EP0864404B1 - Method and apparatus for the perforation of flat material blanks - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for the perforation of flat material blanks Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0864404B1 EP0864404B1 EP19980103778 EP98103778A EP0864404B1 EP 0864404 B1 EP0864404 B1 EP 0864404B1 EP 19980103778 EP19980103778 EP 19980103778 EP 98103778 A EP98103778 A EP 98103778A EP 0864404 B1 EP0864404 B1 EP 0864404B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- holding
- belt
- roller
- cut sections
- perforating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
- B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
- B26F1/24—Perforating by needles or pins
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/04—Processes
- Y10T83/0481—Puncturing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/647—With means to convey work relative to tool station
- Y10T83/6584—Cut made parallel to direction of and during work movement
- Y10T83/6604—Tool in contact with surface of work-conveying means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/647—With means to convey work relative to tool station
- Y10T83/6584—Cut made parallel to direction of and during work movement
- Y10T83/6633—By work moving flexible chain or conveyor
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for perforating individual blanks a flat material from the group leather, synthetic leather, foams, Paper, filter paper, cardboard and foils according to the preamble of the claim 1 and a device therefor according to the preamble of the claim 6th
- Perforation processes are used to make flat material either air and vapor permeable, i.e. breathable, make, or e.g. Filter papers a to give certain filter characteristics.
- the main areas of application are Cover materials for vehicle seats, parts for shoes, gloves, clothing and filter papers.
- the average Needle and perforation density per unit area is therefore low and not sufficient for many cases.
- the known device of irregularly sized blanks neither intended nor suitable because it cannot be prevented can that the needles edge portions of the blanks between the steel strips pull out upwards, causing the device to lock can.
- the CH 550 057 A has made it known that plastically deformable sheets, especially those from unvulcanized raw tread strips for retreading of vehicle tires made of a rubber compound, temporarily perforate for the purpose that inclusions of air and Water vapor can escape when applied, causing the perforations when vulcanizing by completely flowing the material be closed again.
- Such raw tread strips are proportional thick, because they also have to be profiled, which a depth of several millimeters, e.g. 8 to 10 mm, must have, since the Legislators have a minimum profile depth of 1 to 2 mm at the end of the term prescribes without the carcass of textile threads Tire becomes visible.
- two parallel, mechanical synchronized, revolving pairs of coarse-link endless chains (Roller chains) used by elbows and with holes provided steel plates are connected and the tracks on both sides accompany.
- the spaced steel plates are screwed in on one side of the tracks Provide needles and on the opposite side with equally spaced steel plates with conical through holes for the needles. Because the needles circulate on curved paths perform a pivoting movement, it is required that either the Roller chains with the needles on linear tracks or those with very large radii of curvature are performed, or that the roller chains with the needles in the perforation area on linear paths and the ones to be perforated Strips of material run on a slightly curved path become. For the use of needle rollers densely equipped with needles no information is given, the known device also enables no close-knit perforation of sheets of great width, only of endless strips of narrow width.
- DE 22 04 855 A deals with the perforation of thermoplastic Endless films, in particular for the production of "car headlights" from composite materials with textile fibers, by locally melting the film in the hole area by means of heated needles and reveals in addition to discontinuous Process also a continuous process with a heated one Needle roller and a hollow perforated roller surrounding this eccentrically a much larger diameter that has a wiper function. Between this perforated roller and a stationary flat contact surface the slide slidably so that the needles are not in this platen can penetrate and reliable perforation is not guaranteed. With cold, i.e. Such a procedure cannot be carried out on unheated needles become.
- the well-known is also for finite material such as blanks Device not suitable because a conveyor belt for the film material is not is present and this film material itself takes on the transport function got to.
- the area distribution of the holes must be that be adapted to the area distribution of the needles and there must be a mechanical Synchronization can be brought about, causing the device must be constructed accordingly expensive.
- Even as mandatory heating of the needles to a temperature above the Melting point of the plastic and that described as advantageous Preheat the film to a temperature below the melting point of the plastic requires extensive construction and requirements Operation of such a device.
- As a universal machine for the optional Perforating irregular products made of plastics, leather and leather substitutes for producing breathability is the well-known and very elaborately designed machine neither intended nor suitable.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of a simple perforation method and to provide a simple device with which too finite and irregular or irregular sections of the perforating material with even distribution of the perforation holes and high hole density per unit area can be perforated without that the perforation process is blocked.
- Such a method and such a device can with particular Advantage to be applied to leather and cuts from it, because of this For natural reasons, material only comes in finite sizes.
- the process is carried out with a continuous flow of the blanks.
- the hold-down belt is synchronized with the needle roller (s) alone the blanks through the nip of the at least one needle roller guided.
- Such a hold-down strap - of limited length - can be of one Supply roll pulled off, tensioned through the nip between the at least one needle roller and that on the conveyor transported blanks and then for renewed and especially multiple uses again on a take-up roll be wound up.
- the hold-down strap as a consumable use and glue it to the blanks, for example to make thin leather more resistant and then the composite is broken down into individual blanks.
- the hold-down belt is an endless belt is executed and several times with the transport speed of the Blanks through the effective range of the at least one needle roller, i.e. is passed through the nip.
- Textile tapes in particular, can be used as material for such hold-down tapes
- Fabric tapes that are used have a sufficient lifespan compared to the perforation needles.
