EP0860560B1 - Connector for butt joining two elements, specially in wooden structures - Google Patents

Abstract

The fitting has two retaining sections (8,10) which are countersunk into matching recesses (36,38). The sections are joined by a connecting section (12), which spans the gap (14) between the two supporting surfaces (16,18) on the elements. Both recesses are formed in surfaces (18,40) in one element (6), which are normal to one another, and one (18) of these surfaces is one of the supporting surfaces. One (8) of the retaining sections is used to fasten onto the supporting surface (16) of the other element (4), without using matching recesses. The other retaining section (10) is arranged frictionally or positively in the recess which is not in the supporting surface.

Description

The invention relates to a connecting fitting for two abutting components, especially in timber construction.

Connection fittings are used, for example, in timber construction used for this, horizontal on vertical items to post running bars. Of such connection fittings it is required that they be put into practice occurring and acting on the wooden structure Able to safely absorb and derive forces. To this In addition to the pure weight of the wooden structure, forces also belong or the one attached to the wooden structure other components of wind pressure and wind suction forces Vibrations caused by vibrations, forces due to tension caused by "working" wood etc.

Basically it is known, especially in timber construction two abutting components, for example beams, with each other to glue in a corresponding tenon joint. Furthermore, it is known to abut components especially in wood construction using wooden dowels with the help of glue to connect. Such spigot or Although dowel connections are particularly aesthetically pleasing, since there are no fittings visible to the outside must be, but they usually prohibit often by having an experienced specialist in need correct execution in the case of tenon joints are complex and therefore expensive and because of Gluing presses or the like, which need the Press the components to be joined together until the glue has set. Especially for larger wooden structures with correspondingly large components such presses - especially on site, that is at the Construction site - not available.

Therefore, two components have already been adopted with corresponding connection fittings connect to. An example of such a connection fitting is specified in DE-GM 84 20 792. Generally said such known connection fittings exist from angled to each other in several levels Sheet metal elements with a large number of through holes, through which nails, bolts or screws are passed can. Depending on the angular position of the individual sheets of a fitting can be mutually connected with such fittings Right-angled or right angle connections between two abutting components and fix it. Furthermore, it is with such Connection fittings possible, two or three-dimensional Truss nodes to be executed.

A disadvantage of such connection fittings, however, is that that the connection fittings are fully visible on the Outside of the components must be attached and hence on the later finished construction, for example the wooden structure of a winter garden or the like remain visible, which is disturbing from the aesthetic impression is.

Another example of a connection fitting is become known from DE-GM 79 07 976. This well-known Connection fitting has two on the respective components holding sections which can be arranged sunk into fitting recesses and a connecting portion connecting these holding portions on the the between the contact surfaces of the Components extending system gap bridged. Concrete is one of the two holding sections in the case of DE-GM 79 07 976 in the form of a round cup-shaped element and the other holding section in the form of a segment of a circle curved wall. The connection of the two Holding sections among one another are made from one Sheet metal curved web on which the segment of a circle Holding section is integrally formed and in which the other holding section is supported. The two holding sections are in circular fit recesses in the used two components to be connected, the The distance between the two pass recesses has already been selected in this way must be used in the two passport recesses Holding sections of the contact gap between the two Contact surfaces of the abutting components in the essential is already closed. Then can by Twisting an eccentric element in the cup-shaped holding section the relative distance between the two holding sections be reduced so that the two abutting Components are pulled towards each other, and so the two contact surfaces are pressed against each other.

A disadvantage of the connection fitting according to the DE-GM 79 07 976 is first that the connection fitting after remains visible from the outside. Another disadvantage is that the two pass recesses in advance the two components to be connected designed in this way must be that with loosely joined components the connecting fitting or its two holding sections can be inserted into the passport recesses, then ensured by turning the eccentric element must be that by the rotation of the eccentric element Relative amount of reduction between the two holding sections is sufficient, the two loosely abutting components under pressure system of the two contact surfaces. The bringing in of the two pass recesses at the correct distance from two components to be interconnected can, however, in the Practice, for example on site difficulties prepare. For this, the two building elements must be in advance loosely assembled and in this position with appropriate Aids are kept to in both components - if necessary with the help of a drilling template to be able to introduce both pass recesses. For larger ones Components, for example beams of a roof structure or the like, this is very, if at all complex to do.

