EP0865459A1 - Process for continuous production of homopolymers of ethylene imine - Google Patents
Process for continuous production of homopolymers of ethylene imineInfo
- Publication number
- EP0865459A1 EP0865459A1 EP96942273A EP96942273A EP0865459A1 EP 0865459 A1 EP0865459 A1 EP 0865459A1 EP 96942273 A EP96942273 A EP 96942273A EP 96942273 A EP96942273 A EP 96942273A EP 0865459 A1 EP0865459 A1 EP 0865459A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- polymerization
- ratio
- tubular reactor
- zone
- ethyleneimine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/02—Polyamines
- C08G73/0206—Polyalkylene(poly)amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/02—Polyamines
- C08G73/0206—Polyalkylene(poly)amines
- C08G73/0213—Preparatory process
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the continuous production of homopolymers of ethyleneimine by polymerizing ethyleneimine in a solvent in the presence of catalysts at temperatures of at least 80 ° C.
- Polyethyleneimine is produced by polymerizing ethyleneimine in the presence of acids, Lewis acids or haloalkanes, cf. for example, US-A-2, 182,306 and US-A-3,203,910.
- the polymerization can be carried out, for example, in a baten process in which water and 1,2-dichloroethane are initially introduced as a catalyst, heated to a temperature of 70 to 100 ° C. and ethyleneimine is added continuously while stirring the reaction mixture. The polymerization takes place in the temperature range from 70 to 100 ° C.
- linear polyethyleneimine which has no branches, apart from the two end groups, has only secondary nitrogen atoms.
- Polyethyleneimines with increased linearity can be advantageous for technical applications. If, for example, ethyleneimine is polymerized at low temperatures in aqueous solution, for example in the temperature range from 0 to 5 ° C., a mixture of linear and branched polyethyleneimine is obtained with very long reaction times, cf. PA Gembitski et al. , Vysokomol. Soedin. , Volume A20, 1505 (1978).
- ethyleneimine is polymerized in a stirred kettle in an aqueous solution at a temperature of 50 ° C.
- a proportion of secondary nitrogen atoms in the polyethyleneimine of about 50% can be obtained. Because of the long reaction times, such low temperatures are not suitable for a technical process in the polymerization.
- polyethyleneimines are obtained with a content of secondary nitrogen atoms of 35 to 40%. If the polymerization is carried out under pressure at 130 ° C. in a stirred tank, the content of secondary nitrogen atoms in the polyethyleneimine is about 36%.
- the present invention has for its object a process for the production of polyethyleneimines with increased Linea ⁇ rity to make available.
- the process should technically ak ⁇ ceptable space-time yields have.
- the object is inventively achieved by a process for the continuous preparation of homopolymers of ethylene ⁇ imine by polymerizing ethyleneimine in a solvent in the presence of catalysts at temperatures of at least 80 ° C, if one carries out the polymerization in the homogeneous liquid phase in a tubular reactor, wherein the carries the ratio of length to In ⁇ nenmpmesser at least 5 and especially at least 40 be ⁇ .
- the process according to the invention gives polyethyleneimines which have a proportion of secondary nitrogen atoms of more than 40 to 60% and a ratio M w / M n of 1.5 to 3.
- the polyethyleneimines according to the invention preferably have a proportion of secondary nitrogen atoms of 45 to 55% and a ratio M w / M n of 2.0 to 2.3.
- ethyleneimine is polymerized in a solvent in the presence of catalysts.
- the solvents specified in the prior art can be used as solvents, e.g. Water, alcohols with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane or
- the preferred solvent used in technology is water.
- the concentration of ethylene imine in the solution is, for example, 1 to 50, preferably 5 to 40% by weight.
- Suitable catalysts are all substances described in the prior art for the polymerization of ethyleneimine, for example acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, alkylsulfonic acids, sulfuric acid semiesters of alcohols, acid-reacting compounds such as ammonium chloride, others ammonium salts, such as reaction products of ethylenediamine, and sulfuric acid, for example in a molar ratio of 2: 1 or reaction products of Ethylen ⁇ diamine, and carbonic acid, for example in a molar ratio 1: 1 or ⁇ sodium hydrogen sulfate, as well as Lewis acids such as boron trifluoride.
- acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, alkylsulfonic acids, sulfuric acid semiesters of alcohols, acid-reacting compounds such as ammonium
- Suitable catalysts include alkylating agents such as alkyl halides such as methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, propyl chloride, butyl chloride, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, tetrachlorethylene and tetrachloroethane.
- alkylating agents such as alkyl halides such as methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, propyl chloride, butyl chloride, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, tetrachlorethylene and tetrachloroethane.
- the catalysts already work in small quantities.
- the polymerization is carried out, for example, in the temperature range from 80 to 180, preferably at temperatures from 90 to 160 ° C
- the polymerization takes place continuously in a tubular reactor in a homogeneous liquid phase.
- a liquid continuous phase, resulting in the tubular reactor, which is carried ⁇ Mi's of the reaction components and the solvent prior to A ⁇ enters the reactor at the reactor inlet or prepared.
- water, ethyleneimine and the catalyst can be metered into a mixer from 3 different metering devices and from there continuously pumped into the tubular reactor.
- it can also be an aqueous ethyleneimine, preferably having a temperature in the range from 0 to 5 ° C, with the amount of offset REQUIRED ⁇ chen a catalyst, and then continuously pumped into the reactor.
- the reaction solution can also be metered into the tubular reactor via a static mixer.
- the polymerization takes place in a homogeneous liquid phase, ie a gas phase reaction should be excluded. As long as the polymerization temperature is below the boiling point of the ethylene imine, the formation of a gas phase is excluded.
- Another way during Polymeri ⁇ the development of a gas phase organization to avoid, is to increase the pressure in the tube reactor.
- the polymerization is therefore preferably carried out under elevated pressure, for example under a pressure of at least 1.5 bar.
- the pressure in the tubular reactor is preferably at least 0.5, in particular at least 1 bar above the boiling pressure of the reaction mixture.
- the pressure can, for example, reach up to the high pressure range, ie up to, for example, 2000 bar, but the apparatus must then be designed accordingly. Polymerizing under such high pressures has practically no advantages over the low pressure range.
- the pressure can be, for example, 3 to 200, preferably 4 to 60 bar.
- the polymerization is preferably carried out in a tubular reactor which has at least 2 independently heatable zones.
- the polymerization reaction is initiated in the first polymerization zone. This produces dimeric ethyleneimine and higher oligomers in a rapid exothermic reaction. Because of the strongly exothermic reaction, the reaction mixture is generally cooled in the first zone of the reactor in order to remove the heat of polymerization.
- the first polymerization zone is formed from 1/10 to 2/3 the length of the reaction tube, which is then followed by the second reaction zone.
- the temperature in the first reaction zone is, for example, 80 to 130 ° C.
- the polymerization is preferably carried out in the first zone of the tubular reactor at 90 to 130 ° C. and in the second zone at a temperature which is at least 10 ° C. higher.
- the polymerization temperature in the second reaction zone is preferably 140 to 160 ° C.
- the tubular reactor can also consist of 3, 4, 5 or further segments which can be heated or cooled independently of one another.
- the reactor can be heated, for example, electrically, with steam or by means of molten salt.
- an aqueous solution of polyethyleneimine is continuously discharged, the amounts of monomer solution fed to the reactor corresponding to the amounts of reaction mixture discharged.
- the discharge can take place not only continuously, but also - just like feeding the tube reactor - in portions, e.g. at intervals of 2, 10 or 30 seconds.
- Such operation of the reactor also represents a continuous operation.
- polyethyleneimines are obtained with a secondary nitrogen atom content of more than 40%.
- the molar mass of the polyethyleneimines is, for example, 129 to 2xl0 6 and is preferably in the range from 430 to IxlO 6 .
- the polyethyleneimines according to the invention have a ratio M w / M n of 1.5 to 3, preferably 2.0 to 2.3. They have a narrower molecular weight distribution than polyethyleneimines, which are produced by polymerizing ethyleneimine in a stirred tank at 50 ° C.
- the relative molecular weight distribution of the polyethyleneimines was determined by the M w / M n ratio from the aqueous gel permeation chromatography (GPC) of polyethyleneimines based on a Pullulan standard from PL-Gel.
