EP0865901A2 - Baling press - Google Patents

Abstract

The upper front door, during the return stroke of the press plate, opens the filling opening automatically vertically upwards by a catch. A protection switch interrupts the pressing operation if the lower or upper door is open, and a second switch interrupts the pressing operation if the upper door is moved manually during the opening operation. The switch consists of a sensor with a coded magnet, and when the contact between the two is closed the baling press is ready for operation.

Description

The present invention relates to a baler, especially for the pressing of waste paper, waste cardboard and the like residues consisting of a through two side walls, a rear wall, a floor and a front wall limited press room and from one in the press room vertically movable press plate, the front wall in its upper part there is a filler opening through a first, multi-part and movable and pivotable Door is lockable, and one in its lower part Bale removal opening, which can be closed by a second door is.

A baler of the type mentioned is from the DE 31 12 914 C3 known. This baler has one Throw-in door which comprises two separate door parts, but which coupled in their movement by a mechanism are. The upper part of the door is vertical Direction shiftable; the lower part of the door is one horizontal axis along its bottom edge relative to the Press housing swiveling. If an operator the lower part of the door swings upwards in the closing direction, this will simultaneously become the upper part of the door shifted downwards in the vertical direction. As a disadvantage is particularly in this known baler the high effort for the mechanical coupling between viewed the two separate door parts. Besides, can it easily obstruct the door operation by protruding after loading paper and the like Parts of it come from a movement of the stand vertically displaceable upper door part in the way. Because the movements of the two door parts are forcibly coupled expire, is the one that can be applied by an operator Force only for simultaneous actuation of the two door parts available; one successive Actuation of the door parts with the full one An operator is excluded here. It is therefore relative in practice with this baler often required after an initial door attempt to open the door parts again and by Hand protruding paper parts further into the press room push in to perform the closing of the door can.

Another baler is known from US-PS 1 112 723 known. This baler has an overall opening Front wall on that like a door along a vertical Swivel axis is movable. The upper part of this The door can be swiveled around its lower horizontal edge executed to fill the upper part of the door Press in the open state of the upper door part as Use the slide for the paper to be inserted in the press room to be able to. The disadvantage of this baler, that the operating personnel, especially with relative large balers, relatively far from the filling opening must be removed if paper and the like introduced through the filling opening in the press room because the upper part of the door is open Prevents operators from going straight to the fill opening to get. For this reason it is also for the operating personnel very difficult towards the end of the Parts of the paper still protruding from Hand press completely into the press room. this leads to to the fact that when closing the filler opening by pivoting of the upper door part protruding upwards Paper is folded up with and between the upper end of the hinged door part and the upper edge of the filler opening is jammed. This one too Baler is often required to the top Open the door part again, paper protruding downwards to bend and in the horizontal direction in the Push the press room in by hand and then push the door again close.

DE 195 45 766 A1 describes a baler with a Known front door, the two hinged together Door parts is divided, but not vertical Have displaceability. The door is on the top edge its upper part of the door can be swiveled horizontally on Press housing supported, the second, lower part of the door is articulated with its upper edge to the lower edge of the connected to the upper part of the door. Disabled with this baler the open door of the filling opening does the filling process not, but here too the closing can the door through after loading paper and the like protruding paper parts are still hindered. Around protruding pieces of paper in when closing this door Being able to push the press space in is a considerable one Force required by the operator cannot be achieved in every case.

Therefore, for the present invention Task to a baler of the type mentioned create that avoids the disadvantages listed and in particular an unimpeded filling of paper and the like is possible in the press room which also closes the door of the filling opening parts of paper still protruding at the end of the filling process is easily and easily possible and in which the mechanical construction requires little effort.

This object is achieved in accordance with the invention by a baler of the type mentioned, which thereby is characterized in that the first door has an upper, only vertically movable door part and one with it connected, together with the upper door part vertically movable as well as around a horizontal axis has pivotable lower door part, the horizontal axis along the upper edge of the lower door part and the associated bottom edge of the top Door part runs.

In the baler according to the invention is advantageous achieved that the operator when filling Paper and the like in the press room very close to that Filling opening can approach what the filling of the Press much easier. When open the Filling opening is the first door up from the opening area moved so that when filling it is not a hindrance to the press. When filling the Press is completed, the first door is down moved, with this process the lower door part at an acute angle downwards and shows outside. This forms the inside of the lower one Door part has an inlet slope that is very effective for that ensures that any excess paper in the inside of the press room can be pressed without this particularly large forces must be applied. If the first door is moved down, the lower door part pivoted towards the press room and the filling opening is then closed. In this Stand range of the pivoting movement of the lower door part usually no more paper parts before, so this Swiveling movement requires no special actuation forces. If paper still protrudes here, this becomes after the lower door part is swung in pressed inside and completely bulged upwards moved into the press room. It can be used in practice hardly ever occur in the baler according to the invention, that closing the door by protruding paper parts is completely prevented or made very difficult.

