EP0864830B1 - Heat exchanger with U-shaped tubes - Google Patents

Heat exchanger with U-shaped tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0864830B1
EP0864830B1 EP97104377A EP97104377A EP0864830B1 EP 0864830 B1 EP0864830 B1 EP 0864830B1 EP 97104377 A EP97104377 A EP 97104377A EP 97104377 A EP97104377 A EP 97104377A EP 0864830 B1 EP0864830 B1 EP 0864830B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
tubes
tube
chamber
outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97104377A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0864830A1 (en
Inventor
Michael Fix
Matthias Blach
Konrad Nassauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Borsig GmbH
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Borsig GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Borsig GmbH filed Critical Borsig GmbH
Priority to DE59705073T priority Critical patent/DE59705073D1/en
Priority to DK97104377T priority patent/DK0864830T3/en
Priority to EP97104377A priority patent/EP0864830B1/en
Priority to CA002220607A priority patent/CA2220607C/en
Priority to JP08030998A priority patent/JP4032366B2/en
Priority to US09/042,136 priority patent/US5915465A/en
Publication of EP0864830A1 publication Critical patent/EP0864830A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0864830B1 publication Critical patent/EP0864830B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/06—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits having a single U-bend
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/163—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing
    • F28D7/1669—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing the conduit assemblies having an annular shape; the conduits being assembled around a central distribution tube
    • F28D7/1676—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing the conduit assemblies having an annular shape; the conduits being assembled around a central distribution tube with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/092—Heat exchange with valve or movable deflector for heat exchange fluid flow
    • Y10S165/109—Heat exchange with valve or movable deflector for heat exchange fluid flow with by-pass of heat exchanger or heat exchanger section
    • Y10S165/11—Bypass within or surrounds heat exchanger
    • Y10S165/113—Bypass centrally located in heat exchanger
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/092—Heat exchange with valve or movable deflector for heat exchange fluid flow
    • Y10S165/109—Heat exchange with valve or movable deflector for heat exchange fluid flow with by-pass of heat exchanger or heat exchanger section
    • Y10S165/11—Bypass within or surrounds heat exchanger
    • Y10S165/118—Serpentine heat exchange flow path
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/355—Heat exchange having separate flow passage for two distinct fluids
    • Y10S165/40—Shell enclosed conduit assembly
    • Y10S165/401—Shell enclosed conduit assembly including tube support or shell-side flow director
    • Y10S165/405—Extending in a longitudinal direction
    • Y10S165/407—Extending in a longitudinal direction internal casing or tube sleeve
    • Y10S165/409—Extending in a longitudinal direction internal casing or tube sleeve including transverse element, e.g. fin, baffle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger with the features of The preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a heat exchanger is known from DE-A-3 147 512.
  • This heat exchanger contains U-shaped tubes and a central tube inside the bundle of U-shaped tubes, a separating jacket between the tubes and a guide jacket outside the tube bundle. In this way it is achieved that the medium to be cooled, guided on the jacket side is passed through the U-tube heat exchanger in such a way that the medium only comes into contact with the pressure jacket when cooled.
  • Several groups of U-tubes are provided, the legs of the U-tubes being arranged on concentric circles and being strictly assigned to each other.
  • the innermost pipe circle is assigned to the outermost pipe circle, the second innermost to the second outer, and so on.
  • a single group of U-tubes is used according to the invention.
  • the known heat exchanger is not provided with an adjustable bypass. It is therefore not possible to influence the temperature to which the medium to be cooled and guided on the jacket side is to be lowered.
  • GB-A-2 134 240 is a heat exchanger with U-tubes known, which are flowed through by the hot gas to be cooled.
  • the entry legs of the U-tubes open into one Gas inlet chamber, and the outlet legs open into one Gas outlet chamber that encloses the gas inlet chamber.
  • the gas inlet chamber is connected to the gas outlet chamber via a connected by a slide closable opening. Depending on the position of the slide, the gas entering the U-tubes or fed directly to the gas outlet chamber.