Finally, with the connection fitting according to the DE-GM 79 07 976 only comparatively low holding forces corresponding to that applied when rotating the eccentric element Forces can be generated. When building larger ones Constructions, for example wooden frames for conservatories, Roof trusses or the like can be used with the connection fitting of DE-GM 79 07 976 the required holding forces do not achieve.

From US-A-5,577,856 is a connection fitting for two abutting components, especially in timber construction has become known from which the present invention emanates. This known connection fitting for two abutting Components include: two on each Components recessed in fitting recesses can be arranged holding sections and a connecting these holding sections Connection section, which between the contact surfaces of the components-extending system gap bridged. Both Pass-recesses are at two at right angles to each other standing surfaces of one component, wherein one of these areas is one of the later contact areas. One of the holding sections is for attachment to the contact surface of the other component without pass recesses designed and the other holding section is non-positive / positive can be arranged in the pass recess, which is not formed in the later contact surface. The connection fitting according to US-A-5,577,856 has the The advantage that it is hardly visible from the outside, that is, aesthetically attractive connections allowed. However for a play-free attachment of two with this connection fitting very precise preparatory work (Drilling, milling etc.) on the part of at least one component necessary because the other holding section in the form of a Hole is designed, the distance to the contact surface Freedom of play determined.

In contrast, the object of the present invention is a connecting fitting according to the preamble of the claim 1 in such a way that with it two abutting Components safe and reliable and free of play can be attached to each other, the connection fitting largely not at the junction should be visible.

The present invention proposes to achieve this object according to claim 1 before that the other holding portion is conical and non-positive in the fit recess can be arranged, which is not in the later contact area is formed, this pass recess also is correspondingly conical.

Are both pass recesses on one and the same component trained, the need is eliminated that two pass recesses in advance in one of the length of the holding section essentially corresponding distance to the to form two components to be connected to one another, that is, special care is no longer required be used in the formation of the passport recesses. The fact that one of the holding sections for fastening the Contact surface of the component designed without a recess is, this holding section can be easily without major preparatory work on this contact surface on the Fasten the component, for example screw it on. Is the other holding section non-positively / positively in that Pass recess can be arranged, which is not in the later contact surface is already trained on the other Component attached connection fitting, this Attachment takes place via the holding section there, the other component simply with the still free holding section in a non-positive / positive system or non-positive / positive intervention. hereby the assembly is significantly simplified since the two are abutting Components not brought together in advance, provisionally fixed and then using the connection fitting must be finally connected, but the Connection fitting is already in advance on one of the two Components attached, then the other component simply in a positive / positive engagement with the still free holding section is brought. In practice this means for example in the case of a wooden structure that for example two posts spaced one in between later bolt to be installed and with two connecting fittings be provided, then the horizontal running bars with each of the two pass recesses at its two free ends between the posts and in non-positive / positive engagement with the of the posts protruding free holding sections of the connecting fittings brought. This may even allow assembly of the bolt with only one man, since no provisional Pre-attachment between the two posts and the transversely running bolt in between is necessary. Thereby, that the holding section on the one contact surface of the a component is to be attached, wherein he with each other connected components in a pass recess of the other component comes to rest, at least this holding section towards the outside when connected Components not visible. This can also the external appearance of the connection fitting according to the invention or the one with this connection fitting established connection between two abutting Components are improved.

These are advantages of the present invention as they are can also be achieved per se by the subject of US Pat. No. 5,577,856 are. Through the training according to the invention that the other holding section is conical and can be positively / positively arranged in the pass recess, which is not formed in the later contact surface, this pass recess also correspondingly conical is formed, there are a number of properties which in practice when applying the subject of the present invention are very advantageous. So takes place through the conical design of the holding section and associated pass-recess a self-centering between the holding section and the fitting recess, while still due to the conical design of the insertion process of the holding section in the fitting recess simplified becomes. Furthermore, this conical design a "pulling" of one component to the other Component so that the two contact surfaces against each other under pressure be pressed together and also in the final assembly state stay pressed. Furthermore, the conical design of the holding section and associated Pass-recess a defined system of the holding section in this pass recess along at least one Line so that with the connection fitting according to the invention high and permanent holding forces can be applied. An in the investment gap running between the contact surfaces gluing is brought in by the high and in particular permanent pressure on the two components a "working" of the components (thermal deformation, Stretches, shrinkage, warping, etc.) due to vibrations, Wind pressure or wind suction forces or the like are not destroyed, i.e. it doesn't break. There is also no danger that an applied to the interconnected components covering protective coating in the area of the butt joints tears or breaks between the two components.

