EP0865652B1 - Behälter mit einem radioaktiven körper - Google Patents
Behälter mit einem radioaktiven körper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0865652B1 EP0865652B1 EP96939924A EP96939924A EP0865652B1 EP 0865652 B1 EP0865652 B1 EP 0865652B1 EP 96939924 A EP96939924 A EP 96939924A EP 96939924 A EP96939924 A EP 96939924A EP 0865652 B1 EP0865652 B1 EP 0865652B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- container
- zeolite
- fill
- activated charcoal
- fuel rods
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 title description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;1,3,5,2,4,6$l^{2}-trioxadisilaluminane 2,4-dioxide;dihydroxide;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2].O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1.O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1 UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052676 chabazite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- JYIMWRSJCRRYNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4] JYIMWRSJCRRYNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
- G21F5/005—Containers for solid radioactive wastes, e.g. for ultimate disposal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S422/00—Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preserving, or sterilizing
- Y10S422/903—Radioactive material apparatus
Definitions
- Containers with radioactive bodies are, for example, from the US-A-4 950 426 is known. However, this document contains predominantly only indications of slight or at most moderate radiant waste.
- Fuel rods that contain radioactive nuclear fuel in one contain a sealing tube which represents a capsule, to be filled with copper granulate between the fuel rods and then around the nuclear reactor fuel element at high temperatures and high pressure a gas-tight container to be made of copper sheet.
- This sealed gastight Container is placed in a well in a repository, that is in granite and that with bentonite clay filled as a barrier against radioactive emitters (radionuclides) becomes.
- the copper granulate in the copper sheet container is said to give this container mechanical stability.
- the invention has for its object the retention that way for radioactive emitters (Radionuclides) formed barriers (i.e. the cladding tubes of the Fuel rods and the container).
- the bed of zeolite and / or activated carbon in the container also leaves enough empty volume to accommodate vacant ones Noble gases, so that there is no high internal pressure in the container can train. Nevertheless, the bed of zeolite and / or activated carbon sufficient thermal conductivity for removal of post-decay heat from the fuel rods. Also poses the fill an additional heat capacity in the container
- the bed, especially if it contains activated carbon, also has a good moderating effect on neutrons and therefore reduces the hardness of neutron radiation from the radioactive substance in the fuel rods can go out. Also for shielding gamma radiation from the fuel rods runs out, the bulk can contribute, finally the bed also provides a mechanical buffer for the fuel rods stored in the container.
- This nuclear reactor fuel element 3 has fuel rods 4 and guide tubes 5.
- the fuel rods 4 are filled with spent nuclear fuel, for example UO 2 and / or U / PuO 2 , which contains radionuclides.
- This nuclear fuel is in each case in a cladding tube of the fuel rods 4, for example made of a zirconium alloy, which is closed at both tube ends with a plug made of zirconium alloy. These zirconium alloy plugs are welded gas-tight to the cladding tube.
- the guide tubes 5 were used to guide control rods and are open at at least one tube end. They do not contain radionuclides.
- the storage container 2 is made of a granulate 6 a zeolite filled up. This bed 6 does not need to be compressed, and with it are the fuel rods 4 and inevitably the guide tubes 5 of the nuclear reactor fuel element 3 backfilled.
- the container 2 is made of steel and is gas-tight welded to both ends with a steel plate.
- Figure 2 is the container 2 which is the nuclear reactor fuel element 3 with the spent fuel rods in a hole used, for example, in a salt dome a repository. Is located in this hole the outside of the container 2 a further bed 7, the is also granules of a zeolite. In this bed 7 the container 2 is completely embedded.
- the beds 6 and 7 made of zeolite in FIGS. 1 and 2 activated carbon can also be added. Zeolites turn into Ullmann's "Encyclopedia of Technical Chemistry", volume 24, pages 575 to 578, 1983, and on Ullmann's "Encyclopedia of Technischen Chemie”, volume 17, pages 9 to 17, 1979. Zeolite is particularly suitable for the beds 6 and 7 of type A, preferably at least one of the substances MgA, CaA and SrA.
- Such a type A zeolite can also be used with silver be doped so that it is particularly good radioactive iodine holds back, possibly from a leak in the cladding tube Fuel rod 4 emerges, but then in front of the wall of the Container 2 is retained, the retention effect by the zeolite of the bed 6 in the container 2 is thus reinforced is.
- Chabazite are also well suited for zeolite fillings and mordenite.
- Zeolites, for example, are particularly suitable with the trade name "Zeolon Molecular Sieves" the 400 Series, 500 Series, 700 Series and 900 Series that bind Cs and Sr via ion exchange.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- zeigt schematisiert einen Querschnitt durch einen Transport- und/oder Lagerbehälter mit einem bestrahlten Kernreaktorbrennelement,
- Figur 2
- zeigt schematisiert im Querschnitt den Lagerbehälter nach Fig. 1 in einem Endlager.
Claims (11)
- Gasdicht verschlossener Behälter (2) mit mehreren abgebrannten Brennstäben (4), die in einer Schüttung (6) aus Zeolith und/oder Aktivkohle eingebettet sind.
- Behälter (2) nach Anspruch 1,
gekennzeichnet durch Stahlwände und damit gasdicht verschweißten Stahlplatten an seinen Enden. - Behälter (2) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, mit einem die Brennstäbe (4) enthaltenden und von der Schüttung (6) durchsetzten Brennelement (3).