  • the well-known U-tube heat exchanger is not with a central tube, one Separating jacket and a guide jacket provided.
  • the invention has for its object a U-tube heat exchanger to create where the final temperature of the influenced on the jacket side and the pressure jacket can be protected against excessive temperature stress.
  • the heat exchanger shown is preferably used for cooling of hot gases from an ammonia or a Methanol production plant or from a coal gasification plant with overheating of steam as a cooling medium.
  • the heat exchanger consists of a pressure jacket 1, the one Encloses bundle of U-shaped tubes 2.
  • the pipes 2 are inserted into a tube sheet 3, which with the pressure jacket 1 connected is.
  • On the side facing away from the tubes 2 The tube sheet 3 is an inlet chamber 4 with a Inlet connection 5 for the supply of a heat exchange medium, e.g. B. steam provided.
  • a heat exchange medium e.g. B. steam provided.
  • Inside the entry chamber 4 an outlet chamber 6 is arranged which is connected to the tube sheet 3 connected and sealed off from the inlet chamber 4.
  • the outlet chamber 6 is provided with an outlet nozzle 7, which is led out of the inlet chamber 4.
  • the U-shaped tubes 2 are aligned so that the Entry ends on a pitch circle and exit ends on lie in another pitch circle.
  • the flow direction of the medium on the pipe side can also be reversed.
  • the exit chamber 6 with unchanged Inlet chamber 4 is circular in cross section, so that they are now on the larger pitch circle Outlet ends of the tubes 2 open into the outlet chamber 6.
  • the pressure jacket 1 is on the tube plate 3 facing away from the end Heat exchanger with a feed pipe 8 for the feed a heat exchange medium, e.g. B. of hot gas from a Ammonia or a methanol production plant or from one Provide coal gasification plant.
  • a heat exchange medium e.g. B. of hot gas from a Ammonia or a methanol production plant or from one Provide coal gasification plant.
  • a discharge pipe 9 for the discharge of the heat exchange medium provided.
  • the feed pipe 8 is connected via a feed channel 10 a one-sided open central tube 11 connected in the Longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger arranged and from the tubes 2nd is surrounded.
  • the central tube 11 ends near the Tube bottom 3.
  • a cylindrical separating jacket 12 is arranged between the legs of the U-shaped curved Tubes 2.
  • This Partition jacket 12 is connected to the tube sheet 3 and extends up to to the reversing bends of the U-shaped tubes 2.
  • the outer Legs of the tubes 2 are surrounded by a guide jacket 13, the forming an annular space 14 at a radial distance of the pressure jacket 1 is arranged.
  • the guide jacket 13 is on tightly connected at one end to the central tube 11 and sufficient with its open end close to the tube sheet 3. In the of the central tube 11 and the guide jacket 13 enclosed space are arranged perpendicular to the tubes 2 baffles 15.
  • the medium flowing through the feed pipe 8 flows through the central tube 11 is in the vicinity of the tube sheet 3 deflected, flows through the space between the Central tube 11 and the separating jacket 12 is on the deflected closed end of the guide jacket 13, now flows through the space between the separating jacket 12 and the Guide jacket 13 emerges from the open end of the guide jacket 13 and arrives in the annular space 14 between the guide jacket 13 and the pressure jacket 1, from which it passes through the discharge pipe 9 is dissipated.
  • the result is the one indicated by the arrows Flow course for the medium guided on the jacket side.
  • there 1 in the countercurrent and 2 led in direct current to the pipe-side medium.
  • the jacket-side medium is cooled and only hits the pressure jacket 1 when it has cooled down this way, additional insulation protection on the Be dispensed with inside of the pressure jacket 1.
  • a central tube 11 cylindrical chamber 16 integrated into the radial Feed channel 10 opens out.
  • the chamber 16 is opposite lying openings 17, 18 provided, one of which with the Central tube 11 and the other with the interior of the Pressure jacket 1 is connected.
  • a valve plate 19 slidably arranged by a rod 20 guided out of the heat exchanger is adjustable. In one end position, the valve plate 19 closes the the central tube 11 leading opening 17 and in the other End position leading into the interior of the pressure jacket 1 Opening 18. In between, any intermediate position is possible.
  • In the open position (closed line in Fig. 3) is the through the feed pipe 8 entering medium flow directly and discharged uncooled via the discharge pipe 9 without he comes into contact with the tubes 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmetauscher mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a heat exchanger with the features of The preamble of claim 1.