- Such a device is also suitable as a universal device for the Perforating continuous material with high and even hole density, conversely, prior art devices are not for the perforation of irregular or irregular cuts suitable. It is with the subject of the invention by a corresponding Number of perforation needles without further hole densities with a single one Needle roller to reach up to 50 holes per square centimeter.
- the action of the hold-down strap is particularly advantageous if one guide roller in front of the first and one behind the last needle roller is arranged through which the hold-down tape on the blanks is held. By this means, the wrap angle of Needle rollers are kept as small as possible and the hold-down belt is protected.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 Two embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are as follows explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2:
- a machine frame 1 is shown on which a conveyor 2 is located, which is designed as an endless conveyor belt 3. This is guided over two deflection rollers 4 and 5 and three support rollers 6 and consists of a tensile material, of which at least the outer Surface is soft and made of foam, a fleece or made of felt.
- the pedestals, drives and clamping devices are not shown for the sake of simplicity.
- needle roller 7 there is a needle roller 7 above the support rollers 6, each parallel to the axis
- the number of needle rollers is variable and depends on the required Degree of perforation density behind the three needle rollers shown the last needle roller 7, for example, 150 holes per square centimeter can be.
- the support rollers 6 and the needle rollers 7 each form one between them Roll nip 8, through - seen in order from the bottom up -
- the conveyor belt 3, the blanks 9 and a hold-down in the form a finite hold-down band 10 are passed through.
- This Hold-down belt 10 comes from a supply roll 11 and is on a Take-up roll 12 rewound, both in a support frame 13 are stored.
- the drive and braking (neither shown) will Hold-down belt 10 held around the deflection rollers 14 under tension.
- the hold-down belt 10 is by guide rollers 15 and 16 downwards and horizontally stretched on the blanks 9 held, with the perforation needles also the hold-down tape penetrate.
- the blanks 9 are at the left end of the conveyor 2 placed and fall in a perforated state in a receptacle 17th
- FIG. 2 in which the same reference numerals are used, differs differs from FIG. 1 in that an endless hold-down belt 10a is used is by the horizontal displacement of the right deflection roller 14th is held tensioned by a tensioning device 18, which by a Double arrow is indicated.
- the thickness ratios and the needle lengths are exaggerated.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Perforieren von einzelnen Zuschnitten eines Flachmaterials aus der Gruppe Leder, Kunstleder, Schaumstoffe, Papier, Filterpapier, Karton und Folien nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 und eine Vorrichtung hierfür nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 6.The invention relates to a method for perforating individual blanks a flat material from the group leather, synthetic leather, foams, Paper, filter paper, cardboard and foils according to the preamble of the claim 1 and a device therefor according to the preamble of the claim 6th
Perforationsverfahren dienen dazu, Flachmaterial entweder luft- und dampfdurchlässig, d.h. atmungsaktiv, zu machen, oder z.B. Filterpapieren eine bestimmte Filtercharakteristik zu verleihen. Hauptanwendungsgebiete sind Bezugsmaterialien für Fahrzeugsitze, Teile für Schuhe, Handschuhe, Bekleidungsstücke und Filterpapiere.Perforation processes are used to make flat material either air and vapor permeable, i.e. breathable, make, or e.g. Filter papers a to give certain filter characteristics. The main areas of application are Cover materials for vehicle seats, parts for shoes, gloves, clothing and filter papers.
Bei einem bekannten Verfahren ohne Niederhalter wird das Flachmaterial als endloses Band in gespanntem Zustand durch einen Walzenspalt zwischen Nadelwalzen und Stützwalzen hindurchgeführt. Bei der Rotation der Nadelwalzen dringen die Perforationsnadeln in das gespannte FlachMaterial ein, und das Flachmaterial wird durch den Weitertransport, d.h. durch die Zugspannung des Bandes aus Flachmaterial wieder von den Perforationsnadeln abgezogen. Dieses Verfahren versagt jedoch bei Material, das nicht als Endlosband zur Verfügung steht: Abschnitte dieses Materals würden sich auf den Nadelwalzen aufwickeln und das Verfahren zum Erliegen bringen.In a known method without hold-down the flat material as an endless belt in a tensioned state through a nip passed between needle rollers and backup rollers. When rotating of the needle rollers penetrate the perforation needles into the tensioned flat material a, and the flat material is by further transport, i.e. due to the tension of the flat material tape again from the perforation needles deducted. However, this procedure fails for material that is not available as an endless belt: sections of this material would wind up on the needle rollers and the process would stop bring.
