EP0864659B1 - Steel blade for agriculture and forestry and a process for making this blade - Google Patents
Steel blade for agriculture and forestry and a process for making this blade Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0864659B1 EP0864659B1 EP19980102174 EP98102174A EP0864659B1 EP 0864659 B1 EP0864659 B1 EP 0864659B1 EP 19980102174 EP19980102174 EP 19980102174 EP 98102174 A EP98102174 A EP 98102174A EP 0864659 B1 EP0864659 B1 EP 0864659B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blade
- steel
- hardness
- hrc
- forestry
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/18—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for knives, scythes, scissors, or like hand cutting tools
Definitions
- the invention relates to a blade for land and forestry steel, thermal is hardened by heating and quenching, as well as a Method of making such a blade.
- Low carbon steel e.g. C22 or C35
- This hardness is for direct use completely inadequate as the cutting edge, but has the advantage that the toughness is sufficiently high that a Post-treatment (tempering) is not necessary.
- a surface hardening process e.g. carbonitriding
- the layer can reach a hardness of 65 to 70 HRc.
- a Blade made using the procedure just described is and has the properties mentioned is e.g. described in DE-C 42 04 000 or also EP-B 555 694.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a blade create that does not have the disadvantages mentioned above.
- the object of the invention is achieved in that the Blade according to the invention for agricultural and forestry Steel purposes by heating and quenching a hardness of 54-56 HRc hardened and at least in the range the cutting edge is surface hardened, the Steel contains 0.35-0.50% carbon and 0.0015-0.008% boron.
- the steel preferably contains 0.3 to 0.5% chromium and / or titanium in a preferred proportion of 0.041%. Despite the hardness of HRc 54-56, the steel has a high Toughness and can therefore remain at this high hardness become.
- such a blade has one higher bending resistance or it can with the same bending resistance the thickness of the blade can be reduced.
- This is a very important advantage because it makes the masses to be moved translationally become smaller and both a lower driving force is required than wear on the drive elements is also reduced.
- a thinner blade moves through more easily the material to be cut, which is also the required driving force reduced and also reduces the risk of constipation.
- the reduction of the masses to be moved is of more important if you keep in mind that for example with a 9 m long cutting knife for combine harvesters approx. 120 blades are installed.
- the self-sharpening effect given by the difference in hardness is achieved by increasing the hardness of the base material compared to the blade of the prior art and thus by reducing the difference in hardness between Hardness layer and base material significantly improved. It increases the service life and regrinding less often be made.
- the blade preferably has at least in the region of the Cut a surface hardening process known per se, preferably hardened by carbonitriding Layer on the surface with a hardness of 65 to 70 HRc. This optimizes the self-sharpening effect.
- the steel blade is preferably 0.3 to 0.5% Chromium and / or titanium preferably in a proportion of 0.041% manufactured.
- Fig.1 is one of the Known form in a view from shown above.
- Fig. 2 is a stack with blades in Section along the line II-II shown in Fig. 1.
- the blade has a body 7 with mounting holes 8 on and the cutting areas 2 and 3, which are on connect the cutting edge 6 and its hardening for the The service life of the blade is decisive.
- the diffusion of carbon and nitrogen is only found on the uncovered Areas, i.e. in cutting areas 2 and 3 as well on the top surface 5 of the top blade 1 and the bottom Surface 4 of the bottom blade 1, instead.
- the cutting areas can be stacked in a time-saving manner several blades simultaneously surface hardened are used, with significantly less diffusion gas required will, but at the essential points, namely on the cutting areas 2 and 3, a hardening the surface instead.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Klinge für land- und forstwirtschaftliche Zwecke aus Stahl, die thermisch durch Erwärmen und Abschrecken gehärtet wird, sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Klinge.The invention relates to a blade for land and forestry steel, thermal is hardened by heating and quenching, as well as a Method of making such a blade.