It is preferably provided for vertical displaceability side guides on the first door Front wall are provided and that in the guides each a switch is provided for vertical displacement the first door starting from its upper, the open position final position down their forcibly swing the lower part outwards. With this configuration will be a safe, operating error Avoiding handling of the baler ensured.

It is also proposed that the lower part of the first Door in its lower displacement end position an outwardly pivoted position into engagement can be swiveled in and locked into the guides is durable. Hereby is achieved in particular that at the end of the closing process of the first door from Operators only a force in the pivoting direction must be exercised and that when reaching the The door automatically locks into the closed position. The difficult simultaneous actuation of a locking element is therefore not required what the actuation simplified and more secure.

It is also provided that that provided in each guide Turnout so executed or that an additional one Switch is arranged in the guides so that when vertical Moving the first door from its bottom, the closed position with the lower pivoted in End part forming the door part upwards its lower Part forcibly swings outwards. In this way the operation of the first door is further simplified, because e.g. the setting of a certain position, in the lower part of the door can be pivoted, not necessary is. Rather, is practically without assistance from the Operators only by moving the first door up the lower door part from the guide moved out and thus pivoted outwards. The further one Pivotal movement can then be done by hand if necessary be carried out, particularly depending on whether and how far any paper parts from the Protruding the press chamber outwards.

It is further proposed that the bottom of the side edges of the lower part of the first door each a spring-loaded Locking pin provided as a guide element on the door side is and that the guides on the front wall essentially designed as U-profiles open to the first door are. This design of the guides and door-side Guide elements allow the use of very simple ones Components that are inexpensive to manufacture and which at the same time ensures reliable operation of the baler guarantee.

Another contribution to simplifying the construction the baler is achieved in that the switches each by an inclined one in the guide Level are formed, the height of which increases to a level that corresponds at least to the depth of the U-profile of the guides. The inclined planes ensure that the locking bolts slide on them under deflection until the latter are so far compressed that they disengage come with the u-profiles of the guides. In this position the locking pin will pivot the lower one Door part possible, so that no manual intervention especially for the compression of the locking bolts and for the Allow pivoting of the lower door part required will.

In a constructively similar manner it is provided that for swinging the lower part of the first door in their lower displacement position from one to the outside pivoted position into engagement with the guides there is an inclined plane on each of them, via which the locking bolts during the pivoting-in movement slide under deflection and at the end of the pivoting movement snap into the guides under spring deflection. With this construction becomes a technically very simple one and created a reliable way of doing that above Automatic snap-in of the pivotable already described lower part of the door when it closes To effect direction to the press room.

To swivel the lower door part as lightly as possible can and around him if necessary in its open position to hold automatically is preferably provided that the lower part of the first door with one in it Pre-loaded force exerted on the pivoting direction or can be preloaded, the force preferably is a spring force and the force is preferably in essentially the weight of the lower part of the first Door balances or slightly exceeds.

To also the first door overall in terms of the required Operating forces in the opening direction are user-friendly to design and, if necessary, automatically To keep in their open position, it is provided that the first door with one in its direction of displacement preloaded upward force or is preloadable, the force preferably a Counterweight or a spring force is and where the Force preferably essentially the weight of the balances or slightly exceeds the first door.

To achieve safe operation without hazards the operator is finally suggested that the baler the positions of the first and second sensor and the pressure plate detecting sensors, connected to a control device and that locking elements from the control device the doors and a press plate drive can be influenced in this way are that the doors can only be opened in the upper one End position of the moved, stationary press sign possible and that there is only one procedure for the press shield closed and locked doors is possible. On this ensures that the baler only can take action when all doors are closed and are locked so that there is no danger to the operating personnel persist, bruises on the hands or draw poor people.

