EP0859648A1 - Device for automatically stopping the fall of personnel working high above ground - Google Patents

Device for automatically stopping the fall of personnel working high above ground

Info

Publication number
EP0859648A1
EP0859648A1 EP97933737A EP97933737A EP0859648A1 EP 0859648 A1 EP0859648 A1 EP 0859648A1 EP 97933737 A EP97933737 A EP 97933737A EP 97933737 A EP97933737 A EP 97933737A EP 0859648 A1 EP0859648 A1 EP 0859648A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cam
tightening
roller
lever
clamping
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97933737A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0859648B1 (en
Inventor
Guido Gortan
Maksimiljan Cencic
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tractel SAS
Original Assignee
Tractel SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tractel SAS filed Critical Tractel SAS
Publication of EP0859648A1 publication Critical patent/EP0859648A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0859648B1 publication Critical patent/EP0859648B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/14—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brakes sliding on the rope

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an individual fall protection device and, more particularly, a device designed to automatically stop the fall of a person working at height.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,923,037 describes an automatic fall arrest device movable along a vertical support.
  • This device comprises a toothed wheel mounted to rotate in its housing, which is articulated inside an external housing and is elastically constrained in the direction applying the toothed wheel against the support passing through a vertical channel formed in the front part of the outdoor accommodation. When the device moves along the support, the toothed wheel is driven in rotation by its friction thereon.
  • the corresponding speed of rotation of the toothed wheel triggers a centrifugal clutch mechanism which stops the rotation of the toothed wheel.
  • the friction between the support and the immobilized toothed wheel then causes the housing of the latter to pivot in the direction which ensures the clamping of the support between the toothed wheel and the external housing and the blocking of the device on the support.
  • the centrifugal clutch system which acts as a trigger for automatic tightening, is an expensive and fragile, sensitive to dust.
  • the French patent application published under No. 2574511 also discloses an automatic clamping device on a safety rope.
  • This device comprises a roller movable along a ramp between a lower rest position in which it is spaced from the safety rope and an upper position in which it clamps the rope to block the device thereon.
  • a lever to which is attached the lanyard connected to the user, engages the movable roller under the dynamic effect of a fall of the user, to bring it into its clamping position.
  • This device due to the lightness of the tightening roller which can mount along the guide ramp under the effect of jerks or vibrations, is of an operating sensitivity that is poorly controlled and is susceptible to erratic operations.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an automatic fall arrest device avoiding the drawbacks mentioned above of known devices and having the advantages of simplicity, robustness and improved efficiency.
  • the device is produced by a small number of pieces of simple shape, which cooperate with one another to simultaneously implement three modes of triggering the clamping effect on the support:
  • the clamping member in the form of a clamping cam mounted so that the position of its center of gravity with respect to its axis of rotation causes a inertial effect, in the event of sudden stress on the device towards the bottom, which causes the cam movement to fail,
  • the automatic fall arrest device which slides without additional operation on a belay support fixed at a point situated above said device to which the user or a load is connected, is of the type comprising a member for clamping the belay support and a member for detecting a threshold of acceleration or speed of travel of the belay support relative to the device.
  • the detector member constituted by a roller or an equivalent rotary member, and the clamping member being distinct, the detector member is mounted on the clamping member and drives the latter in the direction tightening under the effect of a determined level torque opposing the rotation of the roller, said resistance torque being generated by a means fixed on the clamping member and acting from a determined threshold of speed or acceleration of the support belay device.
  • the means generating the resistant torque is constituted by a wiper, applied against the roller under the effect of a spring pressing on the clamping member and generating an increasing resistant torque with the speed of the support in the device up to 'at a threshold greater than an opposing resistive torque of the cam.
  • the clamping member can be constituted by a pivoting cam with self-tightening effect with the belay support, on which the detector roller is located so as to be in cooperative contact with the support for a determined position of the cam in the absence of a tightening stress applied thereto, and so as to leave this contact as soon as the cam starts its tightening action.
  • the center of gravity of the cam is placed relative to the axis of rotation of the latter so as to urge this cam, in association with its mass, in the direction of its loosening in the absence of a given acceleration of the device downward, and to bias said cam in the opposite direction in the presence of such acceleration, from a threshold thereof, to engage the clamping action.
  • the device comprises a lever actuation by the load which cooperates unidirectionally with the cam by a stop, so that this cam cannot be actuated by this lever ⁇ ue in the direction causing tightening.
  • a connecting spring mounted on the articulation axis common to the lever and to the cam has two ends, one of which is applied at a point on the housing of the device and 1 '-other applies to the cam so as to urge it in rotation in the direction of loosening so as to apply it constantly in contact with the lever in the absence of a positive action immobilizing it- ci in the high position simultaneously with a phenomenon causing the cam to tighten.
  • the mass of the cam, associated with the positioning of its center of gravity is calculated so as to neutralize the action of the spring to operate a tightening movement under the effect of a determined acceleration, downwards, of the whole of the device.
  • the actuation lever is configured and positioned so that it can actuate or accompany the cam over its entire clamping stroke until the rope is completely blocked.
  • Figure 1 is a side view , partially in vertical section, of an automatic stop device according to the present invention, shown in its rest position allowing its movement along a belay rope
  • Figure 2 is a view of the device of fugure 1 in its stopped position, after triggering of the tightening by displacement of the pivoting lever
  • Figure 3 is a view of the device of Figure 1 in its stopped position, without the triggering of the tightening has been controlled by the lever
  • Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 2, but showing the device locked in the voluntary manual stop position (parking).
