EP0865599A1 - Heat exchanger and process for tempering at least one directed fluid flow - Google Patents
Heat exchanger and process for tempering at least one directed fluid flowInfo
- Publication number
- EP0865599A1 EP0865599A1 EP96943043A EP96943043A EP0865599A1 EP 0865599 A1 EP0865599 A1 EP 0865599A1 EP 96943043 A EP96943043 A EP 96943043A EP 96943043 A EP96943043 A EP 96943043A EP 0865599 A1 EP0865599 A1 EP 0865599A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- fluid
- exchanger according
- fluid flow
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D19/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium
- F28D19/04—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium using rigid bodies, e.g. mounted on a movable carrier
- F28D19/045—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium using rigid bodies, e.g. mounted on a movable carrier with radial flow through the intermediate heat-transfer medium
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heat exchanger and a method for tempering at least one directed fluid flow.
- the directed fluid flow is brought into contact with a suitably temperature-controlled surface, so that the fluid flow can absorb or release energy in the desired manner.
- the surface can be tempered in any suitable manner, the body having the surface is often tempered by contact with a second fluid stream at a different temperature.
- recuperative heat exchangers in which the surface is tempered by a second fluid flow, a distinction is made between recuperative and regenerative systems.
- a heat-exchanging body In the case of recuperative heat exchangers, a heat-exchanging body is in thermal contact with the first fluid stream via a first surface and with the second fluid stream via a second surface. Because of the heat conductivity of the heat-exchanging body, the first fluid stream or both fluid streams are tempered as desired.
- the heat-looking body or its surface is brought into thermal contact alternately with the first and the second fluid flow.
- the surface brought into thermal contact with the corresponding fluid or the part of the heat-exchanging body located in the vicinity of the surface assumes the temperature of the corresponding fluid and tempered in this way - depending on the heat capacity, thermal conductivity, duration of the thermal contact of the media involved ⁇ . - The fluid or fluids.
- the heat-exchanging surface is increased.
- the increase in the surface coming into contact with the respective fluids requires a corresponding increase in the flow resistance of these heat exchangers.
- the object of the invention is to provide a generic heat exchanger or a generic tempering method in which the flow resistance of the heat exchanger itself is as low as possible despite the relatively large surface coming into contact with the directed fluid flow.
- the proposed solution is a generic heat exchanger with at least one suitably tempered surface that is essentially tangential to itself or with at least one suitably tempered surface that is essentially tangential to itself, the fluid flow in the vicinity of the surface or the surface area has a movement component which is rectified to the direction of movement of the surface or the surface area. Furthermore, the above objects are achieved by a generic method in which the fluid flow is in the immediate vicinity of at least one suitably tempered, essentially tangentially moving surface or surface area, whose / whose direction of movement has a movement component rectified to the fluid flow.
- the tangential movement of the surface or the surface area largely avoids the occurrence of turbulence, which would inevitably lead to an increase in the flow resistance of the heat exchanger.
- the risk of the occurrence of turbulence is further reduced by the fact that the fluid flow in the vicinity of the surface or the surface area has a movement component which is the same as the direction of movement of the surface or the surface area. This reduces the velocity gradient in the fluid flow in the vicinity of the surface and thereby reduces the risk of turbulence.
- the speed of the surface or of the surface area can be increased in such a way that - at least in the area of the heat-exchanging bodies, especially in the area of the above surface or the surface area - the flow of the directed fluid flow did not resist any appreciable flow resistance opposes, or even promotes the movement of the fluid flow.
- the heat exchanger has one of two suitably tempered, mutually facing, essentially mutually tangent and parallel to each other surfaces or surface areas limited space area through which the fluid flow flows, the fluid flow between the surfaces or surface areas has a movement component which is the same as the direction of movement of the surfaces or surface areas.
- This makes it possible to further reduce the velocity gradient occurring in the fluid, even this - if suitable boundary conditions are selected gung - to reduce to zero. Due to the parallel tangential movement of the surfaces or surface areas, the fluid flow that flows between these surfaces or surface areas or flows through the above-mentioned spatial area is laminarly accelerated in a particularly suitable manner because there is no unnecessary speed gradient.