Durch die US-A-4 653 366 ist es bekannt, einzelne, regelmäßige, z.B. mit Rechteckumfang geformte Zuschnitte durch eine Nadelwalze zu perforieren und dabei die Zuschnitte zunächst durch eine Führungswalze mit zwei festen Flanschen genau positioniert auf ein endloses Förderband zu fördern. Um dabei ein Aufwickeln der Zuschnitte auf der Nadelwalze zu verhindern, sind zwischen der Nadelwalze und den auf dem Förderband liegenden Zuschnitten parallele und an beiden Ende befestigte, endliche Stahlbänder angeordnet, die mit der Nadelwalze durch Druckmittelantriebe heb- und senkbar sind und von den Nadeln nicht durchdrungen werden können. Dies hat den Nachteil, daß die Nadelreihen an den vielen Stellen der Stahlbänder unterbrochen sein müssen, so daß sich perforierte Streifen mit nicht perforierten Streifen in den Zuschnitten abwechseln. Die durchschnittliche Nadel- und Perforationsdichte pro Flächeneinheit ist also gering und für viele Fälle nicht ausreichend. Für eine gleichmäßig verteilte Perforation von Zuschnitten mit unregelmäßigem Umfang ist die bekannte Vorrichtung weder vorgesehen noch geeignet, weil nicht verhindert werden kann, daß die Nadeln Randteile der Zuschnitte zwischen den Stahlbändern nach oben herausziehen, was zu einem Blockieren der Vorrichtung führen kann.From US-A-4 653 366 it is known to separate single, e.g. With Rectangle shaped blanks to perforate with a needle roller and the cuts first by a guide roller with two to convey fixed flanges precisely positioned on an endless conveyor belt. To prevent the blanks from being wound up on the needle roller, are between the needle roller and the one on the conveyor belt lying blanks parallel and finite attached at both ends Steel belts arranged with the needle roller by pressure medium drives can be raised and lowered and are not penetrated by the needles can. This has the disadvantage that the rows of needles in many places the steel strips must be interrupted so that there are perforated strips alternate with non-perforated strips in the blanks. The average Needle and perforation density per unit area is therefore low and not sufficient for many cases. For an evenly distributed perforation the known device of irregularly sized blanks neither intended nor suitable because it cannot be prevented can that the needles edge portions of the blanks between the steel strips pull out upwards, causing the device to lock can.
Durch die DE 42 01 411 A1 ist es bekannt, Papierbögen o.dgl. mittels zweier endloser Förderketten, zwischen denen Greiferwagen angeordnet sind, einzeln durch eine Stanzstation zu führen und anschließend mittels eines endlosen Niederhalterbandes zu Glättungszwecken vor der Ablage über einen mit Unterdruck beaufschlagten Saugkasten zu führen. Dabei liegt jedoch das Niederhalterband zwischen den Papierbögen und der Deckwand des Saugkastens, um ein Hineinziehen der Bögen in den Saugkasten zu verhindern. Das Niederhalterband müßte infolgedessen eigentlich "Hochhalteband" heißen. Eine Nadelwalze ist nicht vorhanden, ebensowenig ein Endlosband, das durch die Stanzstation hindurchgeführt wird. Anregungen zur weiteren Ausgestaltung einer Perforationsmaschine werden nicht gegeben.From DE 42 01 411 A1 it is known, paper sheets or the like. by means of two endless conveyor chains, between which gripper carts are arranged are to be passed individually through a punching station and then by means of an endless hold-down belt for smoothing purposes before filing to lead over a suction box pressurized with vacuum. there however, the hold-down band lies between the sheets of paper and the Top wall of the suction box to pull the sheets into the suction box to prevent. As a result, the hold-down strap should actually be "Holding strap" is called. A needle roller is not available, just as little an endless belt that is passed through the punching station. suggestions not for the further design of a perforation machine given.
Durch die FR 1 009 796 A ist es bekannt, daß Leder für Luft durchlässig und für Wasser zumindest teilweise undurchlässig ist. Die Schrift befaßt sich mit dem Problem, diese Eigenschaften auch bei Lederersatzstoffen und bei Gummi zu erzeugen. Dies geschieht durch eine Gruppierung feinster Nadeln, die bei einem diskontinuierlichen Verfahren an Zuschnitten entweder in einer Stanzplatte oder bei einem kontinuierlichen Verfahren an Endlosfolien in einer Nadelwalze angeordnet sind. Ein Niederhalterband ist in keinem der Fälle vorgesehen. Vielmehr sind in beiden Fällen unterhalb der Nadeln ein Gitter und eine Vakuum-Saugvorrichtung angeordnet, durch die das Folienmaterial von den Nadeln abgezogen wird. Das Verfahren versagt jedoch für Leder und/oder einzelne Folienabschnitte, die mit Abständen kontinuierlich zu- und abgeführt werden, weil das Vakuum beim Überlaufen der Zwischenräume zwischen den Folienabschnitten über die Vakuum-Saugvorrichtung zusammenbricht: Die Ränder würden sich hochstellen, und die Folienabschnitte würden auf die Nadelwalzen aufgewickelt, wodurch das kontinuierliche Verfahren zum Stillstand käme.From FR 1 009 796 A it is known that leather is permeable to air and is at least partially impermeable to water. The Scriptures are concerned deal with the problem of these properties even with leather substitutes and to produce with rubber. This is done through a grouping finest needles that are cut using a discontinuous process either in a punching plate or in a continuous process Endless films are arranged in a needle roller. A hold-down strap is not provided in any of the cases. Rather are below in both cases the needles are arranged through a grid and a vacuum suction device the foil material is pulled off the needles. The procedure however fails for leather and / or individual sections of film with Distances are continuously fed in and out because the vacuum at Overflow of the spaces between the film sections over the Vacuum suction device breaks down: the edges would rise up, and the film sections would be wound on the needle rollers, whereby the continuous process would come to a standstill.