  • the automatic stop device generally designated at 1 is intended to tighten a vertical belay rope 2 which passes through it.
  • the rope 2 is fixed at its upper end, and it is provided with a ballast (not shown) at its lower end.
  • the device 1 comprises a housing made up of two lateral flanges 3 (only one of which is visible in the drawing) connected by spacers 4, a front wall 5 and a rear wall 6.
  • a clamping cam 7 mounted to pivot about a horizontal axis 8 carried by the flanges 3. Towards its front part, the cam 7 has an arcuate clamping surface
  • the belay cord 2 circulates, the relative movement with the device 1 rotates the detector roller 10.
  • the rotation of the roller 10 is braked by a wiper 12 which engages the periphery of this roller under the stress of a spring 13 pressing on the body of the cam 7.
  • the force of the spring 13 is chosen so as to apply to the roller 10, from a determined threshold of the speed of rotation of the roller, a resistant torque of a determined level which opposes the rotation of the roller and partially secures the roller
  • a bent lever 15, articulated at its intermediate part around the axis 8, has an arm which projects by a slot 16 from the rear wall 6, while the end 17 of its other arm serves, in the high position of the lever 15 in abutment against the wall 6 (as shown in FIG. 1), abutment for the cam 7 in the released position.
  • roller 10 on the cam 7 is provided so that, in this position of abutment of the cam against the lever 15, the roller 10 comes into contact with the rope 2.
  • the cam 7 is such that its center of gravity is placed relative to the axis of rotation 8 so as to urge this cam in the direction of its loosening in the absence of a given acceleration of the device downwards, and at bias this cam in the opposite direction by inertia in the presence of such an acceleration from a determined threshold thereof, thereby neutralizing the action of the spring 14.
  • the arm of the lever 15 which crosses the slot 16 has at its end an opening 18 for hooking the carabiner (not shown) of a lanyard associated with a worker.
  • lever 15 controls the movement of the cam 7, by stop, only in the tightening direction. This avoids any untimely loosening action by an awkward or untimely operation of this lever.
  • the operation of the device is as follows, assuming that it is in its non-tightening condition shown in FIG. 1, the projecting arm of the lever 15 being in the high position since the device 1, due to its weight, is found at a lower level than the user.
  • the cam 7, as indicated above, is in its loose position, pressing against the stop part " 17 of the lever 15, itself in abutment against the wall 6, under the combined effect of the mass of the cam and the spring 14.
  • the device 1 then slides freely along the safety rope 2, up or down, depending on the movement of the user, by rotating the roller 10.
  • the lever 15 accompanies the cam 7 over its entire tightening stroke until the cord 2 is completely blocked.
  • an accidental immobilization of the latter in its rest position of FIG. 1 can only oppose one of the two effects described above in a) and b), or both together, exerts the tightening action.
  • a device for locking the lever 15 in the blocking position constituted for example by a pawl 19 articulated at 20 on the housing and engaging the rear face of the lever 15, makes it possible to maintain the.-cam 7 in its locking position of the rope 2, thus acting as a parking brake.
  • the device housing includes an opening means (not shown in the drawing), such that the closed position of the housing is locked by two separate members, requiring the intervention of two successive voluntary operations to open this housing.

Abstract

The device comprises, inside a case, a tightening cam (7) hinged about an axis (8) such that, unused, it does not engage a belaying rope (2) passing through the case and, when the device is subjected to a set acceleration downwards, it pivots towards the rope (2) to tighten it to the case with self-tightening effect. On the cam (7) is mounted a detecting roller (10) which co-operates with the rope (2) when the cam (7) is unused. A spring actuated (13) friction piece (12), at a certain rotational speed of the roller (10), subjects it to a resisting moment which triggers off the pivoting of the cam (7) in the tightening direction. A lever (15), to which the user is linked, engages in a unidirectional manner the cam (7) to push it in tightening position if the user falls. The device simultaneously triggers off several tightening effects in case of a fall.

Description

Dispositif d'arrêt automatique de chute pour des personnels travaillant en hauteur. Automatic fall arrest device for personnel working at height.
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de protection individuelle anti-chute et, plus particulièrement, un dispositif conçu pour arrêter automatiquement la chute d'une personne travaillant en hauteur .The present invention relates to an individual fall protection device and, more particularly, a device designed to automatically stop the fall of a person working at height.
On connaît des dispositifs de protection individuelle anti-chute coulissant sur un support, par exemple une corde, orienté verticalement et fixé à sa partie supérieure.Individual fall protection devices are known which slide on a support, for example a rope, oriented vertically and fixed to its upper part.
Ces dispositifs sont reliés par une longe à l'opérateur qu'ils sont destinés à protéger d'une chute.These devices are connected by a lanyard to the operator that they are intended to protect from a fall.
A cet effet, ls sont conçus de façon à coulisser vers le haut et vers le bas le long du support, et à se bloquer sur celui-ci en cas de chute de 1 ' opérateur .For this purpose, they are designed so as to slide up and down along the support, and to lock on it in the event of the operator falling.
Il existe des modèles plus ou moins compliqués de tels dispositifs, entraînant une action de serrage d'un organe sur le support sous l'effet dynamique créé par la chute de l'opérateur relié au dispositif .There are more or less complicated models of such devices, causing a clamping action of an organ on the support under the dynamic effect created by the fall of the operator connected to the device.