- the advantageous properties of a heat exchanger according to the invention result in particular if the distance between the surfaces or surface areas is between 1 mm and 50 mm, preferably between 5 mm and 6 mm.
- the moving surface (s) or the moving surface region (s) may be in any suitable manner - e.g. B. by heat conduction, electrical heating ordevor ⁇ devices, electromagnetic radiation or the like - be tempered in the desired manner.
- a heat exchanger according to the invention regeneratively between a first fluid stream and a second fluid stream such that the different fluid streams flow through different spatial areas and the moving surface (s) or the moving surface (s) / e alternately, preferably periodically alternating, delimits at least one area and the other area.
- the surface (s) or the / the surface area / s meanwhile other, z. B. may not be flowed through by a fluid or not flowed through in accordance with the invention, spatial areas.
- ERSATIBLA ⁇ (RULE 26) If the mass or the heat capacity of the body having the surface (s) or surface area (s) is low, a particularly rapid heat exchange according to the invention can be ensured. It is also conceivable to choose the speed of the surface (s) or the surface area (s) to be significantly higher than the fluid velocity in order to improve the heat-exchanging properties while slightly increasing the risk of turbulence. It goes without saying that the selected speeds, materials and masses can be adapted to the respective requirements.
- a plane is defined as the flow plane, in which at least one plane passes through the heat exchanger according to the invention
- the rotor comprises at least two disks that are spaced apart and rotate about a common axis.
- the disks should be arranged essentially parallel to one another. Almost the entire surface of the disks can be used for heat exchange.
- the gas stream to be tempered is directed onto the rotating, spaced-apart disks in such a way that the streamlines of the fluid inflow are perpendicular to the disk axis.
- the fluid inflow is oriented in such a way that
- the rotating disks accelerate the fluid flow away from the disk axis.
- the streamlines are deflected in a plane perpendicular to the disk axis, namely a flow plane.
- rotating discs can be in any suitable configuration
- the rotation speeds, disk thicknesses, disk diameters, disk spacings and number of disks can be adjusted in comparison to the flow conditions required or required in such a way that the fluid outflows on both sides have the same temperature.
- the distance the discs between 1 mm and 50 mm, preferably between 5 mm and 6 mm, the disc diameter between 10 mm and 1,000 mm and the disc thickness between 0.1 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 2 mm.
- the disks do not necessarily have to have a constant thickness. Rather, it can be advantageous if the disk thickness varies over the radius and the heat exchanger is adapted to the hydro- or thermodynamic requirements by the configuration of the disk diameter.
- the surfaces or surface areas facing one another therefore do not necessarily have to be arranged parallel to one another, rather it is sufficient if these sufficiently enclose a spatial area in which they influence the fluid flow in the manner according to the invention by their tangential movement.
- a spacer with a smaller diameter than the disk diameter can be arranged between the rotating disks. In this way it is avoided that particles reach a region of relatively low surface speed, which does not guarantee an acceleration which sufficiently deflects these particles.
- the surface of the spacers facing the particles also serves to exchange heat and accelerate the fluid particles in the desired direction.
- baffles that are stationary with respect to the moving surface (s) or surface areas.
- baffles can also be designed as wipers.
- the degree of quality of a heat exchanger according to the invention having rotating disks can be increased by 50% if the heat exchanger has axes arranged one behind the other in the flow direction with disks rotating around them.
- these surfaces or surface areas can have a structure.
- this can, for. B. located in the disks, aligned substantially parallel to the disk axis. It will be necessary to weigh up the disturbance of the laminar flow caused by these surface structures and the increase in the penetration depth - in other words a virtual increase in viscosity.
- the surfaces or the rotating disks can be spaced considerably further apart than in all known lamellae or cooling fin arrangements. This reduces the intervention in the flow path caused by a heat exchanger according to the invention additionally in an unpredictable manner, so that the pressure drop or a flow noise that is produced are further reduced.
- the moving assemblies of a heat exchanger according to the invention it is relatively quiet, since it enables a laminar fluid flow.
- the heat-exchanging bodies - rotors, disks and the like which have the surfaces or surface areas according to the invention.