Ein derartiger Wärmetauscher ist aus der DE-A-3 147 512 bekannt.
Dieser Wärmetauscher enthält U-förmig gebogene Rohre sowie ein Zentralrohr innerhalb des Bündels der U-förmig gebogenen Rohre, einen Trennmantel zwischen den Rohren und einen Leitmantel außerhalb des Rohrbündels. Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, daß das abzukühlende, mantelseitig geführte Medium so durch den U-Rohr-Wärmetauscher geleitet wird, daß das Medium erst abgekühlt mit dem Druckmantel in Berührung kommt. Es sind mehrere Gruppen von U-Rohren vorgesehen, wobei die Schenkel der U-Rohre auf jeweils konzentrischen Kreisen angeordnet und jeweils strikt einander zugeordnet sind. Der innerste Rohrkreis ist dem äußersten Rohrkreis zugeordnet, der zweitinnerste dem zweitäußeren und so weiter. Im Unterschied dazu wird gemäß der Erfindung eine einzige Gruppe von U-Rohren verwendet. Der bekannte Wärmetauscher ist nicht mit einem regelbaren Bypass versehen. Es ist daher nicht möglich, die Temperatur zu beeinflussen, auf die das abzukühlende, mantelseitig geführte Medium abgesenkt werden soll.Such a heat exchanger is known from DE-A-3 147 512.
This heat exchanger contains U-shaped tubes and a central tube inside the bundle of U-shaped tubes, a separating jacket between the tubes and a guide jacket outside the tube bundle. In this way it is achieved that the medium to be cooled, guided on the jacket side is passed through the U-tube heat exchanger in such a way that the medium only comes into contact with the pressure jacket when cooled. Several groups of U-tubes are provided, the legs of the U-tubes being arranged on concentric circles and being strictly assigned to each other. The innermost pipe circle is assigned to the outermost pipe circle, the second innermost to the second outer, and so on. In contrast, a single group of U-tubes is used according to the invention. The known heat exchanger is not provided with an adjustable bypass. It is therefore not possible to influence the temperature to which the medium to be cooled and guided on the jacket side is to be lowered.

Bei einem aus der DE-C-2 033 128 bekannten Wärmetauscher ist der Leitmantel beidseitig offen und in der Mitte mit einem Zuführungsstutzen für das mantelseitige Medium versehen. Das zugeführte Medium verteilt sich im Inneren des Leitmantels nach beiden Seiten und strömt zu einem Teil im Gegenstrom und zum anderen Teil im Gleichstrom zu dem rohrseitigen Medium. Danach tritt das mantelseitige Medium in den Ringraum zwischen dem Leitmantel und dem äußeren Druckmantel ein, aus dem es anschließend abgeführt wird. Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, daß der Druckmantel nicht mit Medium von hoher Eintrittstemperatur in Berührung kommt. In one known from DE-C-2 033 128 heat exchanger Guide jacket open on both sides and in the middle with a Provide feeder for the jacket-side medium. The supplied medium is redistributed in the interior of the guide jacket both sides and flows partly in counterflow and to other part in cocurrent to the tube-side medium. After that the shell-side medium enters the annular space between the Guide jacket and the outer pressure jacket from which it is subsequently discharged. In this way it is achieved that the pressure jacket does not contain medium with a high inlet temperature comes into contact.