Les modèles les plus perfectionnés présentent l'inconvénient de comporter des pièces fragiles et nombreuses. Dans l'ensemble ces dispositifs nécessitent une vigilance constante sur leur état de propreté car ils sont sensibles à la présence de débris et de poussières qui nuisent à l'efficacité αe leur fonctionnement . Le brevet des Etats-Unis d'Amérique N° 4923037 décrit un dispositif d'arrêt anti-chute à fonctionnement automatique, mobile le long d'un support vertical. Ce dispositif comprend une roue dentée montée pour tourner dans son logement, lequel est articulé à l'intérieur d'un logement extérieur et est contraint élastiquement dans le sens appliquant la roue dentée contre le support passant dans un canal vertical ménagé à la partie avant du logement extérieur. Lorsque le dispositif se déplace le long du support, la roue dentée est entraînée en rotation par sa friction sur celui-ci. Si la vitesse de descente du dispositif le long du support atteint une valeur prédéterminée, la vitesse de rotation correspondante de la roue dentée déclenche un mécanisme d'embrayage centrifuge qui stoppe la rotation de la roue dentée. La friction entre le support et la roue dentée immobilisée entraîne alors un pivotement du logement de celle-ci dans le sens qui assure le serrage du support entre la roue dentée et le logement extérieur et le blocage du dispositif sur le support.The most sophisticated models have the disadvantage of having many fragile parts. On the whole, these devices require constant vigilance over their state of cleanliness because they are sensitive to the presence of debris and dust which affect the efficiency of their operation. U.S. Patent No. 4,923,037 describes an automatic fall arrest device movable along a vertical support. This device comprises a toothed wheel mounted to rotate in its housing, which is articulated inside an external housing and is elastically constrained in the direction applying the toothed wheel against the support passing through a vertical channel formed in the front part of the outdoor accommodation. When the device moves along the support, the toothed wheel is driven in rotation by its friction thereon. If the speed of descent of the device along the support reaches a predetermined value, the corresponding speed of rotation of the toothed wheel triggers a centrifugal clutch mechanism which stops the rotation of the toothed wheel. The friction between the support and the immobilized toothed wheel then causes the housing of the latter to pivot in the direction which ensures the clamping of the support between the toothed wheel and the external housing and the blocking of the device on the support.
Dans ce dispositif, où la roue dentée sert à la fois de détecteur de la vitesse de déplacement du dispositif et d'organe de serrage, le système d'embrayage centrifuge, qui joue le rôle de déclencheur du serrage automatique, est un organe coûteux et fragile, sensible aux poussières.In this device, where the toothed wheel serves both as a detector of the speed of movement of the device and as a tightening member, the centrifugal clutch system, which acts as a trigger for automatic tightening, is an expensive and fragile, sensitive to dust.
Par la demande de brevet français publiée sous le N° 2574511, on connaît aussi un dispositif de serrage automatique sur une corde de sécurité. Ce dispositif comprend un galet mobile le long d'une rampe entre une position inférieure de repos dans laquelle il est écarté de la corde de sécurité et une position supérieure dans laquelle il serre la corde pour bloquer le dispositif sur celle-ci. Un levier, auquel est accrochée la longe reliée à l'utilisateur, engage le galet mobile sous l'effet dynamique d'une chute de l'utilisateur, pour l'amener dans sa position de serrage . Ce dispositif, de par la légèreté du galet αe serrage qui peut monter le long de la rampe de guidage sous l'effet d'à-coups ou de vibrations, est d'une sensibilité de fonctionnement mal contrôlée et est susceptible de fonctionnements erratiques.The French patent application published under No. 2574511 also discloses an automatic clamping device on a safety rope. This device comprises a roller movable along a ramp between a lower rest position in which it is spaced from the safety rope and an upper position in which it clamps the rope to block the device thereon. A lever, to which is attached the lanyard connected to the user, engages the movable roller under the dynamic effect of a fall of the user, to bring it into its clamping position. This device, due to the lightness of the tightening roller which can mount along the guide ramp under the effect of jerks or vibrations, is of an operating sensitivity that is poorly controlled and is susceptible to erratic operations.
La présente invention a pour objet de réaliser un dispositif d'arrêt automatique de chute évitant les inconvénients mentionnés ci-dessus des dispositifs connus et présentant les avantages de simplicité, de robustesse et d'efficacité améliorée.The object of the present invention is to provide an automatic fall arrest device avoiding the drawbacks mentioned above of known devices and having the advantages of simplicity, robustness and improved efficiency.
A cette fin, le dispositif est réalisé par un petit nombre de pièces de formes simples, qui coopèrent entre elles pour mettre en oeuvre simultanément trois modes de déclenchement de l'effet de serrage sur le support :To this end, the device is produced by a small number of pieces of simple shape, which cooperate with one another to simultaneously implement three modes of triggering the clamping effect on the support:
- par accélération d'un organe détecteur situe sur l'organe de serrage et qui en amorce le mouvement de serrage ,- by acceleration of a detector member located on the clamping member and which initiates the clamping movement,
- par la réalisation de l'organe de serrage sous la forme d'une came de serrage montée de façon que la position de son centre de gravité par rapport à son axe de rotation provoque un effet mertiel, en cas de sollicitation brusque du dispositif vers le bas, qui entraîne le mouvement serreur de la came,- by producing the clamping member in the form of a clamping cam mounted so that the position of its center of gravity with respect to its axis of rotation causes a inertial effect, in the event of sudden stress on the device towards the bottom, which causes the cam movement to fail,
- par l'action d'un levier sous l'effet de la charge.- by the action of a lever under the effect of the load.