The two holding sections are preferred with the respective one Component detachably connected, especially screwed. This allows high holding forces on the one hand but also a simple disassembly on the other hand, if this should be desired.

Closes with the conical holding section a screw flange in alignment with its upper free edge the connection of the connection fitting can be further reinforced with the component there.

Finally, the connection fitting is preferably made of Metal, especially in the form of an aluminum die-cast part manufactured. Sufficient strength on the one hand, however easy manufacture and corrosion resistance on the other hand are guaranteed.

Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsbeschlages; und

Fig. 2 eine perspektivische Ansicht auf den erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsbeschlag mit zwei miteinander zu befestigenden Bauelementen.

Further details, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the drawing. It shows:

Figure 1 is a side view of a connecting fitting according to the invention. and

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the connecting fitting according to the invention with two components to be fastened together.

An embodiment of the present invention will now described with reference to the drawing. The description is based on an example in which the two abutting and by means of the invention Connection fitting components to be connected There are wooden beams. However, it is understood that this Design example as purely illustrative and exemplary and in no way to be taken as limiting is.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 the connection fitting according to the invention, generally designated 2 intended for connecting two wooden components, namely a vertical post 4 and one of the bolt extending sideways at right angles to it 6th

The connecting fitting 2 essentially comprises two Holding sections 8 and 10, which are interconnected with a connecting section 12 are connected. Here is the holding section 8 for attachment to the post 4 and the holding section 10 intended for attachment to the bolt 6, um the post 4 and the bar 6 in the area of an abutment gap 14, which lies between two contact surfaces 16 and 18 connect. Here, the contact surface 16 on the part of Post 4 be defined and the contact surface 18 on the part of the bar 6.

The holding section 8 for attaching the connection fitting 2 on the post 4 is elongated / plate-shaped and has a plurality of bores 20 which for Take up screws with which the plate-shaped Retaining section 8 are attached to the post 4 can.

With the upper free end portion of the holding portion 8 is in alignment from the holding section 8 Connection section 12 formed. The connecting section 12 has a slightly smaller width than the holding section 8 on and is of rectangular shape, wherein in the lower edge region of the connecting section 12 a groove 22 and 24 are formed on the left and right, respectively is to have unobstructed access to the top holes To have 20 in the holding section 8.

At the free end of the connecting section 12 is the further holding section 10 arranged on the part of the bolt 6. The holding section 10 has a conical shape downwards tapered sleeve 26, in the center of a bore 28th runs. In the lower section of the sleeve 26 tapers the bore 28 to form a screw channel 30.

In the extension of the connecting section 12 includes the sleeve 26 of the holding portion 10 Screw flange 32 on a plurality of holes 34 has.

As best seen in Fig. 2, the holding section 8 of the connection fitting 2 on the post 4 flat attached and screwed by screws in the holes 20. This means that with the exception of possibly pre-drilled holes for receiving the screws no preparatory work on the part of the holes 20 the post 4 for attaching the connection fitting 2 are necessary. In particular, there is no need on the part of the post 4 a pass recess for receiving a Form part of the connection fitting 2.

These pass recesses are only and according to FIG formed solely by the latch 6. Here is one Fitting recess 36 corresponding to the shape of the holding section 8 formed in the contact surface 18 of the bolt 6 and another fitting recess 38 is the shape of the connecting portion 12, the holding section 10 and the screw flange 32 accordingly in one in the right Angle to the contact surface 18 standing surface 40 of the bolt 6 trained. In the illustrated embodiment like this fitting recess 38 in the top surface of the bolt 6 be formed. The design of the passport recess 38 is such that there is a first section 42, the cross section of the cross section of the connecting portion 12 is adapted from the fitting recess 36 extends into the material of the bolt 6, wherein a second section 44 adjoins this first section 42 connects, the one of the sleeve 26 corresponding shape has, that is, tapered down into the material of the bolt 6 tapers into this second section 44 closes a third section 46 for receiving of the screw flange 32.