Durch Härten kann niedrig gekohlter Stahl, wie z.B. C22 oder C35, bei Erwärmung auf ca. 900°C und anschließendem Abschrecken auf eine maximale Härte von bis zu 48 HRc gehärtet werden. Diese Härte ist für einen direkten Einsatz als Schneidenkante völlig unzureichend, hat aber den Vorteil, daß die Zähigkeit ausreichend hoch ist, so daß eine Nachbehandlung (Anlassen) nicht erforderlich ist. Um die als Schneidkante erforderliche Härte zu erreichen, wird bei Verfahren gemäß dem Stand der Technik die Klinge durch ein Oberflächenhärtungsverfahren, z.B. Karbonitrieren, in der äußersten Schicht gehärtet. Diese gehärtete Schicht kann eine Härte von 65 bis 70 HRc erreichen. Eine Klinge, die nach dem soeben beschriebenen Verfahren hergestellt wird und die genannten Eigenschaften hat, ist z.B. in der DE-C 42 04 000 oder auch der EP-B 555 694 beschrieben.Low carbon steel, e.g. C22 or C35, when heated to approx. 900 ° C and then Quench hardened to a maximum hardness of up to 48 HRc become. This hardness is for direct use completely inadequate as the cutting edge, but has the advantage that the toughness is sufficiently high that a Post-treatment (tempering) is not necessary. To the to achieve the required hardness as the cutting edge the blade in prior art processes by a surface hardening process, e.g. carbonitriding, hardened in the outermost layer. This hardened The layer can reach a hardness of 65 to 70 HRc. A Blade made using the procedure just described is and has the properties mentioned is e.g. described in DE-C 42 04 000 or also EP-B 555 694.
Dieses Verfahren ist für höher gekohlte Stähle nicht verwendbar, da dort das Grundmaterial eine höhere Härte annimmt, aber ohne Nachbehandlung (Anlassen) eine zu geringe Zähigkeit aufweist und damit die Bruchgefahr zu hoch ist. Beim Nachbehandeln durch Anlassen würde aber der Effekt der hohen Härte von 65 bis 70 HRc in der karbonitrierten Schicht wieder verlorengehen.This method cannot be used for higher carbon steels, because the base material takes on a higher hardness there, but without post-treatment (tempering) too little Toughness and the risk of breakage too high is. The effect would be with post-treatment by tempering the high hardness of 65 to 70 HRc in the carbonitrided Layer is lost again.
Ferner ist es aus der EP-A 180 805 bekannt, die Härte, Zähigkeit und somit Verschleissbeständigkeit von Stahlprodukten u.a. für land- und forstwirtschaftliche Zwecke zu verbessern, indem der Stahl mikroborlegiert wird.Furthermore, it is known from EP-A 180 805 that the hardness, Toughness and therefore wear resistance of steel products et al for agricultural and forestry purposes to improve by micro-alloying the steel.
Bei Klingen gemäß des Standes der Technik andererseits ist der Verbiegewiderstand durch die erreichbare Grundhärte limitiert, so daß es zu einem Verbiegen der Klinge kommen kann und auch der durch die unterschiedliche Härte der gehärteten Schicht und des Grundmaterials sich ergebende Selbstschärfeffekt durch den unterschiedlich schnellen Verschleiß ist unzufriedenstellend, da das Grundmaterial zu schnell verschleißt.On the other hand, in the case of blades according to the prior art is the bending resistance due to the attainable basic hardness limited so that it will bend the blade can come and also because of the different hardness the hardened layer and the base material resulting Self-sharpening effect through the different rapid wear is unsatisfactory since that Base material wears out too quickly.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Klinge zu schaffen, die die obengenannten Nachteile nicht aufweist.The object of the present invention is to provide a blade create that does not have the disadvantages mentioned above.