Selon l'invention, le dispositif d'arrêt automatique de chute, qui coulisse sans opération supplémentaire sur un support d' assurage fixé à un point situé au-dessus du dit dispositif auquel est relié l'utilisateur ou une charge, est du type comportant un organe de serrage du support d ' assurage et un organe détecteur d'un seuil d'accélération ou de vitesse de défilement du support d' assurage par rapport au dispositif. Il se caractérise en ce que l'organe détecteur, constitué par un galet ou un organe rotatif équivalent, et J 'organe de serrage étant distincts, l'organe détecteur est monté sur l'organe de serrage et entraîne celui-ci dans le sens du serrage sous l'effet d'un couple résistant de niveau détermine s'opposant à la rotation du galet, le dit couple résistant étant engendré par un moyen fixé sur l'organe de serrage et agissant à partir d'un seuil déterminé de vitesse ou d'accélération du support d'assurage dans le dispositif.According to the invention, the automatic fall arrest device, which slides without additional operation on a belay support fixed at a point situated above said device to which the user or a load is connected, is of the type comprising a member for clamping the belay support and a member for detecting a threshold of acceleration or speed of travel of the belay support relative to the device. It is characterized in that the detector member, constituted by a roller or an equivalent rotary member, and the clamping member being distinct, the detector member is mounted on the clamping member and drives the latter in the direction tightening under the effect of a determined level torque opposing the rotation of the roller, said resistance torque being generated by a means fixed on the clamping member and acting from a determined threshold of speed or acceleration of the support belay device.
Avantageusement, le moyen engendrant le couple résistant est constitué par un frotteur, appliqué contre le galet sous l'effet d'un ressort s 'appuyant sur l'organe de serrage et engendrant un couple résistant croissant avec la vitesse du support dans le dispositif jusqu'à un seuil supérieur à un couple résistant antagoniste de la came.Advantageously, the means generating the resistant torque is constituted by a wiper, applied against the roller under the effect of a spring pressing on the clamping member and generating an increasing resistant torque with the speed of the support in the device up to 'at a threshold greater than an opposing resistive torque of the cam.
L'organe de serrage peut être constitué par une came pivotante à effet d ' autoserrage avec le support d'assurage, sur laquelle le galet détecteur est situe de façon à être en contact de coopération avec le support pour une position déterminée de la came en l'absence d'une sollicitation de serrage appliquée à celle-ci, et de façon à quitter ce contact dès que la came amorce son action de serrage.The clamping member can be constituted by a pivoting cam with self-tightening effect with the belay support, on which the detector roller is located so as to be in cooperative contact with the support for a determined position of the cam in the absence of a tightening stress applied thereto, and so as to leave this contact as soon as the cam starts its tightening action.
Le centre de gravité de la came est placé par rapport à l'axe de rotation de celle-ci de façon à solliciter cette came, en association avec sa masse, dans le sens de son desserrage en l'absence d'une accélération donnée du dispositif vers le bas, et à solliciter la dite came dans le sens inverse en présence d'une telle accélération, à partir d'un seuil de celle-ci, pour engager l'action de serrage.The center of gravity of the cam is placed relative to the axis of rotation of the latter so as to urge this cam, in association with its mass, in the direction of its loosening in the absence of a given acceleration of the device downward, and to bias said cam in the opposite direction in the presence of such acceleration, from a threshold thereof, to engage the clamping action.
Selon l'invention, pour réaliser le troisième effet de serrage, le dispositif comporte un levier ' actionnement par la charge qui coopère de façon unidirectionnelle avec la came par une butée, de sorte que cette came ne puisse être actionnée par ce levier αue dans le sens provoquant le serrage.According to the invention, to achieve the third clamping effect, the device comprises a lever actuation by the load which cooperates unidirectionally with the cam by a stop, so that this cam cannot be actuated by this lever αue in the direction causing tightening.
Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel, un ressort de liaison monté sur l'axe d'articulation commun au levier et à la came comporte deux extrémités αont l'une s'applique en un point du boîtier du dispositif et 1 '-autre s'applique à la came de façon à la solliciter en rotation dans le sens du desserrage de manière à l'appliquer constamment au contact du levier en l'absence d'une action positive d'immobilisation de celui-ci en position haute simultanément avec un phénomène entraînant la came en serrage.According to a preferred embodiment, a connecting spring mounted on the articulation axis common to the lever and to the cam has two ends, one of which is applied at a point on the housing of the device and 1 '-other applies to the cam so as to urge it in rotation in the direction of loosening so as to apply it constantly in contact with the lever in the absence of a positive action immobilizing it- ci in the high position simultaneously with a phenomenon causing the cam to tighten.
La masse de la came, associée au positionnement de son centre de gravité est calculée de façon à neutraliser l'action du ressort pour opérer un mouvement de serrage sous l'effet d'une accélération déterminée, vers le bas, de l'ensemble du dispositif.The mass of the cam, associated with the positioning of its center of gravity is calculated so as to neutralize the action of the spring to operate a tightening movement under the effect of a determined acceleration, downwards, of the whole of the device.