Figur 1

eine Ballenpresse mit geschlossener erster und zweiter Tür, in Frontalansicht,

Figur 2

die erste Tür, zusammen mit einer angedeuteten Führung, in perspektivischer Ansicht und

Figur 3

die Ballenpresse aus Figur 1 und 2 in einem schematischen Vertikalschnitt parallel zu ihren Seitenwänden.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to a drawing. The figures in the drawing show:

Figure 1

a baler with closed first and second door, in front view,

Figure 2

the first door, together with an indicated guide, in a perspective view and

Figure 3

the baler of Figures 1 and 2 in a schematic vertical section parallel to its side walls.

As Figure 1 of the drawing shows, this is here The illustrated embodiment of a baler 1 of two side walls 11, 12, one not visible here Rear wall, a front wall facing the viewer 13 and a bottom 14. These parts become one inside lying press room limited, which is not visible here is. In the upper part of the baler 1 is a press drive 20 in the form of a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit visible, the piston rod of which can be extended downwards is and inside the press room with one vertical there movable press plate is connected.

The front wall 13 of the baler 1 is in its upper Part in the form of a first door 3 and its lower part in the form of a second door 4. The top, first Door 3 closes a filling opening through which in opened by the operator of the baler 1 waste paper, waste cardboard and similar residues can be entered in the press room. To the To release the fill opening is the first door 3 in total vertically upwards, as through an arrow 39 is indicated. To make it possible this vertical procedure are left and right the front wall 13 guides 34 attached to the top so far that the first door 3 completely out can be moved away from the area of the filling opening.

Furthermore, Figure 1 shows that the first door 3 in two parts with an upper door part 31 and a lower one Door part 32 is formed. The upper door part 31 is only movable in the vertical direction on the guides 34 supported; the lower door part 32 is with the upper door part 31 via hinges 30 'around a horizontal Swivel axis 30 pivotally connected. Below the lower door part has 32 guide elements on its side edges, which optionally with the guides 34 in Intervention or disengagement can be brought. In the in Figure 1 shown state of the first door 3, these are Guide elements in engagement with the guides 34, so that the two door parts 31, 32 lie in one plane. In this position of the first door 3 is the filling opening securely locked and an intervention in the press room can not.

The second forming the lower part of the front wall 13 Door 4 is about a vertical axis 40 by means of several stable hinges 40 'pivotable. To lay down in their closed position shown in Figure 1 second door 4 via a lock 41, which at one Pressing process withstands high forces.

Figure 2 of the drawing shows the first door as a single part 3, consisting of the upper door part 31 and the lower Door part 32. The two door parts 31, 32 are by means of Hinges 30 'connected together, the lower one Door part 32 relative to the upper door part 31 by the the hinges 30 'formed pivot axis 30 in the sense the pivot arrow 38 is pivotable.

The course of the Guides 34 indicated, in which the first door 3 in the sense the movement arrow 39 from its shown lower End position is displaceable.

Lower left on the outer edge of the lower door part 32 is a locking pin 33 as a door-side guide element drawn. In its basic state, the locking pin protrudes 33 by the amount shown in the drawing from the bottom Door part 32 to the outside. From this position is the locking pin 33 can be deflected inwards.

In its rebounded state, as shown in FIG. 2 shows, the locking pin 33 engages with its outward protruding part in the associated guide 34. A Second locking bolt 33 arranged in mirror symmetry is provided at the bottom right of the lower door part 31.

Finally, FIG. 2 shows another one on the left Guide 34 arranged switch 35, which by a ascending from obliquity viewed from bottom to top Level is formed, on which the locking pin 33 when moving the door 3 slides up until it compresses so far is that it is out of engagement with the guide 34 reached. This will force you to move the first door 3 upwards the engagement of the locking bolts 33 with the guides 34 and the lower door part 32 forcibly pivoted outwards.

Figure 3 of the drawing shows the baler 1 in a vertical section parallel to the side walls 11, 12. On the left in FIG. 3 is the rear wall 15 and on the right the front wall 13. The baler is at the bottom 1 completed by the floor 14. Through the floor 14 and the walls 11, 12, 13, 15 becomes the press room 10 limited, the in the state shown in Figure 3 Baler 1 already completely with waste paper or the like Residue is filled. At the top of the press room 10 is the press plate 2, which with the arranged above Press drive 20 in the form of the piston-cylinder unit connected is.

The filling opening is at the top right in the front wall 13 13 'visible, through which the operator previously Waste paper was introduced into the press room 10.