In manchen Anwendungsbereichen ist es erwünscht, daß die Temperatur, auf die das abzukühlende, mantelseitig geführte Medium abgesenkt wird, beeinflußt werden kann. Zum Erreichen dieses Zweckes ist eine Bypassanordnung bekannt (DE-C-2 846 455), die aus einem in der Längsachse des Wärmetauschers angeordneten Zentralrohr besteht. Dieses Zentralrohr verbindet direkt die Gaseintrittskammer mit der Gasaustrittskammer und nimmt an seinem Austrittsende ein Verschluß-oder Regelorgan auf. Diese Bypassanordnung ist nur für Geradrohr-Wärmetauscher anwendbar, bei denen die Wärmeaustauschrohre in zwei Rohrböden gehalten sind, die jeweils die Gaseintrittskammer oder die Gasaustrittskammer begrenzen.In some areas of application, it is desirable that the Temperature to which the jacket-side cooling to be cooled Medium is lowered, can be influenced. To reach a bypass arrangement is known for this purpose (DE-C-2 846 455), which consists of one in the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger arranged central tube there. This central tube connects directly the gas inlet chamber with the gas outlet chamber and receives a closure or regulating member at its exit end. This bypass arrangement is only for straight tube heat exchangers applicable where the heat exchange tubes in two tube sheets are held, each of the gas inlet chamber or Limit gas outlet chamber.

Aus der GB-A-2 134 240 ist ein Wärmetauscher mit U-Rohren bekannt, die von dem zu kühlenden heißen Gas durchströmt sind. Die Eintrittsschenkel der U-Rohre münden in eine Gaseintrittskammer, und die Austrittschenkel münden in eine Gasaustrittskammer ein, die die Gaseintrittskammer umschließt. Die Gaseintrittskammer ist mit der Gasaustrittskammer über eine durch einen Schieber verschließbare Öffnung verbunden. Je nach der Stellung des Schiebers wird das eintretende Gas den U-Rohren oder direkt der Gasaustrittskammer zugeführt. Der bekannte U-Rohr-Wärmetauscher ist nicht mit einem Zentralrohr, einem Trennmantel und einem Leitmantel versehen.GB-A-2 134 240 is a heat exchanger with U-tubes known, which are flowed through by the hot gas to be cooled. The entry legs of the U-tubes open into one Gas inlet chamber, and the outlet legs open into one Gas outlet chamber that encloses the gas inlet chamber. The gas inlet chamber is connected to the gas outlet chamber via a connected by a slide closable opening. Depending on the position of the slide, the gas entering the U-tubes or fed directly to the gas outlet chamber. The well-known U-tube heat exchanger is not with a central tube, one Separating jacket and a guide jacket provided.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen U-Rohr-Wärmetauscher zu schaffen, bei dem die Endtemperatur des mantelseitig geführten Mediums beeinflußt und der Druckmantel vor zu hoher Temperaturbelastung geschützt werden kann.The invention has for its object a U-tube heat exchanger to create where the final temperature of the influenced on the jacket side and the pressure jacket can be protected against excessive temperature stress.

Die Aufgabe wird bei einem gattungsgemäßen Wärmetauscher erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche. The task is with a generic heat exchanger according to the invention by the characterizing features of Claim 1 solved. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims.

Durch die Anordnung der U-Rohre und die mehrfache Umlenkung des mantelseitig geführten Mediums innerhalb des Wärmetauschers wird es möglich, das Zentralrohr mit einem Absperr- und Regelorgan zu versehen und so bei einem U-Rohr-Wärmetauscher eine Bypassanordnung zu schaffen. Gleichzeitig wird das mantelseitige Medium so geführt, daß es erst abgekühlt mit dem Druckmantel in Berührung kommt.The arrangement of the U-tubes and the multiple deflection of the medium guided on the jacket side within the heat exchanger it is possible to close the central tube with a shut-off and control element provided and so with a U-tube heat exchanger To create a bypass arrangement. At the same time, the jacket side Medium so that it only cooled down with the pressure jacket in Touch comes.

Mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt durch einen Wärmetauscher,
Fig. 2
den Längsschnitt durch einen Wärmetauscher gemäß einer anderen Ausführungsform und
Fig. 3
die Einzelheit Z nach Fig. 1 oder 2.
Several embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are explained in more detail below. Show it:
Fig. 1
a longitudinal section through a heat exchanger,
Fig. 2
the longitudinal section through a heat exchanger according to another embodiment and
Fig. 3
the detail Z according to FIG. 1 or 2.