The end regions of the holding section 8 and the screw flange 32 are semicircular, so that the corresponding contours in the lower area the fitting recess 36 and in the end region of the third section 46 are correspondingly semicircular. specially when using the connection fitting according to the invention 2 for connecting wooden beams is through this semicircular contouring of the fitting recess 36 or of the third section 46 of the fitting recess 38 a Explosive effects in the wood avoided.

The pass recesses 36 and 38 are formed thus only on the part of the bolt 6 and can, for example fit in one pass and exactly a correspondingly designed milling tool.

The following is intended to continue - with reference to the Drawing - the use of the connection fitting according to the invention 2 are explained in more detail.

To connect the post 4 and the transom 6 according to FIG. 1 first the holding section 8 of the connecting fitting 2 using screws in the holes 20 screwed to the post 4, either the free upper edge of the holding section 8 flush with the upper edge of the Post 4 is, as shown in the drawing, or the Holding section 8 is in any or desired Screwed high to the post 4. It goes without saying here that the attachment of the holding portion 8 and thus the connection fitting 2 not as in the drawing must be shown, that is not so that the holding section 10 of the connection fitting 2 vertically downwards has. The connection fitting 2 can just as well by 90 ° screwed to the left or right on the post 4 be so that the holding portion 10 is horizontal lies, it can compared to the representation of Figures 1 and 2 rotated by 180 ° so that the holding section 10 faces upwards, or it can be in between Angular positions, for example 45 ° or 60 ° to the horizontal or vertical. The final attachment and alignment of the connection fitting 2 or the attachment of the holding section 8 is directed to the post 4 according to the structural requirements and / or requirements regarding a later being invisible to the Connection fitting 2.

After the connection fitting 2 using the Holding section 8 has been attached to the post 4, the tapered bore in the second Section 44 of the fitting recess 38 on the conical Sleeve 26 of the holding section 10 is pushed on. Through the conical configuration of the second section 44 and the sleeve 26 makes the insertion process easier at first, after which in the course of the insertion of the sleeve 26 self-centering takes place in the second section 44. In the course of this insertion process comes the plate-shaped holding section 8 in the fitting recess 36 on the part of the bolt 6 to lie, the connecting section 12 comes in the first section 42 of the fitting recess 38 to lie and the screw flange 32 comes in the third section 46 of the pass recess 38 to lie.

As soon as the sleeve 26 in the conical bore in second section 44 of the pass recess 38 has been introduced a surface pressure is already applied provisional fixation of bolt 6 compared to Post 4, especially when the sleeve 26 is horizontal or lies diagonally upwards or even completely upwards has. Then a corresponding in the bore 28 of the sleeve 26 dimensioned screw, preferably a drywall screw introduced, this screw the screw channel 30 passes through and at the lower free end of the sleeve 26th exit. This can be done in the lower end of the second section 44, that is in the bottom surface of the conical Bore, yet another screw hole 48 is formed be the one that emerges from the screw channel 30 End of the screw inserted there at least with some takes up a few threads, so that the screw is held captive in the screw channel 30. thereupon with a corresponding tool, for example a Electric or pneumatic screwdriver in the screw channel 30 lying screw tightened, causing the conical Sleeve 26 even deeper into the conical bore of the second section 44 of the pass recess 38 and circumferentially on the inner wall of the second section 44 the pass recess 38 is pressed. This pressure is applied ideally over the entire surface, but in practice probably on partial surfaces or a pressure line between the inner wall of the second portion 44 of the fitting recess 38 and the outer wall of the cone 26.

Due to the conical design of sleeve 26 and drilling in the second section 44 takes place a compression between the sleeve and the bore with a simultaneous Pressing the two system surfaces together 16 and 18 in the area of the contact gap 14.

After the screw in the screw channel 30 is finally tightened an additional screw connection is made the connecting fitting 2 on the part of the bolt 6 through Screws, which in the holes 34 of the screw flange 32 introduced and there in the material of the bar 6 can be screwed in.