Der gesamte übrige Stand der Technik liegt vom Erfindungsgegenstand weiter ab. Keine der Druckschriften offenbart ein Niederhalterband, das die einzelnen Werkstücke aus Flachmaterial ganzflächig gegen hochkrempeln und Aufwickeln auf die Nadelwalze hält und aus einem Material besteht, das von den Nadeln durchdrungen werden kann. Dies ist zu unterscheiden von umlaufenden Niederhaltern aus Stahl mit vorgefertigten Perforationen, die erhebliche Synchronisationsprobleme aufwerfen und bei hoher Nadeldichte pro Flächeneinheit nicht verwendet werden können.The entire remaining state of the art lies in the subject matter of the invention further down. None of the documents discloses a hold-down tape that the individual workpieces made of flat material all over against rolling up and winding on the needle roller and made of a material that can be penetrated by the needles. This is to be distinguished from all-round steel hold-downs with prefabricated perforations considerable synchronization problems and high needle density cannot be used per unit area.
Durch die CH 550 057 A ist es bekannt, plastisch verformbare Bahnen, insbesondere solche aus unvulkanisierten Rohlaufstreifen für die Runderneuerung von Fahrzeugreifen aus einer Kautschukmischung, vorübergehend zu dem Zwecke zu perforieren, daß Einschlüsse aus Luft und Wasserdampf beim Aufbringen entweichen können, worauf die Perforationen beim Vulkanisieren durch vollständiges Verfließen des Materials wieder verschlossen werden. Derartige Rohlaufstreifen sind verhältnismäßig dick, da sie auch noch mit einer Profilierung versehen werden müssen, die eine Tiefe von mehreren Millimetern, z.B. 8 bis 10 mm, haben muß, da der Gesetzgeber am Ende der Laufzeit eine Mindestprofiltiefe von 1 bis 2 mm vorschreibt, ohne daß die aus Textilfäden bestehende Karkasse des Reifens sichtbar wird. Zu diesem Zweck werden zwei parallele, mechanisch synchronisierte, umlaufende Paare von grobgliedrigen Endlosketten (Rollenketten) verwendet, die durch Winkelstücke und mit Bohrungen versehene Stahlplatten verbunden sind und die Bahnen auf beiden Seiten begleiten.The CH 550 057 A has made it known that plastically deformable sheets, especially those from unvulcanized raw tread strips for retreading of vehicle tires made of a rubber compound, temporarily perforate for the purpose that inclusions of air and Water vapor can escape when applied, causing the perforations when vulcanizing by completely flowing the material be closed again. Such raw tread strips are proportional thick, because they also have to be profiled, which a depth of several millimeters, e.g. 8 to 10 mm, must have, since the Legislators have a minimum profile depth of 1 to 2 mm at the end of the term prescribes without the carcass of textile threads Tire becomes visible. For this purpose, two parallel, mechanical synchronized, revolving pairs of coarse-link endless chains (Roller chains) used by elbows and with holes provided steel plates are connected and the tracks on both sides accompany.
Auf einer Seite der Bahnen sind die beabstandeten Stahlplatten mit eingeschraubten Nadeln versehen und auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite mit gleichfalls beabstandeten Stahlplatten mit konischen Durchtrittsbohrungen für die Nadeln. Da die Nadeln bei ihrem Umlauf auf gekrümmten Bahnen eine Schwenkbewegung ausführen, wird gefordert, daß entweder die Rollenketten mit den Nadeln auf linearen Bahnen oder solchen mit sehr großen Krümmungsradien geführt werden, oder daß die Rollenketten mit den Nadeln im Perforationsbereich auf linearen Bahnen und die zu perforierenden Materialstreifen auf einer schwach gekrümmten Bahn geführt werden. Für die Anwendung von mit Nadeln dicht bestückten Nadelwalzen werden keine Angaben gemacht, auch ermöglicht die bekannte Vorrichtung keine engmaschige Perforation von Bahnen großer Breite, sondern nur von endlosen Streifen geringer Breite. Für eine extrem feine Perforation von unregelmäßigen Produkten aus Kunststoffen, Leder und Lederersatzstoffen zur Erzeugung einer Atmungsaktivität ist die bekannte und sehr aufwendig konstruierte Maschine weder vorgesehen noch geeignet. So ist die Anordnung der Perforationsnadeln sehr grob, allein bedingt durch deren Verschraubung in den Stahlplatten bzw. Verbindungselementen und die Verwendung von Kontermuttern an den Enden der Perforationsnadeln. Es sind z.B. nur vier Perforationsnadeln in je einer Reihe für die gesamte Reifenbreite vorgesehen. The spaced steel plates are screwed in on one side of the tracks Provide needles and on the opposite side with equally spaced steel plates with conical through holes for the needles. Because the needles circulate on curved paths perform a pivoting movement, it is required that either the Roller chains with the needles on linear tracks or those with very large radii of curvature are performed, or that the roller chains with the needles in the perforation area on linear paths and the ones to be perforated Strips of material run on a slightly curved path become. For the use of needle rollers densely equipped with needles no information is given, the known device also enables no close-knit perforation of sheets of great width, only of endless strips of narrow width. For an extremely fine perforation of irregular products made of plastics, leather and leather substitutes to produce breathability is the known and very expensive constructed machine neither intended nor suitable. That is the arrangement of the perforation needles very rough, solely due to their screwing in the steel plates or fasteners and use of lock nuts at the ends of the perforation needles. There are e.g. only four perforation needles in each row for the entire tire width intended.