Der dargestellte Wärmetauscher dient vorzugsweise der Kühlung von heißen Gasen aus einer Ammoniak- oder einer Methanolerzeugungsanlage oder aus einer Kohlevergasungsanlage unter Überhitzung von Dampf als Kühlmedium.The heat exchanger shown is preferably used for cooling of hot gases from an ammonia or a Methanol production plant or from a coal gasification plant with overheating of steam as a cooling medium.

Der Wärmetauscher besteht aus einem Druckmantel 1, der ein Bündel aus U-förmig gebogenen Rohren 2 umschließt. Die Rohre 2 sind in einen Rohrboden 3 eingesetzt, der mit dem Druckmantel 1 verbunden ist. Auf der den Rohren 2 abgewandten Seite des Rohrbodens 3 ist eine Eintrittskammer 4 mit einem Eintrittsstutzen 5 für die Zufuhr eines Wärmeaustauschmediums, z. B. Dampf, vorgesehen. Innerhalb der Eintrittskammer 4 ist eine Austrittskammer 6 angeordnet, die mit dem Rohrboden 3 verbunden und gegenüber der Eintrittskammer 4 abgeschlossen ist. Die Austrittskammer 6 ist mit einem Austrittsstutzen 7 versehen, der aus der Eintrittskammer 4 herausgeführt ist. The heat exchanger consists of a pressure jacket 1, the one Encloses bundle of U-shaped tubes 2. The pipes 2 are inserted into a tube sheet 3, which with the pressure jacket 1 connected is. On the side facing away from the tubes 2 The tube sheet 3 is an inlet chamber 4 with a Inlet connection 5 for the supply of a heat exchange medium, e.g. B. steam provided. Inside the entry chamber 4 an outlet chamber 6 is arranged which is connected to the tube sheet 3 connected and sealed off from the inlet chamber 4. The outlet chamber 6 is provided with an outlet nozzle 7, which is led out of the inlet chamber 4.

Die U-förmig gebogenen Rohre 2 sind so ausgerichtet, daß die Eintrittsenden auf einem Teilkreis und die Austrittsenden auf einem anderen Teilkreis liegen. Die Eintrittsenden der Rohre 2 sind zu der Eintrittskammer 4 offen, und die Austrittsenden münden in die Austrittskammer 6 ein. Auf diese Weise ergibt sich die durch die Pfeile angedeutete Strömungsrichtung des auf der Rohrseite geführten Mediums. Gemäß Fig. 1 ist die Austrittskammer 6 im Querschnitt kreisförmig und zentral, das heißt in der Längsachse des Wärmetauschers angeordnet.The U-shaped tubes 2 are aligned so that the Entry ends on a pitch circle and exit ends on lie in another pitch circle. The inlet ends of the pipes 2 are open to the inlet chamber 4 and the outlet ends open into the outlet chamber 6. This way the direction of flow indicated by the arrows the pipe guided medium. 1 is the Outlet chamber 6 in cross section circular and central, that means arranged in the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger.

Wie in der Fig. 2 gezeigt ist, kann die Strömungsrichtung des rohrseitig geführten Mediums auch umgekehrt sein. In diesem Fall ist die Austrittskammer 6 bei unveränderter Eintrittskammer 4 im Querschnitt kreisringförmig ausgebildet, so daß jetzt die auf dem größeren Teilkreis liegenden Austrittsenden der Rohre 2 in die Austrittskammer 6 münden.As shown in Fig. 2, the flow direction of the medium on the pipe side can also be reversed. In this The case is the exit chamber 6 with unchanged Inlet chamber 4 is circular in cross section, so that they are now on the larger pitch circle Outlet ends of the tubes 2 open into the outlet chamber 6.