The first is located above the filling opening 13 ' Door 3, which is here from its upper end position is moved a little bit down. Above the Upper door part 31 of door 3 is still a small part the guide 34 lying in the background can be seen. Of the lower door part 32 is here opposite the upper door part 31 pivoted outward in the direction of the swivel arrow 38. As indicated by dashed lines, the lower door part 32 can in this state by one practically any angle pivoted about the pivot axis 30 will. In the pivot position shown in Figure 3 of the lower door part 32 forms its inner surface with the level of the filling opening 13 'an inlet slope, the at an acute angle to the through Waste paper or the like formed filling the press room 10 runs. Is now used by the operating personnel Grip a handle bar 36 down the first door 3 pulled, is possibly still protruding to the outside Waste paper or the like through from the inside of the lower door part 32 formed entry slope moved into the press room 10 without this particularly great strength would be required and without There is a jamming of waste paper between the first door 3 and the edges of the filling opening 13 ' can come.

As soon as the first door 3 reaches its lower end of displacement position has been reached, the first door 3 whose lower door part 32 towards Press room 10 swung in and locked with the guide 34. In this state, the press room 10 is then complete locked and it can be activated by activating the Press drive 20, the press shield 2 in the direction of the movement arrow 29 can be moved down. This will the waste paper or the like located in the press room 10 Material pressed into a bale that only the occupies the lower part of the press room 10. In this pressed Condition of the bale, if necessary after Strapping with a packing tape, after opening the second one Door 4 can be removed from the press room 10. If that Press shield 2 then again its shown in Figure 3 has reached the upper end position, it can be refilled the press room 10 begin. For this, the first door 3 moved up to its open position where it held by locking means or a force device becomes.

Claims (10)

Baling press (1), in particular for the pressing of waste paper, waste cardboard and the like residues, consisting of a press space (10) delimited by two side walls (11, 12), a rear wall (15), a bottom (14) and a front wall (13) ) and from a press plate (2) which can be moved vertically in the press chamber (10), the front wall (13) in its upper part being a filling opening (13 ') which can be closed by a first, multi-part and movable and pivotable door (3) , and has in its lower part a bale removal opening which can be closed by a second door (4),
characterized,
that the first door (3) has an upper, only vertically displaceable door part (31) and an associated, together with the upper door part (31) vertically displaceable and additionally pivotable about a horizontal axis (30) lower door part (32), wherein the horizontal axis (30) runs along the upper edge of the lower door part and the lower edge of the upper door part (31) connected to it. Baling press according to claim 1, characterized in that for the vertical displaceability of the first Door (3) side guides (34) on the front wall (13) are provided and that in the guides (34) each a switch (35) is provided, the vertical Moving the first door (3) from their upper end position forming the open position down their lower part (32) forcibly swing outwards. Baling press according to claim 2, characterized in that the lower part (32) of the first door (3) in whose lower displacement end position from a swung outward position into engagement with the guides (34) can be swung in and in this is snap-in durable. Baling press according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that that provided in each guide (34) Turnout (35) executed so that one each Switch in the guides (34) is arranged so that when the first door (3) is moved vertically starting from their lower, the closed position with pivoted lower door part (32) forming end position upward their lower part (32) forcibly swings outwards. Baler according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized characterized that below on the side edges of the lower part (32) of the first door (3) each a deflectable Locking bolt (33) as a guide element on the door side is provided and that the guides (34) the front wall (13) essentially as the first Door (3) open U-profiles are formed. Baling press according to claim 5, characterized in that that the switches (35) each by one in the Guide (34) attached inclined plane formed are, the height of which increases to a level that at least corresponds to the depth of the U-profile of the guides (34). Baling press according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that that for pivoting the lower part (32) the first door (3) in its lower displacement end position from a swung outward Position in engagement with the guides (34) an inclined plane is provided on each of these, via which the locking bolts (33) during the pivoting-in movement slide under deflection and at the end of the Swing-in movement with spring deflection into the guides (34) click into place. Baling press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower part (32) of the first door (3) with one in the pivoting direction preloaded or preloadable , the force preferably being a spring force and preferably the force is substantially the weight of the lower part (32) of the first Door (3) compensates or slightly exceeds. Baling press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first door (3) with one of them in their direction of displacement upwards preloaded or preloadable is, the force is preferably a counterweight or a spring force and wherein the force preferably essentially the weight of the compensates for the first door (3) or slightly exceeds it. Baling press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the positions of the first and second door (3, 4) and the press plate (2) has sensing sensors with a control device are connected, and that from the control device Locking elements of the doors (3, 4) and a press plate drive can be influenced in such a way that opening the doors (3, 4) only in his upper end position of the moved, stationary press plate (2) is possible and that a method of Press plate (2) only when closed and locked Doors (3, 4) is possible.

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