- a. - Can consist of any suitable material, especially plastic, paper, ceramic. It can also be advantageous to coat, roughen or otherwise treat the surface of these bodies to influence their heat-exchanging properties and those influencing the flow path.
- a heat exchanger according to the invention can have all the devices which can be found in the prior art and which can be assigned to or associated with such heat exchangers, such as, for. B. additional fans, heaters, coolers, humidifiers, evaporators, evaporators, condensers and the like.
- additional fans, heaters, coolers, humidifiers, evaporators, evaporators, condensers and the like it is conceivable to advantageously combine a heat exchanger according to the invention with heat exchangers which can be removed from the prior art or to retrofit these heat exchangers which can be removed from the prior art with a heat exchanger according to the invention.
- a heat exchanger in which a first fluid stream and a second fluid stream are passed through different spatial areas and the moving surface (s) or the moving surface area (s) at least one spatial area and alternately delimit or pass through the other room area, apply an evaporating liquid to one of the two fluid streams before entering the room area through which it flows.
- the energy required for evaporation Gie is then withdrawn from this liquid stream, which lowers its temperature.
- the fluid stream to which the evaporating liquid is applied is a gas stream, preferably an air stream, and the evaporating liquid comprises fine droplets or water given up as a mist .
- the fluid stream not subjected to an evaporating liquid being an air stream which is fed to an interior space to be supplied with cool air.
- the fluid stream not subjected to an evaporating liquid being an air stream which is fed to an interior space to be supplied with cool air.
- the movement of these surfaces can be designed in such a way that the liquid droplets are removed from the surface by centrifugal force or by the above-mentioned wipers before entering the first fluid flow.
- the heat exchanger is advantageously designed in such a way that only sufficiently small liquid droplets deposit on the heat-exchanging surfaces such that evaporate while still in contact with the second fluid stream.
- the air conditioner designed in this way is substantially smaller in comparison to the air conditioner known from the prior art with the same power and use of the same air cooling principle.
- Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of an inventive
- Fig. 2 shows the heat exchanger of Figure 1 in section along the line II-II in Figure 1 in a detail.
- FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention in a representation similar to that of FIG. 1; 4 shows a third embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention, partly broken away in a perspective view; and
- FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention as an air conditioner in a representation similar to that of FIG. 1.
- a first fluid inflow 1 and a second fluid inflow 2 are spaced apart around the axis 3 by spacers 4 arranged on an axis 3 rotatable, driven by a motor 11 (see Fig. 4) discs 5. After they have cooled down or heated up and - if necessary - have taken place
- the fluid streams 1, 7 and 2, 6 are laterally limited by two lateral boundary surfaces 12 and 13, which are arranged essentially parallel to a flow plane and perpendicular to the axis 3 (see FIG. 4). Pointing away from the axis 3, the first fluid flow 1, 7 is delimited by a delimitation plate 17 and the second fluid flow 2, 6 by a delimitation plate 26. Two separating plates 16 and 27 are arranged between the two fluid flows 1, 7 and 2, 6, the separating plate 16 separating the first fluid inflow 1 and the second fluid outflow 6 and the separating plate 27 separating the second fluid inflow 2 and the first fluid outflow 7. It is understood that both the partition plates 16 and 27 and the side boundary plates 12 and 13 contribute to the heat exchange.
- the fluid inflows 1 and 2 are aligned with the disks 5 such that one half of each disk 5 or the effective disk ring is flushed by the first fluid stream 1, 7 and the other half by the second fluid stream 2, 6.
- the rotation of each disk 5 means that each surface area of each disk 5 alternately comes into direct contact with the first fluid stream 1, 7 and the second fluid stream 2, 6.
- the fluid inflow 1, 2 is oriented such that - essentially - the fluid flow and the direction of the rotating disk 5 have a rectilinear movement component.
- the boundary plates 17 and 26 of the first exemplary embodiment run essentially in a straight line in the region of the fluid inflows 1, 2, while these boundaries point away from the axis 3 in the region of the fluid outflows 7 and 6.
- the fluid outflow 7, 6 is thus inclined away from the axis 3 in a plane perpendicular to the axis 3, also due to the design of the separating plates 16 and 27.