Die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß die erfindungsgemäße Klinge für land- und forstwirtschaftliche Zwecke aus Stahl durch Erwärmen und Abschrecken auf eine Härte von 54-56 HRc gehärtet sowie mindestens im Bereich der Schneide oberflächengehärtet ist, wobei der Stahl 0,35-0,50% Kohlenstoff und 0,0015-0,008% Bor enthält. Vorzugsweise enthält der Stahl 0,3 bis 0,5 % Chrom und/oder Titan in einem bevorzugten Anteil von 0,041%. Trotz der Härte von HRc 54-56 weist der Stahl eine hohe Zähigkeit auf und kann deshalb bei dieser hohen Härte belassen werden.The object of the invention is achieved in that the Blade according to the invention for agricultural and forestry Steel purposes by heating and quenching a hardness of 54-56 HRc hardened and at least in the range the cutting edge is surface hardened, the Steel contains 0.35-0.50% carbon and 0.0015-0.008% boron. The steel preferably contains 0.3 to 0.5% chromium and / or titanium in a preferred proportion of 0.041%. Despite the hardness of HRc 54-56, the steel has a high Toughness and can therefore remain at this high hardness become.
Bei gleicher Abmessung hat eine derartige Klinge einen höheren Biegewiderstand oder es kann bei gleichem Biegewiderstand die Dicke der Klinge reduziert werden. Dies ist ein ganz entscheidender Vorteil, da dadurch die translatorisch zu bewegenden Massen geringer werden und sowohl eine geringere Antriebskraft erforderlich ist als auch der Verschleiß der Antriebselemente reduziert wird. Weiters bewegt sich eine dünnere Klinge leichter durch das Schneidgut, was ebenfalls die erforderliche Antriebskraft verringert und außerdem die Verstopfungsgefahr reduziert. Die Reduktion der zu bewegenden Massen ist von großere Bedeutung, wenn man sich vor Augen hält, daß beispielsweise bei einem 9 m langen Mähmesser für Mähdrescher ca. 120 Stück Klingen montiert sind.With the same dimensions, such a blade has one higher bending resistance or it can with the same bending resistance the thickness of the blade can be reduced. This is a very important advantage because it makes the masses to be moved translationally become smaller and both a lower driving force is required than wear on the drive elements is also reduced. Furthermore, a thinner blade moves through more easily the material to be cut, which is also the required driving force reduced and also reduces the risk of constipation. The reduction of the masses to be moved is of more important if you keep in mind that for example with a 9 m long cutting knife for combine harvesters approx. 120 blades are installed.
Auch der durch die Härtedifferenz gegebene Selbstschärfeffekt wird durch die Anhebung der Härte des Grundmaterials gegenüber der Klinge des Standes der Technik und damit durch die Verringerung der Härtedifferenz zwischen Härteschicht und Grundmaterial wesentlich verbessert. Es erhöht die Standzeit und ein Nachschleifen muß seltener vorgenommen werden.Also the self-sharpening effect given by the difference in hardness is achieved by increasing the hardness of the base material compared to the blade of the prior art and thus by reducing the difference in hardness between Hardness layer and base material significantly improved. It increases the service life and regrinding less often be made.
Vorzugsweise weist die Klinge zumindest im Bereich der Schneide eine durch ein an sich bekanntes Oberflächenhärtungsverfahren, vorzugsweise durch Karbonitrieren, gehärtete Schicht an der Oberfläche mit einer Härte von 65 bis 70 HRc auf. Damit wird der Selbstschärfeffekt optimiert.The blade preferably has at least in the region of the Cut a surface hardening process known per se, preferably hardened by carbonitriding Layer on the surface with a hardness of 65 to 70 HRc. This optimizes the self-sharpening effect.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Herstellung einer Klinge für land- und forstwirtschaftliche Zwecke aus Stahl wird die Klinge aus mikroborlegiertem Stahl mit einem Kohlenstoffgehalt von 0,35 bis 0,50 % und einem Borgehalt von 0,0015 bis 0,008% gefertigt, durch Erwärmen und Abschrecken auf eine Härte von 54 bis 56 HRc gebracht und durch ein an sich bekanntes Oberflächenhärtungsverfahren, vorzugsweise durch Karbonitrieren an der Oberfläche zumindest im Bereich der Schneide, auf eine Härte von 65 bis 70 HRc gebracht. In the manufacture of a blade for agricultural and forestry purposes made of steel Blade made of micro-alloy steel with a carbon content from 0.35 to 0.50% and a boron content of 0.0015 up to 0.008%, by heating and quenching brought a hardness of 54 to 56 HRc and by a known surface hardening method, preferably by carbonitriding on the surface at least in the area the cutting edge, brought to a hardness of 65 to 70 HRc.