Dans tous les cas, l'amorçage de la rotation de la came dans le sens du serrage entraîne la continuation automatique du mouvement de serrage par la configuration de la face en coopération avec le cordage , provoquant un phénomène d ' autoserrage jusqu'au blocage complet .In all cases, the initiation of the rotation of the cam in the tightening direction causes the automatic continuation of the tightening movement by the configuration of the face in cooperation with the rope, causing a phenomenon of self-tightening until complete blocking. .
Le levier d ' ac tionnement est configuré et positionné de façon à pouvoir actionner ou accompagner la came sur la totalité de sa course de serrage jusqu'au blocage complet du cordage.The actuation lever is configured and positioned so that it can actuate or accompany the cam over its entire clamping stroke until the rope is completely blocked.
Pour bien faire comprendre le dispositif selon l'invention, on en décrira ci-après, à titre d'exemple sans caractère limitatif, une forme d'exécution préférée en référence au dessin schématique annexé dans lequel : la figure 1 est une vue de côté, partiellement en coupe verticale, d'un dispositif d'arrêt automatique selon la présente invention, représenté dans sa position de repos permettant son déplacement le long d'une corde d'assurage, la figure 2 est une vue du dispositif de la fugure 1 dans sa position d'arrêt, après déclenchement du serrage par déplacement du levier pivotant ; la figure 3 est une vue du dispositif de la figure 1 dans sa position d'arrêt, sans que le déclenchement du serrage ait été commandé par le levier ; et la figure 4 est une vue analogue à la figure 2, mais montrant le dispositif verrouillé en position d'arrêt manuel volontaire (parking).To clearly understand the device according to the invention, there will be described below, by way of example without limitation, a preferred embodiment with reference to the attached schematic drawing in which: Figure 1 is a side view , partially in vertical section, of an automatic stop device according to the present invention, shown in its rest position allowing its movement along a belay rope, Figure 2 is a view of the device of fugure 1 in its stopped position, after triggering of the tightening by displacement of the pivoting lever; Figure 3 is a view of the device of Figure 1 in its stopped position, without the triggering of the tightening has been controlled by the lever; and Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 2, but showing the device locked in the voluntary manual stop position (parking).
En référence au dessin, le dispositif d'arrêt automatique désigné de façon générale en 1 est destiné à serrer une corde d'assurage verticale 2 qui le traverse. La corde 2 est fixée à son extrémité supérieure, et elle est pourvue d'un lest (non représenté) à son extrémité inférieure.Referring to the drawing, the automatic stop device generally designated at 1 is intended to tighten a vertical belay rope 2 which passes through it. The rope 2 is fixed at its upper end, and it is provided with a ballast (not shown) at its lower end.
Le dispositif 1 comporte un boîtier constitué de deux flasques latéraux 3 (dont un seul est visible au dessin) reliés par des entretoises 4, d'une paroi frontale 5 et d'une paroi arrière 6.The device 1 comprises a housing made up of two lateral flanges 3 (only one of which is visible in the drawing) connected by spacers 4, a front wall 5 and a rear wall 6.
A l'intérieur du boîtier est logée une came de serrage 7 montée pour pivoter autour d'un axe horizontal 8 porté par les flasques 3. Vers sa partie avant, la came 7 présente une surface de serrage arquéeInside the housing is housed a clamping cam 7 mounted to pivot about a horizontal axis 8 carried by the flanges 3. Towards its front part, the cam 7 has an arcuate clamping surface
9 et elle comporte, à sa partie supérieure avant, un galet de détection 10 monté fou sur un axe transversal 11 porté par la came 7.9 and it comprises, at its upper front part, a detection roller 10 mounted idly on a transverse axis 11 carried by the cam 7.
Dans l'espace ménagé entre la face intérieure de la paroi frontale 5 et l'extrémité avant de la came 7 circule la corde d'assurage 2 dont le mouvement relatif avec le dispositif 1 entraîne en rotation le galet détecteur 10. La rotation du galet 10 est freinée par un frotteur 12 qui engage la périphérie de ce galet sous la contrainte d'un ressort 13 appuyant sur le corps de la came 7. La force du ressort 13 est choisie de façon à appliquer au galet 10, à partir d'un seuil déterminé de la vitesse de rotation du galet, un couple résistant d'un niveau déterminé qui s'oppose à la rotation du galet et solidarise partiellement le galetIn the space provided between the inner face of the front wall 5 and the front end of the cam 7, the belay cord 2 circulates, the relative movement with the device 1 rotates the detector roller 10. The rotation of the roller 10 is braked by a wiper 12 which engages the periphery of this roller under the stress of a spring 13 pressing on the body of the cam 7. The force of the spring 13 is chosen so as to apply to the roller 10, from a determined threshold of the speed of rotation of the roller, a resistant torque of a determined level which opposes the rotation of the roller and partially secures the roller
10 et la came 7.10 and cam 7.
Un ressort 14, enroulé sur l'arbre 8 et s 'appuyant d'une part sur la came 7 et d'autre part sur la paroi arrière 6, agit sur la came 7 pour maintenir celle-ci dans sa position représentée à la figure 1 où sa surface de serrage 9 n'engage pas la corde de sécurité 2 et où le galet détecteur 10 coopère avec cette corde 2.A spring 14, wound on the shaft 8 and pressing on the one hand on the cam 7 and on the other hand on the rear wall 6, acts on the cam 7 to maintain the latter in the position shown in the figure 1 where its clamping surface 9 does not engage the rope security 2 and where the detector roller 10 cooperates with this rope 2.
