (10) umfaßt, der dazu bestimmt ist, durch die Schwerkraft Materialien mit kleinem Volumen einzufangen, wobei eine Zone (9), die sich am anderen axialen Ende jeder Mulde (5, 5', 5") befindet, mit der Hauptoberfläche der Mulde (5, 5', 5") einen Winkel bildet, der ihr in bezug auf die Horizontale einen Winkel y größer als β verleiht, wobei ein axiales Ende jeder Mulde (5, 5', 5") eine Zone einer horizontalen Überlappung mit dem gegenüberliegenden axialen Ende der benachbarten Mulde (5, 5', 5") aufweist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich das Ende des Filterkamms (10) einer Mulde (5, 5', 5") diesseits und in einem horizontalen Abstand l von der Schnittlinie der beiden Oberflächen (8, 9) mit Winkeln γ und β der benachbarten Mulde (5,5',5"), der kleiner als die Länge des Abschnitts (9) mit Winkel γ ist, und in einem vertikalen Abstand h von dem Abschnitt (9) mit Winkel γ, der größer als der horizontale Abstand l ist, befindet.
  2. Vibrierende, selektive Trennvorrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Mulde (5, 5', 5") wenigstens in einem Teil der Oberfläche (8), auf der sich die Elemente bewegen, ein Siebleinen aufweist.
  3. Vibrierende, selektive Trennvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hauptoberfläche (8) der Mulden (5, 5', 5") um einen Winkel β in bezug auf die Horizontale geneigt ist, derart, daß die Folge von Mulden (5, 5', 5") für die zu trennenden Materialien eine entsprechende Folge von Vorsprüngen beim Übergang von einer Mulde zur nächsten aufweisen.
  4. Vibrierende, selektive Trennvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das axiale Ende jeder Mulde (5, 5', 5") mit einem Kamm (10) versehen ist, dessen Länge größer als die Zone der horizontalen Überlappung ist.
  5. Vibrierende, selektive Trennvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zu sortierenden Materialien Strahlen und Abfälle von Aluminiumschmelzen, polymerisierte Kerne auf Sandbasis und trüber Sand, der von Angüssen stammt, die von einer Aluminiumgießerei abgegeben werden, sind.
  6. Vibrierende, selektive Trennvorrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Werte der für die Trennung verwendeten Parameter innerhalb der folgenden Intervalle liegen:
    ±0,03 ≤ a ≤ ±0,035 (m)
    35 ≤ α ≤ 45 (°)
    900 ≤ η ≤ 1100 (Hz)
    5 ≤ β ≤ 9 (°)
    10 ≤ γ ≤ 15 (°)
    0,08 ≤ h ≤ 0,12 (m)
    0,06 ≤ I ≤0,1 (m).
  7. Vibrierende, selektive Trennvorrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß folgende Werte verwendet werden:
    a = ±0,032 m
    α = 42°
    η =1000 Hz
    β = 7°
    γ = 12°
    h = 0,1 m
    I = 0,08 m.
EP19970440027 1997-03-25 1997-03-25 Selektives Vibrationstrennsieb Expired - Lifetime EP0867234B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE69714008T DE69714008D1 (de) 1997-03-25 1997-03-25 Selektives Vibrationstrennsieb
EP19970440027 EP0867234B1 (de) 1997-03-25 1997-03-25 Selektives Vibrationstrennsieb

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19970440027 EP0867234B1 (de) 1997-03-25 1997-03-25 Selektives Vibrationstrennsieb

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EP0867234A1 EP0867234A1 (de) 1998-09-30
EP0867234B1 true EP0867234B1 (de) 2002-07-17

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024068828A1 (fr) * 2022-09-29 2024-04-04 Rosi Procede de separation mecanique de differents materiaux semi-conducteurs, isolants ou metalliques d'un composant ou module, par exemple photovoltaique, pour le recyclage de ce dernier

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113333718B (zh) * 2021-06-11 2022-10-18 河北中和铸造有限公司 一种铸造用自动落砂机

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB664598A (en) * 1949-01-21 1952-01-09 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to foundry apparatus
JPS59224266A (ja) * 1983-06-03 1984-12-17 Sintokogio Ltd 鋳物の後処理装置
SE457611B (sv) * 1985-12-30 1989-01-16 Plm Ab Anordning foer separering av avfall
CA2007825C (en) * 1989-03-01 1999-04-20 Raymond W. Sherman Material separating apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024068828A1 (fr) * 2022-09-29 2024-04-04 Rosi Procede de separation mecanique de differents materiaux semi-conducteurs, isolants ou metalliques d'un composant ou module, par exemple photovoltaique, pour le recyclage de ce dernier
FR3140289A1 (fr) * 2022-09-29 2024-04-05 Rosi Procede de separation mecanique de differents materiaux semi-conducteurs, isolants ou metalliques d’un composant ou module, par exemple photovoltaique, pour le recyclage de ce dernier

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EP0867234A1 (de) 1998-09-30
DE69714008D1 (de) 2002-08-22

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