Beim Oberflächenhärten werden vorzugsweise mehrere Klingen in einem Stapel aufeinandergelegt, wobei sich die Oberflächen der Klingen gegenseitig abdecken, außer in den Bereichen der Schneiden und an der oberen Fläche der obersten Klinge und an der unteren Fläche der untersten Klinge. Durch dieses an sich bekannte Stapeln der Schneidklingen (DE-C 584 864) kann das gesamte Härteverfahren wesentlich kostengünstiger durchgeführt werden, da einerseits in eine wesentlich kleinere Fläche Kohlenstoff oder Stickstoff hineindiffundiert werden muß und andererseits eine wesentlich größere Stückzahl von Schneidklingen gleichzeitig behandelt werden kann; d.h. bei gleichen Kosten eine mehrfache Stückzahl hergestellt werden kann.Several blades are preferably used for surface hardening stacked on top of each other, with the Cover surfaces of blades mutually, except in the areas of the cutting edges and on the upper surface of the top blade and on the bottom surface of the bottom Blade. Through this known stacking of the Cutting blades (DE-C 584 864) can handle the entire hardening process be carried out much cheaper, because on the one hand, in a much smaller area of carbon or nitrogen must be diffused in and on the other hand a much larger number of cutting blades can be treated at the same time; i.e. at same Cost a multiple number of pieces can be produced.
Vorzugsweise wird die Klinge aus Stahl mit 0,3 bis 0,5 % Chrom und/oder Titan vorzugsweise in einem Anteil von 0,041% gefertigt.The steel blade is preferably 0.3 to 0.5% Chromium and / or titanium preferably in a proportion of 0.041% manufactured.
Eine erfindungsgemäß gehärtete Klinge wird z.B., wie
folgt, hergestellt:
In den beiligenden Zeichnungen ist in Fig.1 eine von der Form her an sich bekannte Klinge in einer Ansicht von oben gezeigt. In Fig. 2 ist ein Stapel mit Klingen im Schnitt gemäß der Linie II-II in Fig. 1 dargestellt.In the accompanying drawings in Fig.1 is one of the Known form in a view from shown above. In Fig. 2 is a stack with blades in Section along the line II-II shown in Fig. 1.
Die Klinge weist einen Körper 7 mit Befestigungsbohrungen
8 auf sowie die Schneidenbereiche 2 und 3, welche sich an
die Schneide 6 anschließen und deren Härtung für die
Standzeit der Klinge ausschlaggebend ist. Werden die
Klingen wie in Fig. 2 übereinander gestapelt, so berührt
die untere Fläche 4 einer Klinge 1 die obere Fläche 5 der
darunterliegenden Klinge 1 und die Oberflächen der Klingen
decken sich gegenseitig ab. Die Diffusion des Kohlenstoffs
und Stickstoffs findet jedoch nur an den unbedeckten
Flächen, d.h. in den Schneidenbereichen 2 und 3 sowie
an der oberen Fläche 5 der obersten Klinge 1 und der unteren
Fläche 4 der untersten Klinge 1, statt. Durch das
Stapeln können in zeitsparender Weise die Schneidenbereiche
mehrerer Klingen gleichzeitig oberflächengehärtet
werden, wobei auch wesentlich weniger Diffusionsgas benötigt
wird, dennoch findet an den wesentlichen Stellen,
nämlich an den Schneidenbereichen 2 und 3, eine Härtung
der Oberfläche statt.The blade has a
Claims (7)
- A steel blade of use in agriculture and forestry, tempered to a hardness of 54 to 56 HRc by heating and quenching and surface-hardened at least in the region (2, 3) of the edge (6), wherein the steel contains 0.35 - 0.50% carbon and 0.0015 - 0.008% boron.