Un levier coudé 15, articulé à sa partie intermédiaire autour de l'axe 8, présente un bras qui fait saillie par une fente 16 de la paroi arrière 6, alors que l'extrémité 17 de son autre bras sert, dans la position haute du levier 15 en butée contre la paroi 6 (comme représenté à la figure 1), de butée pour la came 7 en position de desserrage.A bent lever 15, articulated at its intermediate part around the axis 8, has an arm which projects by a slot 16 from the rear wall 6, while the end 17 of its other arm serves, in the high position of the lever 15 in abutment against the wall 6 (as shown in FIG. 1), abutment for the cam 7 in the released position.
La disposition du galet 10 sur la came 7 est prévue pour que, dans cette position de butée de la came contre le levier 15, le galet 10 vienne en contact avec la corde 2.The arrangement of the roller 10 on the cam 7 is provided so that, in this position of abutment of the cam against the lever 15, the roller 10 comes into contact with the rope 2.
La came 7 est telle que son centre de gravité est placé par rapport à l'axe de rotation 8 de façon à solliciter cette came dans le sens de son desserrage en l'absence d'une accélération donnée du dispositif vers le bas, et à solliciter cette came dans le sens inverse par inertie en présence d'une telle accélération à partir d'un seuil déterminé de celle-ci en neutralisant alors l'action du ressort 14.The cam 7 is such that its center of gravity is placed relative to the axis of rotation 8 so as to urge this cam in the direction of its loosening in the absence of a given acceleration of the device downwards, and at bias this cam in the opposite direction by inertia in the presence of such an acceleration from a determined threshold thereof, thereby neutralizing the action of the spring 14.
Le bras du levier 15 qui traverse la fente 16 présente à son extrémité une ouverture 18 pour l'accrochage du mousqueton (non représenté) d'une longe associée à un ouvrier.The arm of the lever 15 which crosses the slot 16 has at its end an opening 18 for hooking the carabiner (not shown) of a lanyard associated with a worker.
On remarque que le levier 15 ne commande le déplacement de la came 7, par butée, que dans le sens du serrage. Cela évite toute action intempestive de desserrage par une manoeuvre maladroite ou inopportune de ce levier.Note that the lever 15 controls the movement of the cam 7, by stop, only in the tightening direction. This avoids any untimely loosening action by an awkward or untimely operation of this lever.
Le fonctionnement du dispositif est le suivant, en supposant qu'il se trouve dans sa condition de non serrage représentée à la figure 1, le bras saillant du levier 15 étant en position haute puisque l'appareil 1, en raison de son poids, se trouve a un niveau plus bas que l'utilisateur.The operation of the device is as follows, assuming that it is in its non-tightening condition shown in FIG. 1, the projecting arm of the lever 15 being in the high position since the device 1, due to its weight, is found at a lower level than the user.
La came 7, comme on l'a indique plus haut, se trouve dans sa position desserrée, en appui contre la partie de butée" 17 du levier 15, lui-même en butée contre la paroi 6, sous l'effet combiné de la masse de la came et du ressort 14. Le dispositif 1 coulisse alors librement le long de la corde de sécurité 2, vers le haut ou vers le bas, selon le déplacement de l'utilisateur, en entraînant en rotation le galet 10.The cam 7, as indicated above, is in its loose position, pressing against the stop part " 17 of the lever 15, itself in abutment against the wall 6, under the combined effect of the mass of the cam and the spring 14. The device 1 then slides freely along the safety rope 2, up or down, depending on the movement of the user, by rotating the roller 10.
En cas de chute de l'utilisateur, un triple effet de déclenchement du serrage de la came 7 s'effectue de façon simultanée : a) l'accélération brusque du mouvement de descente du dispositif 1 le long de la corde 2 est immédiatement détectée par le galet 100 dont la vitesse de rotation augmente jusqu'à ce que le couple résistant auquel il est soumis surmonte le couple résistant antagoniste de la came 7. Celle-ci pivote alors dans le sens horaire autour de l'arbre 8 de façon que sa surface de serrage 9 engage la corde 2 et la bloque contre la paroi 5 en immobilisant le dispositif.In the event of the user falling, a triple effect of triggering the tightening of the cam 7 takes place simultaneously: a) the sudden acceleration of the downward movement of the device 1 along the rope 2 is immediately detected by the roller 100 whose speed of rotation increases until the resistive torque to which it is subjected overcomes the opposing resistive torque of the cam 7. The latter then pivots clockwise around the shaft 8 so that its clamping surface 9 engages the cord 2 and blocks it against the wall 5 by immobilizing the device.