Die DE 22 04 855 A befaßt sich mit dem Perforieren von thermoplastischen Endlosfolien, insbesondere zum Herstellen von "Autohimmeln" aus Verbundwerkstoffen mit Textilfasern, durch örtliches Ausschmelzen der Folie im Lochbereich mittels beheizter Nadeln und offenbart außer diskontinuierlichen Verfahren auch ein kontinierliches Verfahren mit einer beheizten Nadelwalze und einer diese exzentrisch umgebenden hohlen Lochwalze mit einem wesentlich größeren Durchmesser, die eine Abstreiferfunktion hat. Zwischen dieser Lochwalze und einer stationären planen Auflagefläche wird die Folie gleitend geführt, so daß die Nadeln nicht in diese Auflageplatte eindringen können und eine zuverlässige Perforation nicht gewährleistet ist. Mit kalten, d.h. unbeheizten, Nadeln kann ein solches Verfahren nicht durchgeführt werden. Auch für endliches Material wie Zuschnitte ist die bekannte Vorrichtung nicht geeignet, da ein Förderband für das Folienmaterial nicht vorhanden ist und dieses Folienmaterial selbst die Transportfunktion übernehmen muß. Dabei muß die Flächenverteilung der Bohrungen derjenigen der Flächenverteilung der Nadeln angepaßt sein und es muß eine mechanische Synchronisation herbeigeführt werden, wodurch die Vorrichtung entsprechend aufwendig konstruiert sein muß. Auch die als zwingend beschriebene Beheizung der Nadeln auf eine Temperatur oberhalb des Schmelzpunktes des Kunststoffes und die als vorteilhaft beschriebene Vorheizung der Folie auf eine Temperatur unterhalb des Schmelzpunktes des Kunststoffes erfordert umfangreiche Anforderungen an den Bau und Betrieb einer solchen Vorrichtung. Als Universalmaschine für das wahlweise Perforieren von unregelmäßigen Produkten aus Kunststoffen, Leder und Lederersatzstoffen zur Erzeugung einer Atmungsaktivität ist die bekannte und sehr aufwendig konstruierte Maschine weder vorgesehen noch geeignet.DE 22 04 855 A deals with the perforation of thermoplastic Endless films, in particular for the production of "car headlights" from composite materials with textile fibers, by locally melting the film in the hole area by means of heated needles and reveals in addition to discontinuous Process also a continuous process with a heated one Needle roller and a hollow perforated roller surrounding this eccentrically a much larger diameter that has a wiper function. Between this perforated roller and a stationary flat contact surface the slide slidably so that the needles are not in this platen can penetrate and reliable perforation is not guaranteed. With cold, i.e. Such a procedure cannot be carried out on unheated needles become. The well-known is also for finite material such as blanks Device not suitable because a conveyor belt for the film material is not is present and this film material itself takes on the transport function got to. The area distribution of the holes must be that be adapted to the area distribution of the needles and there must be a mechanical Synchronization can be brought about, causing the device must be constructed accordingly expensive. Even as mandatory heating of the needles to a temperature above the Melting point of the plastic and that described as advantageous Preheat the film to a temperature below the melting point of the plastic requires extensive construction and requirements Operation of such a device. As a universal machine for the optional Perforating irregular products made of plastics, leather and Leather substitutes for producing breathability is the well-known and very elaborately designed machine neither intended nor suitable.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein einfaches Perforationsverfahren und eine einfache Vorrichtung anzugeben, mit denen auch endliche und unregelmäßige bzw. ungleichförmige Abschnitte des zu perforienden Materials mit gleichmäßiger Verteilung der Perforationslöcher und hoher Lochdichte pro Flächeneinheit perforiert werden können, ohne daß eine Blockierung des Perforationsvorganges erfolgt. The invention is therefore based on the object of a simple perforation method and to provide a simple device with which too finite and irregular or irregular sections of the perforating material with even distribution of the perforation holes and high hole density per unit area can be perforated without that the perforation process is blocked.
Die Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe erfolgt bei dem Verfahren nach dem
Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale
im Kennzeichen dieses Anspruchs und bei der Vorrichtung nach dem
Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 6 erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale
im Kennzeichen dieses Anspruchs.The task is solved in the process according to
Preamble of claim 1 according to the invention by the features
in the characterizing part of this claim and in the device according to the
Preamble of
Ein solches Verfahren und eine solche Vorrichtung können mit besonderem Vorteil bei Leder und Zuschnitten daraus angewandt werden, denn dieses Material kommt aus natürlichen Gründen nur in endlichen Größen vor. Das Verfahren wird mit kontinuierlichem Durchlauf der Zuschnitte durchgeführt. Allein mittels der Nadelwalze(n) wird das Niederhalterband synchron mit den Zuschnitten durch den Walzenspalt der mindestens einen Nadelwalze geführt.Such a method and such a device can with particular Advantage to be applied to leather and cuts from it, because of this For natural reasons, material only comes in finite sizes. The The process is carried out with a continuous flow of the blanks. The hold-down belt is synchronized with the needle roller (s) alone the blanks through the nip of the at least one needle roller guided.