Der Druckmantel 1 ist an dem Rohrboden 3 abgewandten Ende des Wärmetauschers mit einem Zuführungsstutzen 8 für die Zuführung eines Wärmeaustauschmediums, z. B. von heißem Gas aus einer Ammoniak- oder einer Methanolerzeugungsanlage oder aus einer Kohlevergasungsanlage versehen. An dem gleichen Ende des Wärmetauschers ist ein Abführungsstutzen 9 für die Abführung des Wärmeaustauschmediums vorgesehen.The pressure jacket 1 is on the tube plate 3 facing away from the end Heat exchanger with a feed pipe 8 for the feed a heat exchange medium, e.g. B. of hot gas from a Ammonia or a methanol production plant or from one Provide coal gasification plant. At the same end of the Heat exchanger is a discharge pipe 9 for the discharge of the heat exchange medium provided.

Der Zuführungsstutzen 8 ist über einen Zuführungskanal 10 mit einem einseitig offenen Zentralrohr 11 verbunden, das in der Längsachse des Wärmetauschers angeordnet und von den Rohren 2 umgeben ist. Das Zentralrohr 11 endet in der Nähe des Rohrbodens 3. Zwischen den Schenkeln der U-förmig gebogenen Rohre 2 ist ein zylindrischer Trennmantel 12 angeordnet. Dieser Trennmantel 12 ist mit dem Rohrboden 3 verbunden und reicht bis an die Umkehrbögen der U-förmig gebogenen Rohre 2. Die äußeren Schenkel der Rohre 2 sind von einem Leitmantel 13 umgeben, der unter Bildung eines Ringraumes 14 in einem radialen Abstand von dem Druckmantel 1 angeordnet ist. Der Leitmantel 13 ist an einem Ende mit dem Zentralrohr 11 dicht verbunden und reicht mit seinem offenen Ende bis nahe an den Rohrboden 3. In dem von dem Zentralrohr 11 und dem Leitmantel 13 umschlossenen Raum sind senkrecht zu den Rohren 2 Umlenkbleche 15 angeordnet.The feed pipe 8 is connected via a feed channel 10 a one-sided open central tube 11 connected in the Longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger arranged and from the tubes 2nd is surrounded. The central tube 11 ends near the Tube bottom 3. Between the legs of the U-shaped curved Tubes 2, a cylindrical separating jacket 12 is arranged. This Partition jacket 12 is connected to the tube sheet 3 and extends up to to the reversing bends of the U-shaped tubes 2. The outer Legs of the tubes 2 are surrounded by a guide jacket 13, the forming an annular space 14 at a radial distance of the pressure jacket 1 is arranged. The guide jacket 13 is on tightly connected at one end to the central tube 11 and sufficient with its open end close to the tube sheet 3. In the of the central tube 11 and the guide jacket 13 enclosed space are arranged perpendicular to the tubes 2 baffles 15.

Das durch den Zuführungsstutzen 8 geführte Medium durchströmt das Zentralrohr 11, wird in der Nähe des Rohrbodens 3 umgelenkt, strömt durch den Zwischenraum zwischen dem Zentralrohr 11 und dem Trennmantel 12, wird an dem geschlossenen Ende des Leitmantels 13 umgelenkt, strömt nun durch den Zwischenraum zwischen dem Trennmantel 12 und dem Leitmantel 13, tritt aus dem offenen Ende des Leitmantels 13 aus und gelangt in den Ringraum 14 zwischen dem Leitmantel 13 und dem Druckmantel 1, aus dem es durch den Abführungsstutzen 9 abgeführt wird. Es ergibt sich der durch die Pfeile angedeutete Strömungsverlauf für das mantelseitig geführte Medium. Dabei wird das mantelseitige Medium gemäß Fig. 1 im Gegenstrom und gemäß Fig. 2 im Gleichstrom zu dem rohrseitigen Medium geführt. Durch den Wärmetausch mit dem durch die Rohre 2 geführten kühleren Medium wird das mantelseitige Medium gekühlt und trifft erst im abgekühlten Zustand auf den Druckmantel 1. Auf diese Weise kann auf einen zusätzlichen Isolierschutz auf der Innenseite des Druckmantels 1 verzichtet werden.The medium flowing through the feed pipe 8 flows through the central tube 11 is in the vicinity of the tube sheet 3 deflected, flows through the space between the Central tube 11 and the separating jacket 12 is on the deflected closed end of the guide jacket 13, now flows through the space between the separating jacket 12 and the Guide jacket 13 emerges from the open end of the guide jacket 13 and arrives in the annular space 14 between the guide jacket 13 and the pressure jacket 1, from which it passes through the discharge pipe 9 is dissipated. The result is the one indicated by the arrows Flow course for the medium guided on the jacket side. there 1 in the countercurrent and 2 led in direct current to the pipe-side medium. By exchanging heat with the pipe 2 cooler medium, the jacket-side medium is cooled and only hits the pressure jacket 1 when it has cooled down this way, additional insulation protection on the Be dispensed with inside of the pressure jacket 1.