- Behälter (2) nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nur ein Brennelement (3) darin Platz hat. - Behälter (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schüttung (6) von einem Granulat aus dem Zeolith und/oder der Aktivkohle gebildet ist. - Behälter (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
gekennzeichnet durch eine weitere Schüttung (7) aus Zeolith und/oder Aktivkohle, insbesondere eine Schüttung aus Granulat von Zeolith und/oder Aktivkohle, auf seiner Außenseite. - Behälter (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zeolith vom Typ A ist. - Behälter (2) nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zeolith mindestens aus einem der Stoffe MgA, CaA und SrA gebildet ist. - Behälter (2) nach Anspruch 7 oder 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zeolith mit Silber dotiert ist. - Behälter (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zeolith mindestens von einem der Stoffe Chabazit und Mordenit gebildet ist. - Behälter (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Partikel aus mindestens einem der Stoffe Metallgrieß, MnO2, Al2O3, MgO, Sno2, ZrO2 und Silikat dem Zeolith und/oder der Aktivkohle zugemischt sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19545761A DE19545761A1 (de) | 1995-12-07 | 1995-12-07 | Behälter mit einem radioaktiven Körper |
| DE19545761 | 1995-12-07 | ||
| PCT/EP1996/005205 WO1997021227A1 (de) | 1995-12-07 | 1996-11-25 | Behälter mit einem radioaktiven körper |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0865652A1 EP0865652A1 (de) | 1998-09-23 |
| EP0865652B1 true EP0865652B1 (de) | 1999-06-02 |
Family
ID=7779513
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96939924A Expired - Lifetime EP0865652B1 (de) | 1995-12-07 | 1996-11-25 | Behälter mit einem radioaktiven körper |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6699439B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0865652B1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19545761A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2133198T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1997021227A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10116029A1 (de) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-08-22 | Framatome Anp Gmbh | Transportbehälter und Verfahren zum Transport von Brennstäben |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19757843C1 (de) * | 1997-12-24 | 1999-08-12 | Nuklear Service Gmbh Gns | Lagerbehälter für die Zwischen- und/oder Endlagerung abgebrannter Brennelemente |
| US7309807B2 (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2007-12-18 | The Nanosteel Company, Inc. | Method of containing radioactive contamination |
| US7199375B2 (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2007-04-03 | Bard Brachytherapy, Inc. | Radiation shielding container that encloses a vial of one or more radioactive seeds |
| NO20044434D0 (no) * | 2004-10-19 | 2004-10-19 | Nuclear Prot Products As | Lang-tids lagringscontainer og fremgangsmate for fremstilling av denne |
| DE202011102838U1 (de) * | 2011-07-02 | 2011-12-27 | Ewald von Hagen | Strahlenschutz-Versatz zur Verhinderung & Austritt radioaktiver Strahlung im Bergbau |
| WO2018064572A1 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-05 | Elysium Industries Ltd. | Silver chloride waste form and apparatus |
| US10878972B2 (en) | 2019-02-21 | 2020-12-29 | Deep Isolation, Inc. | Hazardous material repository systems and methods |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR319398A (fr) | 1902-03-08 | 1902-11-11 | Buysse | Trieur automatique de pommes de terre, légumes, fruits, grains, etc. |
| DE3169709D1 (en) * | 1980-10-13 | 1985-05-09 | Euratom | A method of encapsulating materials in a zeolite in a stable manner |
| RU1299369C (ru) * | 1985-07-26 | 1993-02-23 | Предприятие П/Я В-2679 | Упаковочный комплект дл транспортировки и хранени радиоактивных и дел щихс материалов |
| US4778628A (en) * | 1986-05-15 | 1988-10-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Underground waste barrier structure |
| US4891164A (en) * | 1986-08-28 | 1990-01-02 | The Standard Oil Company | Method for separating and immobilizing radioactive materials |
| JPH0631882B2 (ja) * | 1987-01-19 | 1994-04-27 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | 廃棄物の処理施設 |
| FR2624301B1 (fr) * | 1987-12-02 | 1990-03-30 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif de conditionnement des dechets radioactifs ou toxiques contenant des ions borate, et son procede de fabrication |
| US4950426A (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1990-08-21 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Granular fill material for nuclear waste containing modules |
| US5169566A (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1992-12-08 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Engineered cementitious contaminant barriers and their method of manufacture |
-
1995
- 1995-12-07 DE DE19545761A patent/DE19545761A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-11-25 WO PCT/EP1996/005205 patent/WO1997021227A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1996-11-25 DE DE59602126T patent/DE59602126D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-25 EP EP96939924A patent/EP0865652B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-25 ES ES96939924T patent/ES2133198T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-06-08 US US09/093,574 patent/US6699439B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10116029A1 (de) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-08-22 | Framatome Anp Gmbh | Transportbehälter und Verfahren zum Transport von Brennstäben |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2133198T3 (es) | 1999-09-01 |
| DE19545761A1 (de) | 1997-06-12 |
| EP0865652A1 (de) | 1998-09-23 |
| DE59602126D1 (de) | 1999-07-08 |
| US6699439B1 (en) | 2004-03-02 |
| WO1997021227A1 (de) | 1997-06-12 |
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