Ein solches Niederhalterband - von begrenzter Länge - kann von einer Vorratsrolle abgezogen, in gespanntem Zustand durch den Walzenspalt zwischen der mindestens einen Nadelwalze und den auf der Fördereinrichtung transportierten Zuschnitten geführt und danach zur erneuten und insbesondere vielfachen Verwendung wieder auf einer Aufnahmerolle aufgewickelt werden.Such a hold-down strap - of limited length - can be of one Supply roll pulled off, tensioned through the nip between the at least one needle roller and that on the conveyor transported blanks and then for renewed and especially multiple uses again on a take-up roll be wound up.
Alternativ ist es möglich, das Niederhalterband als Verbrauchsmaterial zu verwenden und es beispielsweise mit den Zuschnitten zu verkleben, um dünnes Leder widerstandsfähiger zu machen worauf dann der Verbund wieder in einzelne Zuschnitte zerlegt wird.Alternatively, it is possible to use the hold-down strap as a consumable use and glue it to the blanks, for example to make thin leather more resistant and then the composite is broken down into individual blanks.
Es ist jedoch besonders vorteilhaft, wenn das Niederhalterband als Endlosband ausgeführt ist und mehrfach mit der Transportgeschwindigkeit der Zuschnitte durch den Wirkungsbereich der mindestens einen Nadelwalze, d.h. durch den Walzenspalt geführt wird.However, it is particularly advantageous if the hold-down belt is an endless belt is executed and several times with the transport speed of the Blanks through the effective range of the at least one needle roller, i.e. is passed through the nip.
Als Material für solche Niederhalterbänder können Textilbänder, insbesondere Gewebebänder, verwendet werden, die eine ausreichende Standzeit gegenüber den Perforationsnadeln aufweisen. Textile tapes, in particular, can be used as material for such hold-down tapes Fabric tapes that are used have a sufficient lifespan compared to the perforation needles.
Eine solche Vorrichtung eignet sich als Universalvorrichtung auch für das Perforieren von Endlosmaterial mit hoher und gleichmäßiger Lochdichte, während sich umgekehrt Vorrichtungen nach dem Stande der Technik nicht für die Perforation von unregelmäßigen bzw. ungleichförmigen Zuschnitten eignen. Es sind mit dem Erfindungsgegenstand durch eine entsprechende Anzahl von Perforationsnadeln ohne weiters Lochdichten mit einer einzigen Nadelwalze bis zu 50 Löchern pro Quadratzentimeter zu erreichen.Such a device is also suitable as a universal device for the Perforating continuous material with high and even hole density, conversely, prior art devices are not for the perforation of irregular or irregular cuts suitable. It is with the subject of the invention by a corresponding Number of perforation needles without further hole densities with a single one Needle roller to reach up to 50 holes per square centimeter.
Die Wirkung des Niederhalterbandes ist dann besonders vorteilhaft, wenn vor der ersten und hinter der letzten Nadelwalze je eine Führungswalze angeordnet ist, durch die das Niederhalterband auf den Zuschnitten gehalten wird. Durch dieses Mittel wird der Umschlingungswinkel der Nadelwalzen kleinstmöglich gehalten und das Niederhalterband geschont.The action of the hold-down strap is particularly advantageous if one guide roller in front of the first and one behind the last needle roller is arranged through which the hold-down tape on the blanks is held. By this means, the wrap angle of Needle rollers are kept as small as possible and the hold-down belt is protected.
Zwei Ausführungsbeispiele des Erfindungsgegenstandes werden nachfolgend anhand der Figuren 1 und 2 näher erläutert:Two embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are as follows explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2:
Es zeigen, jeweils in einer Seitenansicht:
- Figur 1
- eine Vorrichtung mit einem endlichen Niederhalterband und
Figur 2- eine Vorrichtung analog Figur 1, jedoch mit einem endlosen Niederhalterband.
- Figure 1
- a device with a finite hold-down strap and
- Figure 2
- a device similar to Figure 1, but with an endless hold-down belt.
In Figur 1 ist ein Maschinengestell 1 dargestellt, auf dem sich eine Fördereinrichtung
2 befindet, die als endloses Förderband 3 ausgebildet ist.