In dem Eintrittsbereich ist in das Zentralrohr 11 eine zylindrische Kammer 16 integriert, in die radial der Zuführungskanal 10 einmündet. Die Kammer 16 ist mit gegenüber liegenden Öffnungen 17, 18 versehen, von denen eine mit dem Zentralrohr 11 und die andere mit dem Innenraum des Druckmantels 1 in Verbindung steht. In der Kammer 16 ist axial eine Ventilplatte 19 verschiebbar angeordnet, die durch eine aus dem Wärmetauscher herausgeführte Stange 20 verstellbar ist. In der einen Endstellung verschließt die Ventilplatte 19 die zu dem Zentralrohr 11 führende Öffnung 17 und in der anderen Endstellung die in das Innere des Druckmantels 1 führende Öffnung 18. Dazwischen ist jede Zwischenstellung möglich. In der Offenstellung (geschlossener Linienzug in Fig. 3) wird der durch den zuführungsstutzen 8 eintretende Mediumstrom direkt und ungekühlt über den Abführungsstutzen 9 abgeführt, ohne daß er mit den Rohren 2 in Berührung kommt. In der Geschlossenstellung (gestrichelter Linienzug in Fig. 3) tritt der Mediumstrom in das Zentralrohr 11 ein und wird unter mehrfacher Umlenkung an den Rohren 2 entlang, bevor er durch den Ringraum 14 und den Abführungsstutzen 9 abgeführt wird. Dieser Fall ist auch in den Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigt. Auf diese Weise kann durch eine einzige Verstellbewegung der mit der Ventilplatte 19 verbundenen Stange 20 - also durch die Verstellbewegung eines einzigen Verstellgliedes - die jeweils durch die Öffnungen der Kammer 16 strömende Mediummenge zwischen null und hundert Prozent variiert werden. Dadurch kann jede Austrittstemperatur des mantelseitigen oder des rohrseitigen Mediums eingestellt werden.In the entry area there is a central tube 11 cylindrical chamber 16 integrated into the radial Feed channel 10 opens out. The chamber 16 is opposite lying openings 17, 18 provided, one of which with the Central tube 11 and the other with the interior of the Pressure jacket 1 is connected. In the chamber 16 is axial a valve plate 19 slidably arranged by a rod 20 guided out of the heat exchanger is adjustable. In one end position, the valve plate 19 closes the the central tube 11 leading opening 17 and in the other End position leading into the interior of the pressure jacket 1 Opening 18. In between, any intermediate position is possible. In the open position (closed line in Fig. 3) is the through the feed pipe 8 entering medium flow directly and discharged uncooled via the discharge pipe 9 without he comes into contact with the tubes 2. In the Closed position (dashed line in Fig. 3) occurs the medium flow into the central tube 11 and is under multiple deflection along the tubes 2 before passing through the annular space 14 and the discharge pipe 9 is discharged. This case is also shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. To this Way with a single adjustment of the Valve plate 19 connected rod 20 - ie through the Adjustment movement of a single adjustment element - each amount of medium flowing through the openings of the chamber 16 can be varied between zero and one hundred percent. This can any outlet temperature of the jacket side or the tube-side medium can be set.