Comme on le voit à la figure 2, dès que la came 7 amorce son mouvement de serrage de la corde 2, le galet détecteur 10 cesse de collaborer avec celle-ci, et dans sa position de serrage maximum la came 7 engage une butée constituée par l'une des entretoises 4 afin de contrôler le serrage. b) La sollicitation brusque du dispositif 1 vers le bas, due à la chute, déclenche du fait de l'inertie de la came 7 un mouvement de pivotement de celle-ci dans le sens qui amorce le serrage de la corde 2. c) Sous l'effet de la charge en chute libre attelée à son extrémité 18, le levier 15 pivote dans le sens horaire en agissant par sa partie de butée 17 sur la came 7 pour l'amener dans sa position de serrage. Le levier 15 accompagne la came 7 sur la totalité de sa course de serrage jusqu'au blocage complet de la corde 2. Comme le levier 15 pivote librement sur l'axe 8, une immobilisation accidentelle de celui-ci dans sa position de repos de la figure 1 ne pourra s'opposer à ce que l'un des deux effets décrits ci-dessus en a) et b), ou les deux ensemble, exerce l'action de serrage.As can be seen in FIG. 2, as soon as the cam 7 starts its movement for tightening the rope 2, the detector roller 10 ceases to collaborate with it, and in its position of maximum tightening the cam 7 engages a stop constituted by one of the spacers 4 in order to control the tightening. b) The sudden loading of the device 1 downwards, due to the fall, triggers, due to the inertia of the cam 7, a pivoting movement of the latter in the direction which initiates the tightening of the rope 2. c) Under the effect of the free falling load coupled to its end 18, the lever 15 pivots clockwise by acting by its abutment part 17 on the cam 7 to bring it into its clamping position. The lever 15 accompanies the cam 7 over its entire tightening stroke until the cord 2 is completely blocked. As the lever 15 pivots freely on the axis 8, an accidental immobilization of the latter in its rest position of FIG. 1 can only oppose one of the two effects described above in a) and b), or both together, exerts the tightening action.
Ainsi qu'on l'a représenté à la figure 4, un dispositif de verrouillage du levier 15 en position bloquante, constitué par exemple par un cliquet 19 articulé en 20 sur le boîtier et venant engager la face arrière du levier 15, permet de maintenir la .-came 7 dans sa position de blocage de la corde 2, en faisant ainsi office de frein de parking.As shown in FIG. 4, a device for locking the lever 15 in the blocking position, constituted for example by a pawl 19 articulated at 20 on the housing and engaging the rear face of the lever 15, makes it possible to maintain the.-cam 7 in its locking position of the rope 2, thus acting as a parking brake.
Le boîtier du dispositif comporte un moyen d'ouverture (non représenté au dessin), tel que la position fermée du boîtier se trouve verrouillée par deux organes distincts, en nécessitant l'intervention de deux opérations volontaires successives pour ouvrir ce boîtier .The device housing includes an opening means (not shown in the drawing), such that the closed position of the housing is locked by two separate members, requiring the intervention of two successive voluntary operations to open this housing.
Pour les besoins de la description de la présente invention, on a adopté, de façon non limitative, comme support du dispositif un cordage et comme organe de serrage une came dont la gorge de serrage est profilée de façon à correspondre à la section du cordage dans une action d ' autoserrage sur ce cordage. Pour les mêmes besoins, on a adopté pour le détecteur la formule d'un galet. On comprendra toutefois que, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, le même système pourrait être construit, selon l'état de l'art, pour fonctionner sur un support constitué par un câble métallique ou par un profil rigide. For the purposes of the description of the present invention, there has been adopted, in a nonlimiting manner, as a support for the device a rope and as a tightening member a cam whose clamping groove is shaped so as to correspond to the section of the rope in a self-tightening action on this rope. For the same needs, the formula of a roller was adopted for the detector. It will however be understood that, without departing from the scope of the invention, the same system could be constructed, according to the state of the art, to operate on a support constituted by a metal cable or by a rigid profile.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif d'arrêt automatique de chute, coulissant sans opération supplémentaire sur un support d'assurage (2) fixé à un point situé au-dessus du dit dispositif auquel est relié l'utilisateur ou une charge, ce dispositif comportant un organe de serrage (7) du support d'assurage (2) et un organe détecteur (10) d'un seuil d'accélération ou de vitesse de défilement du support d'assurage (2) par rapport au dispositif, caractérisé en ce que l'organe détecteur (10), constitué par un galet ou un organe rotatif équivalent, et l'organe de serrage (7) étant distincts, l'organe détecteur est monté sur l'organe de serrage (7) et entraîne celui-ci dans le sens du serrage sous l'effet d'un couple résistant de niveau déterminé s 'opposant à la rotation du galet (10), ledit couple résistant étant engendré par un moyen (12,13) fixé sur l'organe de serrage (7) et agissant à partir d'un seuil déterminé de vitesse ou d'accélération du support d'assurage (2) dans le dispositif.1. Automatic fall arrest device, sliding without additional operation on a belay support (2) fixed at a point above said device to which the user or a load is connected, this device comprising a tightening (7) of the belay support (2) and a detector member (10) of a threshold of acceleration or running speed of the belay support (2) relative to the device, characterized in that the detector member (10), consisting of a roller or equivalent rotary member, and the clamping member (7) being separate, the detector member is mounted on the clamping member (7) and drives the latter in the direction of tightening under the effect of a resistive torque of determined level opposing the rotation of the roller (10), said resistive torque being generated by means (12,13) fixed on the tightening member (7) and acting from a determined speed or acceleration threshold of the belay support (2) in the dis positive.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dit moyen engendrant le couple résistant est constitué par un frotteur (12), appliqué contre le galet (10) sous l'effet d'un ressort (13) s 'appuyant sur l'organe de serrage (7) et engendrant un couple résistant croissant avec la vitesse du support d'assurage (2) dans le dispositif jusqu'à un seuil supérieur à un couple résistant antagoniste de l'organe de serrage ( 7) .2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said means generating the resistive torque consists of a wiper (12), applied against the roller (10) under the effect of a spring (13) pressing on the clamping member (7) and generating an increasing resistant torque with the speed of the belay support (2) in the device up to a threshold greater than an opposing resistant torque of the clamping member (7).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le dit organe de serrage est constitué par une came pivotante (7) à effet d ' autoserrage avec le support d'assurage (2), sur laquelle le galet détecteur (10) est situé de façon à être en contact de coopération avec le support (2) pour une position déterminée de la came (7) en l'absence d'une sollicitation de serrage appliquée à celle-ci, et de façon à quitter ce contact dès que la came (7) amorce son action de serrage.3. Device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that said clamping member is constituted by a pivoting cam (7) self-tightening effect with the belay support (2), on which the detector roller (10) is located so as to be in cooperative contact with the support (2) for a determined position of the cam (7) in the absence of a tightening stress applied thereto, and so as to leave this contact as soon as the cam (7) starts its clamping action.