Dieses wird über zwei Umlenkwalzen 4 und 5 und drei Stützwalzen 6 geführt
und besteht aus einem zugfesten Material, von dem zumindest die äußere
Oberfläche weich ausgebildet ist und beispielhaft aus einem Schaumstoff,
einem Vlies oder aus Filz besteht. Die Lagerböcke, Antriebe und Spannvorrichtungen
sind der Einfachheit halber nicht dargestellt.In Figure 1, a machine frame 1 is shown on which a
über den Stützwalzen 6 befindet sich achsparallel je eine Nadelwalze 7. Die
Zahl der Nadelwalzen ist variabel und richtet sich nach dem geforderten
Grad der Perforationsdichte, die bei den gezeigten drei Nadelwalzen hinter
der letzten Nadelwalze 7 beispielsweise 150 Löcher pro Quadratzentimeter
betragen kann.There is a
Die Stützwalzen 6 und die Nadelwalzen 7 bilden zwischen sich je einen
Walzenspalt 8, durch den - in der Reihenfolge von unten nach oben gesehen
- das Förderband 3, die Zuschnitte 9 und ein Niederhalter in Form
eines endlichen Niederhalterbandes 10 hindurchgeführt werden. Dieses
Niederhalterband 10 kommt von einer Vorratsrolle 11 und wird auf einer
Aufnahmerolle 12 wieder aufgewickelt, die beide in einem Tragrahmen 13
gelagert sind. Durch Antrieb und Bremsung (beides nicht gezeigt) wird das
Niederhalterband 10 um die Umlenkwalzen 14 unter Zugspannung gehalten.The
Vor der ersten und hinter der letzten Nadelwalze 7, vorteilhaft auch und
hinter jeder Nadelwalze 7, wird das Niederhalterband 10 durch Führungswalzen
15 und 16 abwärts und waagrecht gespannt auf den Zuschnitten 9
gehalten, wobei naturgemäß die Perforationsnadeln auch das Niederhalterband
durchdringen. Die Zuschnitte 9 werden am linken Ende der Fördereinrichtung
2 aufgelegt und fallen in perforiertem Zustand in einen Aufnahmebehälter
17.Before the first and after the
Die Figur 2, in der gleiche Bezugszeichen verwendet werden, unterscheidet
sich dadurch von Figur 1, daß ein endloses Niederhalterband 10a verwendet
wird, das durch Horizontalverschiebung der rechten Umlenkwalze 14
durch eine Spannvorrichtung 18 gespannt gehalten wird, die durch einen
Doppelpfeil angedeutet ist. Die Dickenverhältnisse und die Nadellängen
sind übertrieben dargestellt.Figure 2, in which the same reference numerals are used, differs
differs from FIG. 1 in that an endless hold-down belt 10a is used
is by the horizontal displacement of the right deflection roller 14th
is held tensioned by a
- 11
- Maschinengestellmachine frame
- 22
- FördereinrichtungConveyor
- 33
- Förderbandconveyor belt
- 44
- Umlenkwalzedeflecting
- 55
- Umlenkwalzedeflecting
- 66
- Stützwalzen backup rolls
- 77
- Nadelwalzenneedle rollers
- 88th
- Walzenspaltenips
- 99
- Zuschnitteblanks
- 1010
- endliches Niederhalterbandfinite hold-down strap
- 10a10a
- endloses Niederhalterbandendless hold-down strap
- 1111
- Vorratsrollesupply roll
- 1212
- Aufnahmerolleup roll
- 1313
- Tragrahmensupporting frame
- 1414
- Umlenkwalzendeflection rollers
- 1515
- Führungswalzeguide roller
- 1616
- Führungswalzeguide roller
- 1717
- Aufnahmebehälterreceptacle
- 1818
- Spannvorrichtungjig
Claims (10)
- Method for perforating separate cut sections (9) of flat material from the group including leather, artificial leather, foams, paper, filter paper, card and foil, with a high punched-hole density per surface unit, by means of at least one rotating spiked roller (7) with perforating pins, the cut sections (9) being passed through a continuous conveyor system (2) into the operating area of the at least one spiked roller, and being pulled away from the perforating pins by at least one holding-down device, characterised in that the cut sections (9) are held on the conveyor system (2) by means of a holding-down belt (10, 10a) which is moved synchronously with the conveyor system (2), and that the holding-down belt is made of a material which allows the perforating pins to pass through it.
- Method as in Claim 1, characterised in that a textile belt is used as the holding-down belt (10, 10a).
- Method as in Claim 2, characterised in that a woven fabric belt is used as the holding-down belt (10, 10a).
- Method as in Claim 1, characterised in that the holding-down belt (10, 10a) is passed through the operating area of the at least one spiked roller (7).
- Method as in Claim 1, characterised in that the holding-down belt (10a) is in the form of a continuous belt, and is passed repeatedly through the operating area of the at least one spiked roller (7) at the same speed as that at which the cut sections (9) are conveyed.
- Apparatus for perforating separate cut sections (9) of flat material from the group including leather, artificial leather, foams, paper, filter paper, card and foil, with a high punched-hole density per surface unit, having a conveyor system (2) for the flat material, at least one spiked roller (7) with perforating pins, and at least one holding-down device, which is positioned between the conveyor system (2) and the at least one spiked roller (7), and by means of which the separate cut sections (9) can be pulled away from the perforating pins, characterised in that the holding-down device is in the form of a holding-down belt (10, 10a), the material of which allows the perforating pins to pass through, and which can be passed, synchronously with the cut sections (9), through a roller gap (8) between the at least one spiked roller (7) and the conveyor system (2).
- Apparatus as in Claim 6, characterised in that the holding-down belt (10, 10a) is a textile belt.
- Apparatus as In Claim 7, characterised in that the holding-down belt (10, 10a) is a woven fabric belt.
- Apparatus as in Claim 6, characterised in that the holding-down belt (10a) is in the form of a continuous belt.