- A blade according to claim 1, characterised in that the steel contains titanium, preferably in a proportion of 0.041%.
- A blade according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the steel contains 0.3 to 0.5% chromium.
- A blade according to any of claims 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the blade (1) has a tempered layer having a hardness of 65 to 70 HRc, produced by a known surface-hardening method, preferably by carbonitriding (diffusion of carbon and/or nitrogen) on the surface at least in the region (2, 3) of the edge (6).
- A method of producing a steel blade for use in agriculture and forestry, characterised in thatthe blade is made from steel micro-alloyed with boron and containing 0.035 to 0.50% carbon and 0.0015 to 0.008% boron,is given a hardness of 54 to 56 HRc by heating and quenching, andis given a surface hardness of 65 to 70 HRc by a known surface-hardening process, preferably by carbonitriding, at least in the region (2, 3) of the edge (6), wherein a number of blades are preferably laid in known manner in a stack so that the surfaces (4, 5) of the blades cover one another apart from the regions (2, 3) of the edges (6).
- A method according to claim 5, characterised in that the blade (1) is made of steel containing 0.3 to 0.5% chromium.
- A method according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the blade (1) is made of steel containing titanium, preferably in a proportion of 0.041%.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT42997A AT404363B (en) | 1997-03-12 | 1997-03-12 | BLADE FOR AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY PURPOSES OF STEEL, AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION |
| AT429/97 | 1997-03-12 | ||
| AT42997 | 1997-03-12 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0864659A1 EP0864659A1 (en) | 1998-09-16 |
| EP0864659B1 true EP0864659B1 (en) | 2002-05-15 |
Family
ID=3490384
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19980102174 Expired - Lifetime EP0864659B1 (en) | 1997-03-12 | 1998-02-09 | Steel blade for agriculture and forestry and a process for making this blade |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0864659B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT404363B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59804112D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113857778B (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2023-12-12 | 江苏富捷刀业有限公司 | Automatic pipeline type processing technology of reclamation cutter |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE584864C (en) * | 1930-05-24 | 1933-09-25 | Thomas Harry Frost | Fine-edged thin blade and process for its manufacture |
| CH467866A (en) * | 1963-03-06 | 1969-01-31 | Suedwestfalen Ag Stahlwerke | Heat treatable and hardenable steel and process for its production |
| DE1583982A1 (en) * | 1968-01-30 | 1971-07-15 | Friedrich Carl Huette Gmbh Sta | Use of fittings made of boron-alloyed tool steels as tools exposed to high wear and the like. |
| US3901740A (en) * | 1972-05-12 | 1975-08-26 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Nitrided boron steel |
| DE3437516C1 (en) * | 1984-10-12 | 1986-03-27 | Vereinigte Deutsche Nickel-Werke AG, vormals Westfälisches Nickelwalzwerk Fleitmann, Witte & Co., 5840 Schwerte | Steel helmet and process for its manufacture |
| KR940002139B1 (en) * | 1991-11-30 | 1994-03-18 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Carburized boron steels for gears |
| DE4204000C2 (en) * | 1992-02-12 | 1993-11-18 | Esm Ennepetaler Schneid U Maeh | Steel blade for agricultural and forestry purposes and process for their manufacture |
-
1997
- 1997-03-12 AT AT42997A patent/AT404363B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-02-09 DE DE59804112T patent/DE59804112D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-02-09 EP EP19980102174 patent/EP0864659B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT404363B (en) | 1998-11-25 |
| EP0864659A1 (en) | 1998-09-16 |
| ATA42997A (en) | 1998-03-15 |
| DE59804112D1 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
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