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la course de la came (7) dans le sens du desserrage est limitée par une butée (17) qui détermine une position du galet de détection (10) permettant à celui-ci d'être entraîné par le mouvement relatif du support d'assurage (2), un ressort (14) prenant appui sur le boîtier du dispositif et s'appliquant sur cette came (7) pour la solliciter dans le sens du desserrage jusqu'à ce qu'elle atteigne sa position de butée.4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the stroke of the cam (7) in the direction of loosening is limited by a stop (17) which determines a position of the detection roller (10) allowing it to '' be driven by the relative movement of the belay support (2), a spring (14) bearing on the device housing and applying to this cam (7) to urge it in the direction of loosening until that it reaches its stop position.
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le centre de gravité de la came (7) est placé par rapport à l'axe de rotation (8) de celle-ci de façon à solliciter cette came (7), en association avec sa masse, dans le sens de son desserrage en l'absence d'une accélération donnée du dispositif vers le bas, et à solliciter la dite came (7) dans le sens inverse en présence d'une telle accélération, à partir d'un seuil de celle-ci, dans une mesure suffisante pour neutraliser l'action du ressort5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the center of gravity of the cam (7) is placed relative to the axis of rotation (8) thereof so as to urge this cam (7), association with its mass, in the direction of its loosening in the absence of a given acceleration of the device downwards, and in urging said cam (7) in the opposite direction in the presence of such acceleration, from d '' a threshold thereof, to an extent sufficient to neutralize the action of the spring
(14) qui s'y applique, pour engager l'action d ' autoserrage .(14) which applies to it, to initiate the self-tightening action.
6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un levier (15) d ' actionnement par la charge, qui coopère de façon unidirectionnelle avec la came (7) par une butée (17) de sorte que la came (7) ne puisse être actionnée par ce levier (15) que dans le sens provoquant le serrage.6. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that it comprises a lever (15) for actuation by the load, which cooperates unidirectionally with the cam (7) by a stop (17) so that the cam (7) can only be actuated by this lever (15) in the direction causing the tightening.
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la butée de course de la came (7) dans le sens du desserrage est assurée par l'intermédiaire du levier d ' actionnement (15) au moyen d'une butée de celui-ci sur le boîtier du dispositif, de sorte que, en association avec le ressort (14) appliqué à la came (7), on obtienne un contact continu du levier7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the travel stop of the cam (7) in the direction of loosening is ensured by means of the actuating lever (15) by means of a stop thereof. ci on the device housing, so that, in combination with the spring (14) applied to the cam (7), we obtain a continuous contact of the lever
(15) et de la came (7) en l'absence d'une action sur le levier (15) empêchant celui-ci de suivre la came (7) dans un mouvement de serrage.(15) and the cam (7) in the absence of an action on the lever (15) preventing it from following the cam (7) in a tightening movement.
8. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un organe (19) verrouillant, en cas de besoin la position de serrage de la came (7). 8. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a member (19) locking, if necessary the clamping position of the cam (7).
EP97933737A 1996-07-16 1997-07-15 Device for automatically stopping the fall of personnel working high above ground Expired - Lifetime EP0859648B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9608841 1996-07-16
FR9608841A FR2751233B1 (en) 1996-07-16 1996-07-16 AUTOMATIC FALL STOP DEVICE FOR PERSONNEL WORKING AT HEIGHT
PCT/FR1997/001305 WO1998002210A1 (en) 1996-07-16 1997-07-15 Device for automatically stopping the fall of personnel working high above ground

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EP0859648A1 true EP0859648A1 (en) 1998-08-26
EP0859648B1 EP0859648B1 (en) 2003-06-25

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EP (1) EP0859648B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3262279B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1100576C (en)
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BR (1) BR9702343A (en)
CA (1) CA2231722C (en)
CZ (1) CZ292340B6 (en)
DE (1) DE69723046T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2202628T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2751233B1 (en)
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JP3262279B2 (en) 2002-03-04
CN1197401A (en) 1998-10-28
AU3698397A (en) 1998-02-09
ES2202628T3 (en) 2004-04-01
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CN1100576C (en) 2003-02-05
PL184120B1 (en) 2002-09-30
CA2231722C (en) 2005-03-22
EP0859648B1 (en) 2003-06-25
PL325518A1 (en) 1998-08-03
FR2751233B1 (en) 1998-10-09
BR9702343A (en) 1999-12-28
CZ292340B6 (en) 2003-09-17
CA2231722A1 (en) 1998-01-22
CZ79898A3 (en) 1998-06-17
FR2751233A1 (en) 1998-01-23
AU729685B2 (en) 2001-02-08
WO1998002210A1 (en) 1998-01-22
DE69723046D1 (en) 2003-07-31
US6056086A (en) 2000-05-02
DE69723046T2 (en) 2004-04-01

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