- polyethyleneimines so produced can be used for all previously known applications of polyethyleneimines, e.g. in the manufacture of paper, process chemicals, oilfield chemicals, complexing agents, adhesion promoters, flocculants, galvanochemicals and fuel additives.
- the 13 C-NMR measurements for determining the degree of branching of the polyethyleneimines were carried out according to the information from T. St. Pierre and M. Geckle, ACS Polym. Prepr., Vol. 22, 128 (1981) and GM Kukovkin et al., Europ. Polym. J., 9, 559 (1973).
- the poly ⁇ ethyleneimines were prior to measurement in the ratio 1: 2 0 thinned ver ⁇ D 1.
- the relaxation waiting time for maintaining quantitative measurement conditions between the 90 ° measurement pulses was kept at 10 see.
- the prototype was nenbreitbandentkoppler only during the acquisition time is switched ⁇ (inverse-gated).
- the polymerization was carried out in a tubular reactor made of pressure glass, which had a length of 14 m and an inner diameter of 3 mm.
- the tube reactor consisted of two zones that could be heated independently of one another, the first zone being 2/3 and the second zone 1/3 of the tube length.
- a reaction solution cooled to 5 ° C.
- the reactor outlet was regulated to 5 bar.
- the temperature of the reaction mixture was 110 ° C. in the first reaction zone and in the second zone 140 ° C.
- the residence time of the reaction mixture was 16 minutes.
- a sample was taken and analyzed. With the help of 13 C-NMR spectroscopy, a ratio of primary to secondary to tertiary nitrogen atoms of 1: 1.78: 0.85 was determined. The proportion of secondary nitrogen atoms in the polymer was 49%.
- the ratio M w / M n was 2.2.
- Example 1 was repeated with the exception that a temperature of 130 ° C. was set in the first reaction zone and a temperature of 140 ° C. in the second reaction zone.
- a polyethyleneimine was obtained in which the ratio of primary to secondary to tertiary nitrogen atoms was 1: 1.69: 0.81. The proportion of secondary nitrogen atoms was 48%.
- the ratio of M w / M n was 2.0.
- Example 1 was repeated with the exceptions that a temperature of 90 ° C. was set in the first reaction zone and a temperature of 120 ° C. in the second reaction zone, and the metering rate of the 25% strength ethyleneimine solution was 172 g / h and that of the catalyst solution to 15.5 g / h.
- the residence time of the reaction mixture in the reactor was therefore 32 minutes.
- a polyethyleneimine was obtained with a ratio of primary to secondary to tertiary nitrogen atoms of 1: 1.77: 0.85. The proportion of secondary nitrogen atoms was 48%.
- the ratio of M w / M n was 2.2.
- Example 1 was repeated with the exception that the
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19545874 | 1995-12-08 | ||
DE19545874A DE19545874A1 (en) | 1995-12-08 | 1995-12-08 | Process for the continuous production of homopolymers of ethyleneimine |
PCT/EP1996/005256 WO1997021760A1 (en) | 1995-12-08 | 1996-11-28 | Process for continuous production of homopolymers of ethylene imine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0865459A1 true EP0865459A1 (en) | 1998-09-23 |
Family
ID=7779587
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96942273A Withdrawn EP0865459A1 (en) | 1995-12-08 | 1996-11-28 | Process for continuous production of homopolymers of ethylene imine |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5977293A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0865459A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2000501757A (en) |
DE (1) | DE19545874A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997021760A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6451961B2 (en) | 2000-02-03 | 2002-09-17 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | Ethylenimine polymer, aqueous solution of ethylenimine polymer, production process for the same and purifying process therefor |
JP4493152B2 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2010-06-30 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Process for producing ethyleneimine polymer aqueous solution |
EP1369448A1 (en) * | 2002-06-07 | 2003-12-10 | Bayer Ag | Process for the preparation of polycondensates and their use |
EP1538261A1 (en) * | 2003-12-05 | 2005-06-08 | Ciba Spezialitätenchemie Pfersee GmbH | Process for flame-proofing of fibrous products |
EP1707665A1 (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2006-10-04 | Huntsman Textile Effects (Germany) GmbH | Process for flame-proofing of fibrous materials |
DE102005015196A1 (en) * | 2005-04-02 | 2006-10-05 | Ciba Spezialitätenchemie Pfersee GmbH | Flameproof finishing of fibrous products, useful particularly for materials of high wool or cellulose content, by treatment with a branched polyethyleneimine and a phosphonic acid |