- Apparatus as in Claim 6, characterised in that a guide roller (15, 16) is positioned in each case in front of the first, and at least following the last, spiked roller (7), by means of which guide roller the holding-down belt (10, 10a) can be held down on to the cut sections (9).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1997110350 DE19710350C2 (en) | 1997-03-13 | 1997-03-13 | Method and device for perforating blanks from flat material |
| DE19710350 | 1997-03-13 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0864404A2 EP0864404A2 (en) | 1998-09-16 |
| EP0864404A3 EP0864404A3 (en) | 1999-05-06 |
| EP0864404B1 true EP0864404B1 (en) | 2003-12-17 |
Family
ID=7823218
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19980103778 Expired - Lifetime EP0864404B1 (en) | 1997-03-13 | 1998-03-04 | Method and apparatus for the perforation of flat material blanks |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6152001A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0864404B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH10309698A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE256538T1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9800889A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19710350C2 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA981917B (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6591722B1 (en) * | 2000-10-25 | 2003-07-15 | Donald Sauer | Book recycling apparatus |
| DE10142090A1 (en) * | 2001-08-30 | 2003-03-27 | Franz Josef Hoffacker | Laying method for cover material laid on top of cultivated soil to kill weeds, comprises anchoring cover into position by shifting raised regions of soil along cover edges |
| US6737029B2 (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2004-05-18 | Jimmie D. Miller | Method and apparatus for sterilizing mail |
| GB2400377A (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2004-10-13 | Pittards Plc | Moisture vapour permeable leather |
| US20090163115A1 (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-06-25 | Spirit Aerosystems, Inc. | Method of making acoustic holes using uv curing masking material |
| US7871027B2 (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2011-01-18 | Techko, Inc. | Auto feed shredder apparatus and methods |
| DE102011078789C5 (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2020-10-29 | Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH | Component for a vehicle with an airbag |
| US20140060273A1 (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2014-03-06 | Columbia Sportswear North America, Inc. | Method and apparatus for cutting of fabric |
| DE102013219831A1 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | Takata AG | perforator |
| CN103832806B (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-10-28 | 新昌县七星街道伟畅五金机械厂 | The plumbous mud spreading out device of roll-type |
| WO2015189238A1 (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-17 | Diopass Sprl | Film perforation device |
| CN105881645A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-08-24 | 胡承平 | Plastic bag air hole forming device |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2127960A (en) * | 1936-12-07 | 1938-08-23 | Milprint Products Corp | Method of and apparatus for perforating |
| FR1009796A (en) * | 1948-06-25 | 1952-06-03 | Method and apparatus for the manufacture of breathable and waterproof articles | |
| US3119295A (en) * | 1958-10-08 | 1964-01-28 | Cummins Chicago Corp | Perforators |
| US3214502A (en) * | 1960-08-08 | 1965-10-26 | Kendall & Co | Method and apparatus for making adhesive tapes |
| US3053291A (en) * | 1960-12-09 | 1962-09-11 | Glidden Co | Spice saw |
| BE632014A (en) * | 1962-05-10 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| DE1479389A1 (en) * | 1965-10-30 | 1969-05-14 | Kalle Ag | Welding process and device for the production of continuous longitudinal weld seams in biaxially stretched film |
| US3451358A (en) * | 1966-09-27 | 1969-06-24 | Oscar F Ruiz | Dough perforating machine |
| DE2204855A1 (en) * | 1972-02-02 | 1973-08-09 | Jacob Geb Lorbeer Hannelore | Plastic film perforating device - especially for fabric bonded thermoplastics,using heated punch needles |
| CH550057A (en) * | 1973-03-29 | 1974-06-14 | Semperit Ag | Perforation of moving, plastically deformable sheet material - using pointed perforating units mounted on endless belt, counter-support, stripping device, and transporting device |
| DE2514836C2 (en) * | 1975-04-04 | 1985-01-31 | Maschinenbau Oppenweiler Gmbh, 7155 Oppenweiler | Device for cutting through a stack of sheets with a circular knife |
| US4060017A (en) * | 1977-02-18 | 1977-11-29 | Honeywell Inc. | Method of cutting lithium |
| US4216690A (en) * | 1979-01-26 | 1980-08-12 | Bullock Robert F | Apparatus for perforating slices of food product |
| JPS5911440B2 (en) * | 1981-10-20 | 1984-03-15 | レンゴ−株式会社 | rotary die cutter |
| US4589316A (en) * | 1985-01-28 | 1986-05-20 | Clean-Tex A/S | Machine to produce mat with valves therein |
| IT1221667B (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1990-07-12 | Tecnoform Srl | MACHINE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF INSOLE AND / OR OTHER THERMOFORMED ITEMS |
| DE3935687A1 (en) * | 1989-10-26 | 1991-05-02 | Phoenix Ag | Pricking machine for vulcanised tubes - has endless belt contg. series of spring-loaded needles which are adjustably pressed out by device as belt passes over tube |
| DE4201411A1 (en) * | 1992-01-21 | 1993-07-22 | Blohm Voss Ag | Hold down for flat thin paper sheets on processing machines - has perforated endless belt set close in front of delivery station |
-
1997
- 1997-03-13 DE DE1997110350 patent/DE19710350C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-03-04 DE DE59810430T patent/DE59810430D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-04 AT AT98103778T patent/ATE256538T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-03-04 EP EP19980103778 patent/EP0864404B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-06 ZA ZA981917A patent/ZA981917B/en unknown
- 1998-03-09 US US09/037,325 patent/US6152001A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-03-10 JP JP5764498A patent/JPH10309698A/en active Pending
- 1998-03-13 BR BR9800889A patent/BR9800889A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR9800889A (en) | 1999-09-21 |
| ATE256538T1 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
| DE19710350A1 (en) | 1998-09-17 |
| US6152001A (en) | 2000-11-28 |
| EP0864404A3 (en) | 1999-05-06 |
| JPH10309698A (en) | 1998-11-24 |
| DE19710350C2 (en) | 1999-08-19 |
| ZA981917B (en) | 1998-09-08 |
| EP0864404A2 (en) | 1998-09-16 |
| DE59810430D1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
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