- the acceleration of the fluid particles caused by the disks 5 during the passage through the heat exchanger is advantageously converted into a change in flow direction without loss of energy.
- Such a change in angle is often desired in applications of heat exchangers and can generally only be achieved in the heat exchangers known from the prior art by means of deflection plates or with a loss of pressure.
- the radius of the disks 5 is selected so that they cut through the entire cross-section of the flow 1, 7 and 2, 6 of each fluid entirely or limit them laterally.
- baffles 8 are provided, which are between the disks 5 up to the spacers 4 intervene and promote a separation of the respective fluid particles from the disks 5.
- two spatial areas 9 'and 9' ' are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in which the fluid flowing through these spatial areas 9' and 9 '' limits one of the movements of these spatial areas 9 'and 9' ', respectively Disks 5 formed surfaces has the same directional speed component.
- the disc distances, disc thicknesses and the rotational speed of the discs are on top of each other or on the
- 35 disks each 5 mm apart, with a thickness of 1 mm and a diameter of 200 mm are driven by a 15 W electric motor.
- the panes themselves are made of polypropylene with a smooth surface.
- the heat exchanger itself has a size of 215 x 220 x 250 mm 3 .
- the heat exchanger conveys 2 fluid flows of 250 m 3 / h each. Exemplary temperature ratios are listed in Table I. Tabel le I
- an electric motor with a power of 150 W With a size of the heat exchanger of 360 x 450 x 900 mm 3 , two fluid flows of 2500 m 3 / h each can be conveyed with this heat exchanger.
- the temperature conditions shown in Table II were measured.
- the second exemplary embodiment comprises two axes 3 arranged one behind the other in the direction of flow, on which discs 5 and spacers 4 arranged between them rotate.
- the structure essentially corresponds to the structure of the first exemplary embodiment.
- one guide plate 8 is omitted in each case in this exemplary embodiment.
- a separating plate 10 is provided between the disk arrangement rotating about an axis 3, which prevents mixing of the two fluid streams 1, 7 and 2, 6 outside the disk arrangement.
- 35 disks arranged on each of the two axes are each driven by a 15 W electric motor with 2500 rotations per minute.
- the disks were made of polypropylene with a thickness of 1 mm and a diameter of 200 mm and 5 mm apart.
- the entire heat exchanger had a size of 215 x 220 x 500 mm 3 and conveyed two fluid flows of 250 m 3 / h each. Selected temperature conditions are shown in Table III.
- the structure of the third exemplary embodiment largely corresponds to the structure of the first exemplary embodiment.
- the limiting plates 17 and 26 and the separating plates 16 and 27 are flat.
- the fourth exemplary embodiment corresponds to the third exemplary embodiment, in which the first fluid inflow 1 is acted upon by a water mist via a water supply 14 and two mist nozzles 15.
- the evaporating droplets draw energy from the fluid stream 1, 7 for evaporation.
- Some of the water droplets are deposited on the rotating disks 5 or the radially outer surfaces of the spacers 4.
- the rotating disks 5 and the spacers 4 are consequently cooled on the one hand by the evaporating water drops deposited on their surface and on the other hand by the already precooled fluid stream 1, 7. Similar to the rotation of the disks, preventing the fluid flow 1, 7 from penetrating into the fluid flow 2, 6, the rotation of the disks 5 also prevents water from entering the fluid flow 2, 6.
- the centrifugal forces caused by the rotation serve in particular for this purpose.
- the known method of air cooling by evaporating a water mist can be used without increasing the moisture content of the fluid stream 2, 6.
- This fluid stream 2, 6 can then be supplied to an interior to be supplied with cool air.
- an air conditioner designed according to the fourth exemplary embodiment has 35 polypropylene disks with a thickness of 1 mm, a diameter of 200 mm and a smooth surface, which are spaced 5 mm apart and with a 15 W electric motor 2500 rotations per minute are driven.
- the Fluid inflow 1 is 1 1 / h of water in the form of 20 to 50 mm 3 large water drops. With a size of 215 x 220 x 300 mm 3 , this air conditioner conveys a fluid flow 2, 6 of 250 m 3 / h into an interior. With a temperature of 27 ° C. and a relative humidity of 46%, fluid inflows 1 and 2 supplied enable a fluid outflow 6 of 22 ° C.