After connecting post 4 and transom 6 is only of the entire connection fitting 2 the top of the connecting portion 12 and the sleeve 26, and the screw flange 32 visible. The plate-shaped holding section 8 and the sleeve 26 of the holding section 10 are completely in the material of the bolt 6 in the passport recesses 36 and 38 there (second section 44) recorded and not visible from the outside.

It can also be remembered the depths of the first to third sections 42, 44 and 46 of the pass recess 38 deeper than the vertical extent of the connecting section 12 and the length of the holding section 10 to make so that the free upper surface of the connecting portion 12 and the holding section 10 below the level the area 40 lies. This step in surface 40 can then if necessary, by a correspondingly shaped cladding element filled out of wood, plastic or metal and covered so that the entire connection fitting 2 is not visible from the outside.

The connecting fitting 2 according to the invention has in the Practice a number of advantages. That's how it is initially by the cone shape of the sleeve 26 in the course of screwing in Screw in the screw channel 30 a strong pressure in the area of the contact surfaces 16 and 18 achievable, so that the contact gap 14 is completely closed. This means, that the two components, that is, item 4 and Latch 6 pressed together with high and permanent force the typical wood construction "Working" the wood has nothing to do with this permanent connection is able to change.

Through the initial "threading" and self-centering the sleeve 26 in the conical bore of the second section 44, the latch 6 can be easily engaged bring the holding section 10. Especially if the Sleeve 26 lies horizontally or points upwards is also a One-man assembly possible because of the cone shape of the Sleeve 26 there is a certain self-locking or clamping, once the sleeve 26 in the second portion 44 of the pass recess 38 has been inserted. Through the following Screwing the screws into the screw channel 30, what can also be done by a man is then already the bolt 6 captively fixed to the post 4. The connection is finally secured then via the screw connection in the area of the screw flange 32nd

On the part of the post 4 are to prepare the connection no processing, such as milling necessary for a passport recess. The two for the connection necessary passport recesses are made solely and exclusively on the part of the bolt 6, these pass recesses when using an appropriate milling tool can be shaped in a single pass, for example the edge between the contact surface 18 and the surface 40 running at right angles thereto can be used as a reference edge. Compliance with any Spaces between two passport recesses in two separate components is therefore not necessary.

The connection fitting 2 is after assembly outwards largely through the material of the transom 6 covered. The with the connection fitting according to the invention 2 established connection is thus also visually appealing, especially if the still exposed Surfaces of the connecting portion 12, the holding portion 10 and the screw flange 32 by a cover be covered.

As material for the production of the connection fitting 2, a metal is advantageously used, in particular an aluminum die-cast part. Die-cast aluminum has in certain advantages in practice, in particular corrosion resistance, comparatively low weight, high strength and the possibility of an inexpensive and precisely fitting manufacture.

Claims (4)

1. Connecting piece for two abutting structural elements (4, 6), in particular in wood construction, with:

   two retaining sections (8, 10) which can be countersunk in fitting recesses (36, 38) on the relevant structural elements (4, 6); and

   a connecting section (12) connecting these retaining sections (8, 10) which bridges the installation gap running between the installation surfaces (16, 18) of the structural elements (4, 6), whereby

   both fitting recesses (36, 38) are formed on two surfaces at right angles to each other (18, 40) on one of the sructural elements (6) whereby one (18) of these surfaces is one of the subsequent installation surfaces (16, 18);

   one (8) of the retaining sections (8, 10) is desigued for fixing to the installation surface (16) of the other structural element (4) without fitting recesses; and

   the other retaining section (10) can be arranged to interlock and form a frictional connection in the fitting recess (38) which is not formed in the subsequent installation surface (18),

       characterised by the fact that

   the other retaining section (10) is conical and can interlock and form a frictional connection in the fitting recess (38) which is not formed in the subsequent installation surface (18), whereby this fitting recess (38) is likewise correspondingly conical (44).
2. Connecting piece according to claim 1, characterised by the fact that the two retaining sections (8, 10) are connected non-permanently with the relevant structural element (4, 6), in particular being threaded.
3. Connecting piece according to claim 1 or 2, characterised by the fact that a threaded flange (32) is connected and aligned to the conical retaining section (10) at its free upper edge.
4. Connecting piece according to any of the preceding claims, characterised by the fact that it is made of metal, in particular in the form of an aluminium die-cast part.

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