Claims (4)

  1. Heat exchanger with an outer pressure casing (1), which is provided with an inlet stub pipe (5) for the feed and with an outlet stub pipe (7) for the discharge of a heat exchange medium and which encloses tubes (2) bent in U-shape and inserted in a tube base (3), which is connected with the pressure casing (1), wherein the tubes (2) bent into U-shape are surrounded by a guide casing (13) which is arranged at a radial spacing from the inner side of the pressure casing (1) with formation of an annular space (14), wherein the inner and outer tube limbs of the tubes (2) bent in U-shape are each arranged on a respective one of two concentric part circles, wherein the inner tube limb surrounds a central tube (11) which is arranged in the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger and which is connected with a feed channel (10) and open towards the interior of the heat exchanger and extends from one end of the heat exchanger to near the tube base (3) arranged at the other end of the heat exchanger, wherein arranged between the inner and the outer tube limbs of the tubes (2) bent in U-shape is a separating casing (12) which is connected with the tube base (3), wherein the guide casing (13) is sealingly connected at one end with the central tube (11) and extends by its open end into the vicinity of the tube base (3), wherein the outlet stub pipe (7) going out from the annular space (14) between the guide casing (13) and the pressure casing (1) is arranged at the end of the heat exchanger and the end of the heat exchanger is remote from the open end of the guide casing (13), characterised in that provided in the inlet region of the central tube (11) is a chamber (16) which is provided with two mutually opposite openings (18, 17), of which one is connected with the central tube (11) and the other with the interior space of the pressure casing (1) and that a valve plate (19) is arranged in the chamber (16) to be axially displaceable each time for contact with one of the openings (17, 18).
  2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterised in that the tube base (3) bounds, on the side remote from the tubes (2), an inlet chamber (4) in which an outlet chamber (6) is arranged and is connected with the tube base (3), the outlet chamber being provided with an outlet stub pipe (7), and that the outlet ends of all tubes (2) open into the outlet chamber (6).
  3. Heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterised in that the outlet chamber (6) is constructed to be circular in cross-section and is arranged centrally in the inlet chamber (4).
  4. Heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterised in that the outlet chamber (6) is constructed to be circularly annular in cross-section.
EP97104377A 1997-03-14 1997-03-14 Heat exchanger with U-shaped tubes Expired - Lifetime EP0864830B1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59705073T DE59705073D1 (en) 1997-03-14 1997-03-14 Heat exchangers with U-tubes
DK97104377T DK0864830T3 (en) 1997-03-14 1997-03-14 Heat exchanger with U-shaped pipes
EP97104377A EP0864830B1 (en) 1997-03-14 1997-03-14 Heat exchanger with U-shaped tubes
CA002220607A CA2220607C (en) 1997-03-14 1997-11-27 Heat exchanger
JP08030998A JP4032366B2 (en) 1997-03-14 1998-03-12 Heat exchanger
US09/042,136 US5915465A (en) 1997-03-14 1998-03-13 Heat exchanger

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97104377A EP0864830B1 (en) 1997-03-14 1997-03-14 Heat exchanger with U-shaped tubes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0864830A1 EP0864830A1 (en) 1998-09-16
EP0864830B1 true EP0864830B1 (en) 2001-10-24

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ID=8226605

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97104377A Expired - Lifetime EP0864830B1 (en) 1997-03-14 1997-03-14 Heat exchanger with U-shaped tubes

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US (1) US5915465A (en)
EP (1) EP0864830B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4032366B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2220607C (en)
DE (1) DE59705073D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0864830T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5915465A (en) 1999-06-29
DE59705073D1 (en) 2001-11-29
JPH10300370A (en) 1998-11-13
CA2220607A1 (en) 1998-09-14
DK0864830T3 (en) 2002-02-04
JP4032366B2 (en) 2008-01-16
CA2220607C (en) 2006-02-28
EP0864830A1 (en) 1998-09-16

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