- a heat exchanger according to the invention which largely corresponds in construction to the second embodiment, three axes, each with 35 polypropylene disks, are rotated at 2500 rotations per minute by three 15 W electromotors.
- the disks are each 1 mm thick, have a diameter of 200 mm, are each 5 mm apart and are smooth
- this heat exchanger conveys 250 m 3 / h of air.
- the temperature conditions are shown in Table IV.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19545209A DE19545209A1 (en) | 1995-12-05 | 1995-12-05 | Heat exchanger and method for tempering at least one directed fluid flow |
DE19545209 | 1995-12-05 | ||
PCT/EP1996/005447 WO1997021063A1 (en) | 1995-12-05 | 1996-12-05 | Heat exchanger and process for tempering at least one directed fluid flow |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0865599A1 true EP0865599A1 (en) | 1998-09-23 |
EP0865599B1 EP0865599B1 (en) | 2003-11-26 |
Family
ID=7779152
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96943043A Expired - Lifetime EP0865599B1 (en) | 1995-12-05 | 1996-12-05 | Process and apparatus for tempering at least one directed fluid flow |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0865599B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2000501495A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1203658A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE255217T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU1191197A (en) |
BR (1) | BR9611581A (en) |
DE (3) | DE19545209A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997021063A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102706194B (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2014-03-12 | 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 | Super phase change heat exchanger |
US10788254B2 (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-09-29 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Rotating heat carrier system |
CN113503755B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-19 | 北京福典工程技术有限责任公司 | Method for enhancing mass transfer heat exchange and heat exchange member using same |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR585196A (en) * | 1923-10-30 | 1925-02-23 | Tirage Et Ventilation Mecaniqu | Heat exchange device |
FR2259342A1 (en) * | 1974-01-28 | 1975-08-22 | Provost Charles | Rotary disc heat recuperator - sealed chamber under pairs of strips between rotating ceramic discs |
FR2319099A1 (en) * | 1975-07-24 | 1977-02-18 | Seum Expl Usines Metallurg | Rotary heat recuperator for flue gases - has discs on spindle carrying separator comb positioned between hot and cold ducts |
DE2717203B2 (en) * | 1977-04-19 | 1981-05-07 | Johannes 5067 Kürten Kirchmeier | Heat recovery device |
DE7921937U1 (en) * | 1979-08-01 | 1979-11-22 | Schmittel, Horst, 6700 Ludwigshafen | REGENERATIVE HEAT EXCHANGER |
DE2931942A1 (en) * | 1979-08-07 | 1981-02-26 | Colt Int Gmbh | Rotary regenerative heat exchanger - has rotor with circular disc surfaces parallel to flow directions of media |
DE3223767A1 (en) * | 1982-06-25 | 1983-12-29 | Rudolf 8503 Altdorf Hueber | Heat exchanger |
-
1995
- 1995-12-05 DE DE19545209A patent/DE19545209A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-12-05 AU AU11911/97A patent/AU1191197A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-12-05 BR BR9611581-5A patent/BR9611581A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-12-05 CN CN96198860A patent/CN1203658A/en active Pending
- 1996-12-05 WO PCT/EP1996/005447 patent/WO1997021063A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-12-05 AT AT96943043T patent/ATE255217T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-12-05 DE DE19681056T patent/DE19681056D2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-05 EP EP96943043A patent/EP0865599B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-05 JP JP9520992A patent/JP2000501495A/en active Pending
- 1996-12-05 DE DE59610837T patent/DE59610837D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9721063A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1203658A (en) | 1998-12-30 |
WO1997021063A1 (en) | 1997-06-12 |
BR9611581A (en) | 1999-12-28 |
ATE255217T1 (en) | 2003-12-15 |
JP2000501495A (en) | 2000-02-08 |
AU1191197A (en) | 1997-06-27 |
DE19545209A1 (en) | 1997-06-12 |
DE59610837D1 (en) | 2004-01-08 |
EP0865599B1 (en) | 2003-11-26 |
DE19681056D2 (en) | 1999-07-15 |
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