US7431845B2 (en) | 2005-06-23 | 2008-10-07 | Nalco Company | Method of clarifying oily waste water |
DE102007032111B4 (en) | 2007-07-09 | 2017-07-20 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | New proteases and detergents and cleaning agents containing these proteases |
DE102007036756A1 (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2009-02-05 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | New proteases and detergents and cleaners containing these new proteases |
DE102008059446A1 (en) | 2008-11-27 | 2010-06-02 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | New proteases and agents containing these proteases |
DE102009027045A1 (en) | 2009-06-19 | 2010-12-30 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | New proteases and agents containing these proteases |
DE102009027540A1 (en) | 2009-07-08 | 2010-05-06 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | New protease comprising a specific amino acid sequence, useful e.g. for biochemical analysis or synthesis of low molecular weight compounds or proteins |
US8697834B2 (en) | 2010-05-31 | 2014-04-15 | Basf Se | Polyalkylenepolyamines by homogeneously catalyzed alcohol amination |
BR112012030453A2 (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2016-08-09 | Basf Se | process for the preparation of polyalkylene polyamines, polyalkylene polyamine, polyethyleneimine, and use of polyalkylene polyamines |
DE102010030609A1 (en) | 2010-06-28 | 2011-12-29 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | New proteases and agents containing them |
JP5815351B2 (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2015-11-17 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Ethyleneimine polymer and process for producing the same |
US8877977B2 (en) | 2011-11-25 | 2014-11-04 | Basf Se | Synthesis of polyalkylenepolyamines having a low color index by homogeneously catalyzed alcohol amination in the presence of hydrogen |
IN2014CN03935A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2015-09-04 | Basf Se | |
CN103958568B (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2016-05-18 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | Prepare lipophile polyalkylene polyamine by the amination of homogeneous catalysis alcohol |
EP2743288A1 (en) | 2012-12-12 | 2014-06-18 | Basf Se | Method for producing chloride-free polyethylenimines |
JP2016524639A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2016-08-18 | ビーエイエスエフ・ソシエタス・エウロパエアBasf Se | Continuous production method of polyoxazoline |
CN106795282B (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2019-01-22 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Ethyleneimine polymer and its manufacturing method |
DE102016202703A1 (en) | 2016-02-22 | 2017-08-24 | Sirona Dental Systems Gmbh | Oven for dental components and heat-resistant surface |
JP2017171933A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-09-28 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Ethylene imine polymer and manufacturing method therefor |
US11332616B2 (en) | 2017-08-24 | 2022-05-17 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Ethyleneimine polymer solution and method for producing same |
JP7405667B2 (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2023-12-26 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Polyethyleneimine and method for producing polyethyleneimine |
JP7405666B2 (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2023-12-26 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Polyethyleneimine and method for producing polyethyleneimine |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2182306A (en) * | 1935-05-10 | 1939-12-05 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Polymerization of ethylene imines |
US3203910A (en) * | 1962-04-13 | 1965-08-31 | Dow Chemical Co | Polymerization of alkylenimines |
US4032480A (en) * | 1975-07-11 | 1977-06-28 | David Solomonovich Zhuk | Method of producing linear polyethylenimine |
-
1995
- 1995-12-08 DE DE19545874A patent/DE19545874A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-11-28 JP JP9521661A patent/JP2000501757A/en active Pending
- 1996-11-28 WO PCT/EP1996/005256 patent/WO1997021760A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-11-28 EP EP96942273A patent/EP0865459A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-06-08 US US09/077,877 patent/US5977293A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9721760A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5977293A (en) | 1999-11-02 |
DE19545874A1 (en) | 1997-06-12 |
JP2000501757A (en) | 2000-02-15 |
WO1997021760A1 (en) | 1